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bulia byak, buliabyak@users.sf.net and josh andler, scislac@users.sf.net
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<flowDiv
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<flowDiv
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id="flowDiv140">注意 Inkscape 有自己專屬的內部剪貼簿；除了用文字工具複製/貼上文字外並不使用系統的剪貼簿。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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transform="translate(0,-88)">
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<use
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width="320"
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv193">用筆工具每次點擊會建立一個無任何曲線控制柄的尖銳節點，所以一連串點擊會產生一條直線線段的串連。點擊並拖曳會建立一個帶有兩個對立於同一直線上的控制點的平滑貝茲曲線節點。當拖住一個控制點時按 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3291">Shift</flowSpan> 可只旋轉單個控制點並固定另一個。<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3289">Ctrl</flowSpan> 像往常一樣可限制目前線段或貝茲曲線控制點方位的增加量為 15 度。按 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3285">Enter</flowSpan> 以完成並結束此直線，按 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3287">Esc</flowSpan> 可取消它。按 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3283">Backspace</flowSpan> 可只取消未完成直線的最後線段。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv216">不論用手繪或貝茲曲線工具，目前選取的路徑於兩側端點會顯示方形的小錨點。這些錨點讓你可繼續這個路徑 (從其中一個錨點開始繪製) 或關閉它 (從其中一個錨點繪製到另一個)，而不是建立一個新的路徑。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
<text
style="font-size:8.5px;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
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y="752.26727"
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<tspan
x="10"
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style="font-weight:normal;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Sans">編輯路徑</tspan>
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv235">用形狀工具建立不同的形狀，筆和鉛筆工具建立的東西稱為路徑。路徑是直線線段和(或)貝茲曲線的串連，像任何其他 Inkscape 物件一樣會有任意填色和邊框屬性。但是不同的形狀、路徑可以藉由任意拖動它的節點 (不僅預定義的控制點) 或直接拖動路徑的線段來編輯。選取這個路徑並切換為節點工具 (<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3293">F2</flowSpan>)：</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv249">你會看到路徑上有許多灰色方形節點。這些節點可以藉由點擊來選取，<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3299">Shift+</flowSpan>點擊 或用拖曳一個選取框 — 就像是用選取工具選擇物件一樣。你也可以點擊路徑線段自動選取相鄰的節點。選取的節點會變明亮並且顯示它們的節點控制柄 — 一個或兩個小圓形由直線連接各個選取的節點。<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3297">! </flowSpan>按鍵可反轉目前子路徑上的節點選取(即最後一個選取的節點上的子路徑)；<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3295">Alt+!</flowSpan> 可反轉整個路徑。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv274">路徑可藉由拖曳它們的節點、節點控制柄或直接拖動路徑線段進行編輯。(試著拖動上面路徑的一些節點、控制柄和路徑線段。) <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3313">Ctrl</flowSpan> 的作用與往常一樣可限制移動量和旋轉量。方向鍵、<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3301">Tab</flowSpan>、<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3303">[ </flowSpan>、<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3305">] </flowSpan>、<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3307">< </flowSpan>、<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3309">></flowSpan> 按鍵的全部作用都與在選取器時一樣，但套用到節點而不是物件。你可以藉由點擊兩次或 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3311">Ctrl+Alt+</flowSpan>點擊 想要的位置於路徑上任何地方增加節點。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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<flowRoot
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<flowRegion
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<use
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv301">你可以用 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3317">Del</flowSpan> 或 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3315">Ctrl+Alt+</flowSpan>點擊 刪除節點。當刪除節點時會試著維持路徑的形狀，如果你渴望撤銷相鄰節點的控制柄，那麼可以用 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3319">Ctrl+Del</flowSpan> 刪除。另外，你可以再製 (<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3321">Shift+D</flowSpan>) 選取的節點。於選取數個節點上的路徑可以被拆開 (<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3323">Shift+B</flowSpan>)，或者如果你選取路徑上兩個端點節點，你可以合併它們 (<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3325">Shift+J</flowSpan>)。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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<flowRegion
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<use
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv322">節點可以變為尖角 (<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3327">Shift+C</flowSpan>)，這表示它的兩個控制柄彼此之間可於任何角度各自移動；平滑 (<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3329">Shift+S</flowSpan>) 表示它的控制點總保持在同一直線上 (共線)；而對稱 (<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3331">Shift+Y</flowSpan>) 同於平滑，但控制柄還具有相同的長度。當你切換節點的類型時，你可以將滑鼠停留在其中一個控制點上面使其維持原來的位置，所以只有另一個控制點會配合旋轉/縮放。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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<flowRoot
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transform="translate(0,-156)">
<flowRegion
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<use
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x="0"
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width="320"
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv343">同樣地你用 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3333">Ctrl+</flowSpan>點擊 節點的控制點可以撤銷它。如果相鄰的兩個節點已撤銷他們的控制點，節點之間的路徑線段會變成直線。從節點 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3335">Shift+</flowSpan>拖曳離開 可恢復已撤銷的節點。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
<text
style="font-size:8.5px;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
x="10"
y="1215.1677"
id="text351">
<tspan
x="10"
y="1215.1677"
id="tspan353"
style="font-weight:normal;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Sans">子路徑和合併</tspan>
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv362">一個路徑物件可能包含多個子路徑。子路徑是節點連接另一個節點的串連。(因此，如果路徑有多個子路徑，並不是所有的節點都連接在一起。) 下面左邊的三個路徑屬於單一複合路徑；於右邊相同的三個路徑是獨立的路徑物件：</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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d="M 216.95116,1285.0655 C 223.36816,1278.4442 234.57953,1283.7187 237.24127,1291.4918 C 239.50388,1298.0993 240.00723,1305.9893 246.38338,1310.4147 C 252.79497,1314.8648 263.49538,1315.7261 267.6298,1308.1594 C 271.16029,1301.6981 264.47383,1293.4196 257.36505,1295.7005"
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv377">注意那個複合路徑不同於群組。它是單一個物件，只是整個都可選取。如果你選取上面左邊的物件並切換為節點工具，你會看到節點顯示在全部三個子路徑上。在右邊的，你只能一次編輯一個路徑上的節點。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv386">Inkscape 可以合併數個路徑為一個複合路徑 (<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3337">Ctrl+K</flowSpan>) 和打散一個複合路徑變為分開的數個路徑 (<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3339">Shift+Ctrl+K</flowSpan>)。在上面的範例嘗試這些指令。由於一個物件只能有一種填色和邊框，一個新的複合路徑會使用合併前第一個(排列在最下層)物件的樣式。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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<use
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
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id="flowSpan3341">Shift+Ctrl+C</flowSpan>)。這個操作不會改變物件的外觀，但是會移除所有原本類型的特性 (例如你不再能圓角化矩形的邊角或編輯文字)；反而你現在可以編輯它的節點。下面有兩個星形 — 左邊的仍是形狀而右邊的是已經轉換成路徑。切換到節點工具並比較選取時它們的編輯特性：</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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xml:space="preserve"
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id="flowDiv502">這些指令的鍵盤快捷鍵是針對布林運算的類比算法 (相加是聯集、相減是差集...等)。相減和排除指令只能套用到兩個已選擇的物件；其他的可以一次處理多個物件。結果都是呈現下層物件的樣式。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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<flowDiv
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id="flowDiv538">Inkscape 不只可用縮放來擴張和收縮形狀，也可藉由偏移物件的路徑達成效果，即每個點以垂直於路徑方向移動。對應的指令名稱為內縮 (<flowSpan
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id="flowSpan3345">Ctrl+(</flowSpan>) 和外擴 (<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3343">Ctrl+)</flowSpan>)。下面陳列的是原始路徑 (紅色) 和一些由原路徑經過內縮或外擴的路徑：</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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id="flowDiv564">簡單的內縮和外擴指令產生這些路徑 (如果原物件不是路徑先將它轉成路徑)。通常動態偏移 (<flowSpan
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id="flowDiv654">除了平滑手繪的邊框以外，簡化還可用於各種藝術效果。通常形狀是死板的，而某些程度簡化幾何形狀的好處是可創作出很棒的生動外觀 — 柔化形狀的邊角而產生非常自然的扭曲，時而流行時尚時而簡樸有趣。下面有一個貼紙形狀的例子，經過簡化後使外觀變得很漂亮：</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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275.70746,3201.927 z M 243.66436,3200.7476 C 237.40554,3201.0327 244.44001,3213.4615 243.70479,3204.2611 C 243.68177,3203.0904 243.68518,3201.919 243.66436,3200.7476 z M 224.267,3186.602 C 222.97373,3191.2777 224.44536,3201.6262 225.79141,3191.4843 C 226.09919,3189.7472 225.75681,3187.7356 224.267,3186.602 z M 283.74506,3206.5352 C 280.65228,3200.1804 278.34084,3213.2835 283.58882,3207.8232 C 283.64088,3207.3938 283.74506,3206.5352 283.74506,3206.5352 z M 241.94963,3186.602 C 237.41862,3190.685 243.9073,3202.3267 242.24256,3191.6796 C 242.03325,3189.9971 241.82029,3188.3003 241.94963,3186.602 z M 294.35462,3187.5667 C 289.00642,3189.7294 296.42845,3201.5594 294.60195,3191.7228 C 294.45053,3190.3432 294.31529,3188.9566 294.35462,3187.5667 z M 275.38596,3187.5667 C 274.07091,3190.3929 275.61274,3201.1892 276.81194,3192.6225 C 277.17376,3190.8956 277.08742,3188.5863 275.38596,3187.5667 z M 290.71097,3205.4631 C 284.15001,3201.4322 289.79739,3214.5159 290.71097,3205.4631 z M 278.06514,3210.7147 C 274.68513,3213.9676 280.66418,3218.2144 278.06514,3210.7147 z M 260.3825,3174.4917 C 256.75668,3176.658 264.2188,3178.3659 260.3825,3174.4917 z"
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv680">Inkscape 可以製作長篇幅且複雜的文章。不過也可以極為方便地製作少許文字的物件，諸如標題、旗幟、標誌、圖表標籤和說明...等。這小節將介紹基本的 Inkscape 文字功能。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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<flowDiv
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style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3353">F8</flowSpan>) 一樣簡單。點擊文件中某個地方並輸入你要的文字。開啟文字和字型對話窗 (<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3355">Shift+Ctrl+T</flowSpan>) 可變更字型、樣式、大小和對齊。此對話窗也有文字輸入欄分頁，你可以在那裡編輯文字物件 - 在某些情形下它會比在畫布上編輯還方便 (尤其這個分頁支援拼字檢查功能)。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv702">像其他工具一樣，文字工具能選取擁有「文字物件」類型的物件，所以你可以點擊以選取和將游標放置在任何現有的文字物件上 (如本段落)。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv711">文字排版常見的操作之一就是調整字距和行距。正如往常，Inkscape 提供了這個功能的鍵盤快捷鍵組合。當你正在編輯文字，<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3357">Alt+<</flowSpan> 和 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3359">Alt+></flowSpan> 可改變文字物件中目前這行的字距，所以會以目前畫面的 1 像素為單位改變總長度 (選取工具中以同樣按鍵做像素大小的縮放)。一般來說，如果文字物件裡的字型大小大於預設的，它會適當地壓縮字母使其比預設的緊密一點。下面有一個範例：</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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sodipodi:linespacing="110%"
y="3465.0623"
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style="font-size:5.57619715px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:110.00000238%;writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;stroke-width:3pt;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;font-family:Bitstream Vera Serif"
xml:space="preserve"><tspan
role="line"
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<text
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sodipodi:linespacing="110%"
y="3514.6699"
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style="font-size:5.57619715px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:110.00000238%;writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;stroke-width:3pt;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;font-family:Bitstream Vera Serif"
xml:space="preserve"><tspan
role="line"
y="3514.6699"
x="126.16958">減少字母間距</tspan></text>
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv734">作為標題時緊縮變化會看起來較好一點，但仍然不完美：字母間的距離會不一致，例如「a」和「t」離太遠而「t」和「i」又靠太近。這麼糟糕的字母縮排(在字型大時特別明顯)使用品質差的字型會比用品質好的字型還嚴重；儘管如此，在任何文字段落中使用任何字型，你可能會發現字距調整對於字母組合還是有好處的。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv743">Inkscape 要作這些調整非常地容易。只要將你的文字編輯游標移到需要調整的字元之間並使用 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3361">Alt+</flowSpan>方向鍵 來移動在游標右邊的字母。下面有一個相同的標題，這次手動調整看起來不一致的字母位置：</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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y="3679.46"
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style="font-size:5.57619715px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:110.00000238%;writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;stroke-width:3pt;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;font-family:Bitstream Vera Serif"
xml:space="preserve"><tspan
role="line"
y="3679.46"
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dx="0 0 -0.1418031 -0.42540932 -0.42540932 0.42540932 0.42540932 -0.87514824 1.1344248 -0.5672124 -0.5672124"
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv758">除了用 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3365">Alt+</flowSpan>左方向鍵 或 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3367">Alt+</flowSpan>右方向鍵 水平移動字母外，你也可以藉由 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3369">Alt+</flowSpan>上方向鍵 或 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3363">Alt+</flowSpan>下方向鍵 垂直移動字母：</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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style="font-size:33.59999847px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-stretch:normal;writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;stroke-width:1pt;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;font-family:Bitstream Vera Serif"
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style="letter-spacing:-1.24785197"
dx="0 -3.4339702 -1.746122 -1.4281086 -2.0297282 -1.981069 -3.9864676 -3.8832457 -1.2720536 -2.1715312 -1.5699117"
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<flowRoot
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<flowRegion
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv777">你當然可以將文字轉換成路徑 (<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3371">Shift+Ctrl+C</flowSpan>) 並當作一般路徑物件來搬動。可是保持為文字屬性會比較方便 — 仍可編輯，你可以嘗試不同的字型而不需要移除字母縮排和間距，而且儲存成檔案的佔用空間也較小。文字屬性的唯一缺點是開啟 SVG 文件的系統上必須有安裝原來的字型。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
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transform="translate(0,-456)">
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv788">如同字距，你也可以在多行的文字物件裡調整行距。在這個教學裡的某處試用 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3373">Ctrl+Alt+<</flowSpan> 和 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3375">Ctrl+Alt+></flowSpan> 按鍵來縮小或加寬行距，因此文字物件的整體高度會以畫面的 1 像素進行變化。跟在選取工具裡一樣，按著 <flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3377">Shift</flowSpan> 再按增減行距或縮排的快捷鍵會產生原來的 10 倍效果。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
<text
style="font-size:8.5px;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
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<tspan
x="10"
y="3932.4795"
id="tspan800"
style="font-weight:normal;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Sans">XML 編輯器</tspan>
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<flowRoot
style="font-size:8.39999962px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:133.00000429%;writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Serif"
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<flowDiv
xml:space="preserve"
id="flowDiv809">Inkscape 的終極強力工具是 XML 編輯器 (<flowSpan
style="font-weight:bold;-inkscape-font-specification:Bitstream Vera Serif Bold"
id="flowSpan3379">Shift+Ctrl+X</flowSpan>)。它會顯示文件的整個 XML 樹狀架構，隨時反映目前的狀態。你可以編輯圖畫並觀察 XML 樹狀架構中對應的變化。此外，你可以用 XML 編輯器編輯任何文字、元件或節點並在畫布上看到效果。這個是互動式學習 SVG 的最佳工具，而且它能夠讓你實現用其他普通編輯工具做不到的把戲。</flowDiv></flowRoot>
<text
style="font-size:8.5px;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Bitstream Vera Sans"
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<tspan
x="10"
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