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<refentry id="systemd">

<refentryinfo>

<title>systemd</title>

<productname>systemd</productname>

<authorgroup>

<author>

<contrib>Developer</contrib>

<firstname>Lennart</firstname>

<surname>Poettering</surname>

<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>

</author>

</authorgroup>

</refentryinfo>

<refmeta>

<refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle>

<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

</refmeta>

<refnamediv>

<refname>systemd</refname>

<refpurpose>systemd System and Session Manager</refpurpose>

</refnamediv>

<refsynopsisdiv>

<cmdsynopsis>

<command>systemd <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">options</arg></command>

</cmdsynopsis>

<cmdsynopsis>

<command>init <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">options</arg></command>

</cmdsynopsis>

</refsynopsisdiv>

<refsect1>

<title>Description</title>

<para>systemd is a system and session manager for

Linux operating systems. When run as first process on

boot (as PID 1) it may act as init system that brings

up and maintains userspace.</para>

<para>For compatibility with SysV if systemd is called

as <command>init</command> and a PID that is not

1 it will execute <command>telinit</command> and pass

all command line arguments unmodified. That means

<command>init</command> and <command>telinit</command>

are mostly equivalent when invoked from normal login sessions. See

<citerefentry><refentrytitle>telinit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>

for more information.</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>Options</title>

<para>The following options are understood:</para>

<variablelist>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>-h</option> | <option>--help</option></term>

<listitem><para>Prints a short help

text and exits.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>--unit=</option></term>

<listitem><para>Set default unit to

activate on startup. If not specified

defaults to

<filename>default.target</filename>.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>--running-as=</option></term>

<listitem><para>Tell systemd to run in

a particular mode. Argument is one of

<option>system</option>,

<option>session</option>. Normally it

should not be necessary to pass this

option, as systemd automatically

detects the mode it is started

in. This call is hence of little use

except for

debugging.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>--test</option></term>

<listitem><para>Determine startup

sequence, dump it and exit. This is an

option useful for debugging

only.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>--dump-configuration-items</option></term>

<listitem><para>Dump understood unit

configuration items. This outputs a

terse list of configuration items

understood in unit definition

files.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>--confirm-spawn</option></term>

<listitem><para>Ask for confirmation when spawning processes.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>--introspect=</option></term>

<listitem><para>Extract D-Bus

interface introspection data. This is

mostly useful at build ot install time

to generate data suitable for the

D-Bus interfaces

repository. Optionally the interface

name for the introspection data may be

specified. If omitted the

introspection data for all interfaces

is dumped.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>--log-level=</option></term>

<listitem><para>Set log level. As

argument this accepts a numerical log

level or the well-known <citerefentry><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>

symbolic names (lowercase):

<option>emerg</option>,

<option>alert</option>,

<option>crit</option>,

<option>err</option>,

<option>warning</option>,

<option>notice</option>,

<option>info</option>,

<option>debug</option>.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>--log-target=</option></term>

<listitem><para>Set log

target. Argument must be one of

<option>console</option>,

<option>syslog</option>,

<option>kmsg</option>,

<option>syslog-or-kmsg</option>,

<option>null</option>.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>--log-color=</option></term>

<listitem><para>Highlight important

log messages. Argument is a boolean

value. If the argument is omitted it

defaults to

<option>true</option>.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>--log-location=</option></term>

<listitem><para>Include code location

in log messages. This is mostly

relevant for debugging

purposes. Argument is a boolean

value. If the argument is omitted

it defaults to

<option>true</option>.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>Sockets and FIFOs</title>

<variablelist>

<varlistentry>

<term><filename>@/org/freedesktop/systemd1/notify</filename></term>

<listitem><para>Daemon status

notification socket. This is an AF_UNIX

datagram socket in the Linux abstract

namespace, and is used to implement

the daemon notification logic as

implemented by

<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_notify</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><filename>@/org/freedesktop/systemd1/logger</filename></term>

<listitem><para>Used internally by the

<filename>systemd-logger.service</filename>

unit to connect STDOUT and/or STDERR

of spawned processes to

<citerefentry><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>

or the kernel log buffer. This is an

AF_UNIX stream socket in the Linux

abstract namespace.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><filename>@/org/freedesktop/systemd1/private</filename></term>

<listitem><para>Used internally as

communication channel between

<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>

and the systemd process. This is an

AF_UNIX stream socket in the Linux

abstract namespace. This interface is

private to systemd and should not be

used in external

projects.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><filename>/dev/initctl</filename></term>

<listitem><para>Limited compatibility

support for the SysV client interface,

as implemented by the

<filename>systemd-initctl.service</filename>

unit. This is a named pipe in the file

system. This interface is obsolete and

should not be used in new

applications.</para></listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>See Also</title>

<para>

<citerefentry><refentrytitle>daemon</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,

</para>

</refsect1>

</refentry>