13931N/A<!
DOCTYPE REFENTRY PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems//DTD DocBook V3.0-Based SolBook Subset V2.0//EN" [
13931N/A<!--ArborText, Inc., 1988-1999, v.4002-->
15985N/A<!
ENTITY suncopy "Copyright (c) 2007,2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.">
13931N/A<
refmeta><
refentrytitle>&cmd;</
refentrytitle><
manvolnum>3</
manvolnum>
15985N/A<
refmiscinfo class="date">25 Feb 2009</
refmiscinfo>
13931N/A<
refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">&man3;</
refmiscinfo>
13931N/A<
refmiscinfo class="software">&release;</
refmiscinfo>
13931N/A<
refmiscinfo class="arch">generic</
refmiscinfo>
13931N/A<
refmiscinfo class="copyright">&suncopy;</
refmiscinfo>
13931N/A<
indexterm><
primary>&cmd;</
primary></
indexterm><
indexterm><
primary>
13931N/A</
primary></
indexterm><
refnamediv id="dbus-daemon-1-name">
13931N/A<
refname>&cmd;</
refname><
refpurpose>
13931N/A<
refsynopsisdiv id="dbus-daemon-1-synp"><
title>&synp-tt;</
title>
13931N/A<
cmdsynopsis><
command>&cmd;</
command>
13931N/A<
arg choice="opt"><
option>-config-file=<
replaceable>file</
replaceable></
option></
arg>
13931N/A<
arg choice="opt"><
option>-fork</
option> | <
option>-nofork</
option></
arg>
13931N/A<
arg choice="opt"><
option>-introspect</
option></
arg>
13931N/A<
arg choice="opt"><
option>-print-address[=<
replaceable>descriptor</
replaceable>]</
option></
arg>
13931N/A<
arg choice="opt"><
option>-print-pid[=<
replaceable>descriptor</
replaceable>]</
option></
arg>
13931N/A<
arg choice="opt"><
option>-session</
option></
arg>
13931N/A<
arg choice="opt"><
option>-system</
option></
arg>
13931N/A<
arg choice="opt"><
option>-version</
option></
arg>
13931N/A<
refsect1 id="dbus-daemon-1-desc"><
title>&desc-tt;</
title>
15985N/A<
command>&cmd;</
command> is the D\-Bus message bus daemon. See
13931N/Afor more information. D\-Bus is first a library that provides one\-to\-one
15985N/Acommunication between any two applications; <
command>&cmd;</
command> is an
15985N/Aapplication that uses this library to implement a message bus daemon. Multiple
15985N/Aprograms connect to the message bus daemon and can exchange messages with one
15985N/AThere are two standard message bus instances. <
command>&cmd;</
command> is used
15985N/Afor both of these instances, but with a different configuration file.
13931N/Asystemwide message bus - Disabled and not supported on Solaris, but installed
15985N/Aon many systems as the "messagebus" init service. Note that the
13931N/A<
option>-system</
option> option is equivalent to:
13931N/Aper-user-login-session message bus - Enabled and supported on Solaris, and
13931N/Astarted each time a user logs in. Note that the
13931N/A<
option>-session</
option> option is equivalent to:
13931N/ABy creating additional configuration files and using the
13931N/A<
option>-config\-file</
option> option, additional special-purpose message bus
13931N/AOn Solaris, D\-Bus is configured with the systemwide message bus disabled.
13931N/AThe systemwide message bus is not used by any applications that are currently
13931N/AThe systemwide daemon is normally launched by an init script, standardly called
13931N/AThe systemwide daemon is largely used for broadcasting system events, such as
13931N/AThe per-session daemon is used for various interprocess communication among
13931N/Adesktop applications (however, it is not tied to X or the GUI in any way).
13931N/ASIGHUP will cause the D\-Bus daemon to PARTIALLY reload its configuration file
15985N/Awould require kicking all applications off the bus; so they will only take
15985N/Aeffect if you restart the daemon. Policy changes should take effect with
13931N/A<
refsect1 id="dbus-daemon-1-opts"><
title>&opts-tt;</
title>
13931N/A<
para>The following options are supported:</
para>
13931N/A<
variablelist termlength="wholescreen">
13931N/A<
term><
option>-config-file=<
replaceable>file</
replaceable></
option></
term>
13931N/AUse the given configuration <
replaceable>file</
replaceable>.
13931N/A<
term><
option>-fork</
option></
term>
13931N/AForce the message bus to fork and become a daemon, regardless of configuration
13931N/A<
term><
option>-introspect</
option></
term>
13931N/A<
term><
option>-nofork</
option></
term>
13931N/AAvoid running the message bus as a daemon, regardless of configuration file
13931N/A<
term><
option>-print-address[=<
replaceable>descriptor</
replaceable>]</
option></
term>
13931N/APrint the address of the message bus to standard output, or to the given file
13931N/A<
replaceable>descriptor</
replaceable>. This is used by programs that launch
13931N/A<
term><
option>-print-pid[=<
replaceable>descriptor</
replaceable>]</
option></
term>
13931N/APrint the process ID of the message bus to standard output, or to the given
13931N/Afile <
replaceable>descriptor</
replaceable>. This is used by programs that
13931N/A<
term><
option>-session</
option></
term>
13931N/AUse the standard configuration file for the per-login-session message bus.
13931N/A<
term><
option>-system</
option></
term>
13931N/AUse the standard configuration file for the systemwide message bus.
13931N/A<
term><
option>-version</
option></
term>
13931N/APrint the version of the daemon.
13931N/A<
refsect1 id="dbus-daemon-1-exde"><
title>&exde-tt;</
title>
13931N/A<
title>CONFIGURATION FILE</
title>
13931N/AA message bus daemon has a configuration file that specializes it for a
13931N/Aparticular application. For example, one configuration file might set up the
13931N/Amessage bus to be a systemwide message bus, while another might set it
13931N/Aup to be a per-user-login-session bus.
13931N/AThe configuration file also establishes resource limits, security parameters,
13931N/AThe configuration file is not part of any interoperability specification and
13931N/Aits backward compatibility is not guaranteed; this document is documentation,
13931N/AThe standard systemwide and per-session message bus setups are configured in
13931N/Afiles to avoid modifying the primary configuration files.
13931N/AThe configuration file is an XML document. It must have the following doctype
15985N/A <!DOCTYPE busconfig PUBLIC "-//freedesktop//DTD D\-Bus Bus Configuration 1.0//EN"
13931N/AThe following elements may be present in the configuration file.
13931N/ANote that some configuration file options are only meaningful with
13931N/Athe systemwide message bus, which is disabled on Solaris. Such options
13931N/Aare only documented for reference.
15985N/AThe well-known type of the message bus. Currently known values are
15985N/A"system" and "session"; if other values are set, they
15985N/Ashould be either added to the D\-Bus specification, or namespaced. The last
15985N/A<type> element "wins" (previous values are ignored). This
15985N/Aelement only controls which message bus specific environment variables are set
15985N/Ain activated clients. Most of the policy that distinguishes a session bus from
15985N/Athe system bus is controlled from the other elements in the configuration file.
15985N/AIf the well-known type of the message bus is "session", then the
15985N/ADBUS_STARTER_BUS_TYPE environment variable will be set to "session"
15985N/Aand the DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS environment variable will be set to the
15985N/Aaddress of the session bus. Likewise, if the type of the message bus is
15985N/A"system", then the DBUS_STARTER_BUS_TYPE environment variable will be
15985N/Aset to "system" and the DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS environment variable
15985N/Awill be set to the address of the system bus (which is normally well known
13931N/AExample: <type>session</type>
13931N/Athe filename is relative, it is located relative to the configuration file
15985N/A<include> has an optional attribute "ignore_missing=(yes|no)"
15985N/Awhich defaults to "no" if not provided. This attribute controls
15985N/Awhether it is a fatal error for the included file to be absent.
13931N/AInclude all files in <includedir>
foo.d</includedir> at this point.
13931N/AFiles in the directory are included in undefined order. Only files ending in
13931N/AThis is intended to allow extension of the system bus by particular packages.
13931N/AFor example, if CUPS wants to be able to send out notification of printer queue
15985N/Aapplications to receive this message and allowed the printer daemon user to
15985N/AThe user account the daemon should run as, specified as either a username or a
15985N/AUID. If the daemon cannot change to this UID on startup, it will exit. If
15985N/Athis element is not present, the daemon will not change or care about its UID.
15985N/AThe last <user> entry in the file "wins", the others are
15985N/AThe user is changed after the bus has completed initialization. So sockets,
13931N/Aetc. will be created before changing user, but no data will be read from
13931N/Aclients before changing user. This means that sockets and PID files can be
13931N/Acreated in a location that requires root privileges for writing.
13931N/AIf present, the bus daemon becomes a real daemon (forks into the background,
13931N/Aetc.). This is generally used rather than the <
option>-fork</
option> command
15985N/AIf present, the bus daemon keeps its original umask when forking. This may be
15985N/Auseful to avoid affecting the behavior of child processes.
13931N/AAdd an address that the bus should listen on. The address is in the standard
13931N/A Example: <listen>tcp:host=localhost,port=1234</listen>
13931N/AIf there are multiple <listen> elements, then the bus listens on multiple
13931N/Aaddresses. The bus will pass its address to started services or other
13931N/Ainterested parties with the last address given in <listen> first. That
15985N/Ais, applications will try to connect to the last <listen> address first.
13931N/Atcp sockets can accept IPv4 addresses, IPv6 addresses or hostnames. If a
13931N/Ahostname resolves to multiple addresses, the server will bind to all of them.
13931N/AThe family=ipv4 or family=ipv6 options can be used to force it to bind to a
13931N/A <listen>tcp:host=localhost,port=0,family=ipv4</listen>
13931N/AA special case is using a port number of zero (or omitting the port), which
13931N/Ameans to choose an available port selected by the operating system. The port
13931N/Anumber chosen can be obtained with the <
option>-print-address</
option> command
13931N/Aline parameter and will be present in other cases where the server reports its
13931N/Aown address, such as when DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS is set.
13931N/A Example: <listen>tcp:host=localhost,port=0</listen>
13931N/Atcp addresses also allow a bind=hostname option, which will override the host
13931N/Aoption specifying what address to bind to, without changing the address
13931N/Areported by the bus. The bind option can also take a special name '*' to
13931N/Acause the bus to listen on all local address (INADDR_ANY). The specified host
13931N/Ashould be a valid name of the local machine or weird stuff will happen.
13931N/A Example: <listen>tcp:host=localhost,bind=*,port=0</listen>
13931N/ALists permitted authorization mechanisms. If this element does not exist, then
13931N/Aall known mechanisms are allowed. If there are multiple <auth> elements,
13931N/Aall the listed mechanisms are allowed. The order in which mechanisms are
13931N/A Example: <auth>EXTERNAL</auth>
13931N/A Example: <auth>DBUS_COOKIE_SHA1</auth>
13931N/AAdds a directory to scan for <
filename>.service</
filename> files. Directories
13931N/Aare scanned starting with the last to appear in the config file (the first
13931N/A<
filename>.service</
filename> file found that provides a particular service
13931N/AService files tell the bus how to automatically start a program. They are
13931N/Aprimarily used with the per-user-session bus, not the systemwide bus.
13931N/A<standard session servicedirs/>
13931N/A<standard_session_servicedirs/> is equivalent to specifying a series of
15985N/A<servicedir/> elements for each of the data directories in the "XDG
15985N/ABase Directory Specification" with the subdirectory
15985N/AThe "XDG Base Directory Specification" should be found at
13931N/AThe <standard_session_servicedirs/> option is only relevant to the
13931N/Aper-user-session bus daemon defined in
13931N/Aconfiguration file would probably be nonsense.
13931N/A<standard system servicedirs/>
13931N/A<standard_system_servicedirs/> specifies the standard systemwide
13931N/Aactivation directories that should be searched for service files. This option
13931N/AThe <standard_system_servicedirs/> option is only relevant
13931N/Ato the per-system bus daemon defined in
13931N/Aconfiguration file would probably be nonsense.
13931N/A<servicehelper/> specifies the setuid helper that is used to launch
13931N/Asystem daemons with an alternate user. Typically this would be the
13931N/A<
command>dbus-daemon-launch-helper</
command> executable. Because the
13931N/Asystemwide message bus is disabled on Solaris, the
13931N/A<
command>dbus-daemon-launch-helper</
command> executable is not distributed
13931N/AThe <servicehelper/> option is only relevant to the per-system bus
13931N/Aany other configuration file would probably be nonsense.
13931N/A<limit> establishes a resource limit. For example:
15985N/A <limit name="max_message_size">64</limit>
15985N/A <limit name="max_completed_connections">512</limit>
13931N/AThe name attribute is mandatory. Available limit names are:
15985N/A "max_incoming_bytes" : total size in bytes of
15985N/A "max_outgoing_bytes" : total size in bytes of
15985N/A "max_message_size" : max size of a single
15985N/A "service_start_timeout" : milliseconds
15985N/A "auth_timeout" : milliseconds
15985N/A "max_completed_connections" : max number of
15985N/A "max_incomplete_connections" : max number of
15985N/A "max_connections_per_user" : max number of
15985N/A "max_pending_service_starts" : max number of
15985N/A "max_names_per_connection" : max number of names
15985N/A "max_match_rules_per_connection" : max number of match
15985N/A "max_replies_per_connection" : max number of
15985N/A "reply_timeout" : milliseconds
13931N/Abyte remains below the max. So you can in fact exceed the max by
13931N/Amax_completed_connections divided by max_connections_per_user is the number of
13931N/Ausers that can work together to denial-of-service all other users by using up
13931N/Aall connections on the systemwide bus.
13931N/ALimits are normally only of interest on the systemwide bus, not the user
13931N/AThe <policy> element defines a security policy to be applied to a
13931N/Aparticular set of connections to the bus. A policy is made up of <allow>
13931N/Aand <deny> elements. Policies are normally used with the systemwide bus;
13931N/Athey are analogous to a firewall in that they allow expected traffic and
15985N/ACurrently, the system bus has a default-deny policy for sending method calls
15985N/Aand owning bus names. Everything else, in particular reply messages, receive
15985N/Achecks, and signals has a default allow policy.
15985N/AIn general, it is best to keep system services as small, targeted programs
15985N/Awhich run in their own process and provide a single bus name. Then, all that
15985N/Ais needed is an <allow> rule for the "own" permission to let
15985N/Athe process claim the bus name, and a "send_destination" rule to
15985N/Aallow traffic from some or all uids to your service.
15985N/AThe <policy> element has one of four attributes:
15985N/Acontext="(default|mandatory)"
15985N/Aat_console="(true|false)"
15985N/Auser="username or userid"
15985N/Agroup="group name or gid"
13931N/APolicies are applied to a connection as follows:
15985N/Aall context="default" policies are applied
15985N/Aall group="connection's user's group" policies are applied
15985N/Aall user="connection's auth user" policies are applied
15985N/Aall at_console="true" policies are applied
15985N/Aall at_console="false" policies are applied
15985N/Aall context="mandatory" policies are applied
13931N/APolicies applied later will override those applied earlier, when the policies
13931N/Aorder they appear in the config file.
13931N/AA <deny> element appears below a <policy> element and prohibits
13931N/Asome action. The <allow> element makes an exception to previous
13931N/A<deny> statements, and works just like <deny> but with the inverse
13931N/AThe possible attributes of these elements are:
15985N/A send_interface="interface_name"
15985N/A send_member="method_or_signal_name"
15985N/A send_error="error_name"
15985N/A send_destination="name"
15985N/A send_type="method_call" | "method_return" | "signal" | "error"
15985N/A receive_interface="interface_name"
15985N/A receive_member="method_or_signal_name"
15985N/A receive_error="error_name"
15985N/A receive_sender="name"
15985N/A receive_type="method_call" | "method_return" | "signal" | "error"
15985N/A send_requested_reply="true" | "false"
15985N/A receive_requested_reply="true" | "false"
15985N/A eavesdrop="true" | "false"
15985N/A <deny user="john"/>
15985N/A <deny group="enemies"/>
15985N/AThe <deny> element's attributes determine whether the deny
15985N/A"matches" a particular action. If it matches, the action is denied
15985N/A(unless later rules in the config file allow it).
13931N/Asend_destination and receive_sender rules mean that messages may not be sent to
13931N/Aor received from the *owner* of the given name, not that they may not be sent
13931N/A*to that name*. That is, if a connection owns services A, B, C, and sending to
13931N/AA is denied, sending to B or C will not work either.
13931N/Aagainst the given field in the message header.
15985N/A"Eavesdropping" occurs when an application receives a message that
15985N/Awas explicitly addressed to a name the application does not own, or is a reply
15985N/Ato such a message. Eavesdropping thus only applies to messages that are
15985N/Aaddressed to services and replies to such messages (
i.e. it does not apply to
15985N/AFor <allow>, eavesdrop="true" indicates that the rule matches
15985N/Aeven when eavesdropping. eavesdrop="false" is the default and means
15985N/Athat the rule only allows messages to go to their specified recipient. For
15985N/A<deny>, eavesdrop="true" indicates that the rule matches only
15985N/Aeavesdropping. eavesdrop="false" is the default for <deny>
15985N/Aalso, but here it means that the rule applies always, even when not
15985N/Aeavesdropping. The eavesdrop attribute can only be combined with send and
15985N/Areceive rules (with send_* and receive_* attributes).
13931N/AThe [send|receive]_requested_reply attribute works similarly to the eavesdrop
13931N/Aattribute. It controls whether the <deny> or <allow> matches a
13931N/Areply that is expected (corresponds to a previous method call message). This
13931N/Aattribute only makes sense for reply messages (errors and method returns), and
13931N/Ais ignored for other message types.
15985N/AFor <allow>, [send|receive]_requested_reply="true" is the
15985N/Adefault and indicates that only requested replies are allowed by the rule.
15985N/A[send|receive]_requested_reply="false" means that the rule allows any
15985N/AFor <deny>, [send|receive]_requested_reply="false" is the
15985N/Adefault but indicates that the rule matches only when the reply was not
15985N/Arequested. [send|receive]_requested_reply="true" indicates that the
15985N/Arule applies always, regardless of pending reply state.
13931N/Auser and group denials mean that the given user or group may not connect to the
15985N/AFor "name", "username", "groupname", etc. the
15985N/Acharacter "*" can be substituted, meaning "any". Complex
15985N/Aglobs like "
foo.bar.*" are not allowed for now because they would be
15985N/Awork to implement and maybe encourage sloppy security anyway.
13931N/AIt does not make sense to deny a user or group inside a <policy> for
15985N/Acontext="default" or context="mandatory" policies.
13931N/AA single <deny> rule may specify combinations of attributes such as
13931N/Asend_destination and send_interface and send_type. In this case, the denial
13931N/Aapplies only if both attributes match the message being denied.
e.g. <deny
15985N/Awould deny messages with the given interface AND the given bus name. To get an
15985N/AOR effect you specify multiple <deny> rules.
15985N/AYou can not include both send_ and receive_ attributes on the same rule, since
15985N/A"whether the message can be sent" and "whether it can be
15985N/Areceived" are evaluated separately.
15985N/Ain messages is optional. In particular, do NOT specify <deny
15985N/Amessages to be blocked for all services, which is almost certainly not what you
15985N/Aintended. Always use rules of the form:
13931N/AThe <selinux> element contains settings related to Security Enhanced
13931N/ALinux. More details below. Note, SELinux is not supported on Solaris.
13931N/AAn <associate> element appears below an <selinux> element and
13931N/Acreates a mapping. Right now only one kind of association is possible:
13931N/Athen the source context will be the context of the connection and the target
15985N/Acontext will be "foo_t" - see the short discussion of SELinux below.
13931N/ANote, the context here is the target context when requesting a name, NOT the
13931N/Acontext of the connection owning the name.
13931N/AThere is currently no way to set a default for owning any name, if we add this
15985N/A <associate own="*" context="foo_t"/>
13931N/AIf you find a reason this is useful, let the developers know. Right now the
13931N/Adefault will be the security context of the bus itself.
13931N/AIf two <associate> elements specify the same name, the element appearing
13931N/Alater in the configuration file will be used.
13931N/ASELinux is not supported on Solaris. It is used with the systemwide bus
13931N/A<
variablelist termlength="xtranarrow">
13931N/AEvery subject (process) and object (
e.g. file, socket, IPC object, etc) in the
13931N/Asystem is assigned a collection of security attributes, known as a security
13931N/Acontext. A security context contains all of the security attributes associated
13931N/Awith a particular subject or object that are relevant to the security policy.
13931N/AIn order to better encapsulate security contexts and to provide greater
13931N/Aefficiency, the policy enforcement code of SELinux typically handles security
13931N/Aidentifiers (SIDs) rather than security contexts. A SID is an integer that is
13931N/Amapped by the security server to a security context at runtime.
13931N/AWhen a security decision is required, the policy enforcement code passes a pair
13931N/Aof SIDs (typically the SID of a subject and the SID of an object, but sometimes
13931N/Aa pair of subject SIDs or a pair of object SIDs), and an object security class
13931N/Ato the security server. The object security class indicates the kind of object,
13931N/Ae.g. a process, a regular file, a directory, a TCP socket, etc.
13931N/AAccess decisions specify whether or not a permission is granted for a given
13931N/Apair of SIDs and class. Each object class has a set of associated permissions
13931N/Adefined to control operations on objects with that class.
13931N/AD\-Bus performs SELinux security checks in two places.
13931N/AFirst, any time a message is routed from one connection to another connection,
13931N/Athe bus daemon will check permissions with the security context of the first
13931N/Aconnection as source, security context of the second connection as target,
15985N/Aobject class "dbus" and requested permission "send_msg".
13931N/AIf a security context is not available for a connection (impossible when using
13931N/AUNIX domain sockets), then the target context used is the context of the bus
13931N/Adaemon itself. There is currently no way to change this default, because we
13931N/Aare assuming that only UNIX domain sockets will be used to connect to the
15985N/Asystemwide bus. If this changes, we will probably add a way to set the default
13931N/ASecond, any time a connection asks to own a name, the bus daemon will check
13931N/Apermissions with the security context of the connection as source, the security
13931N/Acontext specified for the name in the config file as target, object class
15985N/A"dbus" and requested permission "acquire_svc".
13931N/AThe security context for a bus name is specified with the <associate>
13931N/Aelement described earlier in this document. If a name has no security context
13931N/Aassociated in the configuration file, the security context of the bus daemon
13931N/AIf you are trying to figure out where your messages are going or why you are
13931N/Anot getting messages, there are several things you can try.
13931N/ARemember that the system bus is heavily locked down and if you have not
15985N/Ainstalled a security policy file to allow your message through, it will not
15985N/Awork. For the session bus, this is not a concern.
15985N/AThe simplest way to figure out what is happening on the bus is to run the
13931N/A<
command>dbus-monitor</
command> program, which comes with the D\-Bus package.
13931N/AYou can also send test messages with <
command>dbus-send</
command>. These
13931N/Aprograms have their own man pages.
13931N/AIf you want to know what the daemon itself is doing, you might consider running
13931N/Aa separate copy of the daemon to test against. This will allow you to put the
13931N/Adaemon under a debugger, or run it with verbose output, without messing up your
13931N/Areal session and system daemons.
15985N/ATo run a separate test copy of the daemon, for example, you might open a
13931N/A DBUS_VERBOSE=1 &cmd; --session --print-address
13931N/AThe test daemon address will be printed when the daemon starts. You will need
13931N/Ato copy-and-paste this address and use it as the value of the
13931N/ADBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS environment variable when you launch the applications
13931N/Ayou want to test. This will cause those applications to connect to your test
13931N/Abus instead of the DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS of your real session bus.
13931N/ADBUS_VERBOSE=1 will have NO EFFECT unless your copy of D\-Bus was compiled with
13931N/Averbose mode enabled. This is not recommended in production builds due to
13931N/Aperformance impact. You may need to rebuild D\-Bus if your copy was not built
13931N/Awith debugging in mind. (DBUS_VERBOSE also affects the D\-Bus library and thus
13931N/Aapplications using D\-Bus; it may be useful to see verbose output on both the
13931N/Aclient side and from the daemon.)
13931N/AIf you want to get fancy, you can create a custom bus configuration for your
13931N/Aconfigurations for example). This would allow you to specify a different
13931N/Adirectory for <
filename>.service</
filename> files, for example.
13931N/A<
refsect1 id="dbus-daemon-1-exam"><
title>&exam-tt;</
title>
13931N/A<
para><
screen>example% <
userinput>&cmd; </
userinput></
screen></
para>
13931N/A<
refsect1 id="dbus-daemon-1-envr"><
title>&envr-tt;</
title>
13931N/A<
citerefentry><
refentrytitle>environ</
refentrytitle><
manvolnum>5</
manvolnum></
ci 13931N/Afor descriptions of the following environment variables:
13931N/A<
variablelist termlength="wholeline">
13931N/A<
term>DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS</
term>
13931N/AThe address of the login session message bus. If this variable is not set,
13931N/Aapplications may also try to read the address from the X Window System root
13931N/Awindow property _DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS. The root window property
13931N/Amust have type STRING. The environment variable should have precedence over the
13931N/ASet DBUS_VERSION=1 to enable debugging, if D\-Bus was compiled with verbose
13931N/A<
refsect1 id="dbus-daemon-1-exit"><
title>&exit-tt;</
title>
13931N/A<
para>The following exit values are returned:</
para>
13931N/A<
variablelist termlength="xtranarrow">
13931N/A<
term><
returnvalue>0</
returnvalue></
term>
13931N/A<
term><
returnvalue>>0</
returnvalue></
term>
13931N/A<
refsect1 id="dbus-daemon-1-file"><
title>&file-tt;</
title>
13931N/A<
para>The following files are used by this application:</
para>
13931N/A<
variablelist termlength="wholeline">
15985N/AExecutable for <
command>&cmd;</
command>
13931N/ADirectory containing standard D\-Bus session services.
13931N/ADirectory containing standard D\-Bus systemwide services.
13931N/AConfiguration file for D\-Bus session services.
13931N/AConfiguration file for D\-Bus system services.
13931N/A<
refsect1 id="dbus-daemon-1-attr"><
title>&attr-tt;</
title>
13931N/A<
para>See <
olink targetdocent="REFMAN5" localinfo="attributes-5"><
citerefentry>
13931N/A<
refentrytitle>attributes</
refentrytitle><
manvolnum>5</
manvolnum></
citerefentry></
olink>
13931N/Afor descriptions of the following attributes:</
para>
13931N/A<
tgroup cols="2" colsep="1" rowsep="1"><
colspec colname="COLSPEC0" colwidth="1*">
13931N/A<
colspec colname="COLSPEC1" colwidth="1*">
13931N/A<
row><
entry align="center" valign="middle">ATTRIBUTE TYPE</
entry><
entry align="center" 13931N/Avalign="middle">ATTRIBUTE VALUE</
entry></
row>
13931N/A</
entry></
row><
row><
entry colname="COLSPEC0">
13931N/A<
para>Interface stability</
para>
13931N/A</
entry><
entry colname="COLSPEC1">
13931N/A<
refsect1 id="dbus-daemon-1-also"><
title>&also-tt;</
title>
13931N/A<!--Reference to another man page--> 13931N/A<!--Reference to a Help manual--> 13931N/A<
citerefentry><
refentrytitle>dbus-cleanup-sockets</
refentrytitle><
manvolnum>1</
manvolnum></
citerefentry>,
13931N/A<
citerefentry><
refentrytitle>dbus-launch</
refentrytitle><
manvolnum>1</
manvolnum></
citerefentry>,
13931N/A<
citerefentry><
refentrytitle>dbus-monitor</
refentrytitle><
manvolnum>1</
manvolnum></
citerefentry>,
13931N/A<
citerefentry><
refentrytitle>dbus-send</
refentrytitle><
manvolnum>1</
manvolnum></
citerefentry>,
13931N/A<
citerefentry><
refentrytitle>dbus-uuidgen</
refentrytitle><
manvolnum>1</
manvolnum></
citerefentry>,
13931N/A<
citerefentry><
refentrytitle>libdbus-glib-1</
refentrytitle><
manvolnum>3</
manvolnum></
citerefentry>,
13931N/A<
citerefentry><
refentrytitle>attributes</
refentrytitle><
manvolnum>5</
manvolnum></
citerefentry>,
13931N/A<
citerefentry><
refentrytitle>environ</
refentrytitle><
manvolnum>5</
manvolnum></
citerefentry>
13931N/A<
refsect1 id="dbus-daemon-1-note"><
title>¬e-tt;</
title>
13931N/AFor authorship information refer to
13931N/AUpdated by Brian Cameron, Sun Microsystems Inc., 2007.
13931N/APlease send bug reports to the D\-Bus mailing list or bug