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<tspan id="tspan1668" style="letter-spacing:2.1813099;" dx="0 -0.57057059 0 0 0 0 0" fill="#ffffff">::TRUCS ET ASTUCES</tspan>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Ce didacticiel est là pour vous montrer divers trucs et astuces trouvés par des utilisateurs au cours de leur utilisation d'Inkscape, ainsi que quelques fonctionalités cachées qui peuvent vous aider à accélérer votre production.</flowDiv>

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<tspan y="100.456248" x="10">Disposition radiale grâce au pavage de clones</tspan>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Il est facile de comprendre comment se servir de la boîte de dialogue <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Paver avec des clones</flowSpan> pour créer des motifs ou des grilles rectangulaires. Mais que faire si vous voulez un placement <flowSpan font-style="italic">radial</flowSpan>, où les objets partagent un même centre de rotation ? C'est possible aussi !</flowDiv>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Si votre motif radial ne doit comporter que 3, 4, 6, 8, ou 12 éléments, vous pouvez alors essayer les symétries P3, P31M, P3M1, P4, P4M, P6, ou P6M. Celles-ci offrent de bons résultats pour obtenir des flocons ou des formes similaires. Voici une méthode plus générale :</flowDiv>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Choisissez la symétrie P1 (translation) puis <flowSpan font-style="italic">compensez</flowSpan> cette translation en allant dans l'onglet <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Translation</flowSpan> et définissez <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Par ligne/Translation Y</flowSpan> et <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Parr colonne/Translation X</flowSpan> à -100%. Les clones seront alors empilés juste au-dessus de l'original. Tout ce qu'il reste à faire est d'aller dans l'onglet <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Rotation</flowSpan> et définir un angle par colonne, puis créer le motif avec une ligne et plusieurs colonnes. Par exemple, voici un motif fait d'une ligne horizontale et de 30 colonnes, chacune de ces colonnes étant tournée de 6 degrés :</flowDiv>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Pour en faire un cadran, il suffit de découper ce motif ou recouvrir sa partie par un disque blanc (pour effectuer des opérations booléennes sur des clones, déliez-les d'abord)</flowDiv>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Des effets plus intéressants peuvent créés en utilisant à la fois les lignes et les colonnes. Voici un motif de 10 colonnes et 8 lignes, avec une rotation de 2 degrés par lignes et 18 par colonne. Chaque groupe de segments ici est "une colonne", donc les groupes sont séparés entre eux de 18 degrés; en sein de chaque "colonne", les segments sont séparés de 2 degrés :</flowDiv>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Dans les exemples ci-dessus, le segment a été tourné autour de son centre. Et au cas où vous voudriez que le centre soit en-dehors de votre forme ? Il suffit de créer un rectangle invisible (sans remplissage ni contour) recouvrant votre forme et dont le centre est à l'emplacement désiré; groupez la forme et le rectangle puis utilisez <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Paver avec des clones</flowSpan> sur ce groupe. Vous pouvez maintenant créer des belles "explosions" ou "éclaboussures" en rendant aléatoire le redimensionnement, la rotation ou l'opacité :</flowDiv>

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<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="998.233113" x="10" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">

<tspan y="998.233113" x="10">Trancher plusieurs zones d'export rectangulaires</tspan>

</text>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e97"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Créez un nouveau calque, et dans ce calque, créez des rectangles invisibles recouvrant des parties de votre image. Assurez-vous que votre document adopte le px (défini par défaut) comme unité, affichez la grille et faites coller les rectangles à cette grille de sorte que chacun d'entre-eux comporte un nombre entier de px. Assignez des ids significatifs aux rectangles, et exportez chacun d'entre-eux dans un fichier différent (chacun des rectangles se "souviendra" ainsi de son nom de fichier d'export). Après cela, il est facile de réexporter certains de ces rectangles : passez dans le calque d'export, utilisez Tab pour sélectionner celui dont vous avez besoin (ou utilisez une Recherche par id), et enfin cliquez sur Exporter dans la boîte de dialogue Exporter en bitmap. Vous pouvez aussi écrire un script shell (ou un fichier batch) pour exporter ces zones avec une commande telle que :</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e100"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">inkscape -i area-id -t filename.svg

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e103"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">pour chaque zone. L'option -t rappelle à Inkscape d'utiliser le nomdefichier enregistré avec la zone; sinon vous pouvez fournir un autre nom pour l'export avec l'option -e. Une autre possibilité est d'utiliser l'outil <flowSpan font-weight="bold" font-family="sans serif">svgslice</flowSpan> permettant d'automatiser l'export depuis des documents SVG Inkscape, en utilisant au choix des guides ou un calque de découpage.</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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<tspan y="1261.8390617999999" x="10">Dégradés non-linéaires</tspan>

</text>

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<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e115"/>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">La version 1.1 du SVG ne supporte pas les dégradés non-linéaires (c'est à dire ayant des transitions non linéaires entre les couleurs). Vous pouvez cependant les émuler grâce à des dégradés <flowSpan font-style="italic">multi-stops</flowSpan>.</flowDiv>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e121"/>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Commencez par créer un dégradé avec deux stops, et ouvrez l'éditeur de dégradés (par exemple, en double-cliquant sur une poignée du dégradé dans l'outil dégradé). Ajoutez un nouveau stop au milieu du dégradé, et déplacez-le légèrement. Puis, ajoutez d'autres stops de part et d'autre celui du milieu et déplacez-les aussi de sorte que le dégradé soit régulier. Plus vous ajoutez de stops, plus vous pouvez rendre le dégradé résultant régulier. Voici le dégradé initial avec deux stops (noir et blanc) :</flowDiv>

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<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e134"/>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Et voici quelques dégradés multi-stops non-linéaires (examinez-les dans l'éditeur de dégradés) :</flowDiv>

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<tspan y="1625.2986817999997" x="10">Dégradés radiaux excentriques</tspan>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Les dégradés radiaux ne sont pas nécessairement symétriques. Dans l'outil dégradés, déplacez la poignée centrale d'un dégradé elliptique tout en appuyant sur <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Maj</flowSpan>. Cela vous permettra de déplacer la <flowSpan font-style="italic">poignée du foyer</flowSpan> (en forme de "x") du dégradé et de la séparer du centre. Si vous n'en avez plus besoin, vous pouvez redéplacer la poignée de foyer près du centre.</flowDiv>

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<tspan y="1803.9986337999997" x="10">Alignement au centre de la page</tspan>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Pour aligner quelquechose au centre ou le long d'un côté de la page, sélectionnez l'objet ou le groupe à aligner puis ouvrez la boîte de dialogue Aligner et distribuer (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+Shift+A</flowSpan>). Vous pouvez alors choisir la <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">page</flowSpan> dans la liste <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">relativement à</flowSpan> et enfin aligner votre sélection comme vous le désirez.</flowDiv>

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<tspan y="1881.0900647999997" x="10">Nettoyage du document</tspan>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Quand ils ne sont plus utilisés, beaucoup de dégradés, motifs et marqueurs (plus précisément, ceux que vous avez édité manuellement) restent dans les palettes correspondantes et peuvent être utilisés dans de nouveaux objets. Cependant, si vous voulez optimiser votre document, utilisez la commande <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Nettoyer les Defs</flowSpan> du menu Fichier. Elle supprimera tout dégradé, motif ou marqueur qui n'est plus utilisé par aucun objet du document, réduisant ainsi la taille du fichier.</flowDiv>

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<tspan y="1990.0817867999997" x="10">Massicotter ou masquer un bitmap</tspan>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">By default, an imported bitmap (e.g. a photo) is an image element which is not

editable by the Node tool. To work around this, convert the image into a rectangle with

pattern fill by <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Object to Pattern</flowSpan> (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Alt+I</flowSpan>). This will

give you a rectangle <flowSpan font-style="italic">filled</flowSpan> with your bitmap. Now this object can

be converted to path, node-edited, intersected with other shapes etc. In

<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Inkscape Preferences</flowSpan> (<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Misc</flowSpan> tab), you can set the

option of always importing bitmaps as pattern-filled rectangles.

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<tspan y="2089.8166808" x="10">Fonctionnalités cachées et éditeur XML</tspan>

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