doc: correct orthography, word forms and missing/extraneous words

doc: correct punctuation and improve typography in documentation

man: document that the automatic journal limits are capped to 4G by default Fixes #1441.

journal: rework vacuuming logic Implement a maximum limit on number of journal files to keep around. Enforcing a limit is useful on this since our performance when viewing pays a heavy penalty for each journal file to interleve. This setting is turned on now by default, and set to 100. Also, actully implement what 348ced909724a1331b85d57aede80a102a00e428 promised: use whatever we find on disk at startup as lower bound on how much disk space we can use. That commit introduced some provisions to implement this, but actually never did. This also adds "journalctl --vacuum-files=" to vacuum files on disk by their number explicitly.

man: revert dynamic paths for split-usr setups This did not really work out as we had hoped. Trying to do this upstream introduced several problems that probably makes it better suited as a downstream patch after all. At any rate, it is not releaseable in the current state, so we at least need to revert this before the release. * by adjusting the path to binaries, but not do the same thing to the search path we end up with inconsistent man-pages. Adjusting the search path too would be quite messy, and it is not at all obvious that this is worth the effort, but at any rate it would have to be done before we could ship this. * this means that distributed man-pages does not make sense as they depend on config options, and for better or worse we are still distributing man pages, so that is something that definitely needs sorting out before we could ship with this patch. * we have long held that split-usr is only minimally supported in order to boot, and something we hope will eventually go away. So before we start adding even more magic/effort in order to make this work nicely, we should probably question if it makes sense at all.

doc: improve readability in journald.conf.5

man: generate configured paths in manpages In particular, use /lib/systemd instead of /usr/lib/systemd in distributions like Debian which still have not adopted a /usr merge setup. Use XML entities from man/custom-entities.ent to replace configured paths while doing XSLT processing of the original XML files. There was precedent of some files (such as systemd.generator.xml) which were already using this approach. This addresses most of the (manual) fixes from this patch: http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-systemd/systemd.git/tree/debian/patches/Fix-paths-in-man-pages.patch?h=experimental-220 The idea of using generic XML entities was presented here: http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-May/032240.html This patch solves almost all the issues, with the exception of: - Path to /bin/mount and /bin/umount. - Generic statements about preference of /lib over /etc. These will be handled separately by follow up patches. Tested: - With default configure settings, ran "make install" to two separate directories and compared the output to confirm they matched exactly. - Used a set of configure flags including $CONFFLAGS from Debian: http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-systemd/systemd.git/tree/debian/rules Installed the tree and confirmed the paths use /lib/systemd instead of /usr/lib/systemd and that no other unexpected differences exist. - Confirmed that `make distcheck` still passes.

man: fix typos in previous comimt

man: document forwarding to syslog better https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1147651

Do not advertise .d snippets over main config file For daemons which have a main configuration file, there's little reason for the administrator to use configuration snippets. They are useful for packagers which need to override settings, but we shouldn't advertise that as the main way of configuring those services. https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=89397

man: boilerplate unification

Reindent man pages to 2ch

man: delete ZX as sole compression; "Compress=" as boolean In man journald.conf, removes reference to XZ as sole form of compression. See commit d89c8fdf48c7bad5816b9f2e77e8361721f22517. In man coredump.conf, clarifies that "Compression=" controls existence, not type, of compression.

journald: Support journald.conf.d directories in the usual search paths

journald: turn ForwardToSyslog= off by default After all, rsyslog and friends nowadays read their data directly from the journal, hence the forwarding is unnecessary in most cases.

journald: make SplitMode=uid the default Now that we actually can distuingish system and normal users there's no point in taking session information into account anymore when splitting up logs. This has the beenfit with that coredump information will actually end up in each user's own journal.

man: update journald rate limit defaults This brings the man page back into sync with the actual code.

journald: add support for wall forwarding This will let journald forward logs as messages sent to all logged in users (like wall). Two options are added: * ForwardToWall (default yes) * MaxLevelWall (default emerg) 'ForwardToWall' is overridable by kernel command line option 'systemd.journald.forward_to_wall'. This is used to emulate the traditional syslogd behaviour of sending emergency messages to all logged in users.

doc: resolve missing/extraneous words or inappropriate forms Issues fixed: * missing words required by grammar * duplicated or extraneous words * inappropriate forms (e.g. singular/plural), and declinations * orthographic misspellings

man: fix a typo

Some modernizations

journald: do not free space when disk space runs low Before, journald would remove journal files until both MaxUse= and KeepFree= settings would be satisfied. The first one depends (if set automatically) on the size of the file system and is constant. But the second one depends on current use of the file system, and a spike in disk usage would cause journald to delete journal files, trying to reach usage which would leave 15% of the disk free. This behaviour is surprising for the user who doesn't expect his logs to be purged when disk usage goes above 85%, which on a large disk could be some gigabytes from being full. In addition attempting to keep 15% free provides an attack vector where filling the disk sufficiently disposes of almost all logs. Instead, obey KeepFree= only as a limit on adding additional files. When replacing old files with new, ignore KeepFree=. This means that if journal disk usage reached some high point that at some later point start to violate the KeepFree= constraint, journald will not add files to go above this point, but it will stay (slightly) below it. When journald is restarted, it forgets the previous maximum usage value, and sets the limit based on the current usage, so if disk remains to be filled, journald might use one journal-file-size less on each restart, if restarts happen just after rotation. This seems like a reasonable compromise between implementation complexity and robustness.

man: resolve word omissions This is a recurring submission and includes corrections to: word omissions and word class choice.

man: add DOI for refereed article on Forward Secure Sealing to journald.conf(5) In journalctl(1), be more explicit about the reference to "Seal=" in journald.conf(5) and what information can be found there.

man: wording and grammar updates This includes regularly-submitted corrections to comma setting and orthographical mishaps that appeared in man/ in recent commits.

journal: immediately sync to disk as soon as we receieve an EMERG/ALERT/CRIT message

man: use HTTPS links for links that support it

man: tweak the description of System/RuntimeMaxUse https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=66657

man: more grammar improvements - place commas - expand contractions (this is written prose :) - add some missing words

journald: fix space limits reporting Reporting of the free space was bogus, since the remaining space was compared with the maximum allowed, instead of the current use being compared with the maximum allowed. Simplify and fix by reporting limits directly at the point where they are calculated. Also, assign a UUID to the message.

journal: add references to SSKG paper FSS is based on

man: mention that units are 1024-based

journal: Set the default keep free value to 15% (up from 5%) As some SSDs are still seeing performance degredation when reaching 85% usage the default value of 5% seems a little low. Set this to 15% by default.

journal: Add sync timer to journal server Add option to force journal sync with fsync. Default timeout is 5min. Interval configured via SyncIntervalSec option at journal.conf. Synced journal files will be marked as OFFLINE. Manual sync can be performed via sending SIGUSR1.

man: fix some typos

man: rename systemd.conf to systemd-system.conf Alias as systemd-user.conf is also provided. This should help users running systemd in session mode. https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=690868

man: fix some spelling mistakes

man: typo fixes for new files in 195

journald.conf: remove MinSize= settings There's no point in making this configurable, so let's drop it in order to simplify configuration a bit.

journal: implement time-based rotation/vacuuming This also enables time-based rotation (but not vacuuming) after 1month, so that not more one month of journal is lost at a time per vacuuming.

man: correct the default logging rate limit to actually say what the code implements

journald: make splitting up of journal files per-user configurable

journald: add new Seal= configuration option

journald: basic support for /dev/kmsg parsing

Spelling fixes.

journald: use "persistent", not "permanent" as storage option "permanent" is simply the wrong term and we use "persistant" in most other contexts to correct this.

journal: default ImportKernel=no until we make use of structured logging

journald: add Storage= setting to control where the journal is stored

man: document all kernel command line options we understand

fix typo

journal: allow setting of a cutoff log level for disk storage, syslog, kmsg, console forwarding

journal: support changing the console tty to forward to

man: document systemd-journal

delta: fix spelling of overridden

relicense to LGPLv2.1 (with exceptions) We finally got the OK from all contributors with non-trivial commits to relicense systemd from GPL2+ to LGPL2.1+. Some udev bits continue to be GPL2+ for now, but we are looking into relicensing them too, to allow free copy/paste of all code within systemd. The bits that used to be MIT continue to be MIT. The big benefit of the relicensing is that closed source code may now link against libsystemd-login.so and friends.

man: document special journal fields

rename /etc/systemd/systemd-{login,journal}d.conf to {login,journal}d.conf