cmd/fdformat/fdformat.c

/*
 * CDDL HEADER START
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
 * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
 * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *
 * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
 * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
 * and limitations under the License.
 *
 * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
 * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
 * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
 * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
 * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
 *
 * CDDL HEADER END
 */
/*
 * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
 * Use is subject to license terms.
 */

/*
 * fdformat program - formats floppy disks, and then adds a label to them
 *
 *   ****Warning, Warning, Warning, Warning*****
 *   This program runs suid root.  This change was made to
 *   allow it to umount a file system if it's mounted.
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <libintl.h>
#include <volmgt.h>
#include <sys/isa_defs.h>
#include <sys/ioccom.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/dklabel.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/dkio.h>
#include <sys/fdio.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/vtoc.h>
#include <sys/mnttab.h>

/* DEFINES */
#if defined(_BIG_ENDIAN)
#define getbyte(A, N)   (((unsigned char *)(&(A)))[N])
#define htols(S)    ((getbyte(S, 1) <<8) | getbyte(S, 0))
#elif defined(_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
#define htols(S)    (*((ushort_t *)(&(S))))
#else
#error One of _BIG_ENDIAN or LITTLE_ENDIAN must be defined
#endif

#define getlobyte(A)    (A & 0xFF)
#define gethibyte(A)    (A >> 8 & 0xFF)
#define uppercase(c)    ((c) >= 'a' && (c) <= 'z' ? (c) - 'a' + 'A' : (c))
#define min(a, b)   ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))

/* FORMAT PATTERNS */
#define     PATTERN_1   0x55;
#define     PATTERN_2   0xaa;
#define     PATTERN_3   0xff;
#define     PATTERN_4   0x00;

/* UNINITIALIZED DATA */
static  struct fd_char      fdchar;
static  struct dk_geom      fdgeom;
static  struct dk_allmap    allmap;
static  struct dk_cinfo     dkinfo;

/* EXTERN */
extern char *optarg;
extern int  optind;

/* for verify buffers */
static uchar_t  *ibuf1;
static uchar_t  *obuf;

static char *myname;

static  int fd_debug = 1;   /* 1 if debug XXX */
static  int b_flag = 0; /* install a volume label to the diskette */
static  int d_flag = 0; /* format the diskette in dos format */
static  int D_flag = 0; /* double (aka low) density flag */
static  int e_flag = 0; /* "eject" diskette when done (if supported) */
static  int E_flag = 0; /* extended density */
static  int f_flag = 0; /* "force" (no confirmation before start) */
static  int H_flag = 0; /* high density */
static  int m_flag = 0; /* medium density */
static  int n_flag = 0; /* format the diskette in NEC-DOS format */
static  int q_flag = 0; /* quiet format flag */
static  int U_flag = 0; /* automatically unmount if it's mounted */
static  int v_flag = 0; /* verify format/diskette flag */
static  int x_flag = 0; /* skip the format, only install SunOS label */
                /* or DOS file system */
static  int z_flag = 0; /* debugging only, setting partial formatting */
static  int interleave = 1; /* interleave factor */

static  uid_t   euid = 0;   /* stores effective user id */

struct bios_param_blk {
    uchar_t b_bps[2];       /* bytes per sector */
    uchar_t b_spcl;         /* sectors per alloction unit */
    uchar_t b_res_sec[2];       /* reserved sectors, starting at 0 */
    uchar_t b_nfat;         /* number of FATs */
    uchar_t b_rdirents[2];      /* number of root directory entries */
    uchar_t b_totalsec[2];      /* total sectors in logical image */
    char    b_mediadescriptor;  /* media descriptor byte */
    uchar_t b_fatsec[2];        /* number of sectors per FAT */
    uchar_t b_spt[2];       /* sectors per track */
    uchar_t b_nhead[2];     /* number of heads */
    uchar_t b_hiddensec[2];     /* number of hidden sectors */
};

/*
 * ON-private functions from libvolmgt
 */
char    *_media_oldaliases(char *name);
int _dev_mounted(char *path);
int _dev_unmount(char *path);

/*
 * local functions
 */
static void usage(char *);
static int  verify(int, int, int);
static void write_SunOS_label(int, char *, struct vtoc *);
static int  valid_DOS_boot(char *, uchar_t **);
static void write_DOS_label(int, uchar_t *, int, char *, char *,
            struct  bios_param_blk *, int);
static void write_NEC_DOS_label(int, char *);
static int  check_mount();
static void format_diskette(int, char *, struct vtoc *,
                struct  bios_param_blk *,  int *);
static void restore_default_chars(int fd,
                    struct fd_char save_fdchar,
                    struct dk_allmap save_allmap);

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int altsize = 0;
    int fd;
    int i;
    uchar_t *altboot = NULL;
    char    *altbootname = NULL;
    char    *dev_name = NULL, *real_name, *alias_name;
    char    *vollabel = "";
    struct  vtoc fd_vtoc;
    struct  bios_param_blk bpb;
    int rdirsec;
    char    *nullstring = "";

    (void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");

#if !defined(TEXT_DOMAIN)
#define TEXT_DOMAIN "SYS_TEST"
#endif

    (void) textdomain(TEXT_DOMAIN);

    myname = argv[0];
    while ((i = getopt(argc, argv, "B:b:dDeEfhHlLmMxqt:UvVZ?")) != -1) {
        switch (i) {

        case 'B':
            altbootname = strdup(optarg);
            d_flag++;
            /* check for valid boot file now */
            altsize = valid_DOS_boot(altbootname, &altboot);
            if (!altsize) {
                (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
                    "%s: invalid boot loader\n"), myname);
                exit(1);
            }
            break;

        case 'b':
            b_flag++;
            vollabel = strdup(optarg);
            break;

        case 'd':
            /* format a MS-DOS diskette */
            d_flag++;
            break;

        case 'D':
        case 'L':
        case 'l':
            /* format a Double density 720KB (or 360KB) disk */
            D_flag++;
            break;

        case 'e':
            /* eject diskette when done */
            e_flag++;
            break;

        case 'E':
            /* format an 2.88MB Extended density disk */
            E_flag++;
            break;

        case 'f':
            /* don't ask for confirmation */
            f_flag++;
            break;

        case 'H':
        case 'h':
            /* format a High density 1.2MB or 1.44MB disk */
            H_flag++;
            break;

#if 0
        case 'i':
            /* interleave factor */
            interleave = atol(optarg);
            if (interleave <= 0) {
                (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
                    "%s: invalid interleave\n"), myname);
                exit(1);
            }
            break;
#endif

        case 'M':
        case 'm':
            /* format a 3.5" HD disk to 1.2MB */
            m_flag++;
            break;

        case 'x':
            /* skip format, just write label */
            x_flag++;
            break;

        case 'q':
            /* quiet format */
            q_flag++;
            break;

        case 't':
            /* Type of DOS formatting: NEC or MS */
            if (strcmp(optarg, "nec") == 0) {
                n_flag++;
            }
            if (strcmp(optarg, "dos") == 0) {
                d_flag++;
            }
            break;

        case 'U':
            /* umount filesystem if mounted */
            U_flag++;
            break;

        case 'v':
        case 'V':
            /* verify the diskette after format */
            v_flag++;
            break;

        case 'Z':
            /* for debug only, format cyl 0 only */
            if (!fd_debug) {
                usage(gettext("unknown argument"));
                /* NOTREACHED */
            }
            (void) printf(gettext("\nFormat cyl Zero only\n"));
            z_flag++;
            break;

        default:
            usage(" ");
            /* NOTREACHED */
        }
    }

    if (optind < argc -1) {
        usage(gettext("more than one device name argument"));
        /* NOTREACHED */
    }
    if (optind == argc -1) {
        dev_name = argv[optind];
    }
    if (D_flag && H_flag) {
        usage(gettext("switches -D, -L and -H incompatible"));
        /* NOTREACHED */
    }
    if (D_flag && E_flag) {
        usage(gettext("switches -D, -L and -E incompatible"));
        /* NOTREACHED */
    }
    if (H_flag && E_flag) {
        usage(gettext("switches -H and -E incompatible"));
        /* NOTREACHED */
    }
    if (n_flag && d_flag) {
        usage(gettext("switches nec and dos incompatible"));
        /* NOTREACHED */
    }
    if (n_flag && !m_flag) {
        usage(gettext("switch -M required for NEC-DOS"));
        /* NOTREACHED */
    }
    if (D_flag && m_flag) {
        usage(gettext("switches -D, -L and -M incompatible"));
        /* NOTREACHED */
    }
    if (d_flag && m_flag) {
        usage(gettext("switches -d and -M incompatible"));
        /* NOTREACHED */
    }

    if (dev_name == NULL)
        dev_name = "floppy";

    if ((real_name = media_findname(dev_name)) == NULL) {
        if ((alias_name = _media_oldaliases(dev_name)) != NULL)
            real_name = media_findname(alias_name);
        if (real_name == NULL) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
gettext("No such volume (or no media in specified device): %s\n"),
                    dev_name);
            exit(1);
        }
    }

    /*
     * This check is required because program runs suid root.
     */
    if (access(real_name, R_OK|W_OK) < 0) {
        perror(real_name);
        exit(1);
    }

    /* store callers euid */

    euid = geteuid();

    /*
     * See if the given device name is mounted.  If this check isn't done
     * before the open, the open will fail.  The failed open will not
     * indicate that the device is mounted, only that it's busy
     */
    if (_dev_mounted(real_name)) {
        if (U_flag) {
            if (!_dev_unmount(real_name)) {
                (void) fprintf(stderr,
                    gettext("%s: umount of %s failed\n"),
                myname, real_name);
                exit(1);
            }
        } else {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                gettext("%s: %s is mounted (use -U flag)\n"),
                myname, real_name);
            exit(1);
        }
    }

    /* Set to user access permissions to open file */
    (void) seteuid(getuid());

    if ((fd = open(real_name, O_NDELAY | O_RDWR | O_EXCL)) == -1) {
        if (errno == EROFS) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                gettext("%s: \"%s\" is write protected\n"),
                myname, real_name);
            exit(1);
        }
        /* XXX ought to check for "drive not installed", etc. */
        (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("%s: could not open \"%s\": "),
            myname, real_name);
        perror(nullstring);
        exit(1);
    }

    /* restore effective id */
    (void) seteuid(euid);

    if (ioctl(fd, DKIOCINFO, &dkinfo) < 0) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: DKIOCINFO failed, "), myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        exit(3);
    }

    /* See if there are any mounted partitions. */
    if (check_mount() != 0) {
            exit(3);
    }

    /*
     * The fd_vtoc, bpb, and rdirsec structures will be
     * partially filled in by format_diskette().
     * This was done so that write_DOS_label(),
     * write_SunOS_label(), and write_NEC_DOS_label() could be
     * device independent.  If a new device needs to be added to
     * fdformat, a new format function like format_diskette should
     * be added.  This function should fill in fd_vtoc, bpb, and
     * rdirsec with device dependent information.
     */
    (void) memset((void *)&fd_vtoc, (char)0, sizeof (struct vtoc));
    (void) memset((void *)&bpb, (char)0, sizeof (struct  bios_param_blk));

    format_diskette(fd, real_name, &fd_vtoc, &bpb, &rdirsec);

    if (d_flag)
        write_DOS_label(fd, altboot, altsize, altbootname,
                vollabel, &bpb, rdirsec);
    else if (n_flag)
        write_NEC_DOS_label(fd, vollabel);
    else
        write_SunOS_label(fd, vollabel, &fd_vtoc);

    if (e_flag)
        /* eject media if possible */
        if (ioctl(fd, FDEJECT, 0)) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                gettext("%s: could not eject diskette, "), myname);
            perror(nullstring);
            exit(3);
        }

    return (0);
}

/*
 * Inputs: file descriptor for the device and the device name.
 * Oututs: the fd_vtoc will be partially filled in with the
 *         device specific information such as partition
 *         information and ascillabel. bpb and rdirsec will
 *     also be partially filled in with device specific information
 */
void
format_diskette(int fd, char *real_name, struct vtoc *fd_vtoc,
                struct  bios_param_blk *bpb, int *rdirsec)
{
    int transfer_rate = 1000;   /* transfer rate code */
    int sec_size = 512;     /* sector size */
    uchar_t gap = 0x54;     /* format gap size */
    uchar_t *fbuf, *p;
    char    *capacity = NULL;
    int cyl_size;
    int i;
    int chgd;           /* for testing disk changed/present */
    int cyl, hd;
    int size_of_part, size_of_dev;
    int spt = 36;       /* sectors per track */
    int drive_size;
    uchar_t num_cyl = 80;       /*  max number of cylinders */
    char    *nullstring = "";
    struct fd_char save_fdchar; /* original diskette characteristics */
    struct dk_allmap save_allmap;   /* original diskette partition info */

    /* FDRAW ioctl command structures for seeking and formatting */
    struct fd_raw fdr_seek = {
        FDRAW_SEEK, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
        3,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
        0,
        0
    };

    struct fd_raw fdr_form = {
        0x4D, 0, 2, 0, 0x54, (char)0xA5, 0, 0, 0, 0,
        6,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
        0,  /* nbytes */
        0   /* addr */
    };


    /*
     * restore drive to default geometry and characteristics
     * (probably not implemented on sparc)
     */
    (void) ioctl(fd, FDDEFGEOCHAR, NULL);

    /* get the default partititon maps */
    if (ioctl(fd, DKIOCGAPART, &allmap) == -1) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: DKIOCGAPART failed, "), myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        exit(3);
    }

    /* Save the original default partition maps */
    save_allmap = allmap;

    /* find out the characteristics of the default diskette */
    if (ioctl(fd, FDIOGCHAR, &fdchar) == -1) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: FDIOGCHAR failed, "), myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        exit(3);
    }

    /* Save the original characteristics of the default diskette */
    save_fdchar = fdchar;

    /*
     * The user may only format the entire diskette.
     * formatting partion a or b is not allowed
     */
    size_of_part = allmap.dka_map[dkinfo.dki_partition].dkl_nblk
            * DEV_BSIZE;
    size_of_dev = fdchar.fdc_ncyl * fdchar.fdc_nhead
            * fdchar.fdc_secptrack * fdchar.fdc_sec_size;

    if (size_of_part != size_of_dev) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            /*CSTYLED*/
            gettext("%s: The entire diskette must be formatted. Invalid device name.\n"),
            myname);
        exit(3);
    }


    /* find out the geometry of the drive */
    if (ioctl(fd, DKIOCGGEOM, &fdgeom) == -1) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: DKIOCGGEOM failed, "), myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        exit(3);
    }

#ifdef sparc
    fdchar.fdc_medium = 3;
#endif
    if (fdchar.fdc_medium == 5)
        drive_size = 5;
    else
        drive_size = 3;

    /*
     * set proper density flag in case we're formating to default
     * characteristics because no density switch was input
     */
    if ((E_flag | H_flag | D_flag | m_flag) == 0) {
        switch (fdchar.fdc_transfer_rate) {
        case 1000:
            /* assumes only ED uses 1.0 MB/sec */
            E_flag++;
            break;
        case 500:
        default:
            /*
             * default to HD even though High density and
             * "medium" density both use 500 KB/sec
             */
            H_flag++;
            break;
#ifndef sparc
        case 250:
            /* assumes only DD uses 250 KB/sec */
            D_flag++;
            break;
#endif
        }
    }

    if (H_flag) {
        transfer_rate = 500;
        num_cyl = 80;
        sec_size = 512;
        if (drive_size == 5) {
            (void) strcpy(fd_vtoc->v_asciilabel,
                "5.25\" floppy cyl 80 alt 0 hd 2 sec 15");
            spt = 15;
            capacity = "1.2 MB";
        } else {
            (void) strcpy(fd_vtoc->v_asciilabel,
                "3.5\" floppy cyl 80 alt 0 hd 2 sec 18");
            spt = 18;
            capacity = "1.44 MB";
        }
        gap = 0x54;
    } else if (D_flag) {
        transfer_rate = 250;
        if (drive_size == 5) {
            (void) strcpy(fd_vtoc->v_asciilabel,
                "5.25\" floppy cyl 40 alt 0 hd 2 sec 9");
            if (fdchar.fdc_transfer_rate == 500) {
                /*
                 * formatting a 360KB DD diskette in
                 * a 1.2MB drive is not a good idea
                 */
                transfer_rate = 300;
                fdchar.fdc_steps = 2;
            }
            num_cyl = 40;
            gap = 0x50;
            capacity = "360 KB";
        } else {
            (void) strcpy(fd_vtoc->v_asciilabel,
                "3.5\" floppy cyl 80 alt 0 hd 2 sec 9");
            num_cyl = 80;
            gap = 0x54;
            capacity = "720 KB";
        }
        sec_size = 512;
        spt = 9;
    } else if (m_flag) {
#ifdef sparc
        transfer_rate = 500;
#else
        /*
         * 416.67 KB/sec is the effective transfer rate of a "medium"
         * density diskette spun at 300 rpm instead of 360 rpm
         */
        transfer_rate = 417;
#endif
        (void) strcpy(fd_vtoc->v_asciilabel,
                "3.5\" floppy cyl 77 alt 0 hd 2 sec 8");
        num_cyl = 77;
        sec_size = 1024;
        spt = 8;
        gap = 0x74;
        capacity = "1.2 MB";
    } else if (E_flag) {
        (void) strcpy(fd_vtoc->v_asciilabel,
                "3.5\" floppy cyl 80 alt 0 hd 2 sec 36");
        transfer_rate = 1000;
        num_cyl = 80;
        sec_size = 512;
        spt = 36;
        gap = 0x54;
        capacity = "2.88 MB";
    }
    /*
     * Medium density diskettes have 1024 byte blocks.  The dk_map
     * structure in dklabel.h assumes the blocks size is DEVBSIZE (512)
     * bytes.  The dkl_nblk field is in terms of DEVBSIZE byte blocks
     * while the spt variable is in terms of the true block size on
     * the diskette.
     */
    if (allmap.dka_map[2].dkl_nblk !=
            (2 * num_cyl * spt * (m_flag ? 2 : 1))) {
        allmap.dka_map[1].dkl_cylno = num_cyl - 1;
        allmap.dka_map[0].dkl_nblk = 2 * (num_cyl - 1) * spt *
                            (m_flag ? 2 : 1);
        allmap.dka_map[1].dkl_nblk = 2 * spt * (m_flag ? 2 : 1);
        allmap.dka_map[2].dkl_nblk = 2 * num_cyl * spt *
                            (m_flag ? 2 : 1);
        if (allmap.dka_map[3].dkl_nblk)
            allmap.dka_map[3].dkl_nblk = 2 * (num_cyl - 1) * spt *
                            (m_flag ? 2 : 1);
        if (allmap.dka_map[4].dkl_nblk)
            allmap.dka_map[4].dkl_nblk =
                    2 * spt * (m_flag ? 2 : 1);
    }


    /* initialize the vtoc structure */
    fd_vtoc->v_nparts = 3;

    fd_vtoc->v_part[0].p_start = 0;
    fd_vtoc->v_part[0].p_size = ((num_cyl - 1) * 2 * spt *
                            (m_flag ? 2 : 1));
    fd_vtoc->v_part[1].p_start = ((num_cyl - 1) * 2 * spt *
                            (m_flag ? 2 : 1));
    fd_vtoc->v_part[1].p_size = 2 * spt * (m_flag ? 2 : 1);

    fd_vtoc->v_part[2].p_start = 0;
    fd_vtoc->v_part[2].p_size = num_cyl * 2 * spt * (m_flag ? 2 : 1);

    /* initialize the bios parameter blockstructure */
    bpb->b_nfat = 2;
    if (E_flag && drive_size == 3) {
        bpb->b_spcl = 2;
        *rdirsec = (ushort_t)240;
        bpb->b_mediadescriptor = (char)0xF0;
        bpb->b_fatsec[0] = 9;
        bpb->b_fatsec[1] = 0;
    } else if (H_flag) {
        if (drive_size == 5) {
            bpb->b_spcl = 1;
            *rdirsec = 224;
            bpb->b_mediadescriptor = (char)0xF9;
            bpb->b_fatsec[0] = 7;
            bpb->b_fatsec[1] = 0;
        } else {
            bpb->b_spcl = 1;
            *rdirsec = 224;
            bpb->b_mediadescriptor = (char)0xF0;
            bpb->b_fatsec[0] = 9;
            bpb->b_fatsec[1] = 0;
        }
    } else if (drive_size == 5) {
        bpb->b_spcl = 2;
        *rdirsec = 112;
        bpb->b_mediadescriptor = (char)0xFD;
        bpb->b_fatsec[0] = 2;
        bpb->b_fatsec[1] = 0;
    } else if (drive_size == 3) {
        bpb->b_spcl = 2;
        *rdirsec = 112;
        bpb->b_mediadescriptor = (char)0xF9;
        bpb->b_fatsec[0] = 3;
        bpb->b_fatsec[1] = 0;
    }


#ifndef sparc
    if (num_cyl > fdchar.fdc_ncyl || spt > fdchar.fdc_secptrack ||
        transfer_rate > fdchar.fdc_transfer_rate) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: drive not capable of requested density, "),
            myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        exit(3);
    }
#endif
    if (num_cyl != fdchar.fdc_ncyl || spt != fdchar.fdc_secptrack ||
        transfer_rate != fdchar.fdc_transfer_rate) {
        /*
         * -- CAUTION --
         * The SPARC fd driver is using a non-zero value in
         * fdc_medium to indicate the 360 rpm, 77 track,
         * 9 sectors/track, 1024 bytes/sector mode of operation
         * (similar to an 8", DS/DD, 1.2 MB floppy).
         *
         * The x86 fd driver uses fdc_medium as the diameter
         * indicator, either 3 or 5.  It should not be modified.
         */
#ifdef sparc
        fdchar.fdc_medium = m_flag ? 1 : 0;
#endif
        fdchar.fdc_transfer_rate = transfer_rate;
        fdchar.fdc_ncyl = num_cyl;
        fdchar.fdc_sec_size = sec_size;
        fdchar.fdc_secptrack = spt;

        if (ioctl(fd, FDIOSCHAR, &fdchar) == -1) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
                "%s: FDIOSCHAR (density selection) failed, "),
                myname);

            /* restore the default characteristics */
            restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar, save_allmap);
            perror(nullstring);
            exit(3);
        }
        if (ioctl(fd, DKIOCSAPART, &allmap) == -1) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                gettext("%s: DKIOCSAPART failed, "),
                myname);

            /* restore the default characteristics */
            restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar, save_allmap);

            perror(nullstring);
            exit(3);
        }
    }

    if (interleave != 1 && interleave != fdgeom.dkg_intrlv) {
        fdgeom.dkg_intrlv = interleave;
        if (ioctl(fd, DKIOCSGEOM, &fdgeom) == -1) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                gettext("%s: DKIOCSGEOM failed, "), myname);
            perror(nullstring);

            /* restore the default characteristics */
            restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar, save_allmap);

            exit(3);
        }
    }

    cyl_size = 2 * sec_size * spt;

    if ((ibuf1 = (uchar_t *)malloc((size_t)cyl_size)) == 0 ||
        (obuf = (uchar_t *)malloc((size_t)cyl_size)) == 0) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: can't malloc verify buffer, "),
            myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        /* restore the default characteristics */
        restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar, save_allmap);

        exit(4);
    }
    (void) memset(ibuf1, (uchar_t)0xA5, cyl_size);

    if (x_flag)
        goto skipformat;

    if (!(q_flag && f_flag)) {
        if (interleave != 1) {
            (void) printf(gettext(
"Formatting %s, %d cylinders, %d sectors per trk, interleave=%d in %s\n"),
                capacity, num_cyl, spt, interleave, real_name);
        } else {
            (void) printf(gettext("Formatting %s in %s\n"),
                capacity, real_name);
        }
    }
    if (!f_flag) {
        (void) printf(
            gettext("Press return to start formatting floppy."));
        while (getchar() != '\n')
            ;
    }
    /*
     * for those systems that support this ioctl, they will
     * return whether or not a diskette is in the drive.
     */
    if (ioctl(fd, FDGETCHANGE, &chgd) == 0) {
        if (chgd & FDGC_CURRENT) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                gettext("%s: no diskette in drive %s\n"),
                myname, real_name);

            /* restore the default characteristics */
            restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar, save_allmap);

            exit(4);
        }
        if (chgd & FDGC_CURWPROT) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                gettext("%s: \"%s\" is write protected\n"),
                myname, real_name);

            /* restore the default characteristics */
            restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar, save_allmap);

            exit(1);
        }
    }

    if ((fbuf = (uchar_t *)malloc((unsigned)(4 * spt))) == 0) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: can't malloc format header buffer, "),
            myname);
        perror(nullstring);

        /* restore the default characteristics */
        restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar, save_allmap);

        exit(3);
    }
    /*
     * do the format, a track at a time
     */
    for (cyl = 0; cyl < (z_flag ? 1 : (int)num_cyl); cyl++) {
        /*
         * This is not the optimal ioctl to format the floppy.
         * The device driver should do do the work,
         * instead of this program mucking with a lot
         * of low-level, device-dependent code.
         */
        fdr_seek.fdr_cmd[2] = cyl;
        if (ioctl(fd, FDRAW, &fdr_seek) == -1) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                gettext("%s: seek to cyl %d failed\n"),
                myname, cyl);

            /* restore the default characteristics */
            restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar, save_allmap);

            exit(3);
        }
        /*
         * Assume that the fd driver has issued a SENSE_INT
         * command to complete the seek operation.
         */
        for (hd = 0; hd < fdchar.fdc_nhead; hd++) {
            p = (uchar_t *)fbuf;
            for (i = 1; i <= spt; i++) {
                *p++ = cyl;
                *p++ = hd;
                *p++ = i; /* sector # */
                *p++ = (sec_size == 1024) ? 3 : 2;
            }
            /*
             * ASSUME the fd driver is going to set drive-select
             * bits in the second command byte
             */
            fdr_form.fdr_cmd[1] = hd << 2;
            fdr_form.fdr_cmd[2] = (sec_size == 1024) ? 3 : 2;
            fdr_form.fdr_cmd[3] = spt;
            fdr_form.fdr_cmd[4] = gap;
            fdr_form.fdr_nbytes = 4 * spt;
            fdr_form.fdr_addr = (char *)fbuf;

            if (ioctl(fd, FDRAW, &fdr_form) == -1) {


                (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
                    "%s: format of cyl %d head %d failed\n"),
                    myname, cyl, hd);

                /* restore the default characteristics */
                restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar,
                            save_allmap);

                exit(3);
            }
            if (fdr_form.fdr_result[0] & 0xC0) {
                if (fdr_form.fdr_result[1] & 0x02) {
                    (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
                    /*CSTYLED*/
                    "%s: diskette is write protected\n"),
                        myname);

                    /*
                     * restore the default
                     * characteristics
                     */
                    restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar,
                            save_allmap);

                    exit(3);
                }
                (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
                    "%s: format of cyl %d head %d failed\n"),
                    myname, cyl, hd);

                /* restore the default characteristics */
                restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar,
                            save_allmap);

                exit(3);
            }

        }

        /*
         *  do a quick verify
         */
        if (!v_flag) {
            if (lseek(fd, cyl * cyl_size, 0) != cyl * cyl_size) {
                (void) fprintf(stderr,
                    gettext("%s: bad seek to format verify, "),
                    myname);
                perror(nullstring);
                /* restore the default characteristics */
                restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar,
                            save_allmap);

                exit(3);
            }
            if (read(fd, obuf, cyl_size) == cyl_size) {
                /* write some progress msg */
                /* when each cylinder is done. */
                if (!q_flag)
                    (void) printf(".");
            } else {
                if (!q_flag)
                    (void) printf(gettext("e\n"));
                (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
                    "%s: can't read format data, "), myname);
                perror(nullstring);
                /* restore the default characteristics */
                restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar,
                            save_allmap);

                exit(3);
            }
        } else
            if (!q_flag)
                (void) printf(".");
        if (!q_flag)
            (void) fflush(stdout);
    }
    if (!q_flag)
        (void) printf("\n");
skipformat:
    if (v_flag) {
        /*
         *  do a write & read verify of the entire diskette
         */
        if (!q_flag && x_flag)
            (void) printf(gettext("Verifying %s in %s\n"),
                capacity, real_name);

        for (cyl = 0; cyl < (int)num_cyl; cyl++) {

            int val;
            if ((val = verify(fd, 2 * spt * cyl, cyl_size)) != 0) {
                perror(nullstring);

                /* restore the default characteristics */
                restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar,
                        save_allmap);

                exit(val);

            }
            /* write some progress msg as */
            /* each cylinder is done. */
            if (!q_flag)
                (void) printf(gettext("v"));
            (void) fflush(stdout);
        }
        if (!q_flag)
            (void) printf("\n");
    }

    if (lseek(fd, (off_t)0, 0) != 0) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("%s: seek to blk 0 failed, "),
            myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        /* restore the default characteristics */
        restore_default_chars(fd, save_fdchar, save_allmap);

        exit(3);
    }

}


/*
 * Restore the default characteristics of the floppy diskette.
 * Fdformat changes the characteristics in the process of formatting.
 * If fdformat fails while in the process of doing the format, fdformat
 * should clean up after itself and reset the driver back to the original
 * state.
 */

static void
restore_default_chars(int fd,
            struct fd_char save_fdchar,
            struct dk_allmap save_allmap)
{


    /*
     * When this function is called, fdformat is failing anyways,
     * so the errors are not processed.
     */

    (void) ioctl(fd, FDIOSCHAR, &save_fdchar);

    (void) ioctl(fd, DKIOCSAPART, &save_allmap);

    /*
     * Before looking at the diskette's characteristics, format_diskette()
     * sets the x86 floppy driver to the default characteristics.
     * restore drive to default geometry and
     * characteristics.  This ioctl isn't implemented on
     * sparc.
     */
    (void) ioctl(fd, FDDEFGEOCHAR, NULL);

}

/*
 * See if any partitions on the device are mounted.  Return 1 if a partition is
 * mounted.  Return 0 otherwise.
 */
static int
check_mount()
{
    FILE    *fp = NULL;
    int mfd;
    struct dk_cinfo dkinfo_tmp;
    struct mnttab   mnt_record;
    struct mnttab   *mp = &mnt_record;
    struct stat stbuf;
    char        raw_device[MAXPATHLEN];
    int found = 0;

    if ((fp = fopen(MNTTAB, "r")) == NULL) {
        perror(MNTTAB);
        exit(3);
    }

    while (getmntent(fp, mp) == 0) {
        if (strstr(mp->mnt_special, "/dev/fd") == NULL &&
            strstr(mp->mnt_special, "/dev/disket") == NULL &&
            strstr(mp->mnt_special, "/dev/c") == NULL) {
            continue;
        }

        (void) strcpy(raw_device, "/dev/r");
        (void) strcat(raw_device, mp->mnt_special + strlen("/dev/"));

        /*
         * Attempt to open the device.  If it fails, skip it.
         */
        if ((mfd = open(raw_device, O_RDWR | O_NDELAY)) < 0) {
            continue;
        }

        /*
         * Must be a character device
         */
        if (fstat(mfd, &stbuf) == -1 || !S_ISCHR(stbuf.st_mode)) {
            (void) close(mfd);
            continue;
        }
        /*
         * Attempt to read the configuration info on the disk.
         */
        if (ioctl(mfd, DKIOCINFO, &dkinfo_tmp) < 0) {
            (void) close(mfd);
            continue;
        }
        /*
         * Finished with the opened device
         */
        (void) close(mfd);

        /*
         * If it's not the disk we're interested in, it doesn't apply.
         */
        if (dkinfo.dki_ctype != dkinfo_tmp.dki_ctype ||
            dkinfo.dki_cnum != dkinfo_tmp.dki_cnum ||
            dkinfo.dki_unit != dkinfo_tmp.dki_unit) {
                continue;
        }
        /*
         * It's a mount on the disk we're checking.  If we are
         * checking whole disk, then we found trouble.  We can
         * quit searching.
         */

        if (U_flag) {
            if (!_dev_unmount(mp->mnt_special)) {
                    (void) fprintf(stderr,
                    gettext("%s: umount of %s failed\n"),
                    myname, mp->mnt_special);
                found = 1;
            }
        } else {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                gettext("%s: %s is mounted (use -U flag)\n"),
                myname, mp->mnt_special);
            found = 1;
        }
    }
    return (found);
}

static void
usage(char *str)
{
char    *real_name, *alias_name;

    if ((real_name = media_findname("floppy")) == NULL) {
        if ((alias_name = _media_oldaliases("floppy")) != NULL)
            real_name = media_findname(alias_name);
    }

    if (str[0] != ' ')
        (void) printf("%s: %s\n", myname, str);
    (void) printf(gettext(
/*CSTYLED*/
"\n   usage: %s [-dDeEfHlLmMqUvx] [-b label] [-B file] [-t dostype] [devname]\n"),
        myname);

    (void) printf(gettext(
/*CSTYLED*/
        "      -b label install \"label\" on media\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
        "      -B file  install special boot loader on MS-DOS media\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
/*CSTYLED*/
        "      -d       format MS-DOS media\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
/*CSTYLED*/
"      -D       format 720KB (3.5\") or 360KB (5.25\") Double-density diskette\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
        "      -e       eject the media when done\n"));
/*CSTYLED*/
    (void) printf(gettext(
/*CSTYLED*/
        "      -E       format 2.88MB (3.5\") Extended-density diskette\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
        "      -f       \"force\" - don't wait for confirmation\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
/*CSTYLED*/
"      -H       format 1.44MB (3.5\") or 1.2MB (5.25\") High-density diskette\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
/*CSTYLED*/
"      -l       format 720KB (3.5\") or 360KB (5.25\") Double-density diskette\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
/*CSTYLED*/
"      -L       format 720KB (3.5\") or 360KB (5.25\") Double-density diskette\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
        "      -m       format 1.2MB (3.5\") Medium-density diskette\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
        "      -M       format 1.2MB (3.5\") Medium-density diskette\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
        "      -q       quiet\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
/*CSTYLED*/
        "      -t dos   format MS-DOS media (same as -d)\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
        "      -t nec   format NEC-DOS media (with -M only)\n"));
(void) printf(gettext(
/*CSTYLED*/
        "      -U       unmount media if it's mounted\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
        "      -v       verify each block of the media\n"));
    (void) printf(gettext(
"      -x       skip the format, only install SunOS or DOS label\n"));

    (void) printf(gettext(
        "      devname defaults to '%s'\n"),
        real_name ? real_name : gettext("no available default device"));

    exit(1);

}


static int
verify(int fd, int blk, int len)
{
    off_t   off;
    char    *nullstring = "";

    off = (off_t)(blk * (m_flag ? 1024 : 512));

    if (lseek(fd, off, 0) != off) {
        if (!q_flag)
            (void) printf(gettext("e\n"));
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: can't seek to write verify, "), myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        return (4);
    }
    if (write(fd, ibuf1, len) != len) {
        if (!q_flag)
            (void) printf(gettext("e\n"));
        if (blk == 0)
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                gettext("%s: check diskette density, "),
                myname);
        else
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                gettext("%s: can't write verify data, "),
                myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        return (4);
    }

    if (lseek(fd, off, 0) != off) {
        if (!q_flag)
            (void) printf(gettext("e\n"));
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: bad seek to read verify, "),
            myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        return (4);
    }
    if (read(fd, obuf, len) != len) {
        if (!q_flag)
            (void) printf(gettext("e\n"));
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: can't read verify data, "), myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        return (4);
    }
    if (memcmp(ibuf1, obuf, len)) {
        if (!q_flag)
            (void) printf(gettext("e\n"));
        (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("%s: verify data failure\n"),
            myname);
        return (4);
    }
    return (0);
}

/*
 *  write a SunOS label
 *  NOTE:  this function assumes fd_vtoc has been filled in with the
 *  device specific information such as partition information
 *  and the asciilabel
 */
static void
write_SunOS_label(int fd, char *volname, struct vtoc *fd_vtoc)
{
    char    *nullstring = "";

    fd_vtoc->v_sanity = VTOC_SANE;

    /*
     * The label structure is set up for DEV_BSIZE (512 byte) blocks,
     * even though a medium density diskette has 1024 byte blocks
     * See dklabel.h for more details.
     */
    fd_vtoc->v_sectorsz = DEV_BSIZE;

    (void) strncpy(fd_vtoc->v_volume, volname, sizeof (fd_vtoc->v_volume));

    /* let the fd driver finish constructing the label and writing it */
    if (ioctl(fd, DKIOCSVTOC, fd_vtoc) == -1) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: write of SunOS label failed, "), myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        exit(3);
    }

}


/*
 *  MS-DOS Disk layout:
 *
 *  ---------------------
 *  |    Boot sector    |
 *  |-------------------|
 *  |   Reserved area   |
 *  |-------------------|
 *  |   FAT #1      |
 *  |-------------------|
 *  |   FAT #2      |
 *  |-------------------|
 *  |   Root directory  |
 *  |-------------------|
 *  |                   |
 *  |     File area     |
 *  |___________________|
 */

/*
 * The following is a copy of MS-DOS 3.3 boot block.
 * It consists of the BIOS parameter block, and a disk
 * bootstrap program.
 *
 * The BIOS parameter block contains the right values
 * for the 3.5" high-density 1.44MB floppy format.
 *
 */
static uchar_t bootsec[512] = {
    0xeb, 0x34, 0x90,   /* 8086 short jump + displacement + NOP */
    'M', 'S', 'D', 'O', 'S', '3', '.', '3', /* OEM name & version */
    0, 2, 1, 1, 0,      /* Start of BIOS parameter block */
    2, 224, 0, 0x40, 0xb, 0xf0, 9, 0,
    18, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0,  /* End of BIOS parameter block */
    0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0,
    0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x12,
    0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0,
    0x1, 0x0, 0xfa, 0x33,   /* 0x34, start of the bootstrap. */
    0xc0, 0x8e, 0xd0, 0xbc, 0x0, 0x7c, 0x16, 0x7,
    0xbb, 0x78, 0x0, 0x36, 0xc5, 0x37, 0x1e, 0x56,
    0x16, 0x53, 0xbf, 0x2b, 0x7c, 0xb9, 0xb, 0x0,
    0xfc, 0xac, 0x26, 0x80, 0x3d, 0x0, 0x74, 0x3,
    0x26, 0x8a, 0x5, 0xaa, 0x8a, 0xc4, 0xe2, 0xf1,
    0x6, 0x1f, 0x89, 0x47, 0x2, 0xc7, 0x7, 0x2b,
    0x7c, 0xfb, 0xcd, 0x13, 0x72, 0x67, 0xa0, 0x10,
    0x7c, 0x98, 0xf7, 0x26, 0x16, 0x7c, 0x3, 0x6,
    0x1c, 0x7c, 0x3, 0x6, 0xe, 0x7c, 0xa3, 0x3f,
    0x7c, 0xa3, 0x37, 0x7c, 0xb8, 0x20, 0x0, 0xf7,
    0x26, 0x11, 0x7c, 0x8b, 0x1e, 0xb, 0x7c, 0x3,
    0xc3, 0x48, 0xf7, 0xf3, 0x1, 0x6, 0x37, 0x7c,
    0xbb, 0x0, 0x5, 0xa1, 0x3f, 0x7c, 0xe8, 0x9f,
    0x0, 0xb8, 0x1, 0x2, 0xe8, 0xb3, 0x0, 0x72,
    0x19, 0x8b, 0xfb, 0xb9, 0xb, 0x0, 0xbe, 0xd6,
    0x7d, 0xf3, 0xa6, 0x75, 0xd, 0x8d, 0x7f, 0x20,
    0xbe, 0xe1, 0x7d, 0xb9, 0xb, 0x0, 0xf3, 0xa6,
    0x74, 0x18, 0xbe, 0x77, 0x7d, 0xe8, 0x6a, 0x0,
    0x32, 0xe4, 0xcd, 0x16, 0x5e, 0x1f, 0x8f, 0x4,
    0x8f, 0x44, 0x2, 0xcd, 0x19, 0xbe, 0xc0, 0x7d,
    0xeb, 0xeb, 0xa1, 0x1c, 0x5, 0x33, 0xd2, 0xf7,
    0x36, 0xb, 0x7c, 0xfe, 0xc0, 0xa2, 0x3c, 0x7c,
    0xa1, 0x37, 0x7c, 0xa3, 0x3d, 0x7c, 0xbb, 0x0,
    0x7, 0xa1, 0x37, 0x7c, 0xe8, 0x49, 0x0, 0xa1,
    0x18, 0x7c, 0x2a, 0x6, 0x3b, 0x7c, 0x40, 0x38,
    0x6, 0x3c, 0x7c, 0x73, 0x3, 0xa0, 0x3c, 0x7c,
    0x50, 0xe8, 0x4e, 0x0, 0x58, 0x72, 0xc6, 0x28,
    0x6, 0x3c, 0x7c, 0x74, 0xc, 0x1, 0x6, 0x37,
    0x7c, 0xf7, 0x26, 0xb, 0x7c, 0x3, 0xd8, 0xeb,
    0xd0, 0x8a, 0x2e, 0x15, 0x7c, 0x8a, 0x16, 0xfd,
    0x7d, 0x8b, 0x1e, 0x3d, 0x7c, 0xea, 0x0, 0x0,
    0x70, 0x0, 0xac, 0xa, 0xc0, 0x74, 0x22, 0xb4,
    0xe, 0xbb, 0x7, 0x0, 0xcd, 0x10, 0xeb, 0xf2,
    0x33, 0xd2, 0xf7, 0x36, 0x18, 0x7c, 0xfe, 0xc2,
    0x88, 0x16, 0x3b, 0x7c, 0x33, 0xd2, 0xf7, 0x36,
    0x1a, 0x7c, 0x88, 0x16, 0x2a, 0x7c, 0xa3, 0x39,
    0x7c, 0xc3, 0xb4, 0x2, 0x8b, 0x16, 0x39, 0x7c,
    0xb1, 0x6, 0xd2, 0xe6, 0xa, 0x36, 0x3b, 0x7c,
    0x8b, 0xca, 0x86, 0xe9, 0x8a, 0x16, 0xfd, 0x7d,
    0x8a, 0x36, 0x2a, 0x7c, 0xcd, 0x13, 0xc3, '\r',
    '\n', 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 'S', 'y', 's',
    't', 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k',
    ' ', 'o', 'r', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k',
    ' ', 'e', 'r', 'r', 'o', 'r', '\r', '\n',
    'R', 'e', 'p', 'l', 'a', 'c', 'e', ' ',
    'a', 'n', 'd', ' ', 's', 't', 'r', 'i',
    'k', 'e', ' ', 'a', 'n', 'y', ' ', 'k',
    'e', 'y', ' ', 'w', 'h', 'e', 'n', ' ',
    'r', 'e', 'a', 'd', 'y', '\r', '\n', '\0',
    '\r', '\n', 'D', 'i', 's', 'k', ' ', 'B',
    'o', 'o', 't', ' ', 'f', 'a', 'i', 'l',
    'u', 'r', 'e', '\r', '\n', '\0', 'I', 'O',
    ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', 'S', 'Y',
    'S', 'M', 'S', 'D', 'O', 'S', ' ', ' ',
    ' ', 'S', 'Y', 'S', '\0', 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0x55, 0xaa
};

static int
valid_DOS_boot(char *bootfile, uchar_t **bootloadp)
{
    struct  stat status;
    size_t  sizebootldr;
    uchar_t *bootloader;
    int bfd;
    int boot_size = 0;
    int err;
    char    *nullstring = "";

    if ((err = stat(bootfile, &status)) != 0) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("%s: \"%s\" stat error %d\n"),
            myname, bootfile, err);
        return (0);
    }
    if ((boot_size = status.st_size) < 512) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: short boot sector"), myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        return (0);
    }
    sizebootldr = (boot_size + 511) / 512 * 512;
    if ((bootloader = (uchar_t *)malloc((size_t)sizebootldr)) == NULL) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("%s: malloc error\n"),
            myname);
        return (0);
    }

    /* switch to user to access the boot file */
    (void) seteuid(getuid());

    if ((bfd = open(bootfile, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("%s: could not open \"%s\": "),
            myname, bootfile);
        perror(nullstring);
        return (0);
    }

    /* restore effective id */
    (void) seteuid(euid);

    if (read(bfd, bootloader, boot_size) != boot_size) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: read of MS-DOS boot file failed, "), myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        (void) close(bfd);
        return (0);
    }

    if (!((*bootloader == 0xE9 ||
        (*bootloader == 0xEB && *(bootloader + 2) == 0x90)) &&
        *(bootloader + 510) == 0x55 &&
        *(bootloader + 511) == 0xAA)) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: invalid MS-DOS boot loader image\n"), myname);
        boot_size = 0;
    }

    (void) close(bfd);
    *bootloadp = bootloader;
    return (boot_size);
}


static void
write_DOS_label(int fd, uchar_t *bootloadr, int bootlen, char *altbootname,
    char *doslabel, struct  bios_param_blk *bpb, int rdirsec)
{
    int     i, j;
    int     bootclen;
    size_t      fat_bsize;
    ushort_t    totalsec;
    uchar_t     *fat_rdir;
    uchar_t     *fatptr;
    char        *nullstring = "";

    if (bootlen < 512 || !bootloadr) {
        /* use default boot loader routine */
        bootloadr = bootsec;
        bootlen = 512;
    } else
        (void) printf
            (gettext("%s: using \"%s\" for MS-DOS boot loader\n"),
            myname, altbootname);
    if (bootlen % 512 > 0)
        bootlen = (bootlen + 511) / 512 * 512;

    bpb->b_bps[0] = getlobyte(512);
    bpb->b_bps[1] = gethibyte(512);
    /* MS-DOS 5.0 supports only 1 reserved sector :-( */
    bpb->b_res_sec[0] = 1;
    bpb->b_res_sec[1] = 0;

    totalsec = fdchar.fdc_ncyl * fdchar.fdc_nhead * fdchar.fdc_secptrack;
    bpb->b_totalsec[0] = getlobyte(totalsec);
    bpb->b_totalsec[1] = gethibyte(totalsec);
    bpb->b_spt[0] = fdchar.fdc_secptrack;
    bpb->b_spt[1] = 0;
    bpb->b_nhead[0] = fdchar.fdc_nhead;
    bpb->b_nhead[1] = 0;
    bpb->b_hiddensec[0] = 0;
    bpb->b_hiddensec[1] = 0;

    bpb->b_rdirents[0] = getlobyte(rdirsec);
    bpb->b_rdirents[1] = gethibyte(rdirsec);

    (void) memcpy((char *)(bootloadr + 0x0B), (char *)bpb,
                    sizeof (struct  bios_param_blk));

    if (write(fd, bootloadr, 512) != 512) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: write of MS-DOS boot sector failed"), myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        exit(3);
    }
    bootloadr += 512;
    bootlen -= 512;

    fat_bsize = 512 * bpb->b_fatsec[0];
    fat_rdir = (uchar_t *)malloc(fat_bsize);
    (void) memset(fat_rdir, (char)0, fat_bsize);

    *fat_rdir = bpb->b_mediadescriptor;
    *(fat_rdir + 1) = 0xFF;
    *(fat_rdir + 2) = 0xFF;
    bootclen = (bootlen + 512 * (int)bpb->b_spcl - 1) /
        (512 * (int)bpb->b_spcl);
#define BAD_CLUSTER 0xFF7
    for (i = 0, fatptr = fat_rdir+3; i < bootclen; i++)
        /*
         * pre-allocate any clusters used by boot loader if
         * loader will occupy more than 1 sector
         */
        if (!(i & 01)) {
            *fatptr++ = BAD_CLUSTER & 0xFF;
            *fatptr = (BAD_CLUSTER >> 8) & 0x0F;
        } else {
            *fatptr = (*fatptr & 0x0F) |
                ((BAD_CLUSTER << 4) & 0xF0);
            fatptr++;
            *fatptr++ = (BAD_CLUSTER >> 4) & 0xFF;
        }
    for (i = 0; i < (int)bpb->b_nfat; ++i)
        if (write(fd, fat_rdir, fat_bsize) != fat_bsize) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
gettext("%s: write of MS-DOS File Allocation Table failed, "),
                myname);
            perror(nullstring);
            exit(3);
        }
    rdirsec = bpb->b_rdirents[0];
    rdirsec = 32 * (int)rdirsec / 512;
    if (b_flag) {
        struct  timeval tv;
        struct  tm  *tp;
        ushort_t    dostime;
        ushort_t    dosday;

        /* the label can be no more than 11 characters */
        j = min(11, (int)strlen(doslabel));
        for (i = 0; i < j; i++) {
            fat_rdir[i] = uppercase(doslabel[i]);
        }
        for (; i < 11; i++) {
            fat_rdir[i] = ' ';
        }
        fat_rdir[0x0B] = 0x28;
        (void) gettimeofday(&tv, (struct timezone *)0);
        tp = localtime(&tv.tv_sec);
        /* get the time & day into DOS format */
        dostime = tp->tm_sec / 2;
        dostime |= tp->tm_min << 5;
        dostime |= tp->tm_hour << 11;
        dosday = tp->tm_mday;
        dosday |= (tp->tm_mon + 1) << 5;
        dosday |= (tp->tm_year - 80) << 9;
        fat_rdir[0x16] = getlobyte(dostime);
        fat_rdir[0x17] = gethibyte(dostime);
        fat_rdir[0x18] = getlobyte(dosday);
        fat_rdir[0x19] = gethibyte(dosday);

        if (write(fd, fat_rdir, 512) != 512) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                gettext("%s: write of MS-DOS FAT failed, "),
                myname);
            perror(nullstring);
            exit(3);
        }
        i = 1;
    } else {
        i = 0;
    }
    (void) memset(fat_rdir, (char)0, 512);
    for (; i < (int)rdirsec; ++i) {
        if (write(fd, fat_rdir, 512) != 512) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
gettext("%s: write of MS-DOS root directory failed, "),
                myname);
            perror(nullstring);
            exit(3);
        }
    }
    /*
     * Write the rest of the boot loader if it's longer than one sector.
     * The clusters used are marked Bad in the FAT.
     * No directory entry exists for this file (so that it cannot be
     * deleted).
     */
    if (bootlen && write(fd, bootloadr, bootlen) != bootlen) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            gettext("%s: write of MS-DOS boot sectors failed"), myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        exit(3);
    }
}

static void
write_NEC_DOS_label(int fd, char *doslabel)
{
    struct      bios_param_blk *bpb;
    ushort_t    fatsec;
    ushort_t    rdirsec;
    char        fat_rdir[1024];
    int     i, j, m = 1;
    uchar_t     bootsec_NEC[1024];
    char        *nullstring = "";

    uchar_t bios_param_NEC[30] = { 0xeb, 0x1c, 0x90, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0,
                0x0, 0x0,  0x0,  0x0, 0x0, 0x4, 0x1, 0x1, 0x0,
                0x2, 0xc0, 0x0, 0xd0, 0x4, 0xfe, 0x2, 0x0,
                0x8, 0x0, 0x2, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0
    };

    uchar_t fatdir[32] = {   0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5,
            0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5,
            0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5,
            0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xe5

    };


    (void) memset(bootsec_NEC, (char)0, 1024);

    (void) memcpy(&bootsec_NEC, &bios_param_NEC, 30);

    bpb = (struct bios_param_blk *)&(bootsec_NEC[0xb]);
    if (write(fd, &bootsec_NEC[0], 1024) != 1024) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
            "%s: write of NEC-DOS boot sector failed, "),
            myname);
        perror(nullstring);
        exit(3);
    }
    (void) memset(fat_rdir, (char)0, 1024);
    fatsec = bpb->b_fatsec[0];
    for (i = 0; i < (int)bpb->b_nfat * (int)fatsec; ++i) {
        if ((i % (int)fatsec) == 0) {
            fat_rdir[0] = bpb->b_mediadescriptor;
            fat_rdir[1] = (char)0xff;
            fat_rdir[2] = (char)0xff;
            fat_rdir[3] = 0;
            fat_rdir[4] = 0;
            fat_rdir[5] = 0;
        } else {
            fat_rdir[0] = 0;
            fat_rdir[1] = 0;
            fat_rdir[2] = 0;
            fat_rdir[3] = 0;
            fat_rdir[4] = 0;
            fat_rdir[5] = 0;
        }
        if (write(fd, &fat_rdir[0], 1024) != 1024) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
/*CSTYLED*/
gettext("%s: write of NEC-DOS File Allocation Table failed, "), myname);
            perror(nullstring);
            exit(3);
        }
    }
#ifndef sparc
    /* LINTED */
    rdirsec = (int)htols(bpb->b_rdirents[0]) * 32 /1024;
#else
    rdirsec = (int)htols(bpb->b_rdirents[0]) * 32 /1024;
#endif
    if (b_flag) {
        struct  timeval tv;
        struct  tm  *tp;
        ushort_t    dostime;
        ushort_t    dosday;

        /* the label can be no more than 11 characters */
        j = min(11, (int)strlen(doslabel));
        for (i = 0; i < j; i++) {
            fat_rdir[i] = uppercase(doslabel[i]);
        }
        for (; i < 11; i++) {
            fat_rdir[i] = ' ';
        }
        fat_rdir[0xb] = 0x28;
        (void) gettimeofday(&tv, (struct timezone *)0);
        tp = localtime(&tv.tv_sec);
        /* get the time & day into DOS format */
        dostime = tp->tm_sec / 2;
        dostime |= tp->tm_min << 5;
        dostime |= tp->tm_hour << 11;
        dosday = tp->tm_mday;
        dosday |= (tp->tm_mon + 1) << 5;
        dosday |= (tp->tm_year - 80) << 9;
        fat_rdir[0x16] = getlobyte(dostime);
        fat_rdir[0x17] = gethibyte(dostime);
        fat_rdir[0x18] = getlobyte(dosday);
        fat_rdir[0x19] = gethibyte(dosday);

        if (write(fd, &fat_rdir[0], 1024) != 1024) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                /*CSTYLED*/
gettext("%s: write of NEC-DOS root directory failed, "), myname);
            perror(nullstring);
            exit(3);
        }
        (void) memset(fat_rdir, (char)0, 512);
        i = 1;
    } else {
        i = 0;

        while (m < 1024) {
            (void) memcpy(&fat_rdir[m], &fatdir, 31);
            m = m + 32;
        }
    }
    for (; i < (int)rdirsec; ++i) {

        if (write(fd, &fat_rdir[0], 1024) != 1024) {
            (void) fprintf(stderr,
                /*CSTYLED*/
gettext("%s: write of NEC-DOS root directory failed, "), myname);
            perror(nullstring);
            exit(3);
        }
    }
}