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c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk.TH idlj 1 "04 May 2009"
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk." Generated from HTML by html2man (author: Eric Armstrong)
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkidlj \- The IDL\-to\-Java Compiler
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f3idlj\fP generates Java bindings from a given IDL file.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk.SH "Synopsis"
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkidlj [ \fP\f3options\fP\f3 ] \fP\f4idl\-file\fP\f3
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkwhere \f2idl\-file\fP is the name of a file containing Interface Definition Language (IDL) definitions. \f2Options\fP may appear in any order, but must precede the \f2idl\-file\fP.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk.SH "Description"
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkThe IDL\-to\-Java Compiler generates the Java bindings for a given IDL file.\ For binding details, see the
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2OMG IDL to Java Language Language Mapping Specification\fP @
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkhttp://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/idl/mapping/jidlMapping.html. Some previous releases of the IDL\-to\-Java compiler were named \f2idltojava\fP.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkEmitting Client and Server Bindings
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkTo generate Java bindings for an IDL file named My.idl: \f2idlj My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkThis generates the client\-side bindings and is equivalent to: \f2idlj \fP\f4\-fclient\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkThe client\-side bindings do not include the server\-side skeleton. If you want to generate the server\-side bindings for the interfaces: \f2idlj \fP\f4\-fserver\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkServer\-side bindings include the client\-side bindings plus the skeleton, all of which are \f2POA\fP (that is, Inheritance Model) classes. If you want to generate both client and server\-side bindings, use one of the following (equivalent) commands: \f2idlj \fP\f4\-fclient \-fserver\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2idlj \fP\f4\-fall\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkThere are two possible server\-side models: the Inheritance Model and the Tie Delegation Model.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkThe default server\-side model is the \f2Portable Servant Inheritance Model\fP. Given an interface \f2My\fP defined in \f2My.idl\fP, the file \f2MyPOA.java\fP is generated. You must provide the implementation for \f2My\fP and it must inherit from \f2MyPOA\fP.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2MyPOA.java\fP is a stream\-based skeleton that extends
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkhttp://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/org/omg/PortableServer/Servant.html and implements the \f2InvokeHandler\fP interface and the operations interface associated with the IDL interface the skeleton implements.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkThe \f2PortableServer\fP module for the
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2Portable Object Adapter (POA)\fP @
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkhttp://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/idl/POA.html defines the native \f2Servant\fP type. In the Java programming language, the \f2Servant\fP type is mapped to the Java \f2org.omg.PortableServer.Servant\fP class. It serves as the base class for all POA servant implementations and provides a number of methods that may be invoked by the application programmer, as well as methods which are invoked by the POA itself and may be overridden by the user to control aspects of servant behavior.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkAnother option for the Inheritance Model is to use the \f2\-oldImplBase\fP flag in order to generate server\-side bindings that are compatible with versions of the Java programming language prior to J2SE 1.4. Note that using the \f2\-oldImplBase\fP flag is non\-standard: these APIs are being deprecated. You would use this flag ONLY for compatibility with existing servers written in J2SE 1.3. In that case, you would need to modify an existing MAKEFILE to add the \f2\-oldImplBase\fP flag to the \f2idlj\fP compiler, otherwise POA\-based server\-side mappings will be generated. To generate server\-side bindings that are backwards compatible:
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2idlj \fP\f4\-fclient \-fserver\fP\f2 \fP\f4\-oldImplBase\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2idlj \fP\f4\-fall\fP\f2 \fP\f4\-oldImplBase\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkGiven an interface \f2My\fP defined in \f2My.idl\fP, the file \f2_MyImplBase.java\fP is generated. You must provide the implementation for \f2My\fP and it must inherit from \f2_MyImplBase\fP.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkThe other server\-side model is called the Tie Model. This is a delegation model. Because it is not possible to generate ties and skeletons at the same time, they must be generated separately. The following commands generate the bindings for the Tie Model:
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2idlj \fP\f4\-fall\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2idlj \fP\f4\-fallTIE\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkFor the interface \f2My\fP, the second command generates \f2MyPOATie.java\fP. The constructor to \f2MyPOATie\fP takes a \f2delegate\fP. In this example, using the default POA model, the constructor also needs a \f2poa\fP. You must provide the implementation for \f2delegate\fP, but it does not have to inherit from any other class, only the interface \f2MyOperations\fP. But to use it with the ORB, you must wrap your implementation within \f2MyPOATie\fP. For instance:
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk ORB orb = ORB.init(args, System.getProperties());
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk // Get reference to rootpoa & activate the POAManager
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk POA rootpoa = (POA)orb.resolve_initial_references("RootPOA");
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk // create servant and register it with the ORB
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk MyServant myDelegate = new MyServant();
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk // create a tie, with servant being the delegate.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk MyPOATie tie = new MyPOATie(myDelegate, rootpoa);
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk // obtain the objectRef for the tie
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk My ref = tie._this(orb);
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkYou might want to use the Tie model instead of the typical Inheritance model if your implementation must inherit from some other implementation. Java allows any number of interface inheritance, but there is only one slot for class inheritance. If you use the inheritance model, that slot is used up . By using the Tie Model, that slot is freed up for your own use. The drawback is that it introduces a level of indirection: one extra method call occurs when invoking a method.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkTo generate server\-side, Tie model bindings that are compatible with versions of the IDL to Java language mapping in versions prior to J2SE 1.4.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2idlj \fP\f4\-oldImplBase\fP\f2 \fP\f4\-fall\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2idlj \fP\f4\-oldImplBase\fP\f2 \fP\f4\-fallTIE\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkFor the interface \f2My\fP, this will generate \f2My_Tie.java\fP. The constructor to \f2My_Tie\fP takes a \f2impl\fP. You must provide the implementation for \f2impl\fP, but it does not have to inherit from any other class, only the interface \f2HelloOperations\fP. But to use it with the ORB, you must wrap your implementation within \f2My_Tie\fP. For instance:
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk ORB orb = ORB.init(args, System.getProperties());
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk // create servant and register it with the ORB
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk MyServant myDelegate = new MyServant();
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk // create a tie, with servant being the delegate.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk MyPOATie tie = new MyPOATie(myDelegate);
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk // obtain the objectRef for the tie
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk My ref = tie._this(orb);
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkSpecifying Alternate Locations for Emitted Files
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkIf you want to direct the emitted files to a directory other than the current directory, invoke the compiler as:
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2idlj \fP\f4\-td /altdir\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkFor the interface \f2My\fP, the bindings will be emitted to \f2/altdir/My.java\fP, etc., instead of \f2./My.java\fP.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkSpecifying Alternate Locations for Include Files
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkIf \f2My.idl\fP included another idl file, \f2MyOther.idl\fP, the compiler assumes that \f2MyOther.idl\fP resides in the local directory. If it resides in \f2/includes\fP, for example, then you would invoke the compiler with the following command: \f2idlj \fP\f4\-i /includes\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkIf \f2My.idl\fP also included \f2Another.idl\fP that resided in \f2/moreIncludes\fP, for example, then you would invoke the compiler with the following command: \f2idlj \fP\f4\-i /includes \-i /moreIncludes\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkSince this form of include can become irritatingly long, another means of indicating to the compiler where to search for included files is provided. This technique is similar to the idea of an environment variable. Create a file named \f2idl.config\fP in a directory that is listed in your CLASSPATH. Inside of \f2idl.config\fP, provide a line with the following form: \f2includes=/includes;/moreIncludes\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkThe compiler will find this file and read in the includes list. Note that in this example the separator character between the two directories is a semicolon (;). This separator character is platform dependent. On the Windows platform, use a semicolon, on the Unix platform, use a colon, etc. For more information on \f2includes\fP, see the
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2Setting the Classpath\fP @
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkhttp://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/tools/index.html#general.
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkEmitting Bindings for Include Files
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenkBy default, only those interfaces, structs, etc, that are defined in the idl file on the command line have Java bindings generated for them. The types defined in included files are not generated. For example, assume the following two idl files: \f4My.idl\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2#include <MyOther.idl>\fP
c1350cf5bc50458ba79cc93ff9e0e5fe3f1aeeb0jeff.schenk\f2interface My\fP
\f4MyOther.idl\fP
The following command will only generate the java bindings for \f2My\fP: \f2idlj My.idl\fP
To generate all of the types in \f2My.idl\fP and all of the types in the files that \f2My.idl\fP includes (in this example, \f2MyOther.idl\fP), use the following command: \f2idlj \fP\f4\-emitAll\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
There is a caveat to the default rule. \f2#include\fP statements which appear at global scope are treated as described. These \f2#include\fP statements can be thought of as import statements. \f2#include\fP statements which appear within some enclosing scope are treated as true \f2#include\fP statements, meaning that the code within the included file is treated as if it appeared in the original file and, therefore, Java bindings are emitted for it. Here is an example: \f4My.idl\fP
\f2#include <MyOther.idl>\fP
\f2\ #include <Embedded.idl>\fP
\f2};\ \fP \f4MyOther.idl\fP
\f2};\ \fP \f4Embedded.idl\fP
Running the following command: \f2idlj My.idl\fP
will generate the following list of Java files: \f2./MyHolder.java\fP
\f2./_MyStub.java\fP
\f2./MyPackage\fP
\f2./My.java\fP
Notice that \f2MyOther.java\fP was not generated because it is defined in an import\-like \f2#include\fP. But \f2E.java\fP \f2was\fP generated because it was defined in a true \f2#include\fP. Also notice that since \f2Embedded.idl\fP was included within the scope of the interface \f2My\fP, it appears within the scope of \f2My\fP (that is,in \f2MyPackage\fP).
If the \f2\-emitAll\fP flag had been used in the previous example, then all types in all included files would be emitted.
\f4Widgets.idl\fP
Running this file through the IDL\-to\-Java compiler will place the Java bindings for \f2W1\fP and \f2W2\fP within the package \f2Widgets\fP. But there is an industry convention that states that a company's packages should reside within a package named \f2com.<company name>\fP. The \f2Widgets\fP package is not good enough. To follow convention, it should be \f2com.abc.Widgets\fP. To place this package prefix onto the \f2Widgets\fP module, execute the following: \f2idlj \fP\f4\-pkgPrefix Widgets com.abc\fP\f2 Widgets.idl\fP
If you have an IDL file which includes \f2Widgets.idl\fP, the \f2\-pkgPrefix\fP flag must appear in that command also. If it does not, then your IDL file will be looking for a \f2Widgets\fP package rather than a \f2com.abc.Widgets\fP package.
If you have a number of these packages that require prefixes, it might be easier to place them into the \f2idl.config\fP file described above. Each package prefix line should be of the form:
You may need to define a symbol for compilation that is not defined within the IDL file, perhaps to include debugging code in the bindings. The command \f2idlj \fP\f4\-d\fP\f2 MYDEF My.idl\fP
is the equivalent of putting the line \f2#define MYDEF\fP inside \f2My.idl\fP.
If the Java binding files already exist, the \f2\-keep\fP flag will keep the compiler from overwriting them. The default is to generate all files without considering if they already exist. If you've customized those files (which you should not do unless you are very comfortable with their contents), then the \f2\-keep\fP option is very useful. The command \f2idlj \fP\f4\-keep\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
The IDL\-to\-Java compiler will generate status messages as it progresses through its phases of execution. Use the \f2\-v\fP option to activate this "verbose" mode: \f2idlj \fP\f4\-v\fP\f2 My.idl\fP
To display the build version of the IDL\-to\-Java compiler, specify the \f2\-version\fP option on the command\-line:
Version information also appears within the bindings generated by the compiler. Any additional options appearing on the command\-line are ignored.
Defines what bindings to emit. \f2side\fP is one of \f2client\fP, \f2server\fP, \f2serverTIE\fP, \f2all\fP, or \f2allTIE\fP. The \f2\-fserverTIE\fP and \f2\-fallTIE\fP options cause delegate model skeletons to be emitted. Assumes \f2\-fclient\fP if the flag is not specified.
By default, the current directory is scanned for included files. This option adds another directory.
Generates skeletons compatible with pre\-1.4 JDK ORBs. By default, the POA Inheritance Model server\-side bindings are generated. This option provides backward\-compatibility with older versions of the Java programming language by generating server\-side bindings that are \f2ImplBase\fP Inheritance Model classes.
Wherever \f2type\fP is encountered at file scope, prefix the generated Java package name with \f2prefix\fP for all files generated for that type. The \f2type\fP is the simple name of either a top\-level module, or an IDL type defined outside of any module.
Whenever the module name \f2type\fP is encountered in an identifier, replace it in the identifier with \f2package\fP for all files in the generated Java package. Note that \f2pkgPrefix\fP changes are made first. \f2type\fP is the simple name of either a top\-level module, or an IDL type defined outside of any module, and must match the full package name exactly.
If more than one translation matches an identifier, the longest match is chosen. For example, if the arguments include:
Any attempt to translate these packages will result in uncompilable code, and the use of these packages as the first argument after \f2\-pkgTranslate\fP will be treated as an error.
_%ImplBase for the \f2oldImplBase\fP class (\f2\-oldImplBase\fP and (\f2\-fserver\fP or \f2\-fall\fP))
%_Tie for the \f2oldImplBase\fP tie class (\f2\-oldImplBase\fP and (\f2\-fserverTie\fP or \f2\-fallTie\fP))
Escaped identifiers in the global scope may not have the same spelling as IDL primitive types, \f2Object\fP, or \f2ValueBase\fP. This is because the symbol table is pre\-loaded with these identifiers; allowing them to be redefined would overwrite their original definitions. (Possible permanent restriction).