#include <fcntl.h>

#include <errno.h>

#include <stddef.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <unistd.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <sys/poll.h>

#include <time.h>

#include <getopt.h>

#include <sys/stat.h>

#include <sys/ioctl.h>

#include <linux/fs.h>

#include <locale.h>

#include <langinfo.h>

#include <systemd/sd-journal.h>

#include "log.h"

#include "util.h"

#include "path-util.h"

#include "build.h"

#include "pager.h"

#include "logs-show.h"

#include "strv.h"

#include "journal-internal.h"

#include "journal-def.h"

#include "journal-verify.h"

#include "journal-authenticate.h"

#include "journal-qrcode.h"

#include "fsprg.h"

#define DEFAULT_FSS_INTERVAL_USEC (15*USEC_PER_MINUTE)

static OutputMode arg_output = OUTPUT_SHORT;

static bool arg_follow = false;

static bool arg_show_all = false;

static bool arg_no_pager = false;

static int arg_lines = -1;

static bool arg_no_tail = false;

static bool arg_quiet = false;

static bool arg_merge = false;

static bool arg_this_boot = false;

static const char *arg_directory = NULL;

static int arg_priorities = 0xFF;

static const char *arg_verify_key = NULL;

#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT

static usec_t arg_interval = DEFAULT_FSS_INTERVAL_USEC;

#endif

static enum {

ACTION_SHOW,

ACTION_NEW_ID128,

ACTION_PRINT_HEADER,

ACTION_SETUP_KEYS,

ACTION_VERIFY,

ACTION_DISK_USAGE,

} arg_action = ACTION_SHOW;

static int help(void) {

printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [MATCH]\n\n"

"Send control commands to or query the journal.\n\n"

" -h --help Show this help\n"

" --version Show package version\n"

" --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"

" -a --all Show all fields, including long and unprintable\n"

" -f --follow Follow journal\n"

" -n --lines=INTEGER Journal entries to show\n"

" --no-tail Show all lines, even in follow mode\n"

" -o --output=STRING Change journal output mode (short, short-monotonic,\n"

" verbose, export, json, json-pretty, cat)\n"

" -q --quiet Don't show privilege warning\n"

" -m --merge Show entries from all available journals\n"

" -b --this-boot Show data only from current boot\n"

" -D --directory=PATH Show journal files from directory\n"

" -p --priority=RANGE Show only messages within the specified priority range\n\n"

"Commands:\n"

" --new-id128 Generate a new 128 Bit ID\n"

" --header Show journal header information\n"

" --disk-usage Show total disk usage\n"

#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT

" --setup-keys Generate new FSS key pair\n"

" --interval=TIME Time interval for changing the FSS sealing key\n"

" --verify Verify journal file consistency\n"

" --verify-key=KEY Specify FSS verification key\n"

#endif

, program_invocation_short_name);

return 0;

}

static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {

enum {

ARG_VERSION = 0x100,

ARG_NO_PAGER,

ARG_NO_TAIL,

ARG_NEW_ID128,

ARG_HEADER,

ARG_SETUP_KEYS,

ARG_INTERVAL,

ARG_VERIFY,

ARG_VERIFY_KEY,

ARG_DISK_USAGE

};

static const struct option options[] = {

{ "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },

{ "version" , no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },

{ "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER },

{ "follow", no_argument, NULL, 'f' },

{ "output", required_argument, NULL, 'o' },

{ "all", no_argument, NULL, 'a' },

{ "lines", required_argument, NULL, 'n' },

{ "no-tail", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_TAIL },

{ "new-id128", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NEW_ID128 },

{ "quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q' },

{ "merge", no_argument, NULL, 'm' },

{ "this-boot", no_argument, NULL, 'b' },

{ "directory", required_argument, NULL, 'D' },

{ "header", no_argument, NULL, ARG_HEADER },

{ "priority", no_argument, NULL, 'p' },

{ "setup-keys", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SETUP_KEYS },

{ "interval", required_argument, NULL, ARG_INTERVAL },

{ "verify", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERIFY },

{ "verify-key", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VERIFY_KEY },

{ "disk-usage", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DISK_USAGE },

{ NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }

};

int c, r;

assert(argc >= 0);

assert(argv);

while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hfo:an:qmbD:p:", options, NULL)) >= 0) {

switch (c) {

case 'h':

help();

return 0;

case ARG_VERSION:

puts(PACKAGE_STRING);

puts(DISTRIBUTION);

puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);

return 0;

case ARG_NO_PAGER:

arg_no_pager = true;

break;

case 'f':

arg_follow = true;

break;

case 'o':

arg_output = output_mode_from_string(optarg);

if (arg_output < 0) {

log_error("Unknown output '%s'.", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

break;

case 'a':

arg_show_all = true;

break;

case 'n':

r = safe_atoi(optarg, &arg_lines);

if (r < 0 || arg_lines < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse lines '%s'", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

break;

case ARG_NO_TAIL:

arg_no_tail = true;

break;

case ARG_NEW_ID128:

arg_action = ACTION_NEW_ID128;

break;

case 'q':

arg_quiet = true;

break;

case 'm':

arg_merge = true;

break;

case 'b':

arg_this_boot = true;

break;

case 'D':

arg_directory = optarg;

break;

case ARG_HEADER:

arg_action = ACTION_PRINT_HEADER;

break;

case ARG_VERIFY:

arg_action = ACTION_VERIFY;

break;

case ARG_DISK_USAGE:

arg_action = ACTION_DISK_USAGE;

break;

#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT

case ARG_SETUP_KEYS:

arg_action = ACTION_SETUP_KEYS;

break;

case ARG_VERIFY_KEY:

arg_action = ACTION_VERIFY;

arg_verify_key = optarg;

arg_merge = false;

break;

case ARG_INTERVAL:

r = parse_usec(optarg, &arg_interval);

if (r < 0 || arg_interval <= 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse sealing key change interval: %s", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

break;

#else

case ARG_SETUP_KEYS:

case ARG_VERIFY_KEY:

case ARG_INTERVAL:

log_error("Forward-secure sealing not available.");

return -ENOTSUP;

#endif

case 'p': {

const char *dots;

dots = strstr(optarg, "..");

if (dots) {

char *a;

int from, to, i;

/* a range */

a = strndup(optarg, dots - optarg);

if (!a)

return log_oom();

from = log_level_from_string(a);

to = log_level_from_string(dots + 2);

free(a);

if (from < 0 || to < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse log level range %s", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

arg_priorities = 0;

if (from < to) {

for (i = from; i <= to; i++)

arg_priorities |= 1 << i;

} else {

for (i = to; i <= from; i++)

arg_priorities |= 1 << i;

}

} else {

int p, i;

p = log_level_from_string(optarg);

if (p < 0) {

log_error("Unknown log level %s", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

arg_priorities = 0;

for (i = 0; i <= p; i++)

arg_priorities |= 1 << i;

}

break;

}

case '?':

return -EINVAL;

default:

log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);

return -EINVAL;

}

}

if (arg_follow && !arg_no_tail && arg_lines < 0)

arg_lines = 10;

return 1;

}

static bool on_tty(void) {

static int t = -1;

/* Note that this is invoked relatively early, before we start

if (_unlikely_(t < 0))

t = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;

return t;

}

static int generate_new_id128(void) {

sd_id128_t id;

int r;

unsigned i;

r = sd_id128_randomize(&id);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to generate ID: %s", strerror(-r));

return r;

}

printf("As string:\n"

SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "\n\n"

"As UUID:\n"

"%02x%02x%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n\n"

"As macro:\n"

"#define MESSAGE_XYZ SD_ID128_MAKE(",

SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(id),

SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(id));

for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)

printf("%02x%s", id.bytes[i], i != 15 ? "," : "");

fputs(")\n", stdout);

return 0;

}

static int add_matches(sd_journal *j, char **args) {

char **i;

int r;

assert(j);

STRV_FOREACH(i, args) {

if (streq(*i, "+"))

r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);

else if (path_is_absolute(*i)) {

char *p, *t = NULL;

const char *path;

struct stat st;

p = canonicalize_file_name(*i);

path = p ? p : *i;

if (stat(path, &st) < 0) {

free(p);

log_error("Couldn't stat file: %m");

return -errno;

}

if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && (0111 & st.st_mode))

t = strappend("_EXE=", path);

else if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode))

asprintf(&t, "_KERNEL_DEVICE=c%u:%u", major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev));

else if (S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))

asprintf(&t, "_KERNEL_DEVICE=b%u:%u", major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev));

else {

free(p);

log_error("File is not a device node, regular file or is not executable: %s", *i);

return -EINVAL;

}

free(p);

if (!t)

return log_oom();

r = sd_journal_add_match(j, t, 0);

free(t);

} else

r = sd_journal_add_match(j, *i, 0);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to add match '%s': %s", *i, strerror(-r));

return r;

}

}

return 0;

}

static int add_this_boot(sd_journal *j) {

char match[9+32+1] = "_BOOT_ID=";

sd_id128_t boot_id;

int r;

assert(j);

if (!arg_this_boot)

return 0;

r = sd_id128_get_boot(&boot_id);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to get boot id: %s", strerror(-r));

return r;

}

sd_id128_to_string(boot_id, match + 9);

r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, strlen(match));

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to add match: %s", strerror(-r));

return r;

}

return 0;

}

static int add_priorities(sd_journal *j) {

char match[] = "PRIORITY=0";

int i, r;

assert(j);

if (arg_priorities == 0xFF)

return 0;

for (i = LOG_EMERG; i <= LOG_DEBUG; i++)

if (arg_priorities & (1 << i)) {

match[sizeof(match)-2] = '0' + i;

log_info("adding match %s", match);

r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, strlen(match));

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to add match: %s", strerror(-r));

return r;

}

}

return 0;

}

static int setup_keys(void) {

#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT

size_t mpk_size, seed_size, state_size, i;

uint8_t *mpk, *seed, *state;

ssize_t l;

int fd = -1, r, attr = 0;

sd_id128_t machine, boot;

char *p = NULL, *k = NULL;

struct FSSHeader h;

uint64_t n;

r = sd_id128_get_machine(&machine);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to get machine ID: %s", strerror(-r));

return r;

}

r = sd_id128_get_boot(&boot);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to get boot ID: %s", strerror(-r));

return r;

}

if (asprintf(&p, "/var/log/journal/" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "/fss",

SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine)) < 0)

return log_oom();

if (access(p, F_OK) >= 0) {

log_error("Sealing key file %s exists already.", p);

r = -EEXIST;

goto finish;

}

if (asprintf(&k, "/var/log/journal/" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "/fss.tmp.XXXXXX",

SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine)) < 0) {

r = log_oom();

goto finish;

}

mpk_size = FSPRG_mskinbytes(FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR);

mpk = alloca(mpk_size);

seed_size = FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SEEDLEN;

seed = alloca(seed_size);

state_size = FSPRG_stateinbytes(FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR);

state = alloca(state_size);

fd = open("/dev/random", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);

if (fd < 0) {

log_error("Failed to open /dev/random: %m");

r = -errno;

goto finish;

}

log_info("Generating seed...");

l = loop_read(fd, seed, seed_size, true);

if (l < 0 || (size_t) l != seed_size) {

log_error("Failed to read random seed: %s", strerror(EIO));

r = -EIO;

goto finish;

}

log_info("Generating key pair...");

FSPRG_GenMK(NULL, mpk, seed, seed_size, FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR);

log_info("Generating sealing key...");

FSPRG_GenState0(state, mpk, seed, seed_size);

assert(arg_interval > 0);

n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);

n /= arg_interval;

close_nointr_nofail(fd);

fd = mkostemp(k, O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);

if (fd < 0) {

log_error("Failed to open %s: %m", k);

r = -errno;

goto finish;

}

/* Enable secure remove, exclusion from dump, synchronous

if (ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_GETFLAGS, &attr) < 0)

log_warning("FS_IOC_GETFLAGS failed: %m");

attr |= FS_SECRM_FL|FS_NODUMP_FL|FS_SYNC_FL|FS_NOCOW_FL;

if (ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_SETFLAGS, &attr) < 0)

log_warning("FS_IOC_SETFLAGS failed: %m");

zero(h);

memcpy(h.signature, "KSHHRHLP", 8);

h.machine_id = machine;

h.boot_id = boot;

h.header_size = htole64(sizeof(h));

h.start_usec = htole64(n * arg_interval);

h.interval_usec = htole64(arg_interval);

h.fsprg_secpar = htole16(FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR);

h.fsprg_state_size = htole64(state_size);

l = loop_write(fd, &h, sizeof(h), false);

if (l < 0 || (size_t) l != sizeof(h)) {

log_error("Failed to write header: %s", strerror(EIO));

r = -EIO;

goto finish;

}

l = loop_write(fd, state, state_size, false);

if (l < 0 || (size_t) l != state_size) {

log_error("Failed to write state: %s", strerror(EIO));

r = -EIO;

goto finish;

}

if (link(k, p) < 0) {

log_error("Failed to link file: %m");

r = -errno;

goto finish;

}

if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)) {

fprintf(stderr,

"\n"

"The new key pair has been generated. The " ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON "secret sealing key" ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF " has been written to\n"

"the following local file. This key file is automatically updated when the\n"

"sealing key is advanced. It should not be used on multiple hosts.\n"

"\n"

"\t%s\n"

"\n"

"Please write down the following " ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON "secret verification key" ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF ". It should be stored\n"

"at a safe location and should not be saved locally on disk.\n"

"\n\t" ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED_ON, p);

fflush(stderr);

}

for (i = 0; i < seed_size; i++) {

if (i > 0 && i % 3 == 0)

putchar('-');

printf("%02x", ((uint8_t*) seed)[i]);

}

printf("/%llx-%llx\n", (unsigned long long) n, (unsigned long long) arg_interval);

if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)) {

char tsb[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], *hn;

fprintf(stderr,

ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF "\n"

"The sealing key is automatically changed every %s.\n",

format_timespan(tsb, sizeof(tsb), arg_interval));

hn = gethostname_malloc();

if (hn) {

hostname_cleanup(hn);

fprintf(stderr, "\nThe keys have been generated for host %s/" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR ".\n", hn, SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine));

} else

fprintf(stderr, "\nThe keys have been generated for host " SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR ".\n", SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine));

#ifdef HAVE_QRENCODE

/* If this is not an UTF-8 system don't print any QR codes */

setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");

if (streq_ptr(nl_langinfo(CODESET), "UTF-8")) {

fputs("\nTo transfer the verification key to your phone please scan the QR code below:\n\n", stderr);

print_qr_code(stderr, seed, seed_size, n, arg_interval, hn, machine);

}

#endif

free(hn);

}

r = 0;

finish:

if (fd >= 0)

close_nointr_nofail(fd);

if (k) {

unlink(k);

free(k);

}

free(p);

return r;

#else

log_error("Forward-secure sealing not available.");

return -ENOTSUP;

#endif

}

static int verify(sd_journal *j) {

int r = 0;

Iterator i;

JournalFile *f;

assert(j);

log_show_color(true);

HASHMAP_FOREACH(f, j->files, i) {

int k;

usec_t from, to, total;

#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT

if (!arg_verify_key && JOURNAL_HEADER_SEALED(f->header))

log_notice("Journal file %s has sealing enabled but verification key has not been passed using --verify-key=.", f->path);

#endif

k = journal_file_verify(f, arg_verify_key, &from, &to, &total, true);

if (k == -EINVAL) {

/* If the key was invalid give up right-away. */

return k;

} else if (k < 0) {

log_warning("FAIL: %s (%s)", f->path, strerror(-k));

r = k;

} else {

char a[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], b[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], c[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];

log_info("PASS: %s", f->path);

if (arg_verify_key && JOURNAL_HEADER_SEALED(f->header)) {

if (from > 0) {

log_info("=> Validated from %s to %s, final %s entries not sealed.",

format_timestamp(a, sizeof(a), from),

format_timestamp(b, sizeof(b), to),

format_timespan(c, sizeof(c), total > to ? total - to : 0));

} else if (total > 0)

log_info("=> No sealing yet, %s of entries not sealed.",

format_timespan(c, sizeof(c), total));

else

log_info("=> No sealing yet, no entries in file.");

}

}

}

return r;

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

int r;

sd_journal *j = NULL;

unsigned line = 0;

bool need_seek = false;

sd_id128_t previous_boot_id;

bool previous_boot_id_valid = false;

bool have_pager;

log_parse_environment();

log_open();

r = parse_argv(argc, argv);

if (r <= 0)

goto finish;

if (arg_action == ACTION_NEW_ID128) {

r = generate_new_id128();

goto finish;

}

if (arg_action == ACTION_SETUP_KEYS) {

r = setup_keys();

goto finish;

}

if (arg_directory)

r = sd_journal_open_directory(&j, arg_directory, 0);

else

r = sd_journal_open(&j, arg_merge ? 0 : SD_JOURNAL_LOCAL_ONLY);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to open journal: %s", strerror(-r));

goto finish;

}

if (arg_action == ACTION_VERIFY) {

r = verify(j);

goto finish;

}

if (arg_action == ACTION_PRINT_HEADER) {

journal_print_header(j);

r = 0;

goto finish;

}

if (arg_action == ACTION_DISK_USAGE) {

uint64_t bytes;

char sbytes[FORMAT_BYTES_MAX];

r = sd_journal_get_usage(j, &bytes);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

printf("Journals take up %s on disk.\n", format_bytes(sbytes, sizeof(sbytes), bytes));

r = 0;

goto finish;

}

#ifdef HAVE_ACL

if (access("/var/log/journal", F_OK) < 0 && geteuid() != 0 && in_group("adm") <= 0) {

log_error("Unprivileged users can't see messages unless persistent log storage is enabled. Users in the group 'adm' can always see messages.");

r = -EACCES;

goto finish;

}

if (!arg_quiet && geteuid() != 0 && in_group("adm") <= 0)

log_warning("Showing user generated messages only. Users in the group 'adm' can see all messages. Pass -q to turn this notice off.");

#else

if (geteuid() != 0 && in_group("adm") <= 0) {

log_error("No access to messages. Only users in the group 'adm' can see messages.");

r = -EACCES;

goto finish;

}

#endif

r = add_this_boot(j);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

r = add_matches(j, argv + optind);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

r = add_priorities(j);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

if (!arg_quiet) {

usec_t start, end;

char start_buf[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], end_buf[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];

r = sd_journal_get_cutoff_realtime_usec(j, &start, &end);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to get cutoff: %s", strerror(-r));

goto finish;

}

if (r > 0) {

if (arg_follow)

printf("Logs begin at %s.\n", format_timestamp(start_buf, sizeof(start_buf), start));

else

printf("Logs begin at %s, end at %s.\n",

format_timestamp(start_buf, sizeof(start_buf), start),

format_timestamp(end_buf, sizeof(end_buf), end));

}

}

if (arg_lines >= 0) {

r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to seek to tail: %s", strerror(-r));

goto finish;

}

r = sd_journal_previous_skip(j, arg_lines);

} else {

r = sd_journal_seek_head(j);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to seek to head: %s", strerror(-r));

goto finish;

}

r = sd_journal_next(j);

}

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to iterate through journal: %s", strerror(-r));

goto finish;

}

on_tty();

have_pager = !arg_no_pager && !arg_follow && pager_open();

for (;;) {

for (;;) {

int flags =

arg_show_all * OUTPUT_SHOW_ALL |

have_pager * OUTPUT_FULL_WIDTH |

on_tty() * OUTPUT_COLOR;

if (need_seek) {

r = sd_journal_next(j);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to iterate through journal: %s", strerror(-r));

goto finish;

}

}

if (r == 0)

break;

if (!arg_merge) {

sd_id128_t boot_id;

r = sd_journal_get_monotonic_usec(j, NULL, &boot_id);

if (r >= 0) {

if (previous_boot_id_valid &&

!sd_id128_equal(boot_id, previous_boot_id))

printf(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON "----- Reboot -----" ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF "\n");

previous_boot_id = boot_id;

previous_boot_id_valid = true;

}

}

line ++;

r = output_journal(j, arg_output, line, 0, flags);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

need_seek = true;

}

if (!arg_follow)

break;

r = sd_journal_wait(j, (uint64_t) -1);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Couldn't wait for log event: %s", strerror(-r));

goto finish;

}

}

finish:

if (j)

sd_journal_close(j);

pager_close();

return r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS;

}