#include <sys/socket.h>

#include <unistd.h>

#include <errno.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <getopt.h>

#include <pwd.h>

#include <locale.h>

#include <fcntl.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>

#include <arpa/inet.h>

#include <net/if.h>

#include <sys/mount.h>

#include <libgen.h>

#include "sd-bus.h"

#include "log.h"

#include "util.h"

#include "macro.h"

#include "pager.h"

#include "bus-util.h"

#include "bus-error.h"

#include "build.h"

#include "strv.h"

#include "unit-name.h"

#include "cgroup-show.h"

#include "cgroup-util.h"

#include "ptyfwd.h"

#include "event-util.h"

#include "path-util.h"

#include "mkdir.h"

#include "copy.h"

#include "verbs.h"

static char **arg_property = NULL;

static bool arg_all = false;

static bool arg_full = false;

static bool arg_no_pager = false;

static bool arg_legend = true;

static const char *arg_kill_who = NULL;

static int arg_signal = SIGTERM;

static BusTransport arg_transport = BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL;

static char *arg_host = NULL;

static bool arg_read_only = false;

static bool arg_mkdir = false;

static bool arg_quiet = false;

static void pager_open_if_enabled(void) {

/* Cache result before we open the pager */

if (arg_no_pager)

return;

pager_open(false);

}

static int list_machines(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

const char *name, *class, *service, *object;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

unsigned k = 0;

int r;

assert(bus);

pager_open_if_enabled();

r = sd_bus_call_method(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"ListMachines",

&error,

&reply,

"");

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Could not get machines: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

if (arg_legend)

printf("%-32s %-9s %-16s\n", "MACHINE", "CONTAINER", "SERVICE");

r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "(ssso)");

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

while ((r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "(ssso)", &name, &class, &service, &object)) > 0) {

printf("%-32s %-9s %-16s\n", name, class, service);

k++;

}

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(reply);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

if (arg_legend)

printf("\n%u machines listed.\n", k);

return 0;

}

typedef struct ImageInfo {

const char *name;

const char *type;

bool read_only;

usec_t crtime;

usec_t mtime;

uint64_t size;

} ImageInfo;

static int compare_image_info(const void *a, const void *b) {

const ImageInfo *x = a, *y = b;

return strcmp(x->name, y->name);

}

static int list_images(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

size_t max_name = strlen("NAME"), max_type = strlen("TYPE"), max_size = strlen("SIZE"), max_crtime = strlen("CREATED"), max_mtime = strlen("MODIFIED");

_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;

_cleanup_free_ ImageInfo *images = NULL;

size_t n_images = 0, n_allocated = 0, j;

const char *name, *type, *object;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

uint64_t crtime, mtime, size;

int read_only, r;

assert(bus);

pager_open_if_enabled();

r = sd_bus_call_method(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"ListImages",

&error,

&reply,

"");

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Could not get images: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "(ssbttto)");

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

while ((r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "(ssbttto)", &name, &type, &read_only, &crtime, &mtime, &size, &object)) > 0) {

char buf[MAX(FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX, FORMAT_BYTES_MAX)];

size_t l;

if (name[0] == '.' && !arg_all)

continue;

if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(images, n_allocated, n_images + 1))

return log_oom();

images[n_images].name = name;

images[n_images].type = type;

images[n_images].read_only = read_only;

images[n_images].crtime = crtime;

images[n_images].mtime = mtime;

images[n_images].size = size;

l = strlen(name);

if (l > max_name)

max_name = l;

l = strlen(type);

if (l > max_type)

max_type = l;

if (crtime != 0) {

l = strlen(strna(format_timestamp(buf, sizeof(buf), crtime)));

if (l > max_crtime)

max_crtime = l;

}

if (mtime != 0) {

l = strlen(strna(format_timestamp(buf, sizeof(buf), mtime)));

if (l > max_mtime)

max_mtime = l;

}

if (size != (uint64_t) -1) {

l = strlen(strna(format_bytes(buf, sizeof(buf), size)));

if (l > max_size)

max_size = l;

}

n_images++;

}

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(reply);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

qsort_safe(images, n_images, sizeof(ImageInfo), compare_image_info);

if (arg_legend)

printf("%-*s %-*s %-3s %-*s %-*s %-*s\n",

(int) max_name, "NAME",

(int) max_type, "TYPE",

"RO",

(int) max_size, "SIZE",

(int) max_crtime, "CREATED",

(int) max_mtime, "MODIFIED");

for (j = 0; j < n_images; j++) {

char crtime_buf[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], mtime_buf[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], size_buf[FORMAT_BYTES_MAX];

printf("%-*s %-*s %s%-3s%s %-*s %-*s %-*s\n",

(int) max_name, images[j].name,

(int) max_type, images[j].type,

images[j].read_only ? ansi_highlight_red() : "", yes_no(images[j].read_only), images[j].read_only ? ansi_highlight_off() : "",

(int) max_size, strna(format_bytes(size_buf, sizeof(size_buf), images[j].size)),

(int) max_crtime, strna(format_timestamp(crtime_buf, sizeof(crtime_buf), images[j].crtime)),

(int) max_mtime, strna(format_timestamp(mtime_buf, sizeof(mtime_buf), images[j].mtime)));

}

if (arg_legend)

printf("\n%zu images listed.\n", n_images);

return 0;

}

static int show_unit_cgroup(sd_bus *bus, const char *unit, pid_t leader) {

_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

_cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;

const char *cgroup;

int r, output_flags;

unsigned c;

assert(bus);

assert(unit);

if (arg_transport == BUS_TRANSPORT_REMOTE)

return 0;

path = unit_dbus_path_from_name(unit);

if (!path)

return log_oom();

r = sd_bus_get_property(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.systemd1",

path,

endswith(unit, ".scope") ? "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Scope" : "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Service",

"ControlGroup",

&error,

&reply,

"s");

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to query ControlGroup: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "s", &cgroup);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

if (isempty(cgroup))

return 0;

if (cg_is_empty_recursive(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER, cgroup, false) != 0 && leader <= 0)

return 0;

output_flags =

arg_all * OUTPUT_SHOW_ALL |

arg_full * OUTPUT_FULL_WIDTH;

c = columns();

if (c > 18)

c -= 18;

else

c = 0;

show_cgroup_and_extra(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER, cgroup, "\t\t ", c, false, &leader, leader > 0, output_flags);

return 0;

}

static int print_addresses(sd_bus *bus, const char *name, int ifi, const char *prefix, const char *prefix2) {

_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;

int r;

assert(bus);

assert(name);

assert(prefix);

assert(prefix2);

r = sd_bus_call_method(bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"GetMachineAddresses",

NULL,

&reply,

"s", name);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, 'a', "(iay)");

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

while ((r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, 'r', "iay")) > 0) {

int family;

const void *a;

size_t sz;

char buffer[MAX(INET6_ADDRSTRLEN, INET_ADDRSTRLEN)];

r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "i", &family);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

r = sd_bus_message_read_array(reply, 'y', &a, &sz);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

fputs(prefix, stdout);

fputs(inet_ntop(family, a, buffer, sizeof(buffer)), stdout);

if (family == AF_INET6 && ifi > 0)

printf("%%%i", ifi);

fputc('\n', stdout);

r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(reply);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

if (prefix != prefix2)

prefix = prefix2;

}

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(reply);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

return 0;

}

static int print_os_release(sd_bus *bus, const char *name, const char *prefix) {

_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;

const char *k, *v, *pretty = NULL;

int r;

assert(bus);

assert(name);

assert(prefix);

r = sd_bus_call_method(bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"GetMachineOSRelease",

NULL,

&reply,

"s", name);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, 'a', "{ss}");

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

while ((r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "{ss}", &k, &v)) > 0) {

if (streq(k, "PRETTY_NAME"))

pretty = v;

}

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(reply);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

if (pretty)

printf("%s%s\n", prefix, pretty);

return 0;

}

typedef struct MachineStatusInfo {

char *name;

sd_id128_t id;

char *class;

char *service;

char *unit;

char *root_directory;

pid_t leader;

usec_t timestamp;

int *netif;

unsigned n_netif;

} MachineStatusInfo;

static void print_machine_status_info(sd_bus *bus, MachineStatusInfo *i) {

char since1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_RELATIVE_MAX], *s1;

char since2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;

int ifi = -1;

assert(bus);

assert(i);

fputs(strna(i->name), stdout);

if (!sd_id128_equal(i->id, SD_ID128_NULL))

printf("(" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR ")\n", SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(i->id));

else

putchar('\n');

s1 = format_timestamp_relative(since1, sizeof(since1), i->timestamp);

s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), i->timestamp);

if (s1)

printf("\t Since: %s; %s\n", s2, s1);

else if (s2)

printf("\t Since: %s\n", s2);

if (i->leader > 0) {

_cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;

printf("\t Leader: %u", (unsigned) i->leader);

get_process_comm(i->leader, &t);

if (t)

printf(" (%s)", t);

putchar('\n');

}

if (i->service) {

printf("\t Service: %s", i->service);

if (i->class)

printf("; class %s", i->class);

putchar('\n');

} else if (i->class)

printf("\t Class: %s\n", i->class);

if (i->root_directory)

printf("\t Root: %s\n", i->root_directory);

if (i->n_netif > 0) {

unsigned c;

fputs("\t Iface:", stdout);

for (c = 0; c < i->n_netif; c++) {

char name[IF_NAMESIZE+1] = "";

if (if_indextoname(i->netif[c], name)) {

fputc(' ', stdout);

fputs(name, stdout);

if (ifi < 0)

ifi = i->netif[c];

else

ifi = 0;

} else

printf(" %i", i->netif[c]);

}

fputc('\n', stdout);

}

print_addresses(bus, i->name, ifi,

"\t Address: ",

"\t ");

print_os_release(bus, i->name, "\t OS: ");

if (i->unit) {

printf("\t Unit: %s\n", i->unit);

show_unit_cgroup(bus, i->unit, i->leader);

}

}

static int map_netif(sd_bus *bus, const char *member, sd_bus_message *m, sd_bus_error *error, void *userdata) {

MachineStatusInfo *i = userdata;

size_t l;

const void *v;

int r;

assert_cc(sizeof(int32_t) == sizeof(int));

r = sd_bus_message_read_array(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_INT32, &v, &l);

if (r < 0)

return r;

if (r == 0)

return -EBADMSG;

i->n_netif = l / sizeof(int32_t);

i->netif = memdup(v, l);

if (!i->netif)

return -ENOMEM;

return 0;

}

static int show_machine_info(const char *verb, sd_bus *bus, const char *path, bool *new_line) {

static const struct bus_properties_map map[] = {

{ "Name", "s", NULL, offsetof(MachineStatusInfo, name) },

{ "Class", "s", NULL, offsetof(MachineStatusInfo, class) },

{ "Service", "s", NULL, offsetof(MachineStatusInfo, service) },

{ "Unit", "s", NULL, offsetof(MachineStatusInfo, unit) },

{ "RootDirectory", "s", NULL, offsetof(MachineStatusInfo, root_directory) },

{ "Leader", "u", NULL, offsetof(MachineStatusInfo, leader) },

{ "Timestamp", "t", NULL, offsetof(MachineStatusInfo, timestamp) },

{ "Id", "ay", bus_map_id128, offsetof(MachineStatusInfo, id) },

{ "NetworkInterfaces", "ai", map_netif, 0 },

{}

};

MachineStatusInfo info = {};

int r;

assert(verb);

assert(bus);

assert(path);

assert(new_line);

r = bus_map_all_properties(bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

path,

map,

&info);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Could not get properties: %m");

if (*new_line)

printf("\n");

*new_line = true;

print_machine_status_info(bus, &info);

free(info.name);

free(info.class);

free(info.service);

free(info.unit);

free(info.root_directory);

free(info.netif);

return r;

}

static int show_machine_properties(sd_bus *bus, const char *path, bool *new_line) {

int r;

assert(bus);

assert(path);

assert(new_line);

if (*new_line)

printf("\n");

*new_line = true;

r = bus_print_all_properties(bus, "org.freedesktop.machine1", path, arg_property, arg_all);

if (r < 0)

log_error_errno(r, "Could not get properties: %m");

return r;

}

static int show_machine(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;

bool properties, new_line = false;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

int r = 0, i;

assert(bus);

properties = !strstr(argv[0], "status");

pager_open_if_enabled();

if (properties && argc <= 1) {

/* If no argument is specified, inspect the manager

r = show_machine_properties(bus, "/org/freedesktop/machine1", &new_line);

if (r < 0)

return r;

}

for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {

const char *path = NULL;

r = sd_bus_call_method(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"GetMachine",

&error,

&reply,

"s", argv[i]);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Could not get path to machine: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "o", &path);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

if (properties)

r = show_machine_properties(bus, path, &new_line);

else

r = show_machine_info(argv[0], bus, path, &new_line);

}

return r;

}

typedef struct ImageStatusInfo {

char *name;

char *path;

char *type;

int read_only;

usec_t crtime;

usec_t mtime;

uint64_t size;

uint64_t limit;

uint64_t size_exclusive;

uint64_t limit_exclusive;

} ImageStatusInfo;

static void print_image_status_info(sd_bus *bus, ImageStatusInfo *i) {

char ts_relative[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_RELATIVE_MAX], *s1;

char ts_absolute[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;

char bs[FORMAT_BYTES_MAX], *s3;

char bs_exclusive[FORMAT_BYTES_MAX], *s4;

assert(bus);

assert(i);

if (i->name) {

fputs(i->name, stdout);

putchar('\n');

}

if (i->path)

printf("\t Type: %s\n", i->type);

if (i->path)

printf("\t Path: %s\n", i->path);

printf("\t RO: %s%s%s\n",

i->read_only ? ansi_highlight_red() : "",

i->read_only ? "read-only" : "writable",

i->read_only ? ansi_highlight_off() : "");

s1 = format_timestamp_relative(ts_relative, sizeof(ts_relative), i->crtime);

s2 = format_timestamp(ts_absolute, sizeof(ts_absolute), i->crtime);

if (s1 && s2)

printf("\t Created: %s; %s\n", s2, s1);

else if (s2)

printf("\t Created: %s\n", s2);

s1 = format_timestamp_relative(ts_relative, sizeof(ts_relative), i->mtime);

s2 = format_timestamp(ts_absolute, sizeof(ts_absolute), i->mtime);

if (s1 && s2)

printf("\tModified: %s; %s\n", s2, s1);

else if (s2)

printf("\tModified: %s\n", s2);

s3 = format_bytes(bs, sizeof(bs), i->size);

s4 = i->size_exclusive != i->size ? format_bytes(bs_exclusive, sizeof(bs_exclusive), i->size_exclusive) : NULL;

if (s3 && s4)

printf("\t Size: %s (exclusive: %s)\n", s3, s4);

else if (s3)

printf("\t Size: %s\n", s3);

s3 = format_bytes(bs, sizeof(bs), i->limit);

s4 = i->limit_exclusive != i->limit ? format_bytes(bs_exclusive, sizeof(bs_exclusive), i->limit_exclusive) : NULL;

if (s3 && s4)

printf("\t Limit: %s (exclusive: %s)\n", s3, s4);

else if (s3)

printf("\t Limit: %s\n", s3);

}

static int show_image_info(const char *verb, sd_bus *bus, const char *path, bool *new_line) {

static const struct bus_properties_map map[] = {

{ "Name", "s", NULL, offsetof(ImageStatusInfo, name) },

{ "Path", "s", NULL, offsetof(ImageStatusInfo, path) },

{ "Type", "s", NULL, offsetof(ImageStatusInfo, type) },

{ "ReadOnly", "b", NULL, offsetof(ImageStatusInfo, read_only) },

{ "CreationTimestamp", "t", NULL, offsetof(ImageStatusInfo, crtime) },

{ "ModificationTimestamp", "t", NULL, offsetof(ImageStatusInfo, mtime) },

{ "Size", "t", NULL, offsetof(ImageStatusInfo, size) },

{ "Limit", "t", NULL, offsetof(ImageStatusInfo, limit) },

{ "SizeExclusive", "t", NULL, offsetof(ImageStatusInfo, size_exclusive) },

{ "LimitExclusive", "t", NULL, offsetof(ImageStatusInfo, limit_exclusive) },

{}

};

ImageStatusInfo info = {};

int r;

assert(verb);

assert(bus);

assert(path);

assert(new_line);

r = bus_map_all_properties(bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

path,

map,

&info);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Could not get properties: %m");

if (*new_line)

printf("\n");

*new_line = true;

print_image_status_info(bus, &info);

free(info.name);

free(info.path);

free(info.type);

return r;

}

static int show_image_properties(sd_bus *bus, const char *path, bool *new_line) {

int r;

assert(bus);

assert(path);

assert(new_line);

if (*new_line)

printf("\n");

*new_line = true;

r = bus_print_all_properties(bus, "org.freedesktop.machine1", path, arg_property, arg_all);

if (r < 0)

log_error_errno(r, "Could not get properties: %m");

return r;

}

static int show_image(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;

bool properties, new_line = false;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

int r = 0, i;

assert(bus);

properties = !strstr(argv[0], "status");

pager_open_if_enabled();

if (properties && argc <= 1) {

/* If no argument is specified, inspect the manager

r = show_image_properties(bus, "/org/freedesktop/machine1", &new_line);

if (r < 0)

return r;

}

for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {

const char *path = NULL;

r = sd_bus_call_method(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"GetImage",

&error,

&reply,

"s", argv[i]);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Could not get path to image: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "o", &path);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

if (properties)

r = show_image_properties(bus, path, &new_line);

else

r = show_image_info(argv[0], bus, path, &new_line);

}

return r;

}

static int kill_machine(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

int i;

assert(bus);

if (!arg_kill_who)

arg_kill_who = "all";

for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {

int r;

r = sd_bus_call_method(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"KillMachine",

&error,

NULL,

"ssi", argv[i], arg_kill_who, arg_signal);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Could not kill machine: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

}

return 0;

}

static int reboot_machine(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

arg_kill_who = "leader";

arg_signal = SIGINT; /* sysvinit + systemd */

return kill_machine(argc, argv, userdata);

}

static int poweroff_machine(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

arg_kill_who = "leader";

arg_signal = SIGRTMIN+4; /* only systemd */

return kill_machine(argc, argv, userdata);

}

static int terminate_machine(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

int i;

assert(bus);

for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {

int r;

r = sd_bus_call_method(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"TerminateMachine",

&error,

NULL,

"s", argv[i]);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Could not terminate machine: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

}

return 0;

}

static int machine_get_leader(sd_bus *bus, const char *name, pid_t *ret) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL, *reply2 = NULL;

const char *object;

uint32_t leader;

int r;

assert(bus);

assert(name);

assert(ret);

r = sd_bus_call_method(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"GetMachine",

&error,

&reply,

"s", name);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Could not get path to machine: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "o", &object);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

r = sd_bus_get_property(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

object,

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Machine",

"Leader",

&error,

&reply2,

"u");

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to retrieve PID of leader: %m");

r = sd_bus_message_read(reply2, "u", &leader);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

*ret = leader;

return 0;

}

static int copy_files(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

char *dest, *host_path, *container_path, *host_dirname, *host_basename, *container_dirname, *container_basename, *t;

_cleanup_close_ int hostfd = -1;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

pid_t child, leader;

bool copy_from;

siginfo_t si;

int r;

assert(bus);

copy_from = streq(argv[0], "copy-from");

dest = argv[3] ?: argv[2];

host_path = strdupa(copy_from ? dest : argv[2]);

container_path = strdupa(copy_from ? argv[2] : dest);

if (!path_is_absolute(container_path)) {

log_error("Container path not absolute.");

return -EINVAL;

}

t = strdup(host_path);

host_basename = basename(t);

host_dirname = dirname(host_path);

t = strdup(container_path);

container_basename = basename(t);

container_dirname = dirname(container_path);

r = machine_get_leader(bus, argv[1], &leader);

if (r < 0)

return r;

hostfd = open(host_dirname, O_CLOEXEC|O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_DIRECTORY);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open source directory: %m");

child = fork();

if (child < 0)

return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to fork(): %m");

if (child == 0) {

int containerfd;

const char *q;

int mntfd;

q = procfs_file_alloca(leader, "ns/mnt");

mntfd = open(q, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);

if (mntfd < 0) {

log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open mount namespace of leader: %m");

_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

}

if (setns(mntfd, CLONE_NEWNS) < 0) {

log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to join namespace of leader: %m");

_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

}

containerfd = open(container_dirname, O_CLOEXEC|O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_DIRECTORY);

if (containerfd < 0) {

log_error_errno(errno, "Failed top open destination directory: %m");

_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

}

if (copy_from)

r = copy_tree_at(containerfd, container_basename, hostfd, host_basename, true);

else

r = copy_tree_at(hostfd, host_basename, containerfd, container_basename, true);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to copy tree: %m");

_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

}

_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

}

r = wait_for_terminate(child, &si);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to wait for client: %m");

if (si.si_code != CLD_EXITED) {

log_error("Client died abnormally.");

return -EIO;

}

if (si.si_status != EXIT_SUCCESS)

return -EIO;

return 0;

}

static int bind_mount(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

char mount_slave[] = "/tmp/propagate.XXXXXX", *mount_tmp, *mount_outside, *p;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

pid_t child, leader;

const char *dest;

siginfo_t si;

bool mount_slave_created = false, mount_slave_mounted = false,

mount_tmp_created = false, mount_tmp_mounted = false,

mount_outside_created = false, mount_outside_mounted = false;

int r;

assert(bus);

/* One day, when bind mounting /proc/self/fd/n works across

dest = argv[3] ?: argv[2];

if (!path_is_absolute(dest)) {

log_error("Destination path not absolute.");

return -EINVAL;

}

p = strappenda("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", argv[1], "/");

if (access(p, F_OK) < 0) {

log_error("Container does not allow propagation of mount points.");

return -ENOTSUP;

}

r = machine_get_leader(bus, argv[1], &leader);

if (r < 0)

return r;

/* Our goal is to install a new bind mount into the container,

if (!mkdtemp(mount_slave))

return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create playground: %m");

mount_slave_created = true;

if (mount(mount_slave, mount_slave, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL) < 0) {

r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to make bind mount: %m");

goto finish;

}

mount_slave_mounted = true;

if (mount(NULL, mount_slave, NULL, MS_SLAVE, NULL) < 0) {

r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remount slave: %m");

goto finish;

}

/* Second, we mount the source directory to a directory inside

mount_tmp = strappenda(mount_slave, "/mount");

if (mkdir(mount_tmp, 0700) < 0) {

r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create temporary mount: %m");

goto finish;

}

mount_tmp_created = true;

if (mount(argv[2], mount_tmp, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL) < 0) {

r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to overmount: %m");

goto finish;

}

mount_tmp_mounted = true;

/* Third, we remount the new bind mount read-only if requested. */

if (arg_read_only)

if (mount(NULL, mount_tmp, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY, NULL) < 0) {

r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to mark read-only: %m");

goto finish;

}

/* Fourth, we move the new bind mount into the propagation

mount_outside = strappenda("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", argv[1], "/XXXXXX");

if (!mkdtemp(mount_outside)) {

r = log_error_errno(errno, "Cannot create propagation directory: %m");

goto finish;

}

mount_outside_created = true;

if (mount(mount_tmp, mount_outside, NULL, MS_MOVE, NULL) < 0) {

r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to move: %m");

goto finish;

}

mount_outside_mounted = true;

mount_tmp_mounted = false;

(void) rmdir(mount_tmp);

mount_tmp_created = false;

(void) umount(mount_slave);

mount_slave_mounted = false;

(void) rmdir(mount_slave);

mount_slave_created = false;

child = fork();

if (child < 0) {

r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to fork(): %m");

goto finish;

}

if (child == 0) {

const char *mount_inside;

int mntfd;

const char *q;

q = procfs_file_alloca(leader, "ns/mnt");

mntfd = open(q, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);

if (mntfd < 0) {

log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open mount namespace of leader: %m");

_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

}

if (setns(mntfd, CLONE_NEWNS) < 0) {

log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to join namespace of leader: %m");

_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

}

if (arg_mkdir)

mkdir_p(dest, 0755);

/* Fifth, move the mount to the right place inside */

mount_inside = strappenda("/run/systemd/nspawn/incoming/", basename(mount_outside));

if (mount(mount_inside, dest, NULL, MS_MOVE, NULL) < 0) {

log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to mount: %m");

_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

}

_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

}

r = wait_for_terminate(child, &si);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to wait for client: %m");

goto finish;

}

if (si.si_code != CLD_EXITED) {

log_error("Client died abnormally.");

r = -EIO;

goto finish;

}

if (si.si_status != EXIT_SUCCESS) {

r = -EIO;

goto finish;

}

r = 0;

finish:

if (mount_outside_mounted)

umount(mount_outside);

if (mount_outside_created)

rmdir(mount_outside);

if (mount_tmp_mounted)

umount(mount_tmp);

if (mount_tmp_created)

umount(mount_tmp);

if (mount_slave_mounted)

umount(mount_slave);

if (mount_slave_created)

umount(mount_slave);

return r;

}

static int login_machine(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;

_cleanup_(pty_forward_freep) PTYForward *forward = NULL;

_cleanup_event_unref_ sd_event *event = NULL;

int master = -1, r, ret = 0;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

const char *pty;

sigset_t mask;

char last_char = 0;

assert(bus);

if (arg_transport != BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL &&

arg_transport != BUS_TRANSPORT_MACHINE) {

log_error("Login only supported on local machines.");

return -ENOTSUP;

}

r = sd_event_default(&event);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get event loop: %m");

r = sd_bus_attach_event(bus, event, 0);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to attach bus to event loop: %m");

r = sd_bus_message_new_method_call(bus,

&m,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"OpenMachineLogin");

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

r = sd_bus_message_set_allow_interactive_authorization(m, true);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "s", argv[1]);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

r = sd_bus_call(bus, m, 0, &error, &reply);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to get machine PTY: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "hs", &master, &pty);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);

sigset_add_many(&mask, SIGWINCH, SIGTERM, SIGINT, -1);

assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL) == 0);

log_info("Connected to container %s. Press ^] three times within 1s to exit session.", argv[1]);

sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGINT, NULL, NULL);

sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGTERM, NULL, NULL);

r = pty_forward_new(event, master, true, &forward);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create PTY forwarder: %m");

r = sd_event_loop(event);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to run event loop: %m");

pty_forward_last_char(forward, &last_char);

forward = pty_forward_free(forward);

if (last_char != '\n')

fputc('\n', stdout);

log_info("Connection to container %s terminated.", argv[1]);

sd_event_get_exit_code(event, &ret);

return ret;

}

static int remove_image(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

int r, i;

assert(bus);

for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {

r = sd_bus_call_method(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"RemoveImage",

&error,

NULL,

"s", argv[i]);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Could not remove image: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

}

return 0;

}

static int rename_image(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

int r;

r = sd_bus_call_method(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"RenameImage",

&error,

NULL,

"ss", argv[1], argv[2]);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Could not rename image: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

return 0;

}

static int clone_image(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

int r;

r = sd_bus_call_method(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"CloneImage",

&error,

NULL,

"ssb", argv[1], argv[2], arg_read_only);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Could not clone image: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

return 0;

}

static int read_only_image(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

int b = true, r;

if (argc > 2) {

b = parse_boolean(argv[2]);

if (b < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse boolean argument: %s", argv[2]);

return -EINVAL;

}

}

r = sd_bus_call_method(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.machine1",

"/org/freedesktop/machine1",

"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",

"MarkImageReadOnly",

&error,

NULL,

"sb", argv[1], b);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Could not mark image read-only: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

return 0;

}

static int start_machine(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

_cleanup_(bus_wait_for_jobs_freep) BusWaitForJobs *w = NULL;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

int r, i;

assert(bus);

r = bus_wait_for_jobs_new(bus, &w);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {

_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;

_cleanup_free_ char *e = NULL, *unit = NULL;

const char *object;

if (!machine_name_is_valid(argv[i])) {

log_error("Invalid machine name %s.", argv[i]);

return -EINVAL;

}

e = unit_name_escape(argv[i]);

if (!e)

return log_oom();

unit = unit_name_build("systemd-nspawn", e, ".service");

if (!unit)

return log_oom();

r = sd_bus_message_new_method_call(

bus,

&m,

"org.freedesktop.systemd1",

"/org/freedesktop/systemd1",

"org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",

"StartUnit");

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

r = sd_bus_message_set_allow_interactive_authorization(m, true);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "ss", unit, "fail");

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

r = sd_bus_call(bus, m, 0, &error, &reply);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to start unit: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "o", &object);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

r = bus_wait_for_jobs_add(w, object);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

}

r = bus_wait_for_jobs(w, arg_quiet);

if (r < 0)

return r;

return 0;

}

static int enable_machine(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

_cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

int carries_install_info = 0;

const char *method = NULL;

sd_bus *bus = userdata;

int r, i;

assert(bus);

method = streq(argv[0], "enable") ? "EnableUnitFiles" : "DisableUnitFiles";

r = sd_bus_message_new_method_call(

bus,

&m,

"org.freedesktop.systemd1",

"/org/freedesktop/systemd1",

"org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",

method);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

r = sd_bus_message_set_allow_interactive_authorization(m, true);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

r = sd_bus_message_open_container(m, 'a', "s");

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {

_cleanup_free_ char *e = NULL, *unit = NULL;

if (!machine_name_is_valid(argv[i])) {

log_error("Invalid machine name %s.", argv[i]);

return -EINVAL;

}

e = unit_name_escape(argv[i]);

if (!e)

return log_oom();

unit = unit_name_build("systemd-nspawn", e, ".service");

if (!unit)

return log_oom();

r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "s", unit);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

}

r = sd_bus_message_close_container(m);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

if (streq(argv[0], "enable"))

r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "bb", false, false);

else

r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "b", false);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

r = sd_bus_call(bus, m, 0, &error, &reply);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to enable or disable unit: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

if (streq(argv[0], "enable")) {

r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "b", carries_install_info);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_parse_error(r);

}

r = bus_deserialize_and_dump_unit_file_changes(reply, arg_quiet);

if (r < 0)

return r;

m = sd_bus_message_unref(m);

r = sd_bus_message_new_method_call(

bus,

&m,

"org.freedesktop.systemd1",

"/org/freedesktop/systemd1",

"org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",

"Reload");

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

r = sd_bus_message_set_allow_interactive_authorization(m, true);

if (r < 0)

return bus_log_create_error(r);

r = sd_bus_call(bus, m, 0, &error, NULL);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to reload daemon: %s", bus_error_message(&error, -r));

return r;

}

return 0;

}

static int help(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {

printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"

"Send control commands to or query the virtual machine and container\n"

"registration manager.\n\n"

" -h --help Show this help\n"

" --version Show package version\n"

" --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"

" --no-legend Do not show the headers and footers\n"

" -H --host=[USER@]HOST Operate on remote host\n"

" -M --machine=CONTAINER Operate on local container\n"

" -p --property=NAME Show only properties by this name\n"

" -q --quiet Suppress output\n"

" -a --all Show all properties, including empty ones\n"

" -l --full Do not ellipsize output\n"

" --kill-who=WHO Who to send signal to\n"

" -s --signal=SIGNAL Which signal to send\n"

" --read-only Create read-only bind mount\n"

" --mkdir Create directory before bind mounting, if missing\n\n"

"Machine Commands:\n"

" list List running VMs and containers\n"

" status NAME... Show VM/container details\n"

" show NAME... Show properties of one or more VMs/containers\n"

" login NAME Get a login prompt on a container\n"

" start NAME... Start container as a service\n"

" enable NAME... Enable automatic container start at boot\n"

" disable NAME... Disable automatic container start at boot\n"

" poweroff NAME... Power off one or more containers\n"

" reboot NAME... Reboot one or more containers\n"

" terminate NAME... Terminate one or more VMs/containers\n"

" kill NAME... Send signal to processes of a VM/container\n"

" copy-to NAME PATH [PATH] Copy files from the host to a container\n"

" copy-from NAME PATH [PATH] Copy files from a container to the host\n"

" bind NAME PATH [PATH] Bind mount a path from the host into a container\n\n"

"Image Commands:\n"

" list-images Show available images\n"

" image-status NAME... Show image details\n"

" show-image NAME... Show properties of image\n"

" clone NAME NAME Clone an image\n"

" rename NAME NAME Rename an image\n"

" read-only NAME [BOOL] Mark or unmark image read-only\n"

" remove NAME... Remove an image\n",

program_invocation_short_name);

return 0;

}

static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {

enum {

ARG_VERSION = 0x100,

ARG_NO_PAGER,

ARG_NO_LEGEND,

ARG_KILL_WHO,

ARG_READ_ONLY,

ARG_MKDIR,

};

static const struct option options[] = {

{ "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },

{ "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },

{ "property", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },

{ "all", no_argument, NULL, 'a' },

{ "full", no_argument, NULL, 'l' },

{ "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER },

{ "no-legend", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_LEGEND },

{ "kill-who", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_WHO },

{ "signal", required_argument, NULL, 's' },

{ "host", required_argument, NULL, 'H' },

{ "machine", required_argument, NULL, 'M' },

{ "read-only", no_argument, NULL, ARG_READ_ONLY },

{ "mkdir", no_argument, NULL, ARG_MKDIR },

{ "quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q' },

{}

};

int c, r;

assert(argc >= 0);

assert(argv);

while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hp:als:H:M:q", options, NULL)) >= 0)

switch (c) {

case 'h':

return help(0, NULL, NULL);

case ARG_VERSION:

puts(PACKAGE_STRING);

puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);

return 0;

case 'p':

r = strv_extend(&arg_property, optarg);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

/* If the user asked for a particular

arg_all = true;

break;

case 'a':

arg_all = true;

break;

case 'l':

arg_full = true;

break;

case ARG_NO_PAGER:

arg_no_pager = true;

break;

case ARG_NO_LEGEND:

arg_legend = false;

break;

case ARG_KILL_WHO:

arg_kill_who = optarg;

break;

case 's':

arg_signal = signal_from_string_try_harder(optarg);

if (arg_signal < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse signal string %s.", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

break;

case 'H':

arg_transport = BUS_TRANSPORT_REMOTE;

arg_host = optarg;

break;

case 'M':

arg_transport = BUS_TRANSPORT_MACHINE;

arg_host = optarg;

break;

case ARG_READ_ONLY:

arg_read_only = true;

break;

case ARG_MKDIR:

arg_mkdir = true;

break;

case 'q':

arg_quiet = true;

break;

case '?':

return -EINVAL;

default:

assert_not_reached("Unhandled option");

}

return 1;

}

static int machinectl_main(int argc, char *argv[], sd_bus *bus) {

static const Verb verbs[] = {

{ "help", VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, 0, help },

{ "list", VERB_ANY, 1, VERB_DEFAULT, list_machines },

{ "list-images", VERB_ANY, 1, 0, list_images },

{ "status", 2, VERB_ANY, 0, show_machine },

{ "image-status",2, VERB_ANY, 0, show_image },

{ "show", VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, 0, show_machine },

{ "show-image", VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, 0, show_image },

{ "terminate", 2, VERB_ANY, 0, terminate_machine },

{ "reboot", 2, VERB_ANY, 0, reboot_machine },

{ "poweroff", 2, VERB_ANY, 0, poweroff_machine },

{ "kill", 2, VERB_ANY, 0, kill_machine },

{ "login", 2, 2, 0, login_machine },

{ "bind", 3, 4, 0, bind_mount },

{ "copy-to", 3, 4, 0, copy_files },

{ "copy-from", 3, 4, 0, copy_files },

{ "remove", 2, VERB_ANY, 0, remove_image },

{ "rename", 3, 3, 0, rename_image },

{ "clone", 3, 3, 0, clone_image },

{ "read-only", 2, 3, 0, read_only_image },

{ "start", 2, VERB_ANY, 0, start_machine },

{ "enable", 2, VERB_ANY, 0, enable_machine },

{ "disable", 2, VERB_ANY, 0, enable_machine },

{}

};

return dispatch_verb(argc, argv, verbs, bus);

}

int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {

_cleanup_bus_close_unref_ sd_bus *bus = NULL;

int r;

setlocale(LC_ALL, "");

log_parse_environment();

log_open();

r = parse_argv(argc, argv);

if (r <= 0)

goto finish;

r = bus_open_transport(arg_transport, arg_host, false, &bus);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus connection: %m");

goto finish;

}

r = machinectl_main(argc, argv, bus);

finish:

pager_close();

strv_free(arg_property);

return r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS;

}