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<refentry id="man.rndc">

<refentryinfo>

<date>June 7, 2013</date>

</refentryinfo>

<refmeta>

<refentrytitle><application>rndc</application></refentrytitle>

<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

<refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>

</refmeta>

<refnamediv>

<refname><application>rndc</application></refname>

<refpurpose>name server control utility</refpurpose>

</refnamediv>

<docinfo>

<copyright>

<year>2004</year>

<year>2005</year>

<year>2007</year>

<year>2013</year>

<holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>

</copyright>

<copyright>

<year>2000</year>

<year>2001</year>

<holder>Internet Software Consortium.</holder>

</copyright>

</docinfo>

<refsynopsisdiv>

<cmdsynopsis>

<command>rndc</command>

<arg><option>-b <replaceable class="parameter">source-address</replaceable></option></arg>

<arg><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></option></arg>

<arg><option>-k <replaceable class="parameter">key-file</replaceable></option></arg>

<arg><option>-s <replaceable class="parameter">server</replaceable></option></arg>

<arg><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></option></arg>

<arg><option>-V</option></arg>

<arg><option>-y <replaceable class="parameter">key_id</replaceable></option></arg>

<arg choice="req">command</arg>

</cmdsynopsis>

</refsynopsisdiv>

<refsect1>

<title>DESCRIPTION</title>

<para><command>rndc</command>

controls the operation of a name

server. It supersedes the <command>ndc</command> utility

that was provided in old BIND releases. If

<command>rndc</command> is invoked with no command line

options or arguments, it prints a short summary of the

supported commands and the available options and their

arguments.

</para>

<para><command>rndc</command>

communicates with the name server

over a TCP connection, sending commands authenticated with

digital signatures. In the current versions of

<command>rndc</command> and <command>named</command>,

the only supported authentication algorithm is HMAC-MD5,

which uses a shared secret on each end of the connection.

This provides TSIG-style authentication for the command

request and the name server's response. All commands sent

over the channel must be signed by a key_id known to the

server.

</para>

<para><command>rndc</command>

reads a configuration file to

determine how to contact the name server and decide what

algorithm and key it should use.

</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>OPTIONS</title>

<variablelist>

<varlistentry>

<term>-b <replaceable class="parameter">source-address</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Use <replaceable class="parameter">source-address</replaceable>

as the source address for the connection to the server.

Multiple instances are permitted to allow setting of both

the IPv4 and IPv6 source addresses.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Use <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable>

as the configuration file instead of the default,

<filename>/etc/rndc.conf</filename>.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-k <replaceable class="parameter">key-file</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Use <replaceable class="parameter">key-file</replaceable>

as the key file instead of the default,

<filename>/etc/rndc.key</filename>. The key in

<filename>/etc/rndc.key</filename> will be used to

authenticate

commands sent to the server if the <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable>

does not exist.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-s <replaceable class="parameter">server</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para><replaceable class="parameter">server</replaceable> is

the name or address of the server which matches a

server statement in the configuration file for

<command>rndc</command>. If no server is supplied on the

command line, the host named by the default-server clause

in the options statement of the <command>rndc</command>

configuration file will be used.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Send commands to TCP port

<replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable>

instead

of BIND 9's default control channel port, 953.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-V</term>

<listitem>

<para>

Enable verbose logging.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-y <replaceable class="parameter">key_id</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Use the key <replaceable class="parameter">key_id</replaceable>

from the configuration file.

<replaceable class="parameter">key_id</replaceable>

must be

known by named with the same algorithm and secret string

in order for control message validation to succeed.

If no <replaceable class="parameter">key_id</replaceable>

is specified, <command>rndc</command> will first look

for a key clause in the server statement of the server

being used, or if no server statement is present for that

host, then the default-key clause of the options statement.

Note that the configuration file contains shared secrets

which are used to send authenticated control commands

to name servers. It should therefore not have general read

or write access.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>COMMANDS</title>

<para>

A list of commands supported by <command>rndc</command> can

be seen by running <command>rndc</command> without arguments.

</para>

<para>

Currently supported commands are:

</para>

<variablelist>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>reload</userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Reload configuration file and zones.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>reload <replaceable>zone</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>class</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>view</replaceable></optional></optional></userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Reload the given zone.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>refresh <replaceable>zone</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>class</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>view</replaceable></optional></optional></userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Schedule zone maintenance for the given zone.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>retransfer <replaceable>zone</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>class</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>view</replaceable></optional></optional></userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Retransfer the given zone from the master.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>freeze <optional><replaceable>zone</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>class</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>view</replaceable></optional></optional></optional></userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Suspend updates to a dynamic zone. If no zone is

specified, then all zones are suspended. This allows

manual edits to be made to a zone normally updated by

dynamic update. It also causes changes in the

journal file to be synced into the master file,

and the journal file to be removed.

All dynamic update attempts will be refused while

the zone is frozen.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>thaw <optional><replaceable>zone</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>class</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>view</replaceable></optional></optional></optional></userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Enable updates to a frozen dynamic zone. If no

zone is specified, then all frozen zones are

enabled. This causes the server to reload the zone

from disk, and re-enables dynamic updates after the

load has completed. After a zone is thawed,

dynamic updates will no longer be refused.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>notify <replaceable>zone</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>class</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>view</replaceable></optional></optional></userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Resend NOTIFY messages for the zone.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>reconfig</userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Reload the configuration file and load new zones,

but do not reload existing zone files even if they

have changed.

This is faster than a full <command>reload</command> when there

is a large number of zones because it avoids the need

to examine the

modification times of the zones files.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>stats</userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Write server statistics to the statistics file.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>querylog</userinput> <optional>on|off</optional> </term>

<listitem>

<para>

Toggle query logging. Query logging can also be enabled

by explicitly directing the <command>queries</command>

<command>category</command> to a

<command>channel</command> in the

<command>logging</command> section of

<filename>named.conf</filename> or by specifying

<command>querylog yes;</command> in the

<command>options</command> section of

<filename>named.conf</filename>.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>dumpdb <optional>-all|-cache|-zone</optional> <optional><replaceable>view ...</replaceable></optional></userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Dump the server's caches (default) and/or zones to

the

dump file for the specified views. If no view is

specified, all

views are dumped.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>stop <optional>-p</optional></userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Stop the server, making sure any recent changes

made through dynamic update or IXFR are first saved to

the master files of the updated zones.

If <option>-p</option> is specified <command>named</command>'s process id is returned.

This allows an external process to determine when <command>named</command>

had completed stopping.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>halt <optional>-p</optional></userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Stop the server immediately. Recent changes

made through dynamic update or IXFR are not saved to

the master files, but will be rolled forward from the

journal files when the server is restarted.

If <option>-p</option> is specified <command>named</command>'s process id is returned.

This allows an external process to determine when <command>named</command>

had completed halting.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>trace</userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Increment the servers debugging level by one.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>trace <replaceable>level</replaceable></userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Sets the server's debugging level to an explicit

value.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>notrace</userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Sets the server's debugging level to 0.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>flush</userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Flushes the server's cache.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>flushname</userinput> <replaceable>name</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>view</replaceable></optional> </term>

<listitem>

<para>

Flushes the given name from the server's cache.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>status</userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Display status of the server.

Note that the number of zones includes the internal <command>bind/CH</command> zone

and the default <command>/IN</command>

hint zone if there is not an

explicit root zone configured.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>recursing</userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Dump the list of queries <command>named</command> is currently recursing

on.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>validation ( on | off | check ) <optional><replaceable>view ...</replaceable></optional> </userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Enable, disable, or check the current status of

DNSSEC validation.

Note <command>dnssec-enable</command> also needs to be

set to <userinput>yes</userinput> or

<userinput>auto</userinput> to be effective.

It defaults to enabled.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>tsig-list</userinput></term>

<listitem>

<para>

List the names of all TSIG keys currently configured

for use by <command>named</command> in each view. The

list both statically configured keys and dynamic

TKEY-negotiated keys.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><userinput>tsig-delete</userinput> <replaceable>keyname</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>view</replaceable></optional></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Delete a given TKEY-negotiated key from the server.

(This does not apply to statically configured TSIG

keys.)

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>LIMITATIONS</title>

<para>

There is currently no way to provide the shared secret for a

<option>key_id</option> without using the configuration file.

</para>

<para>

Several error messages could be clearer.

</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>SEE ALSO</title>

<para><citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>rndc.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>rndc-confgen</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>named</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>named.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>ndc</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>.

</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>AUTHOR</title>

<para><corpauthor>Internet Systems Consortium</corpauthor>

</para>

</refsect1>

</refentry><!--