/**
* utils.c - Part of the Linux-NTFS project.
*
* Copyright (c) 2002-2005 Richard Russon
* Copyright (c) 2003-2006 Anton Altaparmakov
* Copyright (c) 2003 Lode Leroy
* Copyright (c) 2005-2007 Yura Pakhuchiy
*
* A set of shared functions for ntfs utilities
*
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program (in the main directory of the Linux-NTFS
* distribution in the file COPYING); if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDIO_H
#include <stdio.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_H
#include <stdarg.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
#include <errno.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
#include <string.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
#include <locale.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_LIBINTL_H
#include <libintl.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
#include <stdlib.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
#include <limits.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_CTYPE_H
#include <ctype.h>
#endif
#include "compat.h"
#include "utils.h"
#include "types.h"
#include "volume.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "dir.h"
#include "version.h"
#include "logging.h"
"General Public License\nand you are welcome to redistribute it under "
"certain conditions. It comes with\nABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for "
"details read the GNU General Public License to be\nfound in the file "
"\"COPYING\" distributed with this program, or online at:\n"
static const char *invalid_ntfs_msg =
"The device '%s' doesn't have a valid NTFS.\n"
"Maybe you selected the wrong device? Or the whole disk instead of a\n"
static const char *corrupt_volume_msg =
"NTFS is inconsistent. Run chkdsk /f on Windows then reboot it TWICE!\n"
"The usage of the /f parameter is very IMPORTANT! No modification was\n"
"made to NTFS by this software.\n";
static const char *hibernated_volume_msg =
"The NTFS partition is hibernated. Please resume Windows and turned it \n"
"off properly, so mounting could be done safely.\n";
static const char *unclean_journal_msg =
"Access is denied because the NTFS journal file is unclean. Choices are:\n"
" A) Shutdown Windows properly.\n"
" B) Click the 'Safely Remove Hardware' icon in the Windows taskbar\n"
" notification area before disconnecting the device.\n"
" C) Use 'Eject' from Windows Explorer to safely remove the device.\n"
" D) If you ran chkdsk previously then boot Windows again which will\n"
" automatically initialize the journal.\n"
" E) Submit 'force' option (WARNING: This solution it not recommended).\n"
" F) ntfsmount: Mount the volume read-only by using the 'ro' mount option.\n";
static const char *opened_volume_msg =
"Access is denied because the NTFS volume is already exclusively opened.\n"
"The volume may be already mounted, or another software may use it which\n"
"could be identified for example by the help of the 'fuser' command.\n";
static const char *dirty_volume_msg =
"Volume is scheduled for check.\n"
"Please boot into Windows TWICE, or use the 'force' option.\n"
"NOTE: If you had not scheduled check and last time accessed this volume\n"
"using ntfsmount and shutdown system properly, then init scripts in your\n"
"distribution are broken. Please report to your distribution developers\n"
"(NOT to us!) that init scripts kill ntfsmount or mount.ntfs-fuse during\n"
"shutdown instead of proper umount.\n";
static const char *fakeraid_msg =
"different device under /dev/mapper, (e.g. /dev/mapper/nvidia_eahaabcc1)\n"
"to mount NTFS. Please see the 'dmraid' documentation for help.\n";
/**
* utils_set_locale
*/
int utils_set_locale(void)
{
const char *locale;
if (!locale) {
ntfs_log_error("Failed to set locale, using default '%s'.\n",
locale);
return 1;
} else {
return 0;
}
}
/**
* utils_valid_device - Perform some safety checks on the device, before start
* @force: Continue regardless of problems
*
* Check that the name refers to a device and that is isn't already mounted.
* These checks can be overridden by using the force option.
*
* Return: 1 Success, we can continue
* 0 Error, we cannot use this device
*/
{
unsigned long mnt_flags = 0;
#ifdef __CYGWIN32__
/* FIXME: This doesn't work for Cygwin, so just return success. */
return 1;
#endif
if (!name) {
return 0;
}
else
ntfs_log_perror("Error getting information about %s",
name);
return 0;
}
/* Make sure the file system is not mounted. */
ntfs_log_perror("Failed to determine whether %s is mounted",
name);
if (!force) {
ntfs_log_error("Use the force option to ignore this "
"error.\n");
return 0;
}
ntfs_log_warning("Forced to continue.\n");
} else if (mnt_flags & NTFS_MF_MOUNTED) {
if (!force) {
ntfs_log_error("You can use force option to avoid this "
"check, but this is not recommended\n"
"and may lead to data corruption.\n");
return 0;
}
ntfs_log_warning("Forced to continue.\n");
}
return 1;
}
/**
* utils_mount_volume - Mount an NTFS volume
*/
{
if (!device) {
return NULL;
}
return NULL;
if (!vol) {
else if (errno == EOPNOTSUPP)
return NULL;
}
if (NVolWasDirty(vol)) {
if (!(flags & NTFS_MNT_FORCE)) {
return NULL;
}
ntfs_log_error("WARNING: Dirty volume mount was forced by the "
"'force' mount option.\n");
}
return vol;
}
/**
* utils_parse_size - Convert a string representing a size
* @value: String to be parsed
* @size: Parsed size
* @scale: Whether or not to allow a suffix to scale the value
*
* Read a string and convert it to a number. Strings may be suffixed to scale
* them. Any number without a suffix is assumed to be in bytes.
*
* Suffix Description Multiple
* [tT] Terabytes 10^12
* [gG] Gigabytes 10^9
* [mM] Megabytes 10^6
* [kK] Kilobytes 10^3
*
* Notes:
* Only the first character of the suffix is read.
* The multipliers are decimal thousands, not binary: 1000, not 1024.
* If parse_size fails, @size will not be changed
*
* Return: 1 Success
* 0 Error, the string was malformed
*/
{
long long result;
return 0;
}
return 0;
}
if (!suffix) {
ntfs_log_error("Internal error, strtoll didn't return a suffix.\n");
return 0;
}
if (scale) {
switch (suffix[0]) {
case '-': case 0:
break;
default:
return 0;
}
} else {
return 0;
}
}
return 1;
}
/**
* utils_parse_range - Convert a string representing a range of numbers
* @string: The string to be parsed
* @start: The beginning of the range will be stored here
* @finish: The end of the range will be stored here
*
* Read a string of the form n-m. If the lower end is missing, zero will be
* substituted. If the upper end is missing LONG_MAX will be used. If the
* string cannot be parsed correctly, @start and @finish will not be changed.
*
* Return: 1 Success, a valid string was found
* 0 Error, the string was not a valid range
*/
{
s64 a, b;
char *middle;
return 0;
}
ntfs_log_debug("Range has no beginning, defaulting to 0.\n");
a = 0;
} else {
return 0;
}
if (middle) {
if (middle[1] == 0) {
b = LONG_MAX; // XXX ULLONG_MAX
ntfs_log_debug("Range has no end, defaulting to %lld.\n", b);
} else {
return 0;
}
} else {
b = a;
}
*start = a;
*finish = b;
return 1;
}
/**
* find_attribute - Find an attribute of the given type
* @type: An attribute type, e.g. AT_FILE_NAME
* @ctx: A search context, created using ntfs_get_attr_search_ctx
*
* given attribute type.
*
* N.B. This will return a pointer into @mft. As long as the search context
* has been created without an inode, it won't overflow the buffer.
*
* Return: Pointer Success, an attribute was found
* NULL Error, no matching attributes were found
*/
{
if (!ctx) {
return NULL;
}
return NULL; /* None / no more of that type */
}
}
/**
* find_first_attribute - Find the first attribute of a given type
* @type: An attribute type, e.g. AT_FILE_NAME
* @mft: A buffer containing a raw MFT record
*
* Search through a raw MFT record for an attribute of a given type.
* The return value is a pointer into the MFT record that was supplied.
*
* N.B. This will return a pointer into @mft. The pointer won't stray outside
* the buffer, since we created the search context without an inode.
*
* Return: Pointer Success, an attribute was found
* NULL Error, no matching attributes were found
*/
{
if (!mft) {
return NULL;
}
if (!ctx) {
ntfs_log_error("Couldn't create a search context.\n");
return NULL;
}
if (rec)
else
return rec;
}
/**
* utils_inode_get_name
*
* using inode
* get filename
* add name to list
* get parent
* if parent is 5 (/) stop
* get inode of parent
*/
{
// flags: path, filename, or both
int name_space;
return 0;
}
//ntfs_log_debug("sizeof(char*) = %d, sizeof(names) = %d\n", sizeof(char*), sizeof(names));
for (i = 0; i < max_path; i++) {
if (!ctx) {
ntfs_log_error("Couldn't create a search context.\n");
return 0;
}
//ntfs_log_debug("i = %d, inode = %p (%lld)\n", i, inode, inode->mft_no);
name_space = 4;
/* We know this will always be resident. */
continue;
}
if (names[i]) {
}
&names[i], 0) < 0) {
char *temp;
ntfs_log_error("Couldn't translate filename to current locale.\n");
if (!temp)
return 0;
}
//ntfs_log_debug("names[%d] %s\n", i, names[i]);
//ntfs_log_debug("parent = %lld\n", MREF(parent));
}
if (i > 0) /* Don't close the original inode */
//ntfs_log_debug("inode 5\n");
break;
}
if (!inode) {
ntfs_log_error("Couldn't open inode %llu.\n",
break;
}
}
if (i >= max_path) {
/* If we get into an infinite loop, we'll end up here. */
return 0;
}
/* Assemble the names in the correct order. */
for (i = max_path; i >= 0; i--) {
if (!names[i])
continue;
ntfs_log_error("Pathname was truncated.\n");
break;
}
}
/* Free all the allocated memory */
for (i = 0; i < max_path; i++)
return 1;
}
/**
* utils_attr_get_name
*/
{
char *name;
// flags: attr, name, or both
return 0;
}
if (attrdef) {
ntfs_log_error("Couldn't translate attribute type to "
"current locale.\n");
// <UNKNOWN>?
return 0;
}
} else {
}
ntfs_log_error("Attribute type was truncated.\n");
return 0;
}
if (!attr->name_length) {
return 0;
}
ntfs_log_error("Couldn't translate attribute name to current "
"locale.\n");
// <UNKNOWN>?
return 0;
}
ntfs_log_error("Attribute name was truncated.\n");
return 0;
}
return 0;
}
/**
* utils_cluster_in_use - Determine if a cluster is in use
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
* @lcn: The Logical Cluster Number to test
*
* The metadata file $Bitmap has one binary bit representing each cluster on
* disk. The bit will be set for each cluster that is in use. The function
* reads the relevant part of $Bitmap into a buffer and tests the bit.
*
* This function has a static buffer in which it caches a section of $Bitmap.
* If the lcn, being tested, lies outside the range, the buffer will be
* refreshed. @bmplcn stores offset to the first bit (in bits) stored in the
* buffer.
*
* NOTE: Be very carefull with shifts by 3 everywhere in this function.
*
* Return: 1 Cluster is in use
* 0 Cluster is free space
* -1 Error occurred
*/
{
if (!vol) {
return -1;
}
/* Does lcn lie in the section of $Bitmap we already have cached? */
ntfs_log_debug("Bit lies outside cache.\n");
if (!attr) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't open $Bitmap");
return -1;
}
/* Mark the buffer as in use, in case the read is shorter. */
buffer) < 0) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't read $Bitmap");
return -1;
}
ntfs_log_debug("Reloaded bitmap buffer.\n");
}
ntfs_log_debug("cluster = %lld, bmplcn = %lld, byte = %d, bit = %d, "
bit);
}
/**
* utils_mftrec_in_use - Determine if a MFT Record is in use
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
* @mref: MFT Reference (inode number)
*
* The metadata file $BITMAP has one binary bit representing each record in the
* MFT. The bit will be set for each record that is in use. The function
* reads the relevant part of $BITMAP into a buffer and tests the bit.
*
* This function has a static buffer in which it caches a section of $BITMAP.
* If the mref, being tested, lies outside the range, the buffer will be
* refreshed.
*
* Return: 1 MFT Record is in use
* 0 MFT Record is unused
* -1 Error occurred
*/
{
ntfs_log_trace("Entering.\n");
if (!vol) {
return -1;
}
/* Does mref lie in the section of $Bitmap we already have cached? */
(sizeof(buffer) << 3)))) {
ntfs_log_debug("Bit lies outside cache.\n");
/* Mark the buffer as not in use, in case the read is shorter. */
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't read $MFT/$BITMAP");
return -1;
}
ntfs_log_debug("Reloaded bitmap buffer.\n");
}
ntfs_log_debug("cluster = %lld, bmpmref = %lld, byte = %d, bit = %d, in use %d\n", mref, bmpmref, byte, bit, buffer[byte] & bit);
}
/**
* __metadata
*/
{
if (num <= FILE_UpCase)
return 1;
if (!vol)
return -1;
return 1;
return 0;
}
/**
* utils_is_metadata - Determine if an inode represents a metadata file
* @inode: An ntfs inode to be tested
*
* A handful of files in the volume contain filesystem data - metadata.
* They can be identified by their inode number (offset in MFT/$DATA) or by
* their parent.
*
* Return: 1 inode is a metadata file
* 0 inode is not a metadata file
* -1 Error occurred
*/
{
if (!inode) {
return -1;
}
if (!vol)
return -1;
return 1;
return 1;
}
if (!rec)
return -1;
/* We know this will always be resident. */
return 1;
return 0;
}
/**
* utils_dump_mem - Display a block of memory in hex and ascii
* @buf: Buffer to be displayed
* @start: Offset into @buf to start from
* @length: Number of bytes to display
* @flags: Options to change the style of the output
*
* Display a block of memory in a tradition hex-dump manner.
* Optionally the ascii part can be turned off.
*
* The flags, described fully in utils.h, default to 0 (DM_DEFAULTS).
* Examples are: DM_INDENT (indent the output by one tab); DM_RED (colour the
* output); DM_NO_ASCII (only print the hex values).
*/
{
col = 30;
col += 1;
col += 2;
col += 4;
ntfs_log_debug("\t");
ntfs_log_debug("\e[01m");
if (off == s)
else
for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
ntfs_log_debug(" -");
else
ntfs_log_debug(" ");
}
if (!(flags & DM_NO_ASCII)) {
ntfs_log_debug(" ");
for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
ntfs_log_debug(" ");
else
ntfs_log_debug(".");
}
}
ntfs_log_debug("\e[0m");
ntfs_log_debug("\n");
}
}
/**
* mft_get_search_ctx
*/
{
if (!vol) {
return NULL;
}
return ctx;
}
/**
* mft_put_search_ctx
*/
{
if (!ctx)
return;
}
/**
* mft_next_record
*/
{
if (!ctx) {
return -1;
}
}
int in_use;
ctx->flags_match = 0;
if (in_use == -1) {
ntfs_log_error("Error reading inode %llu. Aborting.\n",
return -1;
}
if (in_use) {
ntfs_log_error("Error reading inode %llu.\n", (unsigned
continue;
}
if (attr10)
else
if (attr20)
if (attr80)
if (attr_ctx) {
} else {
ntfs_log_error("Couldn't create a search context.\n");
return -1;
}
}
default:
//ntfs_log_error("Error reading inode %lld.\n", ctx->mft_num);
//return -1;
}
} else { // !in_use
ntfs_log_error("Out of memory. Aborting.\n");
return -1;
}
return -1;
}
AT_UNNAMED, 0);
if (!mft) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't open $MFT/$DATA");
// free / close
return -1;
}
if (ntfs_attr_pread(mft, ctx->vol->mft_record_size * ctx->mft_num, ctx->vol->mft_record_size, ctx->inode->mrec) < ctx->vol->mft_record_size) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't read MFT Record %llu",
// free / close
return -1;
}
}
break;
}
ntfs_log_error("Error closing inode %llu.\n",
return -errno;
}
}
}