man: document rescue.target and emergency.target in more detail Fixes: #2523

man: document slices.target Fixes: #2438

man: fix typos

doc: correct punctuation and improve typography in documentation

man: update description of exit.target exit.target is now used for both system and user sessions, so remove "on user service manager exit". Also reword that paragraph: services will be killed before the manager exits, even if they do not conflict with shutdown target, but we recommend that they conflict with shutdown target so that systemd schedules them to be stopped immediately when starting to exit. In the first paragraph, containers should be mentioned last, and the more general systems first.

containers: systemd exits with non-zero code When a systemd service running in a container exits with a non-zero code, it can be useful to terminate the container immediately and get the exit code back to the host, when systemd-nspawn returns. This was not possible to do. This patch adds the following to make it possible: - Add a read-only "ExitCode" property on PID 1's "Manager" bus object. By default, it is 0 so the behaviour stays the same as previously. - Add a method "SetExitCode" on the same object. The method fails when called on baremetal: it is only allowed in containers or in user session. - Add support in systemctl to call "systemctl exit 42". It reuses the existing code for user session. - Add exit.target and systemd-exit.service to the system instance. - Change main() to actually call systemd-shutdown to exit() with the correct value. - Add verb 'exit' in systemd-shutdown with parameter --exit-code - Update systemctl manpage. I used the following to test it: | $ sudo rkt --debug --insecure-skip-verify run \ | --mds-register=false --local docker://busybox \ | --exec=/bin/chroot -- /proc/1/root \ | systemctl --force exit 42 | ... | Container rkt-895a0cba-5c66-4fa5-831c-e3f8ddc5810d failed with error code 42. | $ echo $? | 42 Fixes https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/1290

man: fix typo in description of system.slice

man: Clarify difference between basic.target and sysinit.target

man: Clarify that basic.target does not pull in remote filesystems Also note /var, /tmp or /var/tmp as special cases, should either of those be a remote filesystem.

man: revert dynamic paths for split-usr setups This did not really work out as we had hoped. Trying to do this upstream introduced several problems that probably makes it better suited as a downstream patch after all. At any rate, it is not releaseable in the current state, so we at least need to revert this before the release. * by adjusting the path to binaries, but not do the same thing to the search path we end up with inconsistent man-pages. Adjusting the search path too would be quite messy, and it is not at all obvious that this is worth the effort, but at any rate it would have to be done before we could ship this. * this means that distributed man-pages does not make sense as they depend on config options, and for better or worse we are still distributing man pages, so that is something that definitely needs sorting out before we could ship with this patch. * we have long held that split-usr is only minimally supported in order to boot, and something we hope will eventually go away. So before we start adding even more magic/effort in order to make this work nicely, we should probably question if it makes sense at all.

man: generate configured paths in manpages In particular, use /lib/systemd instead of /usr/lib/systemd in distributions like Debian which still have not adopted a /usr merge setup. Use XML entities from man/custom-entities.ent to replace configured paths while doing XSLT processing of the original XML files. There was precedent of some files (such as systemd.generator.xml) which were already using this approach. This addresses most of the (manual) fixes from this patch: http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-systemd/systemd.git/tree/debian/patches/Fix-paths-in-man-pages.patch?h=experimental-220 The idea of using generic XML entities was presented here: http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-May/032240.html This patch solves almost all the issues, with the exception of: - Path to /bin/mount and /bin/umount. - Generic statements about preference of /lib over /etc. These will be handled separately by follow up patches. Tested: - With default configure settings, ran "make install" to two separate directories and compared the output to confirm they matched exactly. - Used a set of configure flags including $CONFFLAGS from Debian: http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-systemd/systemd.git/tree/debian/rules Installed the tree and confirmed the paths use /lib/systemd instead of /usr/lib/systemd and that no other unexpected differences exist. - Confirmed that `make distcheck` still passes.

Reindent man pages to 2ch

man: add a mapping for external manpages It is annoying when we have dead links on fd.o. Add project='man-pages|die-net|archlinux' to <citerefentry>-ies. In generated html, add external links to http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man, http://linux.die.net/man/, https://www.archlinux.org/. By default, pages in sections 2 and 4 go to man7, since Michael Kerrisk is the autorative source on kernel related stuff. The rest of links goes to linux.die.net, because they have the manpages. Except for the pacman stuff, since it seems to be only available from archlinux.org. Poor gummiboot gets no link, because gummitboot(8) ain't to be found on the net. According to common wisdom, that would mean that it does not exist. But I have seen Kay using it, so I know it does, and deserves to be found. Can somebody be nice and put it up somewhere?

man: mention x-initrd.mount option in fstab options list

doc: grammatical corrections

man: fix typo

cryptsetup: introduce new cryptsetup-pre.traget unit so that services can make sure they are started before and stopped after any LUKS setup https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1097938

units: introduce network-pre.target as place to hook in firewalls network-pre.target is a passive target that should be pulled in by services that want to be executed before any network is configured (for example: firewall scrips). network-pre.target should be ordered before all network managemet services (but not be pulled in by them). network-pre.target should be order after all services that want to be executed before any network is configured (and be pulled in by them).

man: updates to the passive target section

doc: update punctuation Resolve spotted issues related to missing or extraneous commas, dashes.

man: improvements to comma placement This is a recurring submission and includes corrections to: comma placement.

man: wording and grammar updates This is a recurring submission and includes corrections to various issue spotted. I guess I can just skip over reporting ubiquitous comma placement fixes… Highligts in this particular commit: - the "unsigned" type qualifier is completed to form a full type "unsigned int" - alphabetic -> lexicographic (that way we automatically define how numbers get sorted)

man: wording and grammar updates This includes regularly-submitted corrections to comma setting and orthographical mishaps that appeared in man/ in recent commits. In this particular commit: - the usual comma fixes - expand contractions (this is prose)

man: fix typo https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=68723

man: wording and grammar updates This includes regularly-submitted corrections to comma setting and orthographical mishaps that appeared in man/ in recent commits.

man: document Slice= setting (and other fixes)

man: document four basic slices

man: add more formatting markup

man: add sd_j_open_files to return values section

man: fix typos in systemd.special

units: fix some left-over mentions of remote-fs-setup.target

unit: replace remote-fs-setup.target by network-online.target https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=787314

man: network.target is also a passive target

man: document that the passive units cannot be pulled in mnaully

man: properly document the system targets that are also available for the user instance

man: rearrange systemd.special(7) to clarify which units are passive and which ones aren't This also adds a short explanation paragraph for this.

units: introduce remote-fs-setup.target to pull in dependencies from remote mounts This introduces remote-fs-setup.target independently of remote-fs-pre.target. The former is only for pulling things in, the latter only for ordering. The new semantics: remote-fs-setup.target: is pulled in automatically by all remote mounts. Shall be used to pull in other units that want to run when at least one remote mount is set up. Is not ordered against the actual mount units, in order to allow activation of its dependencies even 'a posteriori', i.e. when a mount is established outside of systemd and is only picked up by it. remote-fs-pre.target: needs to be pulled in automatically by the implementing service, is otherwise not part of the initial transaction. This is ordered before all remote mount units. A service that wants to be pulled in and run before all remote mounts should hence have: a) WantedBy=remote-fs-setup.target -- so that it is pulled in b) Wants=remote-fs-pre.target + Before=remote-fs-pre.target -- so that it is ordered before the mount point, normally.

units: introduce new timers.target and paths.target to hook timer/path units into for boot

Make initrd.target the default target in the initrd First, rename root-fs.target to initrd-root-fs.target to clarify its usage. Mount units with "x-initrd-rootfs.mount" are now ordered before initrd-root-fs.target. As we sometimes construct /sysroot mounts in /etc/fstab in the initrd, we want these to be mounted before the initrd-root-fs.target is active. initrd.target can be the default target in the initrd. (normal startup) : : v basic.target | ______________________/| / | | sysroot.mount | | | v | initrd-root-fs.target | | | v | initrd-parse-etc.service (custom initrd services) | | v | (sysroot-usr.mount and | various mounts marked | with fstab option | x-initrd.mount) | | | v | initrd-fs.target | | \______________________ | \| v initrd.target | v initrd-cleanup.service isolates to initrd-switch-root.target | v ______________________/| / | | initrd-udevadm-cleanup-db.service | | (custom initrd services) | | | \______________________ | \| v initrd-switch-root.target | v initrd-switch-root.service | v switch-root

add initrd-fs.target and root-fs.target Instead of using local-fs*.target in the initrd, use root-fs.target for sysroot.mount and initrd-fs.target for /sysroot/usr and friends. Using local-fs.target would mean to carry over the activated local-fs.target to the isolated initrd-switch-root.target and thus in the real root. Having local-fs.target already active after deserialization causes ordering problems with the real root services and targets. We better isolate to targets for initrd-switch-root.target, which are only available in the initrd.

man: remove boot up runlevel support As of 3cdebc217c42c8529086f2965319b6a48eaaeabe support for distro specific boot up runlevels has been dropped.

service: ignore dependencies on $syslog and $local_fs in LSB scripts We no longer allow early-boot init scripts, however in late boot the syslog socket and local mounts are established anyway, so let's simplify our dep graph a bit. If $syslog doesn't resolve to syslog.target anymore there's no reason to keep syslog.target around anymore. Let's remove it. Note that many 3rd party service unit files order themselves after syslog.target. These will be dangling dependencies now, which should be unproblematic, however.

man: typo fixes

service: sysv - remove distribution specific targets Systemd should not introduce any new facilities. Distributions which still need to support their non-standard/legacy facilities should add them as patches to their packaging. The following facilities are no longer recognized: $x-display-manager $mail-transfer-agent $mail-transport-agent $mail-transfer-agent $smtp $null This target is no longer available: mail-transfer-agent.target

man: link in wiki documentation about network.target

man: typo fixes Fixes a few more typos. Also changes a "Accept=no" to "Accept=false" to be consistent with the previous examples in the same man page.

service: drop special HTTP server target, as it is a bad idea anf Fedora specific This was premarily intended to support the LSB facility $httpd which is only known by Fedora, and a bad idea since it lacks any real-life usecase. Similar, drop support for some other old Fedora-specific facilities. Also, document the rules for introduction of new facilities, to clarify the situation for the future.

logind: support for hybrid sleep (i.e. suspend+hibernate at the same time)

man: the corresponding LSB facility to rpcbind.target is $portmap

man: add various links from man pages to appropriate wiki pages

man: document systemd-update-generator

units: rename halt/hibernate/kexec/poweroff/reboot/suspend to systed-xxx These service units also execute our own code, hence rename the accordingly and prefix them with systemd-

man: introduce bootup(7)

units: introduce new Documentation= field and make use of it everywhere This should help making the boot process a bit easier to explore and understand for the administrator. The simple idea is that "systemctl status" now shows a link to documentation alongside the other status and decriptionary information of a service. This patch adds the necessary fields to all our shipped units if we have proper documentation for them.

sleep: implement suspend/hibernate as first class targets

relicense to LGPLv2.1 (with exceptions) We finally got the OK from all contributors with non-trivial commits to relicense systemd from GPL2+ to LGPL2.1+. Some udev bits continue to be GPL2+ for now, but we are looking into relicensing them too, to allow free copy/paste of all code within systemd. The bits that used to be MIT continue to be MIT. The big benefit of the relicensing is that closed source code may now link against libsystemd-login.so and friends.

units: introduce nss-user-lookup.target This separates user/group NSS lookups from host/network NSS lookups. By default order all network mounts after host/network NSS lookups now, and logind execution after user/group NSS lookups.

man: update documentation of special units

man: systemd.special no longer needs sed logic

man: complete service.special(7) man page

man: document a few special units