systemd/test/udev-test.pl

	udev-test.pl revision bec7e07acc8ca2288e780d11b4d1e1387c3513dc
#!/usr/bin/perl

# udev test
#
# Provides automated testing of the udev binary.
# The whole test is self contained in this file, except the matching sysfs tree.
# Simply extend the @tests array, to add a new test variant.
#
# Every test is driven by its own temporary config file.
# This program prepares the environment, creates the config and calls udev.
#
# udev parses the rules, looks at the provided sysfs and
# first creates and then removes the device node.
# After creation and removal the result is checked against the
# expected value and the result is printed.
#
# Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
# Copyright (C) 2004 Leann Ogasawara <ogasawara@osdl.org>

use warnings;
use strict;

my $PWD         = $ENV{PWD};
my $sysfs       = "sys/";
my $udev_bin        = "../udev/test-udev";
my $valgrind        = 0;
my $udev_bin_valgrind   = "valgrind --tool=memcheck --leak-check=yes --quiet $udev_bin";
my $udev_root       = "udev-root/";
my $udev_conf       = "udev-test.conf";
my $udev_rules      = "udev-test.rules";

my @tests = (
    {
        desc        => "no rules",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "sda" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "label test of scsi disc (old key names)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "boot_disk" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA", NAME="boot_disk%n", RUN+="socket:@/org/kernel/udev/monitor"
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="modem"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "label test of scsi disc (old key names)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "boot_disk" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA", NAME="boot_disk%n"
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="modem"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "label test of scsi disc",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "boot_disk" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA", NAME="boot_disk%n"
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="modem"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "label test of scsi partition",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "boot_disk1" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA", NAME="boot_disk%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "label test of pattern match",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "boot_disk1" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="?ATA", NAME="boot_disk%n-1"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA?", NAME="boot_disk%n-2"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="A??", NAME="boot_disk%n"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATAS", NAME="boot_disk%n-3"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "label test of multiple sysfs files",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "boot_disk1" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA", ATTRS{model}=="ST910021AS X ", NAME="boot_diskX%n"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA", ATTRS{model}=="ST910021AS", NAME="boot_disk%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "label test of max sysfs files (skip invalid rule)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "boot_disk1" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA", ATTRS{model}=="ST910021AS", ATTRS{scsi_level}=="6", ATTRS{rev}=="4.06", ATTRS{type}=="0", ATTRS{queue_depth}=="32", NAME="boot_diskXX%n"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA", ATTRS{model}=="ST910021AS", ATTRS{scsi_level}=="6", ATTRS{rev}=="4.06", ATTRS{type}=="0", NAME="boot_disk%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "catch device by *",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "modem/0" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM*", NAME="modem/%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "catch device by * - take 2",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "modem/0" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="*ACM1", NAME="bad"
KERNEL=="*ACM0", NAME="modem/%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "catch device by ?",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "modem/0" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM??*", NAME="modem/%n-1"
KERNEL=="ttyACM??", NAME="modem/%n-2"
KERNEL=="ttyACM?", NAME="modem/%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "catch device by character class",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "modem/0" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[A-Z]*", NAME="modem/%n-1"
KERNEL=="ttyACM?[0-9]", NAME="modem/%n-2"
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="modem/%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "replace kernel name",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "modem" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="modem"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "Handle comment lines in config file (and replace kernel name)",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "modem" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
# this is a comment
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="modem"

EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "Handle comment lines in config file with whitespace (and replace kernel name)",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "modem" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
 # this is a comment with whitespace before the comment
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="modem"

EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "Handle whitespace only lines (and replace kernel name)",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "whitespace" ,
        rules       => <<EOF


 # this is a comment with whitespace before the comment
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="whitespace"


EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "Handle empty lines in config file (and replace kernel name)",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "modem" ,
        rules       => <<EOF

KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="modem"

EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "Handle backslashed multi lines in config file (and replace kernel name)",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "modem" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", \\
NAME="modem"

EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "preserve backslashes, if they are not for a newline",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "aaa",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -e \\101", RESULT=="A", NAME="aaa"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "Handle stupid backslashed multi lines in config file (and replace kernel name)",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "modem" ,
        rules       => <<EOF

#
\\

\\

#\\

KERNEL=="ttyACM0", \\
    NAME="modem"

EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "subdirectory handling",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "sub/direct/ory/modem" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="sub/direct/ory/modem"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "parent device name match of scsi partition",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "first_disk5" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="0:0:0:0", NAME="first_disk%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test substitution chars (old key names)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "Major:8:minor:5:kernelnumber:5:id:0:0:0:0" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
BUS=="scsi", ID=="0:0:0:0", NAME="Major:%M:minor:%m:kernelnumber:%n:id:%b"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test substitution chars",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "Major:8:minor:5:kernelnumber:5:id:0:0:0:0" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="0:0:0:0", NAME="Major:%M:minor:%m:kernelnumber:%n:id:%b"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "import of shell-value file",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "subdir/err/node" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", IMPORT{file}="udev-test.conf", NAME="subdir/%E{udev_log}/node"
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="modem"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "import of shell-value returned from program",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node12345678",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", IMPORT="/bin/echo -e \' TEST_KEY=12345678\\n  TEST_key2=98765\'", NAME="node\$env{TEST_KEY}"
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="modem"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "sustitution of sysfs value (%s{file})",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "disk-ATA-sda" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA", NAME="disk-%s{vendor}-%k"
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="modem"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "program result substitution",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "special-device-5" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n special-device", RESULT=="-special-*", NAME="%c-1-%n"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n special-device", RESULT=="special--*", NAME="%c-2-%n"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n special-device", RESULT=="special-device-", NAME="%c-3-%n"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n special-device", RESULT=="special-devic", NAME="%c-4-%n"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n special-device", RESULT=="special-*", NAME="%c-%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "program result substitution (newline removal)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "newline_removed" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo test", RESULT=="test", NAME="newline_removed"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "program result substitution",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "test-0:0:0:0" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n test-%b", RESULT=="test-0:0*", NAME="%c"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "program with lots of arguments",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "foo9" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n foo3 foo4 foo5 foo6 foo7 foo8 foo9", KERNEL=="sda5", NAME="%c{7}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "program with subshell",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "bar9" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/sh -c 'echo foo3 foo4 foo5 foo6 foo7 foo8 foo9 | sed  s/foo9/bar9/'", KERNEL=="sda5", NAME="%c{7}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "program arguments combined with apostrophes",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "foo7" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n 'foo3 foo4'   'foo5   foo6   foo7 foo8'", KERNEL=="sda5", NAME="%c{5}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "characters before the %c{N} substitution",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "my-foo9" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n foo3 foo4 foo5 foo6 foo7 foo8 foo9", KERNEL=="sda5", NAME="my-%c{7}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "substitute the second to last argument",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "my-foo8" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n foo3 foo4 foo5 foo6 foo7 foo8 foo9", KERNEL=="sda5", NAME="my-%c{6}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test substitution by variable name",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "Major:8-minor:5-kernelnumber:5-id:0:0:0:0",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="0:0:0:0", NAME="Major:\$major-minor:\$minor-kernelnumber:\$number-id:\$id"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test substitution by variable name 2",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "Major:8-minor:5-kernelnumber:5-id:0:0:0:0",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="0:0:0:0", DEVPATH=="*/sda/*", NAME="Major:\$major-minor:%m-kernelnumber:\$number-id:\$id"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test substitution by variable name 3",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "850:0:0:05" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="0:0:0:0", DEVPATH=="*/sda/*", NAME="%M%m%b%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test substitution by variable name 4",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "855" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="0:0:0:0", DEVPATH=="*/sda/*", NAME="\$major\$minor\$number"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test substitution by variable name 5",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "8550:0:0:0" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="0:0:0:0", DEVPATH=="*/sda/*", NAME="\$major%m%n\$id"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "non matching SUBSYSTEMS for device with no parent",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/virtual/tty/console",
        exp_name    => "TTY",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n foo", RESULT=="foo", NAME="foo"
KERNEL=="console", NAME="TTY"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "non matching SUBSYSTEMS",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/virtual/tty/console",
        exp_name    => "TTY" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="foo", ATTRS{dev}=="5:1", NAME="foo"
KERNEL=="console", NAME="TTY"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "ATTRS match",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/virtual/tty/console",
        exp_name    => "foo" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="console", NAME="TTY"
ATTRS{dev}=="5:1", NAME="foo"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "ATTR (empty file)",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "empty" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", ATTR{test_empty_file}=="?*", NAME:="something"
KERNEL=="sda", ATTR{test_empty_file}!="", NAME:="not-empty"
KERNEL=="sda", ATTR{test_empty_file}=="", NAME:="empty"
KERNEL=="sda", ATTR{test_empty_file}!="?*", NAME:="not-something"
KERNEL=="sda", NAME="wrong"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "ATTR (non-existent file)",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "non-existent" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", ATTR{nofile}=="?*", NAME:="something"
KERNEL=="sda", ATTR{nofile}!="", NAME:="not-empty"
KERNEL=="sda", ATTR{nofile}=="", NAME:="empty"
KERNEL=="sda", ATTR{nofile}!="?*", NAME:="not-something"
KERNEL=="sda", TEST!="nofile", NAME:="non-existent"
KERNEL=="sda", NAME="wrong"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "program and bus type match",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "scsi-0:0:0:0" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n usb-%b", NAME="%c"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n scsi-%b", NAME="%c"
SUBSYSTEMS=="foo", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n foo-%b", NAME="%c"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "create all possible partitions",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "boot_disk15" ,
        exp_majorminor  => "8:15",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA", NAME{all_partitions}="boot_disk"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "sysfs parent hierarchy",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "modem" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
ATTRS{idProduct}=="007b", NAME="modem"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "name test with ! in the name",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/virtual/block/fake!blockdev0",
        exp_name    => "is/a/fake/blockdev0" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", NAME="is/not/a/%k"
SUBSYSTEM=="block", NAME="is/a/%k"
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="modem"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "name test with ! in the name, but no matching rule",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/virtual/block/fake!blockdev0",
        exp_name    => "fake/blockdev0" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="modem"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "KERNELS rule",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "scsi-0:0:0:0",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", KERNELS=="0:0:0:0", NAME="not-scsi"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="0:0:0:1", NAME="no-match"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS==":0", NAME="short-id"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="/0:0:0:0", NAME="no-match"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="0:0:0:0", NAME="scsi-0:0:0:0"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "KERNELS wildcard all",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "scsi-0:0:0:0",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="*:1", NAME="no-match"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="*:0:1", NAME="no-match"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="*:0:0:1", NAME="no-match"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="0:0:0:0", NAME="before"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="*", NAME="scsi-0:0:0:0"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "KERNELS wildcard partial",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "scsi-0:0:0:0",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="0:0:0:0", NAME="before"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="*:0", NAME="scsi-0:0:0:0"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "KERNELS wildcard partial 2",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "scsi-0:0:0:0",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="0:0:0:0", NAME="before"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNELS=="*:0:0:0", NAME="scsi-0:0:0:0"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "substitute attr with link target value (first match)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "driver-is-sd",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", NAME="driver-is-\$attr{driver}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "substitute attr with link target value (currently selected device)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "driver-is-ahci",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="pci", NAME="driver-is-\$attr{driver}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "ignore ATTRS attribute whitespace",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "ignored",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{whitespace_test}=="WHITE  SPACE", NAME="ignored"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "do not ignore ATTRS attribute whitespace",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "matched-with-space",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{whitespace_test}=="WHITE  SPACE ", NAME="wrong-to-ignore"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{whitespace_test}=="WHITE  SPACE   ", NAME="matched-with-space"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "permissions USER=bad GROUP=name",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/virtual/tty/tty33",
        exp_name    => "tty33",
        exp_perms   => "0:0:0660",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="tty33", NAME="tty33", OWNER="bad", GROUP="name"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "permissions OWNER=5000",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node",
        exp_perms   => "5000::0660",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node", OWNER="5000"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "permissions GROUP=100",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node",
        exp_perms   => ":100:0660",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node", GROUP="100"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "textual user id",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node",
        exp_perms   => "nobody::0660",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node", OWNER="nobody"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "textual group id",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node",
        exp_perms   => ":daemon:0660",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node", GROUP="daemon"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "textual user/group id",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node",
        exp_perms   => "root:mail:0660",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node", OWNER="root", GROUP="mail"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "permissions MODE=0777",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node",
        exp_perms   => "::0777",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node", MODE="0777"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "permissions OWNER=5000 GROUP=100 MODE=0777",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node",
        exp_perms   => "5000:100:0777",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node", OWNER="5000", GROUP="100", MODE="0777"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "permissions OWNER to 5000",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "ttyACM0",
        exp_perms   => "5000::",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n", OWNER="5000"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "permissions GROUP to 100",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "ttyACM0",
        exp_perms   => ":100:0660",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n", GROUP="100"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "permissions MODE to 0060",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "ttyACM0",
        exp_perms   => "::0060",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n", MODE="0060"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "permissions OWNER, GROUP, MODE",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "ttyACM0",
        exp_perms   => "5000:100:0777",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n", OWNER="5000", GROUP="100", MODE="0777"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "permissions only rule",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "ttyACM0",
        exp_perms   => "5000:100:0777",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", OWNER="5000", GROUP="100", MODE="0777"
KERNEL=="ttyUSX[0-9]*", OWNER="5001", GROUP="101", MODE="0444"
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "multiple permissions only rule",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "ttyACM0",
        exp_perms   => "3000:4000:0777",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEM=="tty", OWNER="3000"
SUBSYSTEM=="tty", GROUP="4000"
SUBSYSTEM=="tty", MODE="0777"
KERNEL=="ttyUSX[0-9]*", OWNER="5001", GROUP="101", MODE="0444"
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "permissions only rule with override at NAME rule",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "ttyACM0",
        exp_perms   => "3000:8000:0777",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEM=="tty", OWNER="3000"
SUBSYSTEM=="tty", GROUP="4000"
SUBSYSTEM=="tty", MODE="0777"
KERNEL=="ttyUSX[0-9]*", OWNER="5001", GROUP="101", MODE="0444"
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n", GROUP="8000"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "major/minor number test",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node",
        exp_majorminor  => "8:0",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "big major number test",
        subsys      => "misc",
        devpath     => "/devices/virtual/misc/misc-fake1",
        exp_name    => "node",
        exp_majorminor  => "4095:1",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="misc-fake1", NAME="node"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "big major and big minor number test",
        subsys      => "misc",
        devpath     => "/devices/virtual/misc/misc-fake89999",
        exp_name    => "node",
        exp_majorminor  => "4095:89999",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="misc-fake89999", NAME="node"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "multiple symlinks with format char",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "symlink2-ttyACM0",
        exp_target  => "ttyACM0",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n", SYMLINK="symlink1-%n symlink2-%k symlink3-%b"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "multiple symlinks with a lot of s p a c e s",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "one",
        not_exp_name    => " ",
        exp_target  => "ttyACM0",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n", SYMLINK="  one     two        "
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink creation (same directory)",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "modem0",
        exp_target  => "ttyACM0",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n", SYMLINK="modem%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink creation (relative link forward)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda6",
        exp_name    => "1/2/symlink" ,
        exp_target  => "a/b/node",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA", NAME="1/2/a/b/node", SYMLINK="1/2/symlink"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink creation (relative link back and forward)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda6",
        exp_name    => "1/2/c/d/symlink" ,
        exp_target  => "../../a/b/node",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{vendor}=="ATA", NAME="1/2/a/b/node", SYMLINK="1/2/c/d/symlink"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "multiple symlinks",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "second-0" ,
        exp_target  => "modem" ,
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM0", NAME="modem", SYMLINK="first-%n second-%n third-%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink only rule",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "symlink-only2",
        exp_target  => "link",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", SYMLINK+="symlink-only1"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", SYMLINK+="symlink-only2"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="link", SYMLINK+="symlink0"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink name '.'",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => ".",
        exp_target  => "link",
        exp_add_error   => "yes",
        exp_rem_error   => "yes",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="link", SYMLINK+="."
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink node to itself",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/virtual/tty/tty0",
        exp_name    => "link",
        exp_target  => "link",
        exp_add_error   => "yes",
        exp_rem_error   => "yes",
        option      => "clean",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="tty0", NAME="link", SYMLINK+="link"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink %n substitution",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "symlink0",
        exp_target  => "ttyACM0",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n", SYMLINK+="symlink%n"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink %k substitution",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "symlink-ttyACM0",
        exp_target  => "ttyACM0",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n", SYMLINK+="symlink-%k"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink %M:%m substitution",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "major-166:0",
        exp_target  => "ttyACM0",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n", SYMLINK+="major-%M:%m"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink %b substitution",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "symlink-0:0:0:0",
        exp_target  => "node",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node", SYMLINK+="symlink-%b"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink %c substitution",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "test",
        exp_target  => "ttyACM0",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo test" NAME="ttyACM%n", SYMLINK+="%c"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink %c{N} substitution",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "test",
        exp_target  => "ttyACM0",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo symlink test this" NAME="ttyACM%n", SYMLINK+="%c{2}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink %c{N+} substitution",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "this",
        exp_target  => "ttyACM0",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo symlink test this" NAME="ttyACM%n", SYMLINK+="%c{2+}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink only rule with %c{N+}",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "test",
        exp_target  => "link",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo link test this" SYMLINK+="%c{2+}"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="link", SYMLINK+="symlink0"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "symlink %s{filename} substitution",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "166:0",
        exp_target  => "ttyACM0",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="ttyACM%n", SYMLINK+="%s{dev}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "program result substitution (numbered part of)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "link1",
        exp_target  => "node",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n node link1 link2", RESULT=="node *", NAME="%c{1}", SYMLINK+="%c{2} %c{3}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "program result substitution (numbered part of+)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5",
        exp_name    => "link4",
        exp_target  => "node",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -n node link1 link2 link3 link4", RESULT=="node *", NAME="%c{1}", SYMLINK+="%c{2+}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "ignore rule test",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "nothing",
        not_exp_name    => "node",
        exp_add_error   => "yes",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node", OPTIONS="ignore_device"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "all_partitions, option-only rule",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node6",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEM=="block", OPTIONS="all_partitions"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "all_partitions, option-only rule (fail on partition)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "node6",
        exp_add_error   => "yes",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEM=="block", OPTIONS="all_partitions"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "ignore remove event test",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node",
        exp_rem_error   => "yes",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node", OPTIONS="ignore_remove"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "ignore remove event test (with all partitions)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node14",
        exp_rem_error   => "yes",
        option      => "clean",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node", OPTIONS="ignore_remove, all_partitions"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "SUBSYSTEM match test",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="should_not_match", SUBSYSTEM=="vc"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node", SUBSYSTEM=="block"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="should_not_match2", SUBSYSTEM=="vc"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "DRIVERS match test",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="should_not_match", DRIVERS=="sd-wrong"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="node", DRIVERS=="sd"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "temporary node creation test",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", PROGRAM=="/usr/bin/test -b %N" NAME="node"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "devpath substitution test",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "sda",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo %p", RESULT=="/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda" NAME="%k"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "parent node name substitution test sequence 1/2 (keep)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "main_device",
        option      => "keep",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="main_device"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "parent node name substitution test sequence 2/2 (clean)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "main_device-part-1",
        option      => "clean",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="%P-part-1"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "udev_root substitution",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "start-udev-root-end",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="start-%r-end"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "last_rule option",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "last",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", SYMLINK+="last", OPTIONS="last_rule"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="very-last"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "negation KERNEL!=",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "match",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL!="sda1", NAME="matches-but-is-negated"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="before"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL!="xsda1", NAME="match"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "negation SUBSYSTEM!=",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "not-anything",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", SUBSYSTEM=="block", KERNEL!="sda1", NAME="matches-but-is-negated"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="before"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", SUBSYSTEM!="anything", NAME="not-anything"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "negation PROGRAM!= exit code",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "nonzero-program",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="before"
KERNEL=="sda1", PROGRAM!="/bin/false", NAME="nonzero-program"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test for whitespace between the operator",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "true",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="before"
KERNEL   ==   "sda1"     ,    NAME   =    "true"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "ENV{} test",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "true",
        rules       => <<EOF
ENV{ENV_KEY_TEST}="test"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ENV_KEY_TEST}=="go", NAME="wrong"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ENV_KEY_TEST}=="test", NAME="true"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ENV_KEY_TEST}=="bad", NAME="bad"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "ENV{} test",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "true",
        rules       => <<EOF
ENV{ENV_KEY_TEST}="test"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ENV_KEY_TEST}=="go", NAME="wrong"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ENV_KEY_TEST}=="yes", ENV{ACTION}=="add", ENV{DEVPATH}=="*/block/sda/sdax1", NAME="no"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ENV_KEY_TEST}=="test", ENV{ACTION}=="add", ENV{DEVPATH}=="*/block/sda/sda1", NAME="true"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ENV_KEY_TEST}=="bad", NAME="bad"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "ENV{} test (assign)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "true",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ASSIGN}="true"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ASSIGN}=="yes", NAME="no"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="before"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ASSIGN}=="true", NAME="true"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "ENV{} test (assign 2 times)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "true",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ASSIGN}="true"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ASSIGN}="absolutely-\$env{ASSIGN}"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="before"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ASSIGN}=="yes", NAME="no"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{ASSIGN}=="absolutely-true", NAME="true"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "ENV{} test (assign2)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "part",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEM=="block", KERNEL=="*[0-9]", ENV{PARTITION}="true", ENV{MAINDEVICE}="false"
SUBSYSTEM=="block", KERNEL=="*[!0-9]", ENV{PARTITION}="false", ENV{MAINDEVICE}="true"
ENV{MAINDEVICE}=="true", NAME="disk"
SUBSYSTEM=="block", NAME="before"
ENV{PARTITION}=="true", NAME="part"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "untrusted string sanitize",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "sane",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -e name; (/sbin/badprogram)", RESULT=="name_ _/sbin/badprogram_", NAME="sane"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "untrusted string sanitize (don't replace utf8)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "uber",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -e \\xc3\\xbcber" RESULT=="\xc3\xbcber", NAME="uber"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "untrusted string sanitize (replace invalid utf8)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "replaced",
        rules       => <<EOF
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", KERNEL=="sda1", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo -e \\xef\\xe8garbage", RESULT=="__garbage", NAME="replaced"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "read sysfs value from parent device",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "serial-354172020305000",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM*", ATTRS{serial}=="?*", NAME="serial-%s{serial}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "match against empty key string",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "ok",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", ATTRS{nothing}!="", NAME="not-1-ok"
KERNEL=="sda", ATTRS{nothing}=="", NAME="not-2-ok"
KERNEL=="sda", ATTRS{vendor}!="", NAME="ok"
KERNEL=="sda", ATTRS{vendor}=="", NAME="not-3-ok"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "check ACTION value",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "ok",
        rules       => <<EOF
ACTION=="unknown", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="unknown-not-ok"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", NAME="ok"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "apply NAME final",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "link",
        exp_target  => "ok",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", NAME:="ok"
KERNEL=="sda", NAME="not-ok"
KERNEL=="sda", SYMLINK+="link"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test RUN key",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "testsymlink",
        exp_target  => "ok",
        exp_rem_error   => "yes",
        option      => "clean",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", NAME="ok", RUN+="/bin/ln -s ok %r/testsymlink"
KERNEL=="sda", NAME="not-ok"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test RUN key and DEVNAME",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "testsymlink",
        exp_target  => "ok",
        exp_rem_error   => "yes",
        option      => "clean",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", NAME="not-ok"
KERNEL=="sda", NAME="ok", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'ln -s `basename \$\$DEVNAME` %r/testsymlink'"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test RUN key remove",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "testsymlink2",
        exp_target  => "ok2",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", NAME="ok2", RUN+="/bin/ln -s ok2 %r/testsymlink2"
KERNEL=="sda", ACTION=="remove", RUN+="/bin/rm -f %r/testsymlink2"
KERNEL=="sda", NAME="not-ok2"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "final assignment",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "ok",
        exp_perms   => "root:tty:0640",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", GROUP:="tty"
KERNEL=="sda", GROUP="not-ok", MODE="0640", NAME="ok"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "final assignment 2",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "ok",
        exp_perms   => "root:tty:0640",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", GROUP:="tty"
SUBSYSTEM=="block", MODE:="640"
KERNEL=="sda", GROUP="not-ok", MODE="0666", NAME="ok"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "env substitution",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "node-add-me",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", MODE="0666", NAME="node-\$env{ACTION}-me"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "reset list to current value",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "three",
        not_exp_name    => "two",
        exp_target  => "node",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", SYMLINK+="one"
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", SYMLINK+="two"
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", SYMLINK="three"
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="node"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test empty NAME",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "<none>",
        not_exp_name    => "ttyACM0",
        exp_add_error   => "yes",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME=""
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test empty NAME (empty override)",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "<none>",
        not_exp_name    => "wrong",
        exp_add_error   => "yes",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="wrong"
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME=""
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test empty NAME (non-empty override)",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "right",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME=""
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="wrong"
KERNEL=="ttyACM[0-9]*", NAME="right"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test multi matches",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "right",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="ttyACM*", NAME="before"
KERNEL=="ttyACM*|nothing", NAME="right"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test multi matches 2",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "right",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="dontknow*|*nothing", NAME="nomatch"
KERNEL=="ttyACM*", NAME="before"
KERNEL=="dontknow*|ttyACM*|nothing*", NAME="right"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test multi matches 3",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "right",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="dontknow|nothing", NAME="nomatch"
KERNEL=="dontknow|ttyACM0a|nothing|attyACM0", NAME="wrong1"
KERNEL=="X|attyACM0|dontknow|ttyACM0a|nothing|attyACM0", NAME="wrong2"
KERNEL=="dontknow|ttyACM0|nothing", NAME="right"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "test multi matches 4",
        subsys      => "tty",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb5/5-2/5-2:1.0/tty/ttyACM0",
        exp_name    => "right",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="dontknow|nothing", NAME="nomatch"
KERNEL=="dontknow|ttyACM0a|nothing|attyACM0", NAME="wrong1"
KERNEL=="X|attyACM0|dontknow|ttyACM0a|nothing|attyACM0", NAME="wrong2"
KERNEL=="all|dontknow|ttyACM0", NAME="right"
KERNEL=="ttyACM0a|nothing", NAME="wrong3"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "IMPORT parent test sequence 1/2 (keep)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "parent",
        option      => "keep",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", IMPORT="/bin/echo -e \'PARENT_KEY=parent_right\\nWRONG_PARENT_KEY=parent_wrong'"
KERNEL=="sda", NAME="parent"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "IMPORT parent test sequence 2/2 (keep)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "parentenv-parent_right",
        option      => "clean",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda1", IMPORT{parent}="PARENT*", NAME="parentenv-\$env{PARENT_KEY}\$env{WRONG_PARENT_KEY}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "GOTO test",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "right",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda1", GOTO="TEST"
KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="wrong"
KERNEL=="sda1", GOTO="BAD"
KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="", LABEL="NO"
KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="right", LABEL="TEST"
KERNEL=="sda1", LABEL="BAD"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "GOTO label does not exist",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "right",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda1", GOTO="does-not-exist"
KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="right",
LABEL="exists"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "NAME compare test",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "link",
        exp_target  => "node",
        not_exp_name    => "wronglink",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="node"
KERNEL=="sda2", NAME="wrong"
KERNEL=="sda1", NAME=="wrong*", SYMLINK+="wronglink"
KERNEL=="sda1", NAME=="?*", SYMLINK+="link"
KERNEL=="sda1", NAME=="node*", SYMLINK+="link2"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "NAME compare test 2",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "link2",
        exp_target  => "sda1",
        not_exp_name    => "link",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda1", NAME=="?*", SYMLINK+="link"
KERNEL=="sda1", NAME!="?*", SYMLINK+="link2"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "invalid key operation",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "yes",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL="sda1", NAME="no"
KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="yes"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "operator chars in attribute",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "yes",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", ATTR{test:colon+plus}=="?*", NAME="yes"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "overlong comment line",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1",
        exp_name    => "yes",
        rules       => <<EOF
# 012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789
   # 012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789
KERNEL=="sda1", NAME=="no"
KERNEL=="sda1", NAME="yes"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "magic subsys/kernel lookup",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "00:16:41:e2:8d:ff",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", NAME="\$attr{[net/eth0]address}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "TEST absolute path",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "there",
        rules       => <<EOF
TEST=="/etc/hosts", NAME="there"
TEST!="/etc/hosts", NAME="notthere"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "TEST subsys/kernel lookup",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "yes",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", TEST=="[net/eth0]", NAME="yes"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "TEST relative path",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "relative",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", TEST=="size", NAME="relative"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "TEST wildcard substitution (find queue/nr_requests)",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "found-subdir",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", TEST=="*/nr_requests", NAME="found-subdir"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "TEST MODE=0000",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "sda",
        exp_perms   => "0:0:0000",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", MODE="0000"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "TEST PROGRAM feeds OWNER, GROUP, MODE",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "sda",
        exp_perms   => "5000:100:0400",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", MODE="666"
KERNEL=="sda", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo 5000 100 0400", OWNER="%c{1}", GROUP="%c{2}", MODE="%c{3}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "TEST PROGRAM feeds MODE with overflow",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "sda",
        exp_perms   => "0:0:0660",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", MODE="440"
KERNEL=="sda", PROGRAM=="/bin/echo 0 0 0400letsdoabuffferoverflow0123456789012345789012345678901234567890", OWNER="%c{1}", GROUP="%c{2}", MODE="%c{3}"
EOF
    },
    {
        desc        => "magic [subsys/sysname] attribute substitution",
        subsys      => "block",
        devpath     => "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda",
        exp_name    => "sda-8741C4G-end",
        exp_perms   => "0:0:0660",
        rules       => <<EOF
KERNEL=="sda", PROGRAM="/bin/true create-envp"
KERNEL=="sda", ENV{TESTENV}="change-envp"
KERNEL=="sda", NAME="%k-%s{[dmi/id]product_name}-end", RUN+="socket:@/org/kernel/udev/monitor"
EOF
    },
);

# set env
$ENV{SYSFS_PATH} = $sysfs;
$ENV{UDEV_CONFIG_FILE} = $udev_conf;

sub udev {
    my ($action, $subsys, $devpath, $rules) = @_;

    $ENV{DEVPATH} = $devpath;

    # create temporary rules
    open CONF, ">$udev_rules" || die "unable to create rules file: $udev_rules";
    print CONF $$rules;
    close CONF;

    $ENV{ACTION} = $action;
    $ENV{SUBSYSTEM} = $subsys;
    if ($valgrind > 0) {
        system("$udev_bin_valgrind");
    } else {
        system("$udev_bin");
    }
}

my $error = 0;

sub permissions_test {
    my($rules, $uid, $gid, $mode) = @_;

    my $wrong = 0;
    my $userid;
    my $groupid;

    $rules->{exp_perms} =~ m/^(.*):(.*):(.*)$/;
    if ($1 ne "") {
        if (defined(getpwnam($1))) {
            $userid = int(getpwnam($1));
        } else {
            $userid = $1;
        }
        if ($uid != $userid) { $wrong = 1; }
    }
    if ($2 ne "") {
        if (defined(getgrnam($2))) {
            $groupid = int(getgrnam($2));
        } else {
            $groupid = $2;
        }
        if ($gid != $groupid) { $wrong = 1; }
    }
    if ($3 ne "") {
        if (($mode & 07777) != oct($3)) { $wrong = 1; };
    }
    if ($wrong == 0) {
        print "permissions: ok\n";
    } else {
        printf "  expected permissions are: %s:%s:%#o\n", $1, $2, oct($3);
        printf "  created permissions are : %i:%i:%#o\n", $uid, $gid, $mode & 07777;
        print "permissions: error\n";
        $error++;
    }
}

sub major_minor_test {
    my($rules, $rdev) = @_;

    my $major = ($rdev >> 8) & 0xfff;
    my $minor = ($rdev & 0xff) | (($rdev >> 12) & 0xfff00);
    my $wrong = 0;

    $rules->{exp_majorminor} =~ m/^(.*):(.*)$/;
    if ($1 ne "") {
        if ($major != $1) { $wrong = 1; };
    }
    if ($2 ne "") {
        if ($minor != $2) { $wrong = 1; };
    }
    if ($wrong == 0) {
        print "major:minor: ok\n";
    } else {
        printf "  expected major:minor is: %i:%i\n", $1, $2;
        printf "  created major:minor is : %i:%i\n", $major, $minor;
        print "major:minor: error\n";
        $error++;
    }
}

sub symlink_test {
    my ($rules) = @_;

    my $output = `ls -l $PWD/$udev_root$rules->{exp_name}`;

    if ($output =~ m/(.*)-> (.*)/) {
        if ($2 eq $rules->{exp_target}) {
            print "symlink:     ok\n";
        } else {
            print "  expected symlink from: \'$rules->{exp_name}\' to \'$rules->{exp_target}\'\n";
            print "  created symlink from: \'$rules->{exp_name}\' to \'$2\'\n";
            print "symlink: error";
            if ($rules->{exp_add_error}) {
                print " as expected\n";
            } else {
                print "\n";
                $error++;
            }
        }
    } else {
        print "  expected symlink from: \'$rules->{exp_name}\' to \'$rules->{exp_target}\'\n";
        print "symlink:     not created";
        if ($rules->{exp_add_error}) {
            print " as expected\n";
        } else {
            print "\n";
            $error++;
        }
    }
}

sub make_udev_root {
    system("rm -rf $udev_root");
    mkdir($udev_root) || die "unable to create udev_root: $udev_root\n";
    # setting group and mode of udev_root ensures the tests work
    # even if the parent directory has setgid bit enabled.
    chown (0, 0, $udev_root) || die "unable to chown $udev_root\n";
    chmod (0755, $udev_root) || die "unable to chmod $udev_root\n";
}

sub run_test {
    my ($rules, $number) = @_;

    print "TEST $number: $rules->{desc}\n";

    if ($rules->{exp_target}) {
        print "device \'$rules->{devpath}\' expecting symlink '$rules->{exp_name}' to node \'$rules->{exp_target}\'\n";
    } else {
        print "device \'$rules->{devpath}\' expecting node \'$rules->{exp_name}\'\n";
    }


    udev("add", $rules->{subsys}, $rules->{devpath}, \$rules->{rules});
    if (defined($rules->{not_exp_name})) {
        if ((-e "$PWD/$udev_root$rules->{not_exp_name}") ||
            (-l "$PWD/$udev_root$rules->{not_exp_name}")) {
            print "nonexistent: error \'$rules->{not_exp_name}\' not expected to be there\n";
            $error++
        }
    }

    if ((-e "$PWD/$udev_root$rules->{exp_name}") ||
        (-l "$PWD/$udev_root$rules->{exp_name}")) {

        my ($dev, $ino, $mode, $nlink, $uid, $gid, $rdev, $size,
            $atime, $mtime, $ctime, $blksize, $blocks) = stat("$PWD/$udev_root$rules->{exp_name}");

        if (defined($rules->{exp_perms})) {
            permissions_test($rules, $uid, $gid, $mode);
        }
        if (defined($rules->{exp_majorminor})) {
            major_minor_test($rules, $rdev);
        }
        if (defined($rules->{exp_target})) {
            symlink_test($rules);
        }
        print "add:         ok\n";
    } else {
        print "add:         error";
        if ($rules->{exp_add_error}) {
            print " as expected\n";
        } else {
            print "\n";
            system("tree $udev_root");
            print "\n";
            $error++;
        }
    }

    if (defined($rules->{option}) && $rules->{option} eq "keep") {
        print "\n\n";
        return;
    }

    udev("remove", $rules->{subsys}, $rules->{devpath}, \$rules->{rules});
    if ((-e "$PWD/$udev_root$rules->{exp_name}") ||
        (-l "$PWD/$udev_root$rules->{exp_name}")) {
        print "remove:      error";
        if ($rules->{exp_rem_error}) {
            print " as expected\n";
        } else {
            print "\n";
            system("tree $udev_root");
            print "\n";
            $error++;
        }
    } else {
        print "remove:      ok\n";
    }

    print "\n";

    if (defined($rules->{option}) && $rules->{option} eq "clean") {
        make_udev_root ();
    }

}

# only run if we have root permissions
# due to mknod restrictions
if (!($<==0)) {
    print "Must have root permissions to run properly.\n";
    exit;
}

# prepare
make_udev_root();

# create config file
open CONF, ">$udev_conf" || die "unable to create config file: $udev_conf";
print CONF "udev_root=\"$udev_root\"\n";
print CONF "udev_rules=\"$PWD\"\n";
print CONF "udev_log=\"err\"\n";
close CONF;

my $test_num = 1;
my @list;

foreach my $arg (@ARGV) {
    if ($arg =~ m/--valgrind/) {
        $valgrind = 1;
        printf("using valgrind\n");
    } else {
        push(@list, $arg);
    }
}

if ($list[0]) {
    foreach my $arg (@list) {
        if (defined($tests[$arg-1]->{desc})) {
            print "udev-test will run test number $arg:\n\n";
            run_test($tests[$arg-1], $arg);
        } else {
            print "test does not exist.\n";
        }
    }
} else {
    # test all
    print "\nudev-test will run ".($#tests + 1)." tests:\n\n";

    foreach my $rules (@tests) {
        run_test($rules, $test_num);
        $test_num++;
    }
}

print "$error errors occured\n\n";

# cleanup
system("rm -rf $udev_root");
unlink($udev_rules);
unlink($udev_conf);

if ($error > 0) {
    exit(1);
}
exit(0);