man: follow up fixes for #2575

man: document that [Install] has no effect in unit file .d/*.conf drop-ins Fixes: #1774 Fixes: #1090

man: document distinction between ConditionXYZ= and AssertXYZ= References: #2468

core: treat JobTimeout=0 as equivalent to JobTimeout=infinity Corrects an incompatibility introduced with 36c16a7cdd6c33d7980efc2cd6a2211941f302b4. Fixes: #2537

core: make the StartLimitXYZ= settings generic and apply to any kind of unit, not just services This moves the StartLimitBurst=, StartLimitInterval=, StartLimitAction=, RebootArgument= from the [Service] section into the [Unit] section of unit files, and thus support it in all unit types, not just in services. This way we can enforce the start limit much earlier, in particular before testing the unit conditions, so that repeated start-up failure due to failed conditions is also considered for the start limit logic. For compatibility the four options may also be configured in the [Service] section still, but we only document them in their new section [Unit]. This also renamed the socket unit failure code "service-failed-permanent" into "service-start-limit-hit" to express more clearly what it is about, after all it's only triggered through the start limit being hit. Finally, the code in busname_trigger_notify() and socket_trigger_notify() is altered to become more alike. Fixes: #2467

man: describe precedence of drop-in .conf files over unit files

man: fix typos

man: fix typos

core: remove support for RequiresOverridable= and RequisiteOverridable= As discussed at systemd.conf 2015 and on also raised on the ML: http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-November/034880.html This removes the two XyzOverridable= unit dependencies, that were basically never used, and do not enhance user experience in any way. Most folks looking for the functionality this provides probably opt for the "ignore-dependencies" job mode, and that's probably a good idea. Hence, let's simplify systemd's dependency engine and remove these two dependency types (and their inverses). The unit file parser and the dbus property parser will now redirect the settings/properties to result in an equivalent non-overridable dependency. In the case of the unit file parser we generate a warning, to inform the user. The dbus properties for this unit type stay available on the unit objects, but they are now hidden from usual introspection and will always return the empty list when queried. This should provide enough compatibility for the few unit files that actually ever made use of this.

core: simplify handling of %u, %U, %s and %h unit file specifiers Previously, the %u, %U, %s and %h specifiers would resolve to the user name, numeric user ID, shell and home directory of the user configured in the User= setting of a unit file, or the user of the manager instance if no User= setting was configured. That at least was the theory. In real-life this was not ever actually useful: - For the systemd --user instance it made no sense to ever set User=, since the instance runs in user context after all, and hence the privileges to change user IDs don't even exist. The four specifiers were actually not useful at all in this case. - For the systemd --system instance we did not allow any resolving that would require NSS. Hence, %s and %h were not supported, unless User=root was set, in which case they would be hardcoded to /bin/sh and /root, to avoid NSS. Then, %u would actually resolve to whatever was set with User=, but %U would only resolve to the numeric UID of that setting if the User= was specified in numeric form, or happened to be root (in which case 0 was hardcoded as mapping). Two of the specifiers are entirely useless in this case, one is realistically also useless, and one is pretty pointless. - Resolving of these settings would only happen if User= was actually set *before* the specifiers where resolved. This behaviour was undocumented and is really ugly, as specifiers should actually be considered something that applies to the whole file equally, independently of order... With this change, %u, %U, %s and %h are drastically simplified: they now always refer to the user that is running the service instance, and the user configured in the unit file is irrelevant. For the system instance of systemd this means they always resolve to "root", "0", "/bin/sh" and "/root", thus avoiding NSS. For the user instance, to the data for the specific user. The new behaviour is identical to the old behaviour in all --user cases and for all units that have no User= set (or set to "0" or "root").

man: document automatic dependencies For all units ensure there's an "Automatic Dependencies" section in the man page, and explain which dependencies are automatically added in all cases, and which ones are added on top if DefaultDependencies=yes is set. This is also done for systemd.exec(5), systemd.resource-control(5) and systemd.unit(5) as these pages describe common behaviour of various unit types.

Remove snapshot unit type Snapshots were never useful or used for anything. Many systemd developers that I spoke to at systemd.conf2015, didn't even know they existed, so it is fairly safe to assume that this type can be deleted without harm. The fundamental problem with snapshots is that the state of the system is dynamic, devices come and go, users log in and out, timers fire... and restoring all units to some state from the past would "undo" those changes, which isn't really possible. Tested by creating a snapshot, running the new binary, and checking that the transition did not cause errors, and the snapshot is gone, and snapshots cannot be created anymore. New systemctl says: Unknown operation snapshot. Old systemctl says: Failed to create snapshot: Support for snapshots has been removed. IgnoreOnSnaphost settings are warned about and ignored: Support for option IgnoreOnSnapshot= has been removed and it is ignored http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-November/034872.html

detect-virt: add rkt app container runtime

doc: use expanded forms for written style

doc: correct orthography, word forms and missing/extraneous words

doc: correct punctuation and improve typography in documentation

man: MANAGER_SYSTEM understands SYSTEMD_UNIT_PATH too

man: move documentation about NetClass from systemd.unit(5) to systemd.resource-control(5) This is after all where we expose all the other cgroup props, especially those that can be adjusted dynamically.

man: add link to kernel docs for net_cls

cgroup: add support for net_cls controllers Add a new config directive called NetClass= to CGroup enabled units. Allowed values are positive numbers for fix assignments and "auto" for picking a free value automatically, for which we need to keep track of dynamically assigned net class IDs of units. Introduce a hash table for this, and also record the last ID that was given out, so the allocator can start its search for the next 'hole' from there. This could eventually be optimized with something like an irb. The class IDs up to 65536 are considered reserved and won't be assigned automatically by systemd. This barrier can be made a config directive in the future. Values set in unit files are stored in the CGroupContext of the unit and considered read-only. The actually assigned number (which may have been chosen dynamically) is stored in the unit itself and is guaranteed to remain stable as long as the unit is active. In the CGroup controller, set the configured CGroup net class to net_cls.classid. Multiple unit may share the same net class ID, and those which do are linked together.

nspawn: add new .nspawn files for container settings .nspawn fiels are simple settings files that may accompany container images and directories and contain settings otherwise passed on the nspawn command line. This provides an efficient way to attach execution data directly to containers.

man: unit: fix StartTimeoutSec should be TimeoutStartSec

man: revert dynamic paths for split-usr setups This did not really work out as we had hoped. Trying to do this upstream introduced several problems that probably makes it better suited as a downstream patch after all. At any rate, it is not releaseable in the current state, so we at least need to revert this before the release. * by adjusting the path to binaries, but not do the same thing to the search path we end up with inconsistent man-pages. Adjusting the search path too would be quite messy, and it is not at all obvious that this is worth the effort, but at any rate it would have to be done before we could ship this. * this means that distributed man-pages does not make sense as they depend on config options, and for better or worse we are still distributing man pages, so that is something that definitely needs sorting out before we could ship with this patch. * we have long held that split-usr is only minimally supported in order to boot, and something we hope will eventually go away. So before we start adding even more magic/effort in order to make this work nicely, we should probably question if it makes sense at all.

man: generate configured paths in manpages In particular, use /lib/systemd instead of /usr/lib/systemd in distributions like Debian which still have not adopted a /usr merge setup. Use XML entities from man/custom-entities.ent to replace configured paths while doing XSLT processing of the original XML files. There was precedent of some files (such as systemd.generator.xml) which were already using this approach. This addresses most of the (manual) fixes from this patch: http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-systemd/systemd.git/tree/debian/patches/Fix-paths-in-man-pages.patch?h=experimental-220 The idea of using generic XML entities was presented here: http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-May/032240.html This patch solves almost all the issues, with the exception of: - Path to /bin/mount and /bin/umount. - Generic statements about preference of /lib over /etc. These will be handled separately by follow up patches. Tested: - With default configure settings, ran "make install" to two separate directories and compared the output to confirm they matched exactly. - Used a set of configure flags including $CONFFLAGS from Debian: http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-systemd/systemd.git/tree/debian/rules Installed the tree and confirmed the paths use /lib/systemd instead of /usr/lib/systemd and that no other unexpected differences exist. - Confirmed that `make distcheck` still passes.

treewide: fix typos

man: fix a bunch of links All hail linkchecker!

man: replace obsolete wiki link with man page

treewide: correct typos and use consistent "MAC" spelling

Reindent man pages to 2ch

man: systemd.unit(5): add examples for common tasks Add examples for (a) how to allow units to be enabled and (b) overriding vendor settings to the man page.

man: minor typo fix Spotted by John Paul Adrian Glaubitz

doc: fix stale references to systemd-verify This was subsumed into systemd-analyze back in 142c4ecaa98.

man: clarify path escaping and reference systemd-escape This patch adds more detail to the description of how path escaping operates and provides a pointer to the systemd-escape program. Either would serve to answer the question raised in the bug report, so hopefully this will allow it to be closed. https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=87688

man: add a note why %U,%h,%s are mostly useless The reasons were already given in the description of %U, but the are easy to overlook, and it's better to be explicit to avoid confusion.

man: document that we don't document .include on purpose <!-- xml comments are useful! -->

man: don't document ConditionNull=/AssertNull= as the are not particularly useful and simply confusing

core: introduce the concept of AssertXYZ= similar to ConditionXYZ=, but fatal for a start job if not met

core: introduce ConditionSecurity=audit And conditionalize journald audit support with it

job: optionally, when a job timeout is hit, also execute a failure action

man: we don't have 'Wanted' dependency

man: reference table in systemd-detect-virt(1) from ConditionVirtualization= documentation

Fix order and document user unit dirs Fixup for 718880ba0d 'add a transient user unit directory'.

man: use the escape for "-" in example instead of space. This sentence can be misread to mean that "\x20" is the escape code for "-" which is the only character explicitly mentioned. This lead to at least one user loosing hair over why a mount unit for "/foo/bar-baz" didn't work. The example escape is arbitrary so lets prevent hair loss.

man: fix references to systemctl man page which is now in section 1 https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=760613

man: two fixes, reported on irc by 'wget'

man: document that we look for both the instance's and the template's .d/ directory when looking for unit file drop-ins.

man: add systemd-verify(1)

path-lookup: make SYSTEMD_UNIT_PATH more flexible It can now contain more than one directory, and can be used to only prepend, not totally override, the normal load path.

systemd-detect-virt: detect s390 virtualization A system that is running on a logical partition (LPAR) provided by PR/SM has access to physical hardware (except CPU). It is true that PR/SM abstracts the hardware, but only for sharing purposes. Details are statet at: http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/eserver/v1r2/topic/eicaz/eicazzlpar.htm -->-- In other words, PR/SM transforms physical resources into virtual resources so that many logical partitions can share the same physical resources. --<-- Still, from the OS point of view, the shared virtual resource is real hardware. ConditionVirtualization must be set to false if the OS runs directly on PR/SM (e.g. in an LPAR). [zj: reorder code so that variables are not allocated when #if-def is false. Add commit message.]

man: mention XDG_DATA_HOME in systemd.unit

man: add a mapping for external manpages It is annoying when we have dead links on fd.o. Add project='man-pages|die-net|archlinux' to <citerefentry>-ies. In generated html, add external links to http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man, http://linux.die.net/man/, https://www.archlinux.org/. By default, pages in sections 2 and 4 go to man7, since Michael Kerrisk is the autorative source on kernel related stuff. The rest of links goes to linux.die.net, because they have the manpages. Except for the pacman stuff, since it seems to be only available from archlinux.org. Poor gummiboot gets no link, because gummitboot(8) ain't to be found on the net. According to common wisdom, that would mean that it does not exist. But I have seen Kay using it, so I know it does, and deserves to be found. Can somebody be nice and put it up somewhere?

firstboot: get rid of firstboot generator again, introduce ConditionFirstBoot= instead As Zbigniew pointed out a new ConditionFirstBoot= appears like the nicer way to hook in systemd-firstboot.service on first boots (those with /etc unpopulated), so let's do this, and get rid of the generator again.

man: chroot jails are no longer detected by ConditionVirtualization=

man: add missing archs to ConditionArchitecture= description

man: document ConditionNeedsUpdate=

doc: grammatical corrections

man: fix typo

install: introduce new DefaultInstance= field for [Install] sections The DefaultInstance= name is used when enabling template units when only specifying the template name, but no instance. Add DefaultInstance=tty1 to getty@.service, so that when the template itself is enabled an instance for tty1 is created. This is useful so that we "systemctl preset-all" can work properly, because we can operate on getty@.service after finding it, and the right instance is created.

man: note that entire sections can now be ignored Prefixing a section name with "X-" will cause it and all of its contents to be silently ignored as of commit 342aea19.

doc: comma placement corrections and word order Set commas where there should be some. Some improvements to word order.

man: document relationship between RequiresMountsFor and noauto https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1088057

man: mention XDG_CONFIG_HOME in systemd.unit

man: split settings documentaiton in systemd.unit(5) into two sections

man: don't document ".include" in configuration files anymore as first step to deprecate them one day

core: add new ConditionArchitecture() that checks the architecture returned by uname()'s machine field.

man: document fail/nofail, auto/noauto Also s/filesystem/file system/ in a few places.

man: grammar and wording improvements This is a recurring submission and includes corrections to: - missing words, preposition choice. - change of /lib to /usr/lib, because that is what most distros are using as the system-wide location for systemd/udev files.

man: improvements to comma placement This is a recurring submission and includes corrections to: comma placement.

man: resolve word omissions This is a recurring submission and includes corrections to: word omissions and word class choice.

man: reword awkward phrase

core: refuse doing %h, %s, %U specifier resolving in PID 1 These specifiers require NSS lookups to work, and we really shouldn't do them from PID 1 hence. With this change they are now only supported for user systemd instance, or when the configured user for a unit is root.

man: remove advice to avoid setting the same var more than once So far the compatibility with .desktop settings hasn't been imporant at all, and we do not want people to write convoluted unit files.

man: explicitly say when multiple units can be specified itistoday> how do you specify multiple dependencies in a unit file? i've been googling and can't find this basic thing :-\ itistoday> do you use a comma, or use multiple After= statements?

service: add the ability for units to join other unit's PrivateNetwork= and PrivateTmp= namespaces

systemctl: replace the three job mode options by a single --job-mode= option Also, expose the new "flush" job mode this way.

core: replace OnFailureIsolate= setting by a more generic OnFailureJobMode= setting and make use of it where applicable

man: wording and grammar updates This is a recurring submission and includes corrections to various issue spotted. I guess I can just skip over reporting ubiquitous comma placement fixes…

core: drop some out-of-date references to cgroup settings

man: wording and grammar updates This is a recurring submission and includes corrections to various issue spotted. I guess I can just skip over reporting ubiquitous comma placement fixes… Highligts in this particular commit: - the "unsigned" type qualifier is completed to form a full type "unsigned int" - alphabetic -> lexicographic (that way we automatically define how numbers get sorted)

systemd.unit(5): clarify the Description= contents

man: reowrk list of documented unit search paths The generator paths are internal implementation details, they should not be documented explicitly. We should document where private user units are found however.

man: there is no session mode, only user mode

man: link up scope+slice units from systemd.unit(5)

man: systemd.unit: fix volatile path The volatile path was '/run/systemd/systemd' when it should be '/run/systemd/system'. Fix.

man: wording and grammar updates This includes regularly-submitted corrections to comma setting and orthographical mishaps that appeared in man/ in recent commits.

core: add %v specifier

detect-virt: detect User-Mode Linux In a User-Mode Linux session: $ systemd-detect-virt none Although it is possible to reliably detect virtualization: $ cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : User Mode Linux model name : UML mode : skas host : Linux kytes 3.11.0-rc1-00009-ge5fd680 (...) bogomips : 7007.43 So, grep for the string "\nvendor_id\t: User Mode Linux\n" in /proc/cpuinfo, and say "uml" when asked.

man: tweak WantedBy=/RequiredBy= description a bit https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=55663

man: use <literal> not <filename> for suffixes Especially sentences like "filename ends in .suffix" are easier to parse if the suffix is surrounded by quotes. In sentences like "requires a .service unit", where the suffix is used as a class designation, there is no need to use quotes.

man: more grammar improvements - place commas - expand contractions (this is written prose :) - add some missing words

man: add more formatting markup

man: improve grammar and word formatting in numerous man pages Use proper grammar, word usage, adjective hyphenation, commas, capitalization, spelling, etc. To improve readability, some run-on sentences or sentence fragments were revised. [zj: remove the space from 'file name', 'host name', and 'time zone'.]

man: always supply quotes around literals When manpages are displayed on a terminal, <literal>s are indistinguishable from surrounding text. Add quotes everywhere, remove duplicate quotes, and tweak a few lists for consistent formatting. https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=874631

Standardize on 'file system' and 'namespace' in man pages. This change is based on existing usage in systemd and online. 'File-system' may make sense in adjectival form, but man pages seem to prefer 'file system' even in those situations.

Add support for ConditionSecurity=ima Just as with SMACK, we don't really know if a policy has been loaded or not, as the policy interface is write-only. Assume therefore that if ima is present in securityfs that it is enabled. Update the man page to reflect that "ima" is a valid option now as well.

condition, man: Add support for ConditionSecurity=smack According to Documentation/security/Smack.txt: In keeping with the intent of Smack, configuration data is minimal and not strictly required. The most important configuration step is mounting the smackfs pseudo filesystem. This means that checking the mount point should be enough.

man: clarify behaviour of Also= in unit files

condition, man: Add support for ConditionSecurity=apparmor Checking for the apparmor directory in securityfs means the apparmor module is loaded and enabled, and hence should suffice as a test. https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=63312

man: add various filenames to the index Everything which is an absolute filename marked with <filename></filename> lands in the index, unless noindex= attribute is present. Should make it easier for people to find stuff when they are looking at a file on disk. Various formatting errors in manpages are fixed, kernel-install(1) is restored to formatting sanity.

man: improve documentation for specifiers

man: we need to be more careful with the unit search paths we document We generally document the suggested paths, not the paths possible in weird, non-standard setups. We do this in order to not confuse administrators/users unnecessarily and to push people to install things into the same directories on all distributions. We are PID 1 after all, the really basic building block of the OS. Unlike for an app there's very little benefit in being entirely relocatable.

Fix spelling errors using 'codespell' tool

build-sys,man: use XML entities to substite strings This makes it easier to add substitutions to man pages, avoiding the separate transformation step. mkdir -p's are removed from the rule, because xsltproc will will create directories on it's own. All in all, two or three forks per man page are avoided, which should make things marginally faster. Unfortunately python parsers must too be tweaked to handle entities. This isn't particularly easy: with lxml a custom Resolver can be used, but the stdlib etree doesn't support external entities *at all*. So when running without lxml, the entities are just removed. Right now it doesn't matter, since the entities are not indexed anyway. But I intend to add indexing of filenames in the near future, and then the index generated without lxml might be missing a few lines. Oh well.

Revert "build-sys: substitute strings in systemd.unit(5)" This reverts commits c78ab91132aab9193f3c17a9a206f8825ff4be84 and 185c3be03cec26023acc11b49553753aa7330a1d. It is simpler to just use includes...

install: allow specifiers in WantedBy/RequiredBy/Alias This allows one templated unit to refer to another templated unit at installation time. Examples: > grep WantedBy ~/.config/systemd/user/mpop@.timer WantedBy=services@%i.target > srv disable mpop@iit.timer rm '/home/alxchk/.config/systemd/user/services@iit.target.wants/mpop@iit.timer' > srv enable mpop@iit.timer ln -s '/home/alxchk/.config/systemd/user/mpop@.timer' '/home/alxchk/.config/systemd/user/services@iit.target.wants/mpop@iit.timer' Based-on-patch-by: Oleksii Shevchuk <alxchk@gmail.com>

man: grammar fix

man: extend systemd.directives(7) to all manual pages New sections are added: PAM options, crypttab options, commandline options, miscellaneous. The last category will be used for all untagged <varname> elements. Commandline options sections is meant to be a developer tool: when adding an option it is sometimes useful to be able to check if similarly named options exist elsewhere.

units: for all unit settings that take lists, allow the empty string for resetting the lists https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=756787

man: add links to directive index to see-alsos systemd.directives(5) is renamed to systemd.directives(7). Section 7 is "Miscellaneous".

unit: allow extension of unit files with .d/*.conf drop-ins For all unit files foobar.service we will now read foobar.service.d/*.conf, too. This may be used to override certain unit settings without having to edit unit files directly. This makes it really easy to change specific settings for services without having to edit any unit file: mkdir /etc/systemd/system/avahi-daemon.service.d/ echo -e '[Service]\nNice=99' > /etc/systemd/system/avahi-daemon.service.d/nice.conf systemctl daemon-reload

man/systemd.unit.xml: fix typos

unit: add ConditionACPower=

unit: add %U for uids in units

man: document calendar timers

man: document that Documentation= follows an order

man: typo fixes https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=55890 Fixed typos, serial comma, and removed "either" as there were more than two options. Also did an extra rename of "system-shutdown" to "systemd-shutdown" that was forgotten in commit 8bd3b8620c80d0f2383f2fb04315411fc8077ca1

Reword sentences that contain psuedo-English "resp." As you likely know, Arch Linux is in the process of moving to systemd. So I was reading through the various systemd docs and quickly became baffled by this new abbreviation "resp.", which I've never seen before in my English-mother-tongue life. Some quick Googling turned up a reference: <http://www.transblawg.eu/index.php?/archives/870-Resp.-and-other-non-existent-English-wordsNicht-existente-englische-Woerter.html> I guess it's a literal translation of the German "Beziehungsweise", but English doesn't work the same way. The word "respectively" is used exclusively to provide an ordering connection between two lists. E.g. "the prefixes k, M, and G refer to kilo-, mega-, and giga-, respectively." It is also never abbreviated to "resp." So the sentence "Sets the default output resp. error output for all services and sockets" makes no sense to a natural English speaker. This patch removes all instances of "resp." in the man pages and replaces them with sentences which are much more clear and, hopefully, grammatically valid. In almost all instances, it was simply replacing "resp." with "or," which the original author (Lennart?) could probably just do in the future. The only other instances of "resp." are in the src/ subtree, which I don't feel privileged to correct. Signed-off-by: Andrew Eikum <aeikum@codeweavers.com>

unit-printf: add specifiers for the host name, machine id, boot id

man: fix a bunch of typos in docs https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=54501

condition: add ConditionFileNotEmpty= https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=54448

unit: add new ConditionHost= condition type

doc: clarification in system.unit man page

man: rewrite the description of PartOf

systemd: added new dependency PartOf This should address TODO item "new dependency type to "group" services in a target". Semantic of new dependency is as follows. Once configured it creates dependency which will cause that all dependent units get stopped if unit they all depend on is stopped or restarted. Usual use case would be configuring PartOf=some.target in template unit file and WantedBy=some.target in [Install] section and enabling desired number of instances. In this case starting one instance won't pull in target but stopping or starting target(in case of WantedBy is properly configured) will cause stop/start of all instances.

man: reword man page titles Make sure the man page titles are similar in style and capitalization so that our man page index looks pretty.

unit: introduce %s specifier for the user shell

unit: printf specifiers %u and %h: $USER and $HOME. These printf specifiers allow us to refer to $HOME and $USER in unit files. These are particularly helpful in instanced units that have "User=" set, and in systemd --user domains. The specifiers will return the pw_name and pw_dir fields if the unit file has a User= field. If the unit file does not have a User= field, the value substituted is either $USER or $HOME from the environment, or, if unset, the values from pw_name or pw_dir. This patch is somewhat after Ran Benita's original patch, which didn't get merged. I've split up the 2 specifiers and extended them to do what is logically expected from these specifiers. Note that expansion is done at `start` time, not after the units are parsed. Using `systemctl show` will just show the specifiers.

unit: rename BindTo= to BindsTo= all other dependencies are in 3rd person. Change BindTo= accordingly to BindsTo=. Of course, the dependency is widely used, hence we parse the old name too for compatibility.

unit: drop the Names= option Names= is a source of errors, simply because alias names specified like this only become relevant after a unit has been loaded but cannot be used to load a unit. Let's get rid of the confusion and drop this field. To establish alias names peope should use symlinks, which have the the benefit of being useful as key to load a unit, even though they are not taken into account if unit names are listed but they haven't been explicitly referenced before.

units: remove service sysv_path variable and replace it by generic unit_path UnitPath= is also writable via native units and may be used by generators to clarify from which file a unit is generated. This patch also hooks up the cryptsetup and fstab generators to set UnitPath= accordingly.

unit: introduce RequiredBy= setting in [Install], to complement WantedBy=

units: introduce new Documentation= field and make use of it everywhere This should help making the boot process a bit easier to explore and understand for the administrator. The simple idea is that "systemctl status" now shows a link to documentation alongside the other status and decriptionary information of a service. This patch adds the necessary fields to all our shipped units if we have proper documentation for them.

unit: add new dependency type RequiresMountsFor= RequiresMountsFor= is a shortcut for adding requires and after dependencies to all mount units neeed for the specified paths. This solves a couple of issues regarding dep loop cycles for encrypted swap.

man: Fix a few typos Reported-by: A. Costa <agcosta@gis.net> Bug-Debian: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=668344

unit: introduce ConditionPathIsReadWrite

relicense to LGPLv2.1 (with exceptions) We finally got the OK from all contributors with non-trivial commits to relicense systemd from GPL2+ to LGPL2.1+. Some udev bits continue to be GPL2+ for now, but we are looking into relicensing them too, to allow free copy/paste of all code within systemd. The bits that used to be MIT continue to be MIT. The big benefit of the relicensing is that closed source code may now link against libsystemd-login.so and friends.

virt: the pidns controller does not exist anymore

virt: detect LXC+libvirt containers

unit: implement new PropagateReloadTo=/PropagateReloadFrom= operations

unit: introduce ConditionCapability

man: .include directive does not include as textual include it includes by parsing the include file. This means that section headers must be used inside of a .include file otherwise all the lines are ignored.

condition: optionally test against type of virtualization (vm vs. container)

util: detect systemd-nspawn without relying on ns cgroup tree

condition: add ConditionPathIsSymbolicLink

condition: always follow symlinks for condition checks, to mimic test

unit: introduce ConditionPathIsMountPoint=

man: document which condition tests follow symlinks ConditionPathExists and ConditionFileIsExecutable follow symlinks. ConditionPathIsDirectory does not follow symlinks. (XXX: is this actually the desired behavior?)

man: list specifiers in a table It was noted on IRC that the current layout is not necessarily the easiest to parse by humans. I personnally struggled understanding it the first time I read it. Hopefully, this change makes it easier to understand. Note: I only reformatted the information that was already present in the documentation, I didn't add anything.

unit: introduce ConditionFileIsExecutable= and use it where we check for a binary we'll spawn

man: un-reverse IgnoreOnSnapshot description I think that snapshots & devices are actually _not_ captured in snapshots.

path,unit: support globbing in conditions and path units

unit: add three new specifiers to use in unit files

man: Documentation spelling fixes

unit: make ignoring in snapshots a per unit property, instead of a per unit type property

manager: introduce IgnoreOnIsolate flag so that we can keep systemd-logger around when isolating

unit: introduce OnFailureIsolate=

condition: use 'selinux' rather than 'SELinux' as preferred spelling The virtualization condition and others use lowercase identifiers, so for the sake of keeping things least surprising, use lowercase identifiers here too.

man: document ConditionSecurity

man: document ConditionPathIsDirectory=

man: document pidns containers

units: deemphesize Names= settings, and explain why nobody whould use them

man: document .requires/ directories

unit: distuingish mandatory from triggering conditions

unit: introduce ConditionVirtualization=

man: remaining spelling fixes

man: trivial BindTo description fix I guess "unexpected" implies "without involvement".

unit: introduce ConditionDirectoryNotEmpty=

unit: add ConditionNull= condition

unit: get rid of gnoreDependencyFailure= instead treat ConflictedBy= as weaker counterpart of Conflicts=, similar to Wants= vs. Requires=

unit: replace StopRetroactively= by BindTo= dependencies The property StopRetroactively= needs to be per-dependency, not per-unit, in order to properly express dependencies between .mount units and its .device and fsck .service units. If the .device unit is unplugged the mount should go away, but if the fsck process terminates the .mount should stay.

unit: replace recursive_stop by stop_retroactively to simplify things a little

unit: introduce %f specifier to decode file names

unit: add minimal condition checker for unit startup

unit: rename 'banned' load state to 'masked'

man: include reference to the interface stability promise

manager: rename 'maintenance' state to 'failed' to avoid user confusion https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=614619

unit: introduce AllowIsolate= switch

unit: rename OnlyByDependency= to RefuseManualStart= and introduce RefuseManualStop= Some unit shall never be start on user request (e.g. shutdown.target) others never be stopped on user request (e.g. auditd.servce), hence offer options for both.

manager: when two pending jobs conflict, keep the one that "conflicts", remove the one that is "conflicted" This gives the writer of units control which unit is kept and which is stopped when two units conflict.

systemctl: fold systemd-install into systemctl

man: extend man pages a little

unit: introduce IgnoreDependencyFailure=

man: fix minor ambuigity

man: Fix minor issues in systemd.unit.xml Fix minor typographic, punctuation and grammar errors.

man: update man pages for recent syntax changes

man: various man page updates

man: minor fix

man: refer to snapshot man page from unit man page

man: minor fixes

man: trivial spelling fixes

man: document snapshot units

man: document socket units

man: finish service man page

man: more fixes

man: various fixes

man: finish systemd.unit.5

man: spelling fixes

man: additional documentation

man: add more man pages

man: replace syslog name in man page by configured name

man: document a few special units

man: add some initial man page work