#include <getopt.h>

#include <grp.h>

#include <gshadow.h>

#include <pwd.h>

#include <shadow.h>

#include <utmp.h>

#include "alloc-util.h"

#include "conf-files.h"

#include "copy.h"

#include "def.h"

#include "fd-util.h"

#include "fileio-label.h"

#include "formats-util.h"

#include "hashmap.h"

#include "path-util.h"

#include "selinux-util.h"

#include "smack-util.h"

#include "specifier.h"

#include "string-util.h"

#include "strv.h"

#include "uid-range.h"

#include "user-util.h"

#include "utf8.h"

#include "util.h"

typedef enum ItemType {

ADD_USER = 'u',

ADD_GROUP = 'g',

ADD_MEMBER = 'm',

ADD_RANGE = 'r',

} ItemType;

typedef struct Item {

ItemType type;

char *name;

char *uid_path;

char *gid_path;

char *description;

char *home;

gid_t gid;

uid_t uid;

bool gid_set:1;

bool uid_set:1;

bool todo_user:1;

bool todo_group:1;

} Item;

static char *arg_root = NULL;

static const char conf_file_dirs[] = CONF_PATHS_NULSTR("sysusers.d");

static Hashmap *users = NULL, *groups = NULL;

static Hashmap *todo_uids = NULL, *todo_gids = NULL;

static Hashmap *members = NULL;

static Hashmap *database_uid = NULL, *database_user = NULL;

static Hashmap *database_gid = NULL, *database_group = NULL;

static uid_t search_uid = UID_INVALID;

static UidRange *uid_range = NULL;

static unsigned n_uid_range = 0;

static int load_user_database(void) {

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;

const char *passwd_path;

struct passwd *pw;

int r;

passwd_path = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/passwd");

f = fopen(passwd_path, "re");

if (!f)

return errno == ENOENT ? 0 : -errno;

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&database_user, &string_hash_ops);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&database_uid, NULL);

if (r < 0)

return r;

errno = 0;

while ((pw = fgetpwent(f))) {

char *n;

int k, q;

n = strdup(pw->pw_name);

if (!n)

return -ENOMEM;

k = hashmap_put(database_user, n, UID_TO_PTR(pw->pw_uid));

if (k < 0 && k != -EEXIST) {

free(n);

return k;

}

q = hashmap_put(database_uid, UID_TO_PTR(pw->pw_uid), n);

if (q < 0 && q != -EEXIST) {

if (k < 0)

free(n);

return q;

}

if (q < 0 && k < 0)

free(n);

errno = 0;

}

if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT))

return -errno;

return 0;

}

static int load_group_database(void) {

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;

const char *group_path;

struct group *gr;

int r;

group_path = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/group");

f = fopen(group_path, "re");

if (!f)

return errno == ENOENT ? 0 : -errno;

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&database_group, &string_hash_ops);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&database_gid, NULL);

if (r < 0)

return r;

errno = 0;

while ((gr = fgetgrent(f))) {

char *n;

int k, q;

n = strdup(gr->gr_name);

if (!n)

return -ENOMEM;

k = hashmap_put(database_group, n, GID_TO_PTR(gr->gr_gid));

if (k < 0 && k != -EEXIST) {

free(n);

return k;

}

q = hashmap_put(database_gid, GID_TO_PTR(gr->gr_gid), n);

if (q < 0 && q != -EEXIST) {

if (k < 0)

free(n);

return q;

}

if (q < 0 && k < 0)

free(n);

errno = 0;

}

if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT))

return -errno;

return 0;

}

static int make_backup(const char *target, const char *x) {

_cleanup_close_ int src = -1;

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *dst = NULL;

char *backup, *temp;

struct timespec ts[2];

struct stat st;

int r;

src = open(x, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);

if (src < 0) {

if (errno == ENOENT) /* No backup necessary... */

return 0;

return -errno;

}

if (fstat(src, &st) < 0)

return -errno;

r = fopen_temporary_label(target, x, &dst, &temp);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = copy_bytes(src, fileno(dst), (uint64_t) -1, true);

if (r < 0)

goto fail;

/* Don't fail on chmod() or chown(). If it stays owned by us

backup = strjoina(x, "-");

/* Copy over the access mask */

if (fchmod(fileno(dst), st.st_mode & 07777) < 0)

log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to change mode on %s: %m", backup);

if (fchown(fileno(dst), st.st_uid, st.st_gid)< 0)

log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to change ownership of %s: %m", backup);

ts[0] = st.st_atim;

ts[1] = st.st_mtim;

if (futimens(fileno(dst), ts) < 0)

log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to fix access and modification time of %s: %m", backup);

if (rename(temp, backup) < 0)

goto fail;

return 0;

fail:

unlink(temp);

return r;

}

static int putgrent_with_members(const struct group *gr, FILE *group) {

char **a;

assert(gr);

assert(group);

a = hashmap_get(members, gr->gr_name);

if (a) {

_cleanup_strv_free_ char **l = NULL;

bool added = false;

char **i;

l = strv_copy(gr->gr_mem);

if (!l)

return -ENOMEM;

STRV_FOREACH(i, a) {

if (strv_find(l, *i))

continue;

if (strv_extend(&l, *i) < 0)

return -ENOMEM;

added = true;

}

if (added) {

struct group t;

strv_uniq(l);

strv_sort(l);

t = *gr;

t.gr_mem = l;

errno = 0;

if (putgrent(&t, group) != 0)

return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EIO;

return 1;

}

}

errno = 0;

if (putgrent(gr, group) != 0)

return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EIO;

return 0;

}

static int putsgent_with_members(const struct sgrp *sg, FILE *gshadow) {

char **a;

assert(sg);

assert(gshadow);

a = hashmap_get(members, sg->sg_namp);

if (a) {

_cleanup_strv_free_ char **l = NULL;

bool added = false;

char **i;

l = strv_copy(sg->sg_mem);

if (!l)

return -ENOMEM;

STRV_FOREACH(i, a) {

if (strv_find(l, *i))

continue;

if (strv_extend(&l, *i) < 0)

return -ENOMEM;

added = true;

}

if (added) {

struct sgrp t;

strv_uniq(l);

strv_sort(l);

t = *sg;

t.sg_mem = l;

errno = 0;

if (putsgent(&t, gshadow) != 0)

return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EIO;

return 1;

}

}

errno = 0;

if (putsgent(sg, gshadow) != 0)

return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EIO;

return 0;

}

static int sync_rights(FILE *from, FILE *to) {

struct stat st;

if (fstat(fileno(from), &st) < 0)

return -errno;

if (fchmod(fileno(to), st.st_mode & 07777) < 0)

return -errno;

if (fchown(fileno(to), st.st_uid, st.st_gid) < 0)

return -errno;

return 0;

}

static int rename_and_apply_smack(const char *temp_path, const char *dest_path) {

int r = 0;

if (rename(temp_path, dest_path) < 0)

return -errno;

#ifdef SMACK_RUN_LABEL

r = mac_smack_apply(dest_path, SMACK_ATTR_ACCESS, SMACK_FLOOR_LABEL);

if (r < 0)

return r;

#endif

return r;

}

static int write_files(void) {

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *passwd = NULL, *group = NULL, *shadow = NULL, *gshadow = NULL;

_cleanup_free_ char *passwd_tmp = NULL, *group_tmp = NULL, *shadow_tmp = NULL, *gshadow_tmp = NULL;

const char *passwd_path = NULL, *group_path = NULL, *shadow_path = NULL, *gshadow_path = NULL;

bool group_changed = false;

Iterator iterator;

Item *i;

int r;

if (hashmap_size(todo_gids) > 0 || hashmap_size(members) > 0) {

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *original = NULL;

/* First we update the actual group list file */

group_path = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/group");

r = fopen_temporary_label("/etc/group", group_path, &group, &group_tmp);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

original = fopen(group_path, "re");

if (original) {

struct group *gr;

r = sync_rights(original, group);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

errno = 0;

while ((gr = fgetgrent(original))) {

/* Safety checks against name and GID

i = hashmap_get(groups, gr->gr_name);

if (i && i->todo_group) {

log_error("%s: Group \"%s\" already exists.", group_path, gr->gr_name);

r = -EEXIST;

goto finish;

}

if (hashmap_contains(todo_gids, GID_TO_PTR(gr->gr_gid))) {

log_error("%s: Detected collision for GID " GID_FMT ".", group_path, gr->gr_gid);

r = -EEXIST;

goto finish;

}

r = putgrent_with_members(gr, group);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

if (r > 0)

group_changed = true;

errno = 0;

}

if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT)) {

r = -errno;

goto finish;

}

} else if (errno != ENOENT) {

r = -errno;

goto finish;

} else if (fchmod(fileno(group), 0644) < 0) {

r = -errno;

goto finish;

}

HASHMAP_FOREACH(i, todo_gids, iterator) {

struct group n = {

.gr_name = i->name,

.gr_gid = i->gid,

.gr_passwd = (char*) "x",

};

r = putgrent_with_members(&n, group);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

group_changed = true;

}

r = fflush_and_check(group);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

if (original) {

fclose(original);

original = NULL;

}

/* OK, now also update the shadow file for the group list */

gshadow_path = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/gshadow");

r = fopen_temporary_label("/etc/gshadow", gshadow_path, &gshadow, &gshadow_tmp);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

original = fopen(gshadow_path, "re");

if (original) {

struct sgrp *sg;

r = sync_rights(original, gshadow);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

errno = 0;

while ((sg = fgetsgent(original))) {

i = hashmap_get(groups, sg->sg_namp);

if (i && i->todo_group) {

log_error("%s: Group \"%s\" already exists.", gshadow_path, sg->sg_namp);

r = -EEXIST;

goto finish;

}

r = putsgent_with_members(sg, gshadow);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

if (r > 0)

group_changed = true;

errno = 0;

}

if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT)) {

r = -errno;

goto finish;

}

} else if (errno != ENOENT) {

r = -errno;

goto finish;

} else if (fchmod(fileno(gshadow), 0000) < 0) {

r = -errno;

goto finish;

}

HASHMAP_FOREACH(i, todo_gids, iterator) {

struct sgrp n = {

.sg_namp = i->name,

.sg_passwd = (char*) "!!",

};

r = putsgent_with_members(&n, gshadow);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

group_changed = true;

}

r = fflush_and_check(gshadow);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

}

if (hashmap_size(todo_uids) > 0) {

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *original = NULL;

long lstchg;

/* First we update the user database itself */

passwd_path = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/passwd");

r = fopen_temporary_label("/etc/passwd", passwd_path, &passwd, &passwd_tmp);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

original = fopen(passwd_path, "re");

if (original) {

struct passwd *pw;

r = sync_rights(original, passwd);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

errno = 0;

while ((pw = fgetpwent(original))) {

i = hashmap_get(users, pw->pw_name);

if (i && i->todo_user) {

log_error("%s: User \"%s\" already exists.", passwd_path, pw->pw_name);

r = -EEXIST;

goto finish;

}

if (hashmap_contains(todo_uids, UID_TO_PTR(pw->pw_uid))) {

log_error("%s: Detected collision for UID " UID_FMT ".", passwd_path, pw->pw_uid);

r = -EEXIST;

goto finish;

}

errno = 0;

if (putpwent(pw, passwd) < 0) {

r = errno ? -errno : -EIO;

goto finish;

}

errno = 0;

}

if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT)) {

r = -errno;

goto finish;

}

} else if (errno != ENOENT) {

r = -errno;

goto finish;

} else if (fchmod(fileno(passwd), 0644) < 0) {

r = -errno;

goto finish;

}

HASHMAP_FOREACH(i, todo_uids, iterator) {

struct passwd n = {

.pw_name = i->name,

.pw_uid = i->uid,

.pw_gid = i->gid,

.pw_gecos = i->description,

/* "x" means the password is stored in

.pw_passwd = (char*) "x",

/* We default to the root directory as home */

.pw_dir = i->home ? i->home : (char*) "/",

/* Initialize the shell to nologin,

.pw_shell = i->uid == 0 ? (char*) "/bin/sh" : (char*) "/sbin/nologin",

};

errno = 0;

if (putpwent(&n, passwd) != 0) {

r = errno ? -errno : -EIO;

goto finish;

}

}

r = fflush_and_check(passwd);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

if (original) {

fclose(original);

original = NULL;

}

/* The we update the shadow database */

shadow_path = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/shadow");

r = fopen_temporary_label("/etc/shadow", shadow_path, &shadow, &shadow_tmp);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

lstchg = (long) (now(CLOCK_REALTIME) / USEC_PER_DAY);

original = fopen(shadow_path, "re");

if (original) {

struct spwd *sp;

r = sync_rights(original, shadow);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

errno = 0;

while ((sp = fgetspent(original))) {

i = hashmap_get(users, sp->sp_namp);

if (i && i->todo_user) {

/* we will update the existing entry */

sp->sp_lstchg = lstchg;

/* only the /etc/shadow stage is left, so we can

i->todo_user = false;

hashmap_remove(todo_uids, UID_TO_PTR(i->uid));

}

errno = 0;

if (putspent(sp, shadow) < 0) {

r = errno ? -errno : -EIO;

goto finish;

}

errno = 0;

}

if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT)) {

r = -errno;

goto finish;

}

} else if (errno != ENOENT) {

r = -errno;

goto finish;

} else if (fchmod(fileno(shadow), 0000) < 0) {

r = -errno;

goto finish;

}

HASHMAP_FOREACH(i, todo_uids, iterator) {

struct spwd n = {

.sp_namp = i->name,

.sp_pwdp = (char*) "!!",

.sp_lstchg = lstchg,

.sp_min = -1,

.sp_max = -1,

.sp_warn = -1,

.sp_inact = -1,

.sp_expire = -1,

.sp_flag = (unsigned long) -1, /* this appears to be what everybody does ... */

};

errno = 0;

if (putspent(&n, shadow) != 0) {

r = errno ? -errno : -EIO;

goto finish;

}

}

r = fflush_and_check(shadow);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

}

/* Make a backup of the old files */

if (group_changed) {

if (group) {

r = make_backup("/etc/group", group_path);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

}

if (gshadow) {

r = make_backup("/etc/gshadow", gshadow_path);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

}

}

if (passwd) {

r = make_backup("/etc/passwd", passwd_path);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

}

if (shadow) {

r = make_backup("/etc/shadow", shadow_path);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

}

/* And make the new files count */

if (group_changed) {

if (group) {

r = rename_and_apply_smack(group_tmp, group_path);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

group_tmp = mfree(group_tmp);

}

if (gshadow) {

r = rename_and_apply_smack(gshadow_tmp, gshadow_path);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

gshadow_tmp = mfree(gshadow_tmp);

}

}

if (passwd) {

r = rename_and_apply_smack(passwd_tmp, passwd_path);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

passwd_tmp = mfree(passwd_tmp);

}

if (shadow) {

r = rename_and_apply_smack(shadow_tmp, shadow_path);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

shadow_tmp = mfree(shadow_tmp);

}

r = 0;

finish:

if (passwd_tmp)

unlink(passwd_tmp);

if (shadow_tmp)

unlink(shadow_tmp);

if (group_tmp)

unlink(group_tmp);

if (gshadow_tmp)

unlink(gshadow_tmp);

return r;

}

static int uid_is_ok(uid_t uid, const char *name) {

struct passwd *p;

struct group *g;

const char *n;

Item *i;

/* Let's see if we already have assigned the UID a second time */

if (hashmap_get(todo_uids, UID_TO_PTR(uid)))

return 0;

/* Try to avoid using uids that are already used by a group

i = hashmap_get(todo_gids, GID_TO_PTR(uid));

if (i && !streq(i->name, name))

return 0;

/* Let's check the files directly */

if (hashmap_contains(database_uid, UID_TO_PTR(uid)))

return 0;

n = hashmap_get(database_gid, GID_TO_PTR(uid));

if (n && !streq(n, name))

return 0;

/* Let's also check via NSS, to avoid UID clashes over LDAP and such, just in case */

if (!arg_root) {

errno = 0;

p = getpwuid(uid);

if (p)

return 0;

if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT))

return -errno;

errno = 0;

g = getgrgid((gid_t) uid);

if (g) {

if (!streq(g->gr_name, name))

return 0;

} else if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT))

return -errno;

}

return 1;

}

static int root_stat(const char *p, struct stat *st) {

const char *fix;

fix = prefix_roota(arg_root, p);

if (stat(fix, st) < 0)

return -errno;

return 0;

}

static int read_id_from_file(Item *i, uid_t *_uid, gid_t *_gid) {

struct stat st;

bool found_uid = false, found_gid = false;

uid_t uid = 0;

gid_t gid = 0;

assert(i);

/* First, try to get the gid directly */

if (_gid && i->gid_path && root_stat(i->gid_path, &st) >= 0) {

gid = st.st_gid;

found_gid = true;

}

/* Then, try to get the uid directly */

if ((_uid || (_gid && !found_gid))

&& i->uid_path

&& root_stat(i->uid_path, &st) >= 0) {

uid = st.st_uid;

found_uid = true;

/* If we need the gid, but had no success yet, also derive it from the uid path */

if (_gid && !found_gid) {

gid = st.st_gid;

found_gid = true;

}

}

/* If that didn't work yet, then let's reuse the gid as uid */

if (_uid && !found_uid && i->gid_path) {

if (found_gid) {

uid = (uid_t) gid;

found_uid = true;

} else if (root_stat(i->gid_path, &st) >= 0) {

uid = (uid_t) st.st_gid;

found_uid = true;

}

}

if (_uid) {

if (!found_uid)

return 0;

*_uid = uid;

}

if (_gid) {

if (!found_gid)

return 0;

*_gid = gid;

}

return 1;

}

static int add_user(Item *i) {

void *z;

int r;

assert(i);

/* Check the database directly */

z = hashmap_get(database_user, i->name);

if (z) {

log_debug("User %s already exists.", i->name);

i->uid = PTR_TO_UID(z);

i->uid_set = true;

return 0;

}

if (!arg_root) {

struct passwd *p;

/* Also check NSS */

errno = 0;

p = getpwnam(i->name);

if (p) {

log_debug("User %s already exists.", i->name);

i->uid = p->pw_uid;

i->uid_set = true;

r = free_and_strdup(&i->description, p->pw_gecos);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

return 0;

}

if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT))

return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to check if user %s already exists: %m", i->name);

}

/* Try to use the suggested numeric uid */

if (i->uid_set) {

r = uid_is_ok(i->uid, i->name);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to verify uid " UID_FMT ": %m", i->uid);

if (r == 0) {

log_debug("Suggested user ID " UID_FMT " for %s already used.", i->uid, i->name);

i->uid_set = false;

}

}

/* If that didn't work, try to read it from the specified path */

if (!i->uid_set) {

uid_t c;

if (read_id_from_file(i, &c, NULL) > 0) {

if (c <= 0 || !uid_range_contains(uid_range, n_uid_range, c))

log_debug("User ID " UID_FMT " of file not suitable for %s.", c, i->name);

else {

r = uid_is_ok(c, i->name);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to verify uid " UID_FMT ": %m", i->uid);

else if (r > 0) {

i->uid = c;

i->uid_set = true;

} else

log_debug("User ID " UID_FMT " of file for %s is already used.", c, i->name);

}

}

}

/* Otherwise, try to reuse the group ID */

if (!i->uid_set && i->gid_set) {

r = uid_is_ok((uid_t) i->gid, i->name);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to verify uid " UID_FMT ": %m", i->uid);

if (r > 0) {

i->uid = (uid_t) i->gid;

i->uid_set = true;

}

}

/* And if that didn't work either, let's try to find a free one */

if (!i->uid_set) {

for (;;) {

r = uid_range_next_lower(uid_range, n_uid_range, &search_uid);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("No free user ID available for %s.", i->name);

return r;

}

r = uid_is_ok(search_uid, i->name);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to verify uid " UID_FMT ": %m", i->uid);

else if (r > 0)

break;

}

i->uid_set = true;

i->uid = search_uid;

}

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&todo_uids, NULL);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

r = hashmap_put(todo_uids, UID_TO_PTR(i->uid), i);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

i->todo_user = true;

log_info("Creating user %s (%s) with uid " UID_FMT " and gid " GID_FMT ".", i->name, strna(i->description), i->uid, i->gid);

return 0;

}

static int gid_is_ok(gid_t gid) {

struct group *g;

struct passwd *p;

if (hashmap_get(todo_gids, GID_TO_PTR(gid)))

return 0;

/* Avoid reusing gids that are already used by a different user */

if (hashmap_get(todo_uids, UID_TO_PTR(gid)))

return 0;

if (hashmap_contains(database_gid, GID_TO_PTR(gid)))

return 0;

if (hashmap_contains(database_uid, UID_TO_PTR(gid)))

return 0;

if (!arg_root) {

errno = 0;

g = getgrgid(gid);

if (g)

return 0;

if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT))

return -errno;

errno = 0;

p = getpwuid((uid_t) gid);

if (p)

return 0;

if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT))

return -errno;

}

return 1;

}

static int add_group(Item *i) {

void *z;

int r;

assert(i);

/* Check the database directly */

z = hashmap_get(database_group, i->name);

if (z) {

log_debug("Group %s already exists.", i->name);

i->gid = PTR_TO_GID(z);

i->gid_set = true;

return 0;

}

/* Also check NSS */

if (!arg_root) {

struct group *g;

errno = 0;

g = getgrnam(i->name);

if (g) {

log_debug("Group %s already exists.", i->name);

i->gid = g->gr_gid;

i->gid_set = true;

return 0;

}

if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT))

return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to check if group %s already exists: %m", i->name);

}

/* Try to use the suggested numeric gid */

if (i->gid_set) {

r = gid_is_ok(i->gid);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to verify gid " GID_FMT ": %m", i->gid);

if (r == 0) {

log_debug("Suggested group ID " GID_FMT " for %s already used.", i->gid, i->name);

i->gid_set = false;

}

}

/* Try to reuse the numeric uid, if there's one */

if (!i->gid_set && i->uid_set) {

r = gid_is_ok((gid_t) i->uid);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to verify gid " GID_FMT ": %m", i->gid);

if (r > 0) {

i->gid = (gid_t) i->uid;

i->gid_set = true;

}

}

/* If that didn't work, try to read it from the specified path */

if (!i->gid_set) {

gid_t c;

if (read_id_from_file(i, NULL, &c) > 0) {

if (c <= 0 || !uid_range_contains(uid_range, n_uid_range, c))

log_debug("Group ID " GID_FMT " of file not suitable for %s.", c, i->name);

else {

r = gid_is_ok(c);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to verify gid " GID_FMT ": %m", i->gid);

else if (r > 0) {

i->gid = c;

i->gid_set = true;

} else

log_debug("Group ID " GID_FMT " of file for %s already used.", c, i->name);

}

}

}

/* And if that didn't work either, let's try to find a free one */

if (!i->gid_set) {

for (;;) {

/* We look for new GIDs in the UID pool! */

r = uid_range_next_lower(uid_range, n_uid_range, &search_uid);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("No free group ID available for %s.", i->name);

return r;

}

r = gid_is_ok(search_uid);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to verify gid " GID_FMT ": %m", i->gid);

else if (r > 0)

break;

}

i->gid_set = true;

i->gid = search_uid;

}

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&todo_gids, NULL);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

r = hashmap_put(todo_gids, GID_TO_PTR(i->gid), i);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

i->todo_group = true;

log_info("Creating group %s with gid " GID_FMT ".", i->name, i->gid);

return 0;

}

static int process_item(Item *i) {

int r;

assert(i);

switch (i->type) {

case ADD_USER:

r = add_group(i);

if (r < 0)

return r;

return add_user(i);

case ADD_GROUP: {

Item *j;

j = hashmap_get(users, i->name);

if (j) {

/* There's already user to be created for this

if (i->gid_set) {

j->gid = i->gid;

j->gid_set = true;

}

if (i->gid_path) {

r = free_and_strdup(&j->gid_path, i->gid_path);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

}

return 0;

}

return add_group(i);

}

default:

assert_not_reached("Unknown item type");

}

}

static void item_free(Item *i) {

if (!i)

return;

free(i->name);

free(i->uid_path);

free(i->gid_path);

free(i->description);

free(i);

}

DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(Item*, item_free);

static int add_implicit(void) {

char *g, **l;

Iterator iterator;

int r;

/* Implicitly create additional users and groups, if they were listed in "m" lines */

HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(l, g, members, iterator) {

Item *i;

char **m;

i = hashmap_get(groups, g);

if (!i) {

_cleanup_(item_freep) Item *j = NULL;

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&groups, &string_hash_ops);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

j = new0(Item, 1);

if (!j)

return log_oom();

j->type = ADD_GROUP;

j->name = strdup(g);

if (!j->name)

return log_oom();

r = hashmap_put(groups, j->name, j);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

log_debug("Adding implicit group '%s' due to m line", j->name);

j = NULL;

}

STRV_FOREACH(m, l) {

i = hashmap_get(users, *m);

if (!i) {

_cleanup_(item_freep) Item *j = NULL;

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&users, &string_hash_ops);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

j = new0(Item, 1);

if (!j)

return log_oom();

j->type = ADD_USER;

j->name = strdup(*m);

if (!j->name)

return log_oom();

r = hashmap_put(users, j->name, j);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

log_debug("Adding implicit user '%s' due to m line", j->name);

j = NULL;

}

}

}

return 0;

}

static bool item_equal(Item *a, Item *b) {

assert(a);

assert(b);

if (a->type != b->type)

return false;

if (!streq_ptr(a->name, b->name))

return false;

if (!streq_ptr(a->uid_path, b->uid_path))

return false;

if (!streq_ptr(a->gid_path, b->gid_path))

return false;

if (!streq_ptr(a->description, b->description))

return false;

if (a->uid_set != b->uid_set)

return false;

if (a->uid_set && a->uid != b->uid)

return false;

if (a->gid_set != b->gid_set)

return false;

if (a->gid_set && a->gid != b->gid)

return false;

if (!streq_ptr(a->home, b->home))

return false;

return true;

}

static bool valid_user_group_name(const char *u) {

const char *i;

long sz;

if (isempty(u))

return false;

if (!(u[0] >= 'a' && u[0] <= 'z') &&

!(u[0] >= 'A' && u[0] <= 'Z') &&

u[0] != '_')

return false;

for (i = u+1; *i; i++) {

if (!(*i >= 'a' && *i <= 'z') &&

!(*i >= 'A' && *i <= 'Z') &&

!(*i >= '0' && *i <= '9') &&

*i != '_' &&

*i != '-')

return false;

}

sz = sysconf(_SC_LOGIN_NAME_MAX);

assert_se(sz > 0);

if ((size_t) (i-u) > (size_t) sz)

return false;

if ((size_t) (i-u) > UT_NAMESIZE - 1)

return false;

return true;

}

static bool valid_gecos(const char *d) {

if (!d)

return false;

if (!utf8_is_valid(d))

return false;

if (string_has_cc(d, NULL))

return false;

/* Colons are used as field separators, and hence not OK */

if (strchr(d, ':'))

return false;

return true;

}

static bool valid_home(const char *p) {

if (isempty(p))

return false;

if (!utf8_is_valid(p))

return false;

if (string_has_cc(p, NULL))

return false;

if (!path_is_absolute(p))

return false;

if (!path_is_safe(p))

return false;

/* Colons are used as field separators, and hence not OK */

if (strchr(p, ':'))

return false;

return true;

}

static int parse_line(const char *fname, unsigned line, const char *buffer) {

static const Specifier specifier_table[] = {

{ 'm', specifier_machine_id, NULL },

{ 'b', specifier_boot_id, NULL },

{ 'H', specifier_host_name, NULL },

{ 'v', specifier_kernel_release, NULL },

{}

};

_cleanup_free_ char *action = NULL, *name = NULL, *id = NULL, *resolved_name = NULL, *resolved_id = NULL, *description = NULL, *home = NULL;

_cleanup_(item_freep) Item *i = NULL;

Item *existing;

Hashmap *h;

int r;

const char *p;

assert(fname);

assert(line >= 1);

assert(buffer);

/* Parse columns */

p = buffer;

r = extract_many_words(&p, NULL, EXTRACT_QUOTES, &action, &name, &id, &description, &home, NULL);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Syntax error.", fname, line);

return r;

}

if (r < 2) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Missing action and name columns.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

if (!isempty(p)) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Trailing garbage.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

/* Verify action */

if (strlen(action) != 1) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Unknown modifier '%s'", fname, line, action);

return -EINVAL;

}

if (!IN_SET(action[0], ADD_USER, ADD_GROUP, ADD_MEMBER, ADD_RANGE)) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Unknown command command type '%c'.", fname, line, action[0]);

return -EBADMSG;

}

/* Verify name */

if (isempty(name) || streq(name, "-"))

name = mfree(name);

if (name) {

r = specifier_printf(name, specifier_table, NULL, &resolved_name);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Failed to replace specifiers: %s", fname, line, name);

return r;

}

if (!valid_user_group_name(resolved_name)) {

log_error("[%s:%u] '%s' is not a valid user or group name.", fname, line, resolved_name);

return -EINVAL;

}

}

/* Verify id */

if (isempty(id) || streq(id, "-"))

id = mfree(id);

if (id) {

r = specifier_printf(id, specifier_table, NULL, &resolved_id);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Failed to replace specifiers: %s", fname, line, name);

return r;

}

}

/* Verify description */

if (isempty(description) || streq(description, "-"))

description = mfree(description);

if (description) {

if (!valid_gecos(description)) {

log_error("[%s:%u] '%s' is not a valid GECOS field.", fname, line, description);

return -EINVAL;

}

}

/* Verify home */

if (isempty(home) || streq(home, "-"))

home = mfree(home);

if (home) {

if (!valid_home(home)) {

log_error("[%s:%u] '%s' is not a valid home directory field.", fname, line, home);

return -EINVAL;

}

}

switch (action[0]) {

case ADD_RANGE:

if (resolved_name) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Lines of type 'r' don't take a name field.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

if (!resolved_id) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Lines of type 'r' require a ID range in the third field.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

if (description) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Lines of type 'r' don't take a GECOS field.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

if (home) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Lines of type 'r' don't take a home directory field.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

r = uid_range_add_str(&uid_range, &n_uid_range, resolved_id);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Invalid UID range %s.", fname, line, resolved_id);

return -EINVAL;

}

return 0;

case ADD_MEMBER: {

char **l;

/* Try to extend an existing member or group item */

if (!name) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Lines of type 'm' require a user name in the second field.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

if (!resolved_id) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Lines of type 'm' require a group name in the third field.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

if (!valid_user_group_name(resolved_id)) {

log_error("[%s:%u] '%s' is not a valid user or group name.", fname, line, resolved_id);

return -EINVAL;

}

if (description) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Lines of type 'm' don't take a GECOS field.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

if (home) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Lines of type 'm' don't take a home directory field.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&members, &string_hash_ops);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

l = hashmap_get(members, resolved_id);

if (l) {

/* A list for this group name already exists, let's append to it */

r = strv_push(&l, resolved_name);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

resolved_name = NULL;

assert_se(hashmap_update(members, resolved_id, l) >= 0);

} else {

/* No list for this group name exists yet, create one */

l = new0(char *, 2);

if (!l)

return -ENOMEM;

l[0] = resolved_name;

l[1] = NULL;

r = hashmap_put(members, resolved_id, l);

if (r < 0) {

free(l);

return log_oom();

}

resolved_id = resolved_name = NULL;

}

return 0;

}

case ADD_USER:

if (!name) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Lines of type 'u' require a user name in the second field.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&users, &string_hash_ops);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

i = new0(Item, 1);

if (!i)

return log_oom();

if (resolved_id) {

if (path_is_absolute(resolved_id)) {

i->uid_path = resolved_id;

resolved_id = NULL;

path_kill_slashes(i->uid_path);

} else {

r = parse_uid(resolved_id, &i->uid);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse UID: %s", id);

return -EBADMSG;

}

i->uid_set = true;

}

}

i->description = description;

description = NULL;

i->home = home;

home = NULL;

h = users;

break;

case ADD_GROUP:

if (!name) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Lines of type 'g' require a user name in the second field.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

if (description) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Lines of type 'g' don't take a GECOS field.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

if (home) {

log_error("[%s:%u] Lines of type 'g' don't take a home directory field.", fname, line);

return -EINVAL;

}

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&groups, &string_hash_ops);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

i = new0(Item, 1);

if (!i)

return log_oom();

if (resolved_id) {

if (path_is_absolute(resolved_id)) {

i->gid_path = resolved_id;

resolved_id = NULL;

path_kill_slashes(i->gid_path);

} else {

r = parse_gid(resolved_id, &i->gid);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse GID: %s", id);

return -EBADMSG;

}

i->gid_set = true;

}

}

h = groups;

break;

default:

return -EBADMSG;

}

i->type = action[0];

i->name = resolved_name;

resolved_name = NULL;

existing = hashmap_get(h, i->name);

if (existing) {

/* Two identical items are fine */

if (!item_equal(existing, i))

log_warning("Two or more conflicting lines for %s configured, ignoring.", i->name);

return 0;

}

r = hashmap_put(h, i->name, i);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

i = NULL;

return 0;

}

static int read_config_file(const char *fn, bool ignore_enoent) {

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *rf = NULL;

FILE *f = NULL;

char line[LINE_MAX];

unsigned v = 0;

int r = 0;

assert(fn);

if (streq(fn, "-"))

f = stdin;

else {

r = search_and_fopen_nulstr(fn, "re", arg_root, conf_file_dirs, &rf);

if (r < 0) {

if (ignore_enoent && r == -ENOENT)

return 0;

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open '%s', ignoring: %m", fn);

}

f = rf;

}

FOREACH_LINE(line, f, break) {

char *l;

int k;

v++;

l = strstrip(line);

if (*l == '#' || *l == 0)

continue;

k = parse_line(fn, v, l);

if (k < 0 && r == 0)

r = k;

}

if (ferror(f)) {

log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read from file %s: %m", fn);

if (r == 0)

r = -EIO;

}

return r;

}

static void free_database(Hashmap *by_name, Hashmap *by_id) {

char *name;

for (;;) {

name = hashmap_first(by_id);

if (!name)

break;

hashmap_remove(by_name, name);

hashmap_steal_first_key(by_id);

free(name);

}

while ((name = hashmap_steal_first_key(by_name)))

free(name);

hashmap_free(by_name);

hashmap_free(by_id);

}

static void help(void) {

printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [CONFIGURATION FILE...]\n\n"

"Creates system user accounts.\n\n"

" -h --help Show this help\n"

" --version Show package version\n"

" --root=PATH Operate on an alternate filesystem root\n"

, program_invocation_short_name);

}

static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {

enum {

ARG_VERSION = 0x100,

ARG_ROOT,

};

static const struct option options[] = {

{ "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },

{ "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },

{ "root", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT },

{}

};

int c, r;

assert(argc >= 0);

assert(argv);

while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "h", options, NULL)) >= 0)

switch (c) {

case 'h':

help();

return 0;

case ARG_VERSION:

return version();

case ARG_ROOT:

r = parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg, true, &arg_root);

if (r < 0)

return r;

break;

case '?':

return -EINVAL;

default:

assert_not_reached("Unhandled option");

}

return 1;

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

_cleanup_close_ int lock = -1;

Iterator iterator;

int r, k;

Item *i;

char *n;

r = parse_argv(argc, argv);

if (r <= 0)

goto finish;

log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_AUTO);

log_parse_environment();

log_open();

umask(0022);

r = mac_selinux_init(NULL);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "SELinux setup failed: %m");

goto finish;

}

if (optind < argc) {

int j;

for (j = optind; j < argc; j++) {

k = read_config_file(argv[j], false);

if (k < 0 && r == 0)

r = k;

}

} else {

_cleanup_strv_free_ char **files = NULL;

char **f;

r = conf_files_list_nulstr(&files, ".conf", arg_root, conf_file_dirs);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to enumerate sysusers.d files: %m");

goto finish;

}

STRV_FOREACH(f, files) {

k = read_config_file(*f, true);

if (k < 0 && r == 0)

r = k;

}

}

if (!uid_range) {

/* Default to default range of 1..SYSTEMD_UID_MAX */

r = uid_range_add(&uid_range, &n_uid_range, 1, SYSTEM_UID_MAX);

if (r < 0) {

log_oom();

goto finish;

}

}

r = add_implicit();

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

lock = take_etc_passwd_lock(arg_root);

if (lock < 0) {

log_error_errno(lock, "Failed to take lock: %m");

goto finish;

}

r = load_user_database();

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to load user database: %m");

goto finish;

}

r = load_group_database();

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read group database: %m");

goto finish;

}

HASHMAP_FOREACH(i, groups, iterator)

process_item(i);

HASHMAP_FOREACH(i, users, iterator)

process_item(i);

r = write_files();

if (r < 0)

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write files: %m");

finish:

while ((i = hashmap_steal_first(groups)))

item_free(i);

while ((i = hashmap_steal_first(users)))

item_free(i);

while ((n = hashmap_first_key(members))) {

strv_free(hashmap_steal_first(members));

free(n);

}

hashmap_free(groups);

hashmap_free(users);

hashmap_free(members);

hashmap_free(todo_uids);

hashmap_free(todo_gids);

free_database(database_user, database_uid);

free_database(database_group, database_gid);

free(arg_root);

return r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS;

}