#include <errno.h>

#include <fcntl.h>

#include <fnmatch.h>

#include <getopt.h>

#include <linux/fs.h>

#include <locale.h>

#include <poll.h>

#include <signal.h>

#include <stddef.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <sys/inotify.h>

#include <sys/stat.h>

#include <unistd.h>

#include "sd-bus.h"

#include "sd-journal.h"

#include "acl-util.h"

#include "bus-error.h"

#include "bus-util.h"

#include "catalog.h"

#include "fd-util.h"

#include "fileio.h"

#include "fsprg.h"

#include "hostname-util.h"

#include "io-util.h"

#include "journal-def.h"

#include "journal-internal.h"

#include "journal-qrcode.h"

#include "journal-vacuum.h"

#include "journal-verify.h"

#include "log.h"

#include "logs-show.h"

#include "mkdir.h"

#include "pager.h"

#include "path-util.h"

#include "set.h"

#include "sigbus.h"

#include "strv.h"

#include "terminal-util.h"

#include "unit-name.h"

#define DEFAULT_FSS_INTERVAL_USEC (15*USEC_PER_MINUTE)

enum {

/* Special values for arg_lines */

ARG_LINES_DEFAULT = -2,

ARG_LINES_ALL = -1,

};

static OutputMode arg_output = OUTPUT_SHORT;

static bool arg_utc = false;

static bool arg_pager_end = false;

static bool arg_follow = false;

static bool arg_full = true;

static bool arg_all = false;

static bool arg_no_pager = false;

static int arg_lines = ARG_LINES_DEFAULT;

static bool arg_no_tail = false;

static bool arg_quiet = false;

static bool arg_merge = false;

static bool arg_boot = false;

static sd_id128_t arg_boot_id = {};

static int arg_boot_offset = 0;

static bool arg_dmesg = false;

static const char *arg_cursor = NULL;

static const char *arg_after_cursor = NULL;

static bool arg_show_cursor = false;

static const char *arg_directory = NULL;

static char **arg_file = NULL;

static int arg_priorities = 0xFF;

static const char *arg_verify_key = NULL;

#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT

static usec_t arg_interval = DEFAULT_FSS_INTERVAL_USEC;

static bool arg_force = false;

#endif

static usec_t arg_since, arg_until;

static bool arg_since_set = false, arg_until_set = false;

static char **arg_syslog_identifier = NULL;

static char **arg_system_units = NULL;

static char **arg_user_units = NULL;

static const char *arg_field = NULL;

static bool arg_catalog = false;

static bool arg_reverse = false;

static int arg_journal_type = 0;

static char *arg_root = NULL;

static const char *arg_machine = NULL;

static uint64_t arg_vacuum_size = 0;

static uint64_t arg_vacuum_n_files = 0;

static usec_t arg_vacuum_time = 0;

static enum {

ACTION_SHOW,

ACTION_NEW_ID128,

ACTION_PRINT_HEADER,

ACTION_SETUP_KEYS,

ACTION_VERIFY,

ACTION_DISK_USAGE,

ACTION_LIST_CATALOG,

ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG,

ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG,

ACTION_LIST_BOOTS,

ACTION_FLUSH,

ACTION_ROTATE,

ACTION_VACUUM,

} arg_action = ACTION_SHOW;

typedef struct BootId {

sd_id128_t id;

uint64_t first;

uint64_t last;

LIST_FIELDS(struct BootId, boot_list);

} BootId;

static void pager_open_if_enabled(void) {

if (arg_no_pager)

return;

pager_open(arg_pager_end);

}

static char *format_timestamp_maybe_utc(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) {

if (arg_utc)

return format_timestamp_utc(buf, l, t);

return format_timestamp(buf, l, t);

}

static int parse_boot_descriptor(const char *x, sd_id128_t *boot_id, int *offset) {

sd_id128_t id = SD_ID128_NULL;

int off = 0, r;

if (strlen(x) >= 32) {

char *t;

t = strndupa(x, 32);

r = sd_id128_from_string(t, &id);

if (r >= 0)

x += 32;

if (*x != '-' && *x != '+' && *x != 0)

return -EINVAL;

if (*x != 0) {

r = safe_atoi(x, &off);

if (r < 0)

return r;

}

} else {

r = safe_atoi(x, &off);

if (r < 0)

return r;

}

if (boot_id)

*boot_id = id;

if (offset)

*offset = off;

return 0;

}

static void help(void) {

pager_open_if_enabled();

printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [MATCHES...]\n\n"

"Query the journal.\n\n"

"Flags:\n"

" --system Show the system journal\n"

" --user Show the user journal for the current user\n"

" -M --machine=CONTAINER Operate on local container\n"

" -S --since=DATE Show entries not older than the specified date\n"

" -U --until=DATE Show entries not newer than the specified date\n"

" -c --cursor=CURSOR Show entries starting at the specified cursor\n"

" --after-cursor=CURSOR Show entries after the specified cursor\n"

" --show-cursor Print the cursor after all the entries\n"

" -b --boot[=ID] Show current boot or the specified boot\n"

" --list-boots Show terse information about recorded boots\n"

" -k --dmesg Show kernel message log from the current boot\n"

" -u --unit=UNIT Show logs from the specified unit\n"

" --user-unit=UNIT Show logs from the specified user unit\n"

" -t --identifier=STRING Show entries with the specified syslog identifier\n"

" -p --priority=RANGE Show entries with the specified priority\n"

" -e --pager-end Immediately jump to the end in the pager\n"

" -f --follow Follow the journal\n"

" -n --lines[=INTEGER] Number of journal entries to show\n"

" --no-tail Show all lines, even in follow mode\n"

" -r --reverse Show the newest entries first\n"

" -o --output=STRING Change journal output mode (short, short-iso,\n"

" short-precise, short-monotonic, verbose,\n"

" export, json, json-pretty, json-sse, cat)\n"

" --utc Express time in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)\n"

" -x --catalog Add message explanations where available\n"

" --no-full Ellipsize fields\n"

" -a --all Show all fields, including long and unprintable\n"

" -q --quiet Do not show info messages and privilege warning\n"

" --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"

" -m --merge Show entries from all available journals\n"

" -D --directory=PATH Show journal files from directory\n"

" --file=PATH Show journal file\n"

" --root=ROOT Operate on catalog files underneath the root ROOT\n"

#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT

" --interval=TIME Time interval for changing the FSS sealing key\n"

" --verify-key=KEY Specify FSS verification key\n"

" --force Override of the FSS key pair with --setup-keys\n"

#endif

"\nCommands:\n"

" -h --help Show this help text\n"

" --version Show package version\n"

" -F --field=FIELD List all values that a specified field takes\n"

" --new-id128 Generate a new 128-bit ID\n"

" --disk-usage Show total disk usage of all journal files\n"

" --vacuum-size=BYTES Reduce disk usage below specified size\n"

" --vacuum-files=INT Leave only the specified number of journal files\n"

" --vacuum-time=TIME Remove journal files older than specified time\n"

" --flush Flush all journal data from /run into /var\n"

" --rotate Request immediate rotation of the journal files\n"

" --header Show journal header information\n"

" --list-catalog Show all message IDs in the catalog\n"

" --dump-catalog Show entries in the message catalog\n"

" --update-catalog Update the message catalog database\n"

#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT

" --setup-keys Generate a new FSS key pair\n"

" --verify Verify journal file consistency\n"

#endif

, program_invocation_short_name);

}

static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {

enum {

ARG_VERSION = 0x100,

ARG_NO_PAGER,

ARG_NO_FULL,

ARG_NO_TAIL,

ARG_NEW_ID128,

ARG_LIST_BOOTS,

ARG_USER,

ARG_SYSTEM,

ARG_ROOT,

ARG_HEADER,

ARG_SETUP_KEYS,

ARG_FILE,

ARG_INTERVAL,

ARG_VERIFY,

ARG_VERIFY_KEY,

ARG_DISK_USAGE,

ARG_AFTER_CURSOR,

ARG_SHOW_CURSOR,

ARG_USER_UNIT,

ARG_LIST_CATALOG,

ARG_DUMP_CATALOG,

ARG_UPDATE_CATALOG,

ARG_FORCE,

ARG_UTC,

ARG_FLUSH,

ARG_ROTATE,

ARG_VACUUM_SIZE,

ARG_VACUUM_FILES,

ARG_VACUUM_TIME,

};

static const struct option options[] = {

{ "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },

{ "version" , no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },

{ "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER },

{ "pager-end", no_argument, NULL, 'e' },

{ "follow", no_argument, NULL, 'f' },

{ "force", no_argument, NULL, ARG_FORCE },

{ "output", required_argument, NULL, 'o' },

{ "all", no_argument, NULL, 'a' },

{ "full", no_argument, NULL, 'l' },

{ "no-full", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_FULL },

{ "lines", optional_argument, NULL, 'n' },

{ "no-tail", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_TAIL },

{ "new-id128", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NEW_ID128 },

{ "quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q' },

{ "merge", no_argument, NULL, 'm' },

{ "boot", optional_argument, NULL, 'b' },

{ "list-boots", no_argument, NULL, ARG_LIST_BOOTS },

{ "this-boot", optional_argument, NULL, 'b' }, /* deprecated */

{ "dmesg", no_argument, NULL, 'k' },

{ "system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM },

{ "user", no_argument, NULL, ARG_USER },

{ "directory", required_argument, NULL, 'D' },

{ "file", required_argument, NULL, ARG_FILE },

{ "root", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT },

{ "header", no_argument, NULL, ARG_HEADER },

{ "identifier", required_argument, NULL, 't' },

{ "priority", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },

{ "setup-keys", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SETUP_KEYS },

{ "interval", required_argument, NULL, ARG_INTERVAL },

{ "verify", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERIFY },

{ "verify-key", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VERIFY_KEY },

{ "disk-usage", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DISK_USAGE },

{ "cursor", required_argument, NULL, 'c' },

{ "after-cursor", required_argument, NULL, ARG_AFTER_CURSOR },

{ "show-cursor", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SHOW_CURSOR },

{ "since", required_argument, NULL, 'S' },

{ "until", required_argument, NULL, 'U' },

{ "unit", required_argument, NULL, 'u' },

{ "user-unit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_USER_UNIT },

{ "field", required_argument, NULL, 'F' },

{ "catalog", no_argument, NULL, 'x' },

{ "list-catalog", no_argument, NULL, ARG_LIST_CATALOG },

{ "dump-catalog", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CATALOG },

{ "update-catalog", no_argument, NULL, ARG_UPDATE_CATALOG },

{ "reverse", no_argument, NULL, 'r' },

{ "machine", required_argument, NULL, 'M' },

{ "utc", no_argument, NULL, ARG_UTC },

{ "flush", no_argument, NULL, ARG_FLUSH },

{ "rotate", no_argument, NULL, ARG_ROTATE },

{ "vacuum-size", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VACUUM_SIZE },

{ "vacuum-files", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VACUUM_FILES },

{ "vacuum-time", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VACUUM_TIME },

{}

};

int c, r;

assert(argc >= 0);

assert(argv);

while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hefo:aln::qmb::kD:p:c:S:U:t:u:F:xrM:", options, NULL)) >= 0)

switch (c) {

case 'h':

help();

return 0;

case ARG_VERSION:

return version();

case ARG_NO_PAGER:

arg_no_pager = true;

break;

case 'e':

arg_pager_end = true;

if (arg_lines == ARG_LINES_DEFAULT)

arg_lines = 1000;

break;

case 'f':

arg_follow = true;

break;

case 'o':

arg_output = output_mode_from_string(optarg);

if (arg_output < 0) {

log_error("Unknown output format '%s'.", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

if (arg_output == OUTPUT_EXPORT ||

arg_output == OUTPUT_JSON ||

arg_output == OUTPUT_JSON_PRETTY ||

arg_output == OUTPUT_JSON_SSE ||

arg_output == OUTPUT_CAT)

arg_quiet = true;

break;

case 'l':

arg_full = true;

break;

case ARG_NO_FULL:

arg_full = false;

break;

case 'a':

arg_all = true;

break;

case 'n':

if (optarg) {

if (streq(optarg, "all"))

arg_lines = ARG_LINES_ALL;

else {

r = safe_atoi(optarg, &arg_lines);

if (r < 0 || arg_lines < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse lines '%s'", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

}

} else {

arg_lines = 10;

/* Hmm, no argument? Maybe the next

if (optind < argc) {

int n;

if (streq(argv[optind], "all")) {

arg_lines = ARG_LINES_ALL;

optind++;

} else if (safe_atoi(argv[optind], &n) >= 0 && n >= 0) {

arg_lines = n;

optind++;

}

}

}

break;

case ARG_NO_TAIL:

arg_no_tail = true;

break;

case ARG_NEW_ID128:

arg_action = ACTION_NEW_ID128;

break;

case 'q':

arg_quiet = true;

break;

case 'm':

arg_merge = true;

break;

case 'b':

arg_boot = true;

if (optarg) {

r = parse_boot_descriptor(optarg, &arg_boot_id, &arg_boot_offset);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse boot descriptor '%s'", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

} else {

/* Hmm, no argument? Maybe the next

if (optind < argc &&

parse_boot_descriptor(argv[optind], &arg_boot_id, &arg_boot_offset) >= 0)

optind++;

}

break;

case ARG_LIST_BOOTS:

arg_action = ACTION_LIST_BOOTS;

break;

case 'k':

arg_boot = arg_dmesg = true;

break;

case ARG_SYSTEM:

arg_journal_type |= SD_JOURNAL_SYSTEM;

break;

case ARG_USER:

arg_journal_type |= SD_JOURNAL_CURRENT_USER;

break;

case 'M':

arg_machine = optarg;

break;

case 'D':

arg_directory = optarg;

break;

case ARG_FILE:

r = glob_extend(&arg_file, optarg);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add paths: %m");

break;

case ARG_ROOT:

r = parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg, true, &arg_root);

if (r < 0)

return r;

break;

case 'c':

arg_cursor = optarg;

break;

case ARG_AFTER_CURSOR:

arg_after_cursor = optarg;

break;

case ARG_SHOW_CURSOR:

arg_show_cursor = true;

break;

case ARG_HEADER:

arg_action = ACTION_PRINT_HEADER;

break;

case ARG_VERIFY:

arg_action = ACTION_VERIFY;

break;

case ARG_DISK_USAGE:

arg_action = ACTION_DISK_USAGE;

break;

case ARG_VACUUM_SIZE:

r = parse_size(optarg, 1024, &arg_vacuum_size);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse vacuum size: %s", optarg);

return r;

}

arg_action = ACTION_VACUUM;

break;

case ARG_VACUUM_FILES:

r = safe_atou64(optarg, &arg_vacuum_n_files);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse vacuum files: %s", optarg);

return r;

}

arg_action = ACTION_VACUUM;

break;

case ARG_VACUUM_TIME:

r = parse_sec(optarg, &arg_vacuum_time);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse vacuum time: %s", optarg);

return r;

}

arg_action = ACTION_VACUUM;

break;

#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT

case ARG_FORCE:

arg_force = true;

break;

case ARG_SETUP_KEYS:

arg_action = ACTION_SETUP_KEYS;

break;

case ARG_VERIFY_KEY:

arg_action = ACTION_VERIFY;

arg_verify_key = optarg;

arg_merge = false;

break;

case ARG_INTERVAL:

r = parse_sec(optarg, &arg_interval);

if (r < 0 || arg_interval <= 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse sealing key change interval: %s", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

break;

#else

case ARG_SETUP_KEYS:

case ARG_VERIFY_KEY:

case ARG_INTERVAL:

case ARG_FORCE:

log_error("Forward-secure sealing not available.");

return -EOPNOTSUPP;

#endif

case 'p': {

const char *dots;

dots = strstr(optarg, "..");

if (dots) {

char *a;

int from, to, i;

/* a range */

a = strndup(optarg, dots - optarg);

if (!a)

return log_oom();

from = log_level_from_string(a);

to = log_level_from_string(dots + 2);

free(a);

if (from < 0 || to < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse log level range %s", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

arg_priorities = 0;

if (from < to) {

for (i = from; i <= to; i++)

arg_priorities |= 1 << i;

} else {

for (i = to; i <= from; i++)

arg_priorities |= 1 << i;

}

} else {

int p, i;

p = log_level_from_string(optarg);

if (p < 0) {

log_error("Unknown log level %s", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

arg_priorities = 0;

for (i = 0; i <= p; i++)

arg_priorities |= 1 << i;

}

break;

}

case 'S':

r = parse_timestamp(optarg, &arg_since);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse timestamp: %s", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

arg_since_set = true;

break;

case 'U':

r = parse_timestamp(optarg, &arg_until);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to parse timestamp: %s", optarg);

return -EINVAL;

}

arg_until_set = true;

break;

case 't':

r = strv_extend(&arg_syslog_identifier, optarg);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

break;

case 'u':

r = strv_extend(&arg_system_units, optarg);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

break;

case ARG_USER_UNIT:

r = strv_extend(&arg_user_units, optarg);

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

break;

case 'F':

arg_field = optarg;

break;

case 'x':

arg_catalog = true;

break;

case ARG_LIST_CATALOG:

arg_action = ACTION_LIST_CATALOG;

break;

case ARG_DUMP_CATALOG:

arg_action = ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG;

break;

case ARG_UPDATE_CATALOG:

arg_action = ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG;

break;

case 'r':

arg_reverse = true;

break;

case ARG_UTC:

arg_utc = true;

break;

case ARG_FLUSH:

arg_action = ACTION_FLUSH;

break;

case ARG_ROTATE:

arg_action = ACTION_ROTATE;

break;

case '?':

return -EINVAL;

default:

assert_not_reached("Unhandled option");

}

if (arg_follow && !arg_no_tail && !arg_since && arg_lines == ARG_LINES_DEFAULT)

arg_lines = 10;

if (!!arg_directory + !!arg_file + !!arg_machine > 1) {

log_error("Please specify either -D/--directory= or --file= or -M/--machine=, not more than one.");

return -EINVAL;

}

if (arg_since_set && arg_until_set && arg_since > arg_until) {

log_error("--since= must be before --until=.");

return -EINVAL;

}

if (!!arg_cursor + !!arg_after_cursor + !!arg_since_set > 1) {

log_error("Please specify only one of --since=, --cursor=, and --after-cursor.");

return -EINVAL;

}

if (arg_follow && arg_reverse) {

log_error("Please specify either --reverse= or --follow=, not both.");

return -EINVAL;

}

if (!IN_SET(arg_action, ACTION_SHOW, ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG, ACTION_LIST_CATALOG) && optind < argc) {

log_error("Extraneous arguments starting with '%s'", argv[optind]);

return -EINVAL;

}

if ((arg_boot || arg_action == ACTION_LIST_BOOTS) && (arg_file || arg_directory || arg_merge)) {

log_error("Using --boot or --list-boots with --file, --directory or --merge is not supported.");

return -EINVAL;

}

return 1;

}

static int generate_new_id128(void) {

sd_id128_t id;

int r;

unsigned i;

r = sd_id128_randomize(&id);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate ID: %m");

printf("As string:\n"

SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "\n\n"

"As UUID:\n"

"%02x%02x%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n\n"

"As macro:\n"

"#define MESSAGE_XYZ SD_ID128_MAKE(",

SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(id),

SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(id));

for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)

printf("%02x%s", id.bytes[i], i != 15 ? "," : "");

fputs(")\n\n", stdout);

printf("As Python constant:\n"

">>> import uuid\n"

">>> MESSAGE_XYZ = uuid.UUID('" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "')\n",

SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(id));

return 0;

}

static int add_matches(sd_journal *j, char **args) {

char **i;

bool have_term = false;

assert(j);

STRV_FOREACH(i, args) {

int r;

if (streq(*i, "+")) {

if (!have_term)

break;

r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);

have_term = false;

} else if (path_is_absolute(*i)) {

_cleanup_free_ char *p, *t = NULL, *t2 = NULL;

const char *path;

_cleanup_free_ char *interpreter = NULL;

struct stat st;

p = canonicalize_file_name(*i);

path = p ? p : *i;

if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)

return log_error_errno(errno, "Couldn't stat file: %m");

if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && (0111 & st.st_mode)) {

if (executable_is_script(path, &interpreter) > 0) {

_cleanup_free_ char *comm;

comm = strndup(basename(path), 15);

if (!comm)

return log_oom();

t = strappend("_COMM=", comm);

/* Append _EXE only if the interpreter is not a link.

if (lstat(interpreter, &st) == 0 &&

!S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {

t2 = strappend("_EXE=", interpreter);

if (!t2)

return log_oom();

}

} else

t = strappend("_EXE=", path);

} else if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode))

(void) asprintf(&t, "_KERNEL_DEVICE=c%u:%u", major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev));

else if (S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))

(void) asprintf(&t, "_KERNEL_DEVICE=b%u:%u", major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev));

else {

log_error("File is neither a device node, nor regular file, nor executable: %s", *i);

return -EINVAL;

}

if (!t)

return log_oom();

r = sd_journal_add_match(j, t, 0);

if (t2)

r = sd_journal_add_match(j, t2, 0);

have_term = true;

} else {

r = sd_journal_add_match(j, *i, 0);

have_term = true;

}

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match '%s': %m", *i);

}

if (!strv_isempty(args) && !have_term) {

log_error("\"+\" can only be used between terms");

return -EINVAL;

}

return 0;

}

static void boot_id_free_all(BootId *l) {

while (l) {

BootId *i = l;

LIST_REMOVE(boot_list, l, i);

free(i);

}

}

static int discover_next_boot(

sd_journal *j,

BootId **boot,

bool advance_older,

bool read_realtime) {

int r;

char match[9+32+1] = "_BOOT_ID=";

_cleanup_free_ BootId *next_boot = NULL;

assert(j);

assert(boot);

/* We expect the journal to be on the last position of a boot

/* Make sure we aren't restricted by any _BOOT_ID matches, so that

sd_journal_flush_matches(j);

if (advance_older)

r = sd_journal_previous(j);

else

r = sd_journal_next(j);

if (r < 0)

return r;

else if (r == 0)

return 0; /* End of journal, yay. */

next_boot = new0(BootId, 1);

if (!next_boot)

return -ENOMEM;

r = sd_journal_get_monotonic_usec(j, NULL, &next_boot->id);

if (r < 0)

return r;

if (read_realtime) {

r = sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(j, &next_boot->first);

if (r < 0)

return r;

}

/* Now seek to the last occurrence of this boot ID. */

sd_id128_to_string(next_boot->id, match + 9);

r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, sizeof(match) - 1);

if (r < 0)

return r;

if (advance_older)

r = sd_journal_seek_head(j);

else

r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j);

if (r < 0)

return r;

if (advance_older)

r = sd_journal_next(j);

else

r = sd_journal_previous(j);

if (r < 0)

return r;

else if (r == 0)

return -ENODATA; /* This shouldn't happen. We just came from this very boot ID. */

if (read_realtime) {

r = sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(j, &next_boot->last);

if (r < 0)

return r;

}

*boot = next_boot;

next_boot = NULL;

return 0;

}

static int get_boots(

sd_journal *j,

BootId **boots,

BootId *query_ref_boot,

int ref_boot_offset) {

bool skip_once;

int r, count = 0;

BootId *head = NULL, *tail = NULL;

const bool advance_older = query_ref_boot && ref_boot_offset <= 0;

assert(j);

/* Adjust for the asymmetry that offset 0 is

skip_once = query_ref_boot && sd_id128_is_null(query_ref_boot->id) && ref_boot_offset < 0;

/* Advance to the earliest/latest occurrence of our reference

if (query_ref_boot && !sd_id128_is_null(query_ref_boot->id)) {

char match[9+32+1] = "_BOOT_ID=";

sd_journal_flush_matches(j);

sd_id128_to_string(query_ref_boot->id, match + 9);

r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, sizeof(match) - 1);

if (r < 0)

return r;

if (advance_older)

r = sd_journal_seek_head(j);

else

r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j);

if (r < 0)

return r;

if (advance_older)

r = sd_journal_next(j);

else

r = sd_journal_previous(j);

if (r < 0)

return r;

else if (r == 0)

goto finish;

else if (ref_boot_offset == 0) {

count = 1;

goto finish;

}

} else {

if (advance_older)

r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j);

else

r = sd_journal_seek_head(j);

if (r < 0)

return r;

/* No sd_journal_next/previous here. */

}

for (;;) {

_cleanup_free_ BootId *current = NULL;

r = discover_next_boot(j, &current, advance_older, !query_ref_boot);

if (r < 0) {

boot_id_free_all(head);

return r;

}

if (!current)

break;

if (query_ref_boot) {

if (!skip_once)

ref_boot_offset += advance_older ? 1 : -1;

skip_once = false;

if (ref_boot_offset == 0) {

count = 1;

query_ref_boot->id = current->id;

break;

}

} else {

LIST_INSERT_AFTER(boot_list, head, tail, current);

tail = current;

current = NULL;

count++;

}

}

finish:

if (boots)

*boots = head;

sd_journal_flush_matches(j);

return count;

}

static int list_boots(sd_journal *j) {

int w, i, count;

BootId *id, *all_ids;

assert(j);

count = get_boots(j, &all_ids, NULL, 0);

if (count < 0)

return log_error_errno(count, "Failed to determine boots: %m");

if (count == 0)

return count;

pager_open_if_enabled();

/* numbers are one less, but we need an extra char for the sign */

w = DECIMAL_STR_WIDTH(count - 1) + 1;

i = 0;

LIST_FOREACH(boot_list, id, all_ids) {

char a[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], b[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];

printf("% *i " SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR " %s—%s\n",

w, i - count + 1,

SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(id->id),

format_timestamp_maybe_utc(a, sizeof(a), id->first),

format_timestamp_maybe_utc(b, sizeof(b), id->last));

i++;

}

boot_id_free_all(all_ids);

return 0;

}

static int add_boot(sd_journal *j) {

char match[9+32+1] = "_BOOT_ID=";

int r;

BootId ref_boot_id = {};

assert(j);

if (!arg_boot)

return 0;

if (arg_boot_offset == 0 && sd_id128_equal(arg_boot_id, SD_ID128_NULL))

return add_match_this_boot(j, arg_machine);

ref_boot_id.id = arg_boot_id;

r = get_boots(j, NULL, &ref_boot_id, arg_boot_offset);

assert(r <= 1);

if (r <= 0) {

const char *reason = (r == 0) ? "No such boot ID in journal" : strerror(-r);

if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_boot_id))

log_error("Failed to look up boot %+i: %s", arg_boot_offset, reason);

else

log_error("Failed to look up boot ID "SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR"%+i: %s",

SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(arg_boot_id), arg_boot_offset, reason);

return r == 0 ? -ENODATA : r;

}

sd_id128_to_string(ref_boot_id.id, match + 9);

r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, sizeof(match) - 1);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match: %m");

r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add conjunction: %m");

return 0;

}

static int add_dmesg(sd_journal *j) {

int r;

assert(j);

if (!arg_dmesg)

return 0;

r = sd_journal_add_match(j, "_TRANSPORT=kernel", strlen("_TRANSPORT=kernel"));

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match: %m");

r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add conjunction: %m");

return 0;

}

static int get_possible_units(

sd_journal *j,

const char *fields,

char **patterns,

Set **units) {

_cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *found;

const char *field;

int r;

found = set_new(&string_hash_ops);

if (!found)

return -ENOMEM;

NULSTR_FOREACH(field, fields) {

const void *data;

size_t size;

r = sd_journal_query_unique(j, field);

if (r < 0)

return r;

SD_JOURNAL_FOREACH_UNIQUE(j, data, size) {

char **pattern, *eq;

size_t prefix;

_cleanup_free_ char *u = NULL;

eq = memchr(data, '=', size);

if (eq)

prefix = eq - (char*) data + 1;

else

prefix = 0;

u = strndup((char*) data + prefix, size - prefix);

if (!u)

return -ENOMEM;

STRV_FOREACH(pattern, patterns)

if (fnmatch(*pattern, u, FNM_NOESCAPE) == 0) {

log_debug("Matched %s with pattern %s=%s", u, field, *pattern);

r = set_consume(found, u);

u = NULL;

if (r < 0 && r != -EEXIST)

return r;

break;

}

}

}

*units = found;

found = NULL;

return 0;

}

#define SYSTEM_UNITS \

"_SYSTEMD_UNIT\0" \

"COREDUMP_UNIT\0" \

"UNIT\0" \

"OBJECT_SYSTEMD_UNIT\0" \

"_SYSTEMD_SLICE\0"

#define USER_UNITS \

"_SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT\0" \

"USER_UNIT\0" \

"COREDUMP_USER_UNIT\0" \

"OBJECT_SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT\0"

static int add_units(sd_journal *j) {

_cleanup_strv_free_ char **patterns = NULL;

int r, count = 0;

char **i;

assert(j);

STRV_FOREACH(i, arg_system_units) {

_cleanup_free_ char *u = NULL;

r = unit_name_mangle(*i, UNIT_NAME_GLOB, &u);

if (r < 0)

return r;

if (string_is_glob(u)) {

r = strv_push(&patterns, u);

if (r < 0)

return r;

u = NULL;

} else {

r = add_matches_for_unit(j, u);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);

if (r < 0)

return r;

count ++;

}

}

if (!strv_isempty(patterns)) {

_cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *units = NULL;

Iterator it;

char *u;

r = get_possible_units(j, SYSTEM_UNITS, patterns, &units);

if (r < 0)

return r;

SET_FOREACH(u, units, it) {

r = add_matches_for_unit(j, u);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);

if (r < 0)

return r;

count ++;

}

}

patterns = strv_free(patterns);

STRV_FOREACH(i, arg_user_units) {

_cleanup_free_ char *u = NULL;

r = unit_name_mangle(*i, UNIT_NAME_GLOB, &u);

if (r < 0)

return r;

if (string_is_glob(u)) {

r = strv_push(&patterns, u);

if (r < 0)

return r;

u = NULL;

} else {

r = add_matches_for_user_unit(j, u, getuid());

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);

if (r < 0)

return r;

count ++;

}

}

if (!strv_isempty(patterns)) {

_cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *units = NULL;

Iterator it;

char *u;

r = get_possible_units(j, USER_UNITS, patterns, &units);

if (r < 0)

return r;

SET_FOREACH(u, units, it) {

r = add_matches_for_user_unit(j, u, getuid());

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);

if (r < 0)

return r;

count ++;

}

}

/* Complain if the user request matches but nothing whatsoever was

if (!(strv_isempty(arg_system_units) && strv_isempty(arg_user_units)) && count == 0)

return -ENODATA;

r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j);

if (r < 0)

return r;

return 0;

}

static int add_priorities(sd_journal *j) {

char match[] = "PRIORITY=0";

int i, r;

assert(j);

if (arg_priorities == 0xFF)

return 0;

for (i = LOG_EMERG; i <= LOG_DEBUG; i++)

if (arg_priorities & (1 << i)) {

match[sizeof(match)-2] = '0' + i;

r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, strlen(match));

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match: %m");

}

r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add conjunction: %m");

return 0;

}

static int add_syslog_identifier(sd_journal *j) {

int r;

char **i;

assert(j);

STRV_FOREACH(i, arg_syslog_identifier) {

char *u;

u = strjoina("SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=", *i);

r = sd_journal_add_match(j, u, 0);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);

if (r < 0)

return r;

}

r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j);

if (r < 0)

return r;

return 0;

}

static int setup_keys(void) {

#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT

size_t mpk_size, seed_size, state_size, i;

uint8_t *mpk, *seed, *state;

int fd = -1, r;

sd_id128_t machine, boot;

char *p = NULL, *k = NULL;

struct FSSHeader h;

uint64_t n;

struct stat st;

r = stat("/var/log/journal", &st);

if (r < 0 && errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)

return log_error_errno(errno, "stat(\"%s\") failed: %m", "/var/log/journal");

if (r < 0 || !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {

log_error("%s is not a directory, must be using persistent logging for FSS.",

"/var/log/journal");

return r < 0 ? -errno : -ENOTDIR;

}

r = sd_id128_get_machine(&machine);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get machine ID: %m");

r = sd_id128_get_boot(&boot);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get boot ID: %m");

if (asprintf(&p, "/var/log/journal/" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "/fss",

SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine)) < 0)

return log_oom();

if (arg_force) {

r = unlink(p);

if (r < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {

r = log_error_errno(errno, "unlink(\"%s\") failed: %m", p);

goto finish;

}

} else if (access(p, F_OK) >= 0) {

log_error("Sealing key file %s exists already. Use --force to recreate.", p);

r = -EEXIST;

goto finish;

}

if (asprintf(&k, "/var/log/journal/" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "/fss.tmp.XXXXXX",

SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine)) < 0) {

r = log_oom();

goto finish;

}

mpk_size = FSPRG_mskinbytes(FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR);

mpk = alloca(mpk_size);

seed_size = FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SEEDLEN;

seed = alloca(seed_size);

state_size = FSPRG_stateinbytes(FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR);

state = alloca(state_size);

fd = open("/dev/random", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);

if (fd < 0) {

r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open /dev/random: %m");

goto finish;

}

log_info("Generating seed...");

r = loop_read_exact(fd, seed, seed_size, true);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read random seed: %m");

goto finish;

}

log_info("Generating key pair...");

FSPRG_GenMK(NULL, mpk, seed, seed_size, FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR);

log_info("Generating sealing key...");

FSPRG_GenState0(state, mpk, seed, seed_size);

assert(arg_interval > 0);

n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);

n /= arg_interval;

safe_close(fd);

fd = mkostemp_safe(k, O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC);

if (fd < 0) {

r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", k);

goto finish;

}

/* Enable secure remove, exclusion from dump, synchronous

r = chattr_fd(fd, FS_SECRM_FL|FS_NODUMP_FL|FS_SYNC_FL|FS_NOCOW_FL, FS_SECRM_FL|FS_NODUMP_FL|FS_SYNC_FL|FS_NOCOW_FL);

if (r < 0)

log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to set file attributes: %m");

zero(h);

memcpy(h.signature, "KSHHRHLP", 8);

h.machine_id = machine;

h.boot_id = boot;

h.header_size = htole64(sizeof(h));

h.start_usec = htole64(n * arg_interval);

h.interval_usec = htole64(arg_interval);

h.fsprg_secpar = htole16(FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR);

h.fsprg_state_size = htole64(state_size);

r = loop_write(fd, &h, sizeof(h), false);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write header: %m");

goto finish;

}

r = loop_write(fd, state, state_size, false);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write state: %m");

goto finish;

}

if (link(k, p) < 0) {

r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to link file: %m");

goto finish;

}

if (on_tty()) {

fprintf(stderr,

"\n"

"The new key pair has been generated. The " ANSI_HIGHLIGHT "secret sealing key" ANSI_NORMAL " has been written to\n"

"the following local file. This key file is automatically updated when the\n"

"sealing key is advanced. It should not be used on multiple hosts.\n"

"\n"

"\t%s\n"

"\n"

"Please write down the following " ANSI_HIGHLIGHT "secret verification key" ANSI_NORMAL ". It should be stored\n"

"at a safe location and should not be saved locally on disk.\n"

"\n\t" ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED, p);

fflush(stderr);

}

for (i = 0; i < seed_size; i++) {

if (i > 0 && i % 3 == 0)

putchar('-');

printf("%02x", ((uint8_t*) seed)[i]);

}

printf("/%llx-%llx\n", (unsigned long long) n, (unsigned long long) arg_interval);

if (on_tty()) {

char tsb[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], *hn;

fprintf(stderr,

ANSI_NORMAL "\n"

"The sealing key is automatically changed every %s.\n",

format_timespan(tsb, sizeof(tsb), arg_interval, 0));

hn = gethostname_malloc();

if (hn) {

hostname_cleanup(hn);

fprintf(stderr, "\nThe keys have been generated for host %s/" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR ".\n", hn, SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine));

} else

fprintf(stderr, "\nThe keys have been generated for host " SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR ".\n", SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine));

#ifdef HAVE_QRENCODE

/* If this is not an UTF-8 system don't print any QR codes */

if (is_locale_utf8()) {

fputs("\nTo transfer the verification key to your phone please scan the QR code below:\n\n", stderr);

print_qr_code(stderr, seed, seed_size, n, arg_interval, hn, machine);

}

#endif

free(hn);

}

r = 0;

finish:

safe_close(fd);

if (k) {

unlink(k);

free(k);

}

free(p);

return r;

#else

log_error("Forward-secure sealing not available.");

return -EOPNOTSUPP;

#endif

}

static int verify(sd_journal *j) {

int r = 0;

Iterator i;

JournalFile *f;

assert(j);

log_show_color(true);

ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH(f, j->files, i) {

int k;

usec_t first = 0, validated = 0, last = 0;

#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT

if (!arg_verify_key && JOURNAL_HEADER_SEALED(f->header))

log_notice("Journal file %s has sealing enabled but verification key has not been passed using --verify-key=.", f->path);

#endif

k = journal_file_verify(f, arg_verify_key, &first, &validated, &last, true);

if (k == -EINVAL) {

/* If the key was invalid give up right-away. */

return k;

} else if (k < 0) {

log_warning_errno(k, "FAIL: %s (%m)", f->path);

r = k;

} else {

char a[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], b[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], c[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];

log_info("PASS: %s", f->path);

if (arg_verify_key && JOURNAL_HEADER_SEALED(f->header)) {

if (validated > 0) {

log_info("=> Validated from %s to %s, final %s entries not sealed.",

format_timestamp_maybe_utc(a, sizeof(a), first),

format_timestamp_maybe_utc(b, sizeof(b), validated),

format_timespan(c, sizeof(c), last > validated ? last - validated : 0, 0));

} else if (last > 0)

log_info("=> No sealing yet, %s of entries not sealed.",

format_timespan(c, sizeof(c), last - first, 0));

else

log_info("=> No sealing yet, no entries in file.");

}

}

}

return r;

}

static int access_check_var_log_journal(sd_journal *j) {

#ifdef HAVE_ACL

_cleanup_strv_free_ char **g = NULL;

const char* dir;

#endif

int r;

assert(j);

if (arg_quiet)

return 0;

/* If we are root, we should have access, don't warn. */

if (getuid() == 0)

return 0;

/* If we are in the 'systemd-journal' group, we should have

r = in_group("systemd-journal");

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to check if we are in the 'systemd-journal' group: %m");

if (r > 0)

return 0;

#ifdef HAVE_ACL

if (laccess("/run/log/journal", F_OK) >= 0)

dir = "/run/log/journal";

else

dir = "/var/log/journal";

/* If we are in any of the groups listed in the journal ACLs,

r = acl_search_groups(dir, &g);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to search journal ACL: %m");

if (r > 0)

return 0;

/* Print a pretty list, if there were ACLs set. */

if (!strv_isempty(g)) {

_cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;

/* Thre are groups in the ACL, let's list them */

r = strv_extend(&g, "systemd-journal");

if (r < 0)

return log_oom();

strv_sort(g);

strv_uniq(g);

s = strv_join(g, "', '");

if (!s)

return log_oom();

log_notice("Hint: You are currently not seeing messages from other users and the system.\n"

" Users in groups '%s' can see all messages.\n"

" Pass -q to turn off this notice.", s);

return 1;

}

#endif

/* If no ACLs were found, print a short version of the message. */

log_notice("Hint: You are currently not seeing messages from other users and the system.\n"

" Users in the 'systemd-journal' group can see all messages. Pass -q to\n"

" turn off this notice.");

return 1;

}

static int access_check(sd_journal *j) {

Iterator it;

void *code;

int r = 0;

assert(j);

if (set_isempty(j->errors)) {

if (ordered_hashmap_isempty(j->files))

log_notice("No journal files were found.");

return 0;

}

if (set_contains(j->errors, INT_TO_PTR(-EACCES))) {

(void) access_check_var_log_journal(j);

if (ordered_hashmap_isempty(j->files))

r = log_error_errno(EACCES, "No journal files were opened due to insufficient permissions.");

}

SET_FOREACH(code, j->errors, it) {

int err;

err = -PTR_TO_INT(code);

assert(err > 0);

if (err == EACCES)

continue;

log_warning_errno(err, "Error was encountered while opening journal files: %m");

if (r == 0)

r = -err;

}

return r;

}

static int flush_to_var(void) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

_cleanup_bus_flush_close_unref_ sd_bus *bus = NULL;

_cleanup_close_ int watch_fd = -1;

int r;

/* Quick exit */

if (access("/run/systemd/journal/flushed", F_OK) >= 0)

return 0;

/* OK, let's actually do the full logic, send SIGUSR1 to the

r = bus_connect_system_systemd(&bus);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get D-Bus connection: %m");

r = sd_bus_call_method(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.systemd1",

"/org/freedesktop/systemd1",

"org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",

"KillUnit",

&error,

NULL,

"ssi", "systemd-journald.service", "main", SIGUSR1);

if (r < 0) {

log_error("Failed to kill journal service: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));

return r;

}

mkdir_p("/run/systemd/journal", 0755);

watch_fd = inotify_init1(IN_NONBLOCK|IN_CLOEXEC);

if (watch_fd < 0)

return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create inotify watch: %m");

r = inotify_add_watch(watch_fd, "/run/systemd/journal", IN_CREATE|IN_DONT_FOLLOW|IN_ONLYDIR);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to watch journal directory: %m");

for (;;) {

if (access("/run/systemd/journal/flushed", F_OK) >= 0)

break;

if (errno != ENOENT)

return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to check for existence of /run/systemd/journal/flushed: %m");

r = fd_wait_for_event(watch_fd, POLLIN, USEC_INFINITY);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to wait for event: %m");

r = flush_fd(watch_fd);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to flush inotify events: %m");

}

return 0;

}

static int rotate(void) {

_cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

_cleanup_bus_flush_close_unref_ sd_bus *bus = NULL;

int r;

r = bus_connect_system_systemd(&bus);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get D-Bus connection: %m");

r = sd_bus_call_method(

bus,

"org.freedesktop.systemd1",

"/org/freedesktop/systemd1",

"org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",

"KillUnit",

&error,

NULL,

"ssi", "systemd-journald.service", "main", SIGUSR2);

if (r < 0)

return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to kill journal service: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));

return 0;

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

int r;

_cleanup_journal_close_ sd_journal *j = NULL;

bool need_seek = false;

sd_id128_t previous_boot_id;

bool previous_boot_id_valid = false, first_line = true;

int n_shown = 0;

bool ellipsized = false;

setlocale(LC_ALL, "");

log_parse_environment();

log_open();

r = parse_argv(argc, argv);

if (r <= 0)

goto finish;

signal(SIGWINCH, columns_lines_cache_reset);

sigbus_install();

/* Increase max number of open files to 16K if we can, we

setrlimit_closest(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &RLIMIT_MAKE_CONST(16384));

if (arg_action == ACTION_NEW_ID128) {

r = generate_new_id128();

goto finish;

}

if (arg_action == ACTION_FLUSH) {

r = flush_to_var();

goto finish;

}

if (arg_action == ACTION_ROTATE) {

r = rotate();

goto finish;

}

if (arg_action == ACTION_SETUP_KEYS) {

r = setup_keys();

goto finish;

}

if (arg_action == ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG ||

arg_action == ACTION_LIST_CATALOG ||

arg_action == ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG) {

_cleanup_free_ char *database;

database = path_join(arg_root, CATALOG_DATABASE, NULL);

if (!database) {

r = log_oom();

goto finish;

}

if (arg_action == ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG) {

r = catalog_update(database, arg_root, catalog_file_dirs);

if (r < 0)

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to list catalog: %m");

} else {

bool oneline = arg_action == ACTION_LIST_CATALOG;

pager_open_if_enabled();

if (optind < argc)

r = catalog_list_items(stdout, database,

oneline, argv + optind);

else

r = catalog_list(stdout, database, oneline);

if (r < 0)

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to list catalog: %m");

}

goto finish;

}

if (arg_directory)

r = sd_journal_open_directory(&j, arg_directory, arg_journal_type);

else if (arg_file)

r = sd_journal_open_files(&j, (const char**) arg_file, 0);

else if (arg_machine)

r = sd_journal_open_container(&j, arg_machine, 0);

else

r = sd_journal_open(&j, !arg_merge*SD_JOURNAL_LOCAL_ONLY + arg_journal_type);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open %s: %m",

arg_directory ? arg_directory : arg_file ? "files" : "journal");

goto finish;

}

r = access_check(j);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

if (arg_action == ACTION_VERIFY) {

r = verify(j);

goto finish;

}

if (arg_action == ACTION_PRINT_HEADER) {

journal_print_header(j);

r = 0;

goto finish;

}

if (arg_action == ACTION_DISK_USAGE) {

uint64_t bytes = 0;

char sbytes[FORMAT_BYTES_MAX];

r = sd_journal_get_usage(j, &bytes);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

printf("Archived and active journals take up %s on disk.\n",

format_bytes(sbytes, sizeof(sbytes), bytes));

goto finish;

}

if (arg_action == ACTION_VACUUM) {

Directory *d;

Iterator i;

HASHMAP_FOREACH(d, j->directories_by_path, i) {

int q;

if (d->is_root)

continue;

q = journal_directory_vacuum(d->path, arg_vacuum_size, arg_vacuum_n_files, arg_vacuum_time, NULL, true);

if (q < 0) {

log_error_errno(q, "Failed to vacuum %s: %m", d->path);

r = q;

}

}

goto finish;

}

if (arg_action == ACTION_LIST_BOOTS) {

r = list_boots(j);

goto finish;

}

/* add_boot() must be called first!

r = add_boot(j);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

r = add_dmesg(j);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

r = add_units(j);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add filter for units: %m");

goto finish;

}

r = add_syslog_identifier(j);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add filter for syslog identifiers: %m");

goto finish;

}

r = add_priorities(j);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

r = add_matches(j, argv + optind);

if (r < 0)

goto finish;

if (_unlikely_(log_get_max_level() >= LOG_DEBUG)) {

_cleanup_free_ char *filter;

filter = journal_make_match_string(j);

if (!filter)

return log_oom();

log_debug("Journal filter: %s", filter);

}

if (arg_field) {

const void *data;

size_t size;

r = sd_journal_set_data_threshold(j, 0);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to unset data size threshold: %m");

goto finish;

}

r = sd_journal_query_unique(j, arg_field);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to query unique data objects: %m");

goto finish;

}

SD_JOURNAL_FOREACH_UNIQUE(j, data, size) {

const void *eq;

if (arg_lines >= 0 && n_shown >= arg_lines)

break;

eq = memchr(data, '=', size);

if (eq)

printf("%.*s\n", (int) (size - ((const uint8_t*) eq - (const uint8_t*) data + 1)), (const char*) eq + 1);

else

printf("%.*s\n", (int) size, (const char*) data);

n_shown ++;

}

r = 0;

goto finish;

}

/* Opening the fd now means the first sd_journal_wait() will actually wait */

if (arg_follow) {

r = sd_journal_get_fd(j);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get journal fd: %m");

goto finish;

}

}

if (arg_cursor || arg_after_cursor) {

r = sd_journal_seek_cursor(j, arg_cursor ?: arg_after_cursor);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to cursor: %m");

goto finish;

}

if (!arg_reverse)

r = sd_journal_next_skip(j, 1 + !!arg_after_cursor);

else

r = sd_journal_previous_skip(j, 1 + !!arg_after_cursor);

if (arg_after_cursor && r < 2) {

/* We couldn't find the next entry after the cursor. */

if (arg_follow)

need_seek = true;

else

arg_lines = 0;

}

} else if (arg_since_set && !arg_reverse) {

r = sd_journal_seek_realtime_usec(j, arg_since);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to date: %m");

goto finish;

}

r = sd_journal_next(j);

} else if (arg_until_set && arg_reverse) {

r = sd_journal_seek_realtime_usec(j, arg_until);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to date: %m");

goto finish;

}

r = sd_journal_previous(j);

} else if (arg_lines >= 0) {

r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to tail: %m");

goto finish;

}

r = sd_journal_previous_skip(j, arg_lines);

} else if (arg_reverse) {

r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to tail: %m");

goto finish;

}

r = sd_journal_previous(j);

} else {

r = sd_journal_seek_head(j);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to head: %m");

goto finish;

}

r = sd_journal_next(j);

}

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to iterate through journal: %m");

goto finish;

}

if (r == 0) {

if (arg_follow)

need_seek = true;

else {

printf("-- No entries --\n");

goto finish;

}

}

if (!arg_follow)

pager_open_if_enabled();

if (!arg_quiet) {

usec_t start, end;

char start_buf[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], end_buf[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];

r = sd_journal_get_cutoff_realtime_usec(j, &start, &end);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get cutoff: %m");

goto finish;

}

if (r > 0) {

if (arg_follow)

printf("-- Logs begin at %s. --\n",

format_timestamp_maybe_utc(start_buf, sizeof(start_buf), start));

else

printf("-- Logs begin at %s, end at %s. --\n",

format_timestamp_maybe_utc(start_buf, sizeof(start_buf), start),

format_timestamp_maybe_utc(end_buf, sizeof(end_buf), end));

}

}

for (;;) {

while (arg_lines < 0 || n_shown < arg_lines || (arg_follow && !first_line)) {

int flags;

if (need_seek) {

if (!arg_reverse)

r = sd_journal_next(j);

else

r = sd_journal_previous(j);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to iterate through journal: %m");

goto finish;

}

if (r == 0)

break;

}

if (arg_until_set && !arg_reverse) {

usec_t usec;

r = sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(j, &usec);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine timestamp: %m");

goto finish;

}

if (usec > arg_until)

goto finish;

}

if (arg_since_set && arg_reverse) {

usec_t usec;

r = sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(j, &usec);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine timestamp: %m");

goto finish;

}

if (usec < arg_since)

goto finish;

}

if (!arg_merge && !arg_quiet) {

sd_id128_t boot_id;

r = sd_journal_get_monotonic_usec(j, NULL, &boot_id);

if (r >= 0) {

if (previous_boot_id_valid &&

!sd_id128_equal(boot_id, previous_boot_id))

printf("%s-- Reboot --%s\n",

ansi_highlight(), ansi_normal());

previous_boot_id = boot_id;

previous_boot_id_valid = true;

}

}

flags =

arg_all * OUTPUT_SHOW_ALL |

arg_full * OUTPUT_FULL_WIDTH |

on_tty() * OUTPUT_COLOR |

arg_catalog * OUTPUT_CATALOG |

arg_utc * OUTPUT_UTC;

r = output_journal(stdout, j, arg_output, 0, flags, &ellipsized);

need_seek = true;

if (r == -EADDRNOTAVAIL)

break;

else if (r < 0 || ferror(stdout))

goto finish;

n_shown++;

}

if (!arg_follow) {

if (arg_show_cursor) {

_cleanup_free_ char *cursor = NULL;

r = sd_journal_get_cursor(j, &cursor);

if (r < 0 && r != -EADDRNOTAVAIL)

log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get cursor: %m");

else if (r >= 0)

printf("-- cursor: %s\n", cursor);

}

break;

}

r = sd_journal_wait(j, (uint64_t) -1);

if (r < 0) {

log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't wait for journal event: %m");

goto finish;

}

first_line = false;

}

finish:

pager_close();

strv_free(arg_file);

strv_free(arg_syslog_identifier);

strv_free(arg_system_units);

strv_free(arg_user_units);

free(arg_root);

return r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS;

}