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<path id="path670" sodipodi:rx="179.39815" sodipodi:ry="53.819443" sodipodi:type="arc" d="M606.48,567.71a179.4,53.819,0,1,1,-358.79,0,179.4,53.819,0,1,1,358.79,0z" fill-opacity="0.75000000" transform="matrix(3.198050e-2,0.000000,0.000000,0.109292,-3.903834,-56.18316)" sodipodi:cy="567.70831" sodipodi:cx="427.08334" fill="url(#radialGradient669)"/>

<path id="path665" sodipodi:rx="179.39815" sodipodi:ry="53.819443" sodipodi:type="arc" d="M606.48,567.71a179.4,53.819,0,1,1,-358.79,0,179.4,53.819,0,1,1,358.79,0z" fill-opacity="0.75000000" transform="matrix(3.198050e-2,0.000000,0.000000,0.109292,-6.614049,-53.47301)" sodipodi:cy="567.70831" sodipodi:cx="427.08334" fill="url(#radialGradient669)"/>

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<text id="text7519" opacity="0.5" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" line-height="125%" font-weight="normal" xml:space="preserve" transform="matrix(0,1,-1,0,0,0)" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-size="6.96932268px" font-variant="normal" y="-326.81229" x="3.6203015" font-family="Bitstream Vera Sans" sodipodi:linespacing="125%" fill="black"><tspan id="tspan7521" sodipodi:role="line" x="3.6203015" style="letter-spacing:0.29056421;" y="-326.81229">Use <tspan id="tspan7523" font-weight="bold">Ctrl+down arrow</tspan> to scroll </tspan></text>

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<text id="text1920" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-size="7.0000000" font-style="normal" transform="scale(1.130730,1.130730)" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" y="18.25828" x="176.24451" font-weight="normal" fill="#ffffff">

<tspan id="tspan1668" style="letter-spacing:2.1813099;" dx="0 -0.57057059 0 0 0 0 0" fill="#ffffff">::ADVANCED</tspan>

</text>

bulia byak, buliabyak@users.sf.net and josh andler, scislac@users.sf.net

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-size="7.2" line-height="150%" font-weight="normal" font-style="italic" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e15"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">This tutorial covers copy/paste, node editing, freehand and bezier

drawing, path manipulation, booleans, offsets, simplification, and text tool.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e18" display="none" height="1000px" width="264" y="69.172" x="35"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-size="7.2" line-height="150%" font-weight="normal" font-style="italic" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e18"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Use <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+arrows</flowSpan>, <flowSpan font-weight="bold">mouse wheel</flowSpan>, or <flowSpan font-weight="bold">middle button

drag</flowSpan> to scroll the page down. For basics of object creation, selection, and

transformation, see the Basic tutorial in <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Help &gt; Tutorials</flowSpan>.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="122.54023099999999" x="10" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">

<tspan y="122.54023099999999" x="10">Pasting techniques</tspan>

</text>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e39"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">After you copy some object(s) by <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+C</flowSpan> or cut by

<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+X</flowSpan>, the regular <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Paste</flowSpan> command

(<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+V</flowSpan>) pastes the copied object(s) right under the mouse cursor or,

if the cursor is outside the window, to the center of the document window. However, the

object(s) in the clipboard still remember the original place from which they were

copied, and you can paste back there by <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Paste in Place</flowSpan>

(<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+Alt+V</flowSpan>).

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e60"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Another command, <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Paste Style</flowSpan> (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+Ctrl+V</flowSpan>),

applies the style of the (first) object on the clipboard to the current selection. The

“style” thus pasted includes all the fill, stroke, and font settings, but not the shape,

size, or parameters specific to a shape type, such as the number of tips of a star.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e69"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Yet another set of paste commands, <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Paste Size</flowSpan>, scales the selection

to match the desired size attribute of the clipboard object(s). There are a number

of commands for pasting size and are as follows: Paste Size, Paste Width, Paste Height,

Paste Size Separately, Paste Width Separately, and Paste Height Separately.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e75" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="319.55" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e75"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve"><flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Paste Size</flowSpan> scales the whole selection to match the overall size of the clipboard

object(s). <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Paste Width</flowSpan>/<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Paste Height</flowSpan> scale the

whole selection horizontally/vertically

so that it matches the width/height of the clipboard object(s). These commands honor

the scale ratio lock on the Selector Tool controls bar (between W and H fields), so

that when that lock is pressed, the other dimension of the selected object is scaled

in the same proportion; otherwise the other dimension is unchanged. The commands

containing “Separately” work similarly to the above described commands, except that

they scale each selected object separately to make it match the size/width/height

of the clipboard object(s).

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e87"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Clipboard is system-wide - you can copy/paste objects between different Inkscape

instances as well as between Inkscape and other applications (which must be able to

handle SVG on the clipboard to use this).

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="505.852471" x="10" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">

<tspan y="505.852471" x="10">Drawing freehand and regular paths</tspan>

</text>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e96"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">The easiest way to create an arbitrary shape is to draw it using the

Pencil (freehand) tool (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">F6</flowSpan>):

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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<path id="advanced-f01-en.svgpath1350" stroke-linejoin="miter" style="marker-end:none;color:#000000;marker-start:none;stroke-dasharray:none;marker-mid:none;" d="M80.979,57.809c0.786,3.928-17.812,41.364-8.609,22.957,15.013-30.025,26.378-37.166,20.087,0.574-1.261,7.57,5.876,5.7,9.753,4.592" stroke-dashoffset="0.0000000" transform="translate(10, 547.036401) " stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-miterlimit="4.0000000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f01-en.svgpath1354" stroke-linejoin="miter" style="marker-end:none;color:#000000;marker-start:none;stroke-dasharray:none;marker-mid:none;" d="M146.47,49.915c0.86,1.283-3.06-0.383-4.59-0.574-6.77-0.847-15.45,12.452-4.59,16.07,18.47,6.156-6.95,13.097-13.2,14.348" stroke-dashoffset="0.0000000" transform="translate(10, 547.036401) " stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-miterlimit="4.0000000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f01-en.svgpath1358" stroke-linejoin="miter" style="marker-end:none;color:#000000;marker-start:none;stroke-dasharray:none;marker-mid:none;" d="M184.92,45.323c0.68-0.424-5.31,1.448-9.18,9.183-11.9,23.804,20.09,8.79,20.09-5.165,0-11.549-31.72,4.416-21.24,8.609" stroke-dashoffset="0.0000000" transform="translate(10, 547.036401) " stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-miterlimit="4.0000000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f01-en.svgpath1360" stroke-linejoin="miter" style="marker-end:none;color:#000000;marker-start:none;stroke-dasharray:none;marker-mid:none;" d="M195.25,47.619c0-1.031-3.28,11.218,1.73,21.235" stroke-dashoffset="0.0000000" transform="translate(10, 547.036401) " stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-miterlimit="4.0000000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f01-en.svgpath1372" stroke-linejoin="miter" style="marker-end:none;color:#000000;marker-start:none;stroke-dasharray:none;marker-mid:none;" d="M209.6,38.436c4.81,24.041-7.01,48.593-14.35,70.594-4.08,12.25-0.05-14.799,0.58-22.384,3.21-38.534,52.43-71.095,27.55-27.549-2.52,4.399-8.08,5.74-12.63,5.74" stroke-dashoffset="0.0000000" transform="translate(10, 547.036401) " stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-miterlimit="4.0000000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f01-en.svgpath2338" stroke-linejoin="miter" style="marker-end:none;color:#000000;marker-start:none;stroke-dasharray:none;marker-mid:none;" d="M125.36,10.791c0.45,0.68-16.45,58.367-18.22,65-6.23,23.357-13.253,15.48,2.86-12.143,7.99-13.704,20.38-26.489,12.5-2.857-3.64,10.922-12.32-1.972-8.57,9.285,2.13,6.396,3.58,10.662,10.71,9.643" sodipodi:nodetypes="cccccc" transform="translate(10, 547.036401) " stroke-dashoffset="0.0000000" stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-miterlimit="4.0000000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f01-en.svgpath2356" stroke-linejoin="miter" style="marker-end:none;color:#000000;marker-start:none;stroke-dasharray:none;marker-mid:none;" d="M168.93,48.291c-0.93,1.387-3.45-0.619-5,0-15.47,6.188-25.19,28.823-0.72,23.928,2.56-0.512,4.77-2.143,7.15-3.214" stroke-dashoffset="0.0000000" transform="translate(10, 547.036401) " stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-miterlimit="4.0000000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f01-en.svgpath2382" stroke-linejoin="miter" style="marker-end:none;color:#000000;marker-start:none;stroke-dasharray:none;marker-mid:none;" d="M230.71,51.862c-0.02,0.042,8.22-2.601,14.65-5.357,13.01-5.578,12.87-20.01-2.15-11.429-10.41,5.949-18.7,23.929-1.07,23.929,9.37,0,21.66-3.891,28.93-10.357" stroke-dashoffset="0.0000000" transform="translate(10, 547.036401) " stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-miterlimit="4.0000000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<rect id="d0e112" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="670.85" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e112"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">If you want more regular shapes, use the Pen (Bezier) tool (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+F6</flowSpan>):

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<path id="advanced-f02-en.svgpath1317" d="M28.569,8.4053h23.456s-12.689-18.802-12.689,2.0517c0,20.853,0.384,55.38,0.384,55.38h16.92s-47.49,14.529-31.148,0" transform="translate(10, 706.836072) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f02-en.svgpath1318" d="M71.857,37.319h-11.117s15.087,27.151,0,27.151" transform="translate(10, 706.836072) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f02-en.svgpath1320" d="M68.536,43.654c7.83-15.458,13-8.555,13-8.555v28.918h-5.854" transform="translate(10, 706.836072) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f02-en.svgpath1321" d="M83.172,29.942l9.301-14.321v48.849s-0.841-24.272,9.927-29.4c10.77-5.128,11.79,12.616,0.64,12.616s-7.563,0.033-7.563,0.033l18.653,16.58h-13.27" sodipodi:nodetypes="cccccccc" transform="translate(10, 706.836072) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f02-en.svgpath1322" d="M138.02,45.326s6.16-15.126,0-11.965c-6.16,3.16-21.15,17.264-19.42,17.264s19.86-1.855,18.65,0c-1.2,1.854-5.77,15.212-11.53,14.187-5.77-1.026-9.23-10.94-9.23-10.94" transform="translate(10, 706.836072) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f02-en.svgpath1323" d="M164.31,46.693c-7.8-12.013-18.46-12.648-18.46-12.648v20.511l12.31,10.939s9.61,3.077,9.61-8.204" transform="translate(10, 706.836072) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f02-en.svgpath1324" d="M161.48,33.515h25.41s-15.37,0.279-16,13.387,7.4,17.195,13.02,11.574c5.95-5.952,7.43-24.648,7.43-24.648v31.202" sodipodi:nodetypes="cccscc" transform="translate(10, 706.836072) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f02-en.svgpath1325" d="M197.87,73.397v-40.161h13.6c14.16,0,5.22,11.841-0.83,18.686-6.03,6.81-8.8,5.641-8.8-2.231" sodipodi:nodetypes="cccsc" transform="translate(10, 706.836072) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f02-en.svgpath1328" d="M219.33,44.95h37.64s-0.31-11.156-17.57-11.435c-17.25-0.279-15.68,17.849-15.68,23.427s5.02,15.897,17.88,15.897,15.37-13.666,15.37-20.08" transform="translate(10, 706.836072) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<rect id="d0e128" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="792.86" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e128"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">With the Pen tool, each <flowSpan font-weight="bold">click</flowSpan> creates a sharp node without any curve

handles, so a series of clicks produces a sequence of straight line segments.

<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Click and drag</flowSpan> creates a smooth Bezier node with two collinear opposite

handles. Press <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift</flowSpan> while dragging out a handle to rotate only one

handle and fix the other. As usual, <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl</flowSpan> limits the direction of either

the current line segment or the Bezier handles to 15 degree increments. Pressing

<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Enter</flowSpan> finalizes the line, <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Esc</flowSpan> cancels it. To cancel

only the last segment of an unfinished line, press <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Backspace</flowSpan>.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e152" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="895.84" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e152"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">In both freehand and bezier tools, the currently selected path displays small square

<flowSpan font-style="italic">anchors</flowSpan> at both ends. These anchors allow you to

<flowSpan font-style="italic">continue</flowSpan> this path (by drawing from one of the anchors) or

<flowSpan font-style="italic">close</flowSpan> it (by drawing from one anchor to the other) instead of creating a

new one.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="958.4141709999999" x="10" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">

<tspan y="958.4141709999999" x="10">Editing paths</tspan>

</text>

<rect id="d0e170" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="963.61" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e170"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Unlike shapes created by shape tools, the Pen and Pencil tools create what is called

<flowSpan font-style="italic">paths</flowSpan>. A path is a sequence of straight line segments and/or

Bezier curves which, as any other Inkscape object, may have arbitrary fill and stroke

properties. But unlike a shape, a path can be edited by freely dragging any of its nodes

(not just predefined handles) or by directly dragging a segment of the path. Select this

path and switch to the Node tool (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">F2</flowSpan>):

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<path id="advanced-f03-en.svgpath1235" d="M49.143,24.797c13.131-7.502,29.978-20.056,44.278-15.242,11.149,3.752,27.099,30.288,1.036,38.409,9.953,6.454,24.033,1.294,35.263-3.812,23.27-10.38,33.25-27.439,66.3-28.885,12.58-0.709,32.58,5.169,30.26,17.361-1.72,9.036-19.99,6.979-28.85,3.35-25.22-10.945-12.66-30.41-33.28-34.604-9.52-2.142-21.25,1.3591-27.36,13.496" sodipodi:nodetypes="cscsscsss" transform="translate(10, 1053.21607) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.2528700pt" fill="none"/>

<rect id="d0e189" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="1117" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e189"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">You will see a number of gray square <flowSpan font-style="italic">nodes</flowSpan> on the path. These

nodes can be <flowSpan font-style="italic">selected</flowSpan> by <flowSpan font-weight="bold">click</flowSpan>,

<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+click</flowSpan>, or by <flowSpan font-weight="bold">drag</flowSpan>ging a rubberband -

exactly like objects are selected by the Selector tool. You can also click a

path segment to automatically select the adjacent nodes. Selected nodes become

highlighted and show their <flowSpan font-style="italic">node handles</flowSpan> - one or two

small circles connected to each selected node by straight lines. The <flowSpan font-weight="bold">!</flowSpan> key

inverts node selection in the current subpath(s) (i.e. subpaths with at least one

selected node); <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Alt+!</flowSpan> inverts in the entire path.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e216" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="1219.9" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e216"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Paths are edited by <flowSpan font-weight="bold">drag</flowSpan>ging their nodes, node handles, or directly

dragging a path segment. (Try to drag some nodes, handles, and path segments of the

above path.) <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl</flowSpan> works as usual to restrict movement and rotation. The <flowSpan font-weight="bold">arrow</flowSpan>

keys, <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Tab</flowSpan>, <flowSpan font-weight="bold">[</flowSpan>, <flowSpan font-weight="bold">]</flowSpan>, <flowSpan font-weight="bold">&lt;</flowSpan>, <flowSpan font-weight="bold">&gt;</flowSpan> keys with their modifiers all work just as they do in selector,

but apply to nodes instead of objects. You can add nodes anywhere on a path by

either double clicking or by <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+Alt+Click</flowSpan> at the desired location.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e246" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="1301.7" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e246"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">You can delete nodes with <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Del</flowSpan> or <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+Alt+Click</flowSpan>. When

deleting nodes it will try to retain the shape of the path, if you desire for the

handles of the adjacent nodes to be retracted (not retaining the shape) you can

delete with <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+Del</flowSpan>. Additionally, you can duplicate (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+D</flowSpan>)

selected nodes. The path can be broken (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+B</flowSpan>) at the selected nodes, or if you

select two endnodes on one path, you can join them (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+J</flowSpan>).

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e267" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="1383.4" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e267"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">A node can be made <flowSpan font-style="italic">cusp</flowSpan> (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+C</flowSpan>), which means

its two handles can move independently at any angle to each other;

<flowSpan font-style="italic">smooth</flowSpan> (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+S</flowSpan>), which means its handles are

always on the same straight line (collinear); and <flowSpan font-style="italic">symmetric</flowSpan>

(<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+Y</flowSpan>), which is the same as smooth, but the handles also have the

same length. When you switch the type of node, you can preserve

the position of one of the two handles by hovering your mouse

over it, so that only the other handle is rotated/scaled to match.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e288" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="1474.1" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e288"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Also, you can <flowSpan font-style="italic">retract</flowSpan> a node's handle altogether by

<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+click</flowSpan>ing on it. If two adjacent nodes have their handles

retracted, the path segment between them is a straight line. To pull out the retracted

node, <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+drag</flowSpan> away from the node.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="1536.7144539999997" x="10" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">

<tspan y="1536.7144539999997" x="10">Subpaths and combining</tspan>

</text>

<rect id="d0e306" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="1541.9" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e306"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">A path object may contain more than one <flowSpan font-style="italic">subpath</flowSpan>. A subpath is a

sequence of nodes connected to each other. (Therefore, if a path has more than one

subpath, not all of its nodes are connected.) Below left, three subpaths belong to a

single compound path; the same three subpaths on the right are independent path objects:

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<path id="advanced-f04-en.svgpath1735" d="M100.09,6.445c-6.511-7.5367-18.172-7.0049-26.385-2.6524-5.701,3.0209-11.538,6.5134-15.338,11.723-5.199,7.128-0.613,18.406,8.263,21.306,6.653,1.819,14.244-3.464,8.908-12.673m4.925-10.671c6.417-6.6214,17.628-1.347,20.287,6.426,2.27,6.608,2.77,14.498,9.14,18.923,6.42,4.45,17.12,5.311,21.25-2.255,3.53-6.462-3.15-14.74-10.26-12.459m-56.932,26.977c7.041,4.896,14.772-1.731,19.71-6.764,5.239-5.339,13.278-1.157,16.922,4.37,3.32,5.038,11.7,8.321,15.91,2.324" transform="translate(10, 1610.3299239999997) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f04-en.svgpath1729" stroke-linejoin="miter" d="M226.58,6.7994c-6.51-7.5367-18.17-7.0049-26.39-2.6524-5.7,3.0209-11.53,6.513-15.33,11.723-5.2,7.129-0.62,18.407,8.26,21.306,6.65,1.819,14.24-3.463,8.91-12.672" sodipodi:nodetypes="cssss" transform="translate(10, 1610.3299239999997) " stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f04-en.svgpath1730" stroke-linejoin="miter" d="M206.95,13.832c6.42-6.621,17.63-1.346,20.29,6.427,2.26,6.607,2.77,14.497,9.14,18.923,6.41,4.45,17.12,5.311,21.25-2.256,3.53-6.461-3.16-14.74-10.26-12.459" sodipodi:nodetypes="cssss" transform="translate(10, 1610.3299239999997) " stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f04-en.svgpath1731" d="M190.44,51.444c7.04,4.896,14.77-1.73,19.71-6.763,5.24-5.339,13.27-1.157,16.92,4.369,3.32,5.038,11.7,8.321,15.91,2.324" sodipodi:nodetypes="csss" transform="translate(10, 1610.3299239999997) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<rect id="d0e322" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="1677.6" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e322"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Note that a compound path is not the same as a group. It's a single object which is only

selectable as a whole. If you select the left object above and switch to node tool, you

will see nodes displayed on all three subpaths. On the right, you can only node-edit one

path at a time.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e325" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="1736.3" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e325"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Inkscape can <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Combine</flowSpan> paths into a compound path

(<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+K</flowSpan>) and <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Break Apart</flowSpan> a compound path into

separate paths (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+Ctrl+K</flowSpan>). Try these commands on the above

examples. Since an object can only have one fill and stroke, a new compound path gets

the style of the first (lowest in z-order) object being combined.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e340" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="1796.7" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e340"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">When you combine overlapping paths with fill, usually the fill will disappear

in the areas where the paths overlap:

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<path id="advanced-f05-en.svgpath1796" d="M155.75,61.987l-26.12-11.321-3.86,19.965-7.44-27.481-18.02,9.429,16.85-22.948-18.602-8.208,28.442-1.134-5.18-19.664,18.62,21.533,12.15-16.312-5.23,27.986,20.33-0.678-25.14,13.365,13.2,15.468zm29.81-9.429c-4.76,12.495-21.78,17.62-37.98,11.44-16.21-6.18-25.49-21.338-20.72-33.833,4.76-12.495,21.78-17.62,37.99-11.44,16.2,6.181,25.48,21.337,20.71,33.833z" fill-rule="evenodd" fill-opacity="0.75000000" transform="translate(10, 1833.1278259999997) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="#07ba88"/>

<rect id="d0e353" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="1916.4" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e353"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">This is the easiest way to create objects with holes in them. For more powerful path

commands, see “Boolean operations” below.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="1957.5664139999997" x="10" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">

<tspan y="1957.5664139999997" x="10">Converting to path</tspan>

</text>

<rect id="d0e362" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="1962.8" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e362"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Any shape or text object can be <flowSpan font-style="italic">converted to path</flowSpan>

(<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+Ctrl+C</flowSpan>). This operation does not change the appearance of the

object but removes all capabilities specific to its type (e.g. you can't round the

corners of a rectangle or edit the text anymore); instead, you can now edit its

nodes. Here are two stars - the left one is kept a shape and the right one is

converted to path. Switch to node tool and compare their editability when selected:

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<polygon id="advanced-f06-en.svgpolygon1410" stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" sodipodi:type="star" d="M 48.608655,3873.8302 L 38.020121,3854.1783 L 21.697849,3874.9159 L 30.460473,3854.3847 L 4.0704360,3854.5531 L 25.585784,3848.6030 L 9.0002176,3828.0754 L 27.066793,3841.1869 L 32.774968,3815.4211 L 33.788271,3837.7210 L 57.491814,3826.1191 L 40.688807,3840.8151 L 64.538468,3852.1136 L 42.572158,3848.1393 L 48.608655,3873.8302 z " fill-opacity="0.75000000" fill="#FF0" sodipodi:r1="31.036766" inkscape:flatsided="false" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(10, 2052.4618819999996) translate(49.93435,-3814.793)" sodipodi:arg2="1.0947087" sodipodi:arg1="1.0816765" inkscape:randomized="0.0000000" sodipodi:cy="3846.4326" points="48.609,3873.8,38.02,3854.2,21.698,3874.9,30.46,3854.4,4.0704,3854.6,25.586,3848.6,9.0002,3828.1,27.067,3841.2,32.775,3815.4,33.788,3837.7,57.492,3826.1,40.689,3840.8,64.538,3852.1,42.572,3848.1,48.609,3873.8" sodipodi:sides="7" inkscape:rounded="0.0000000" sodipodi:r2="8.7148495" sodipodi:cx="34.026058"/>

<path id="advanced-f06-en.svgpath1412" d="M204.84,59.034l-10.59-19.652-16.32,20.738,8.76-20.532-26.39,0.169,21.52-5.95-16.59-20.528,18.07,13.112,5.71-25.766,1.01,22.3,23.71-11.602-16.81,14.696,23.85,11.298-21.96-3.974,6.03,25.691z" fill-opacity="0.75000000" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(10, 2052.4618819999996) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="#FF0"/>

<rect id="d0e381" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="2125.2" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e381"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Moreover, you can convert to a path (“outline”) the <flowSpan font-style="italic">stroke</flowSpan> of any

object. Below, the first object is the original path (no fill, black stroke), while the

second one is the result of the Stroke to Path command (black fill,

no stroke):

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="2253.6526619999995" x="10" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">

<tspan y="2253.6526619999995" x="10">Boolean operations</tspan>

</text>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e406"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">The commands in the Path menu let you combine two or more objects using

<flowSpan font-style="italic">boolean operations</flowSpan>:

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<text id="advanced-f08-en.svgtext1463" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" sodipodi:linespacing="110.00000%" transform="translate(10, 2295.3481309999993) " line-height="110.00000%" xml:space="preserve" font-size="5.5761971" font-style="normal" y="4.2369075" x="132.69385" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" sodipodi:insensitive="true" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f08-en.svgtspan1464" y="4.2369075" x="132.69385" role="line">Original shapes</tspan></text>

<text id="advanced-f08-en.svgtext1468" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" sodipodi:linespacing="110.00000%" transform="translate(10, 2295.3481309999993) " line-height="110.00000%" xml:space="preserve" font-size="5.5761971" font-style="normal" y="75.103027" x="72.512367" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" sodipodi:insensitive="true" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f08-en.svgtspan1469" y="75.103027" x="72.512367" role="line">Union (Ctrl++)</tspan></text>

<text id="advanced-f08-en.svgtext1471" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" sodipodi:linespacing="110.00000%" transform="translate(10, 2295.3481309999993) " line-height="110.00000%" xml:space="preserve" font-size="5.5761971" font-style="normal" y="75.103027" x="135.35332" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" sodipodi:insensitive="true" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f08-en.svgtspan1472" y="75.103027" x="135.35332" role="line">Difference (Ctrl+-)</tspan></text>

<text id="advanced-f08-en.svgtext1476" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" sodipodi:linespacing="110.00000%" transform="translate(10, 2295.3481309999993) " line-height="110.00000%" xml:space="preserve" font-size="5.5761971" font-style="normal" y="75.103027" x="202.23427" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" sodipodi:insensitive="true" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f08-en.svgtspan1477" y="75.103027" x="202.23427" role="line">Intersection</tspan><tspan id="advanced-f08-en.svgtspan1482" y="81.236844" x="202.23427" role="line">(Ctrl+*)</tspan></text>

<text id="advanced-f08-en.svgtext1479" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" sodipodi:linespacing="110.00000%" transform="translate(10, 2295.3481309999993) " line-height="110.00000%" xml:space="preserve" font-size="5.5761971" font-style="normal" y="149.98067" x="73.13726" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" sodipodi:insensitive="true" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f08-en.svgtspan1480" y="149.98067" x="73.13726" role="line">Exclusion</tspan><tspan id="advanced-f08-en.svgtspan1484" y="156.11448" x="73.13726" role="line">(Ctrl+^)</tspan></text>

<text id="advanced-f08-en.svgtext2252" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" sodipodi:linespacing="110.00000%" transform="translate(10, 2295.3481309999993) " line-height="110.00000%" xml:space="preserve" font-size="5.5761971" font-style="normal" y="149.98067" x="136.91679" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" sodipodi:insensitive="true" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f08-en.svgtspan1820" y="149.98067" x="136.91679" role="line">Division</tspan><tspan id="advanced-f08-en.svgtspan1822" y="156.11448" x="136.91679" role="line">(Ctrl+/)</tspan></text>

<text id="advanced-f08-en.svgtext1828" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" sodipodi:linespacing="110.00000%" transform="translate(10, 2295.3481309999993) " line-height="110.00000%" xml:space="preserve" font-size="5.5761971" font-style="normal" y="149.98067" x="199.6328" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" sodipodi:insensitive="true" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f08-en.svgtspan1829" y="149.98067" x="199.6328" role="line">Cut Path</tspan><tspan id="advanced-f08-en.svgtspan1831" y="156.11448" x="199.6328" role="line">(Ctrl+Alt+/)</tspan><tspan id="advanced-f08-en.svgtspan1833" y="162.2483" x="199.6328" sodipodi:role="line"/></text>

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<path id="advanced-f08-en.svgpath1818" d="M174.26,182.05c-0.33-0.27-0.62-0.6-0.97-0.84-0.81-0.57-1.68-1.04-2.59-1.44s-1.85-0.7-2.85-0.91c-0.99-0.21-2.04-0.31-3.09-0.31s-2.07,0.1-3.06,0.31-1.93,0.51-2.85,0.91c-0.91,0.4-1.78,0.87-2.59,1.44-0.81,0.56-1.56,1.22-2.25,1.93s-1.33,1.48-1.88,2.32c-0.54,0.83-1.02,1.71-1.4,2.65-0.39,0.94-0.67,1.95-0.88,2.97-0.13,0.66-0.14,1.35-0.18,2.03h24.59v-11.06z" fill-opacity="0.75000000" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(10, 2295.3481309999993) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="#00F"/>

<path id="advanced-f08-en.svgpath1826" d="M214.49,194.75h24.63v-11.09" transform="translate(10, 2295.3481309999993) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<path id="advanced-f08-en.svgpath1827" d="M238.05,182.24v-16.31h-37.56v27.4h12.94" transform="translate(10, 2295.3481309999993) " stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.0000000pt" fill="none"/>

<flowRoot id="advanced-f08-en.svgflowRoot2628" xml:space="preserve" transform="translate(10, 2295.3481309999993) " font-size="5.57619715px"><flowRegion id="advanced-f08-en.svgflowRegion2630"><rect id="advanced-f08-en.svgrect2632" y="76.05" width="63.135" x="135.36" height="14.647"/></flowRegion><flowPara id="advanced-f08-en.svgflowPara2634" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif">(bottom minus top)</flowPara></flowRoot>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e422"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">The keyboard shortcuts for these commands allude to the arithmetic analogs of the

boolean operations (union is addition, difference is subtraction, etc.). The

<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Difference</flowSpan> and <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Exclusion</flowSpan> commands can only apply

to two selected objects; others may process any number of objects at once. The result

always receives the style of the bottom object.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e431"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">The result of the <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Exclusion</flowSpan> command looks similar to

<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Combine</flowSpan> (see above), but it is different in that

<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Exclusion</flowSpan> adds extra nodes where the original paths intersect. The

difference between <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Division</flowSpan> and <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Cut Path</flowSpan> is that

the former cuts the entire bottom object by the path of the top object, while the latter

only cuts the bottom object's stroke and removes any fill (this is convenient for

cutting fill-less strokes into pieces).

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="2683.302588999999" x="10" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">

<tspan y="2683.302588999999" x="10">Inset and outset</tspan>

</text>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e455"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Inkscape can expand and contract shapes not only by scaling, but also by

<flowSpan font-style="italic">offsetting</flowSpan> an object's path, i.e. by displacing it perpendicular

to the path in each point. The corresponding commands are called

<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Inset</flowSpan> (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+(</flowSpan>) and <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Outset</flowSpan>

(<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+)</flowSpan>). Shown below is the original path (red) and a number of paths

inset or outset from that original:

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e483"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">The plain <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Inset</flowSpan> and <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Outset</flowSpan> commands produce paths

(converting the original object to path if it's not a path yet). Often, more convenient

is the <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Dynamic Offset</flowSpan> (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+J</flowSpan>) which creates an

object with a draggable handle (similar to a shape's handle) controlling the offset

distance. Select the object below, switch to the node tool, and drag its handle to get

an idea:

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<path id="advanced-f10-en.svgpath1527" sodipodi:type="inkscape:offset" d="M101,3463c-0.1,0.1-0.13,0.1-0.28,0.4-3.882,6.6-5.68,15.3-6.751,23.5-2.2,16.8,5.598,36.6,21.971,42.7,7.97,2.9,13.1,5,16.59,7.4,3.12,2.1,4.89,4.3,6.16,7.3,0.83-3.4,2.14-5.7,4.09-7.2,2.17-1.7,5.05-2.3,8.63-2.3,8.16-0.1,14.64,4.8,20.47,9.2,3.11,2.3,7.24,3.2,11,2.6,3.75-0.6,7.06-2.7,8.68-6.4,1.63-3.6,1.01-7.3-0.78-10.6-1.79-3.4-4.74-6.4-7.72-8.5-7.49-5.4-17.33-5.6-25.75-2.2-3.34,1.4-6.19,4.2-9.09,6.7s-5.9,4.7-9.53,4.9c-3.86,0.1-8.09-1.1-11.38-3.7s-5.62-6.7-5.62-12.1c-0.01-0.2,0.04-0.3,0.11-0.3,0.08-0.1,0.19-0.2,0.29-0.2,3.08,0,8.03,0.6,13.5,1,5.48,0.4,11.47,0.5,16.6-0.2,8.18-1.1,17.36-5.9,21.28-13.6,3.78-7.4,10.44-16.4,22.65-18.6-10.72-0.5-19.35-0.5-27.24,0.4-3.9,0.5-6.54,2.4-8.35,5.1s-2.73,6.3-3.09,9.8c-0.47,4.6-3.5,7.8-7.38,9.8s-8.62,2.7-12.68,2.3c-3.24-0.4-6.92-1-10-2.6-3.09-1.5-5.59-4-6.35-8-0.29-1.5,0.1-3.2,0.88-4.8,0.77-1.5,1.94-3,3.18-4.1,1.25-1.1,2.59-1.8,3.85-1.6,0.63,0,1.22,0.3,1.68,0.8,0.47,0.6,0.8,1.3,1,2.3,0.75,3.6,3.5,6.2,6.19,7,1.35,0.3,2.66,0.2,3.75-0.4,1.1-0.7,2.01-1.9,2.47-3.8,1.71-7.3-3.75-14.3-10.69-16.5-4.46-1.4-9.94-0.3-14,2.3s-6.67,6.6-5.62,11.1c0.37,1.6,0.35,2.8,0,3.7s-1.07,1.5-1.91,1.6c-1.68,0.3-3.81-0.6-5.59-2-7.058-5.9-7.324-15.6-6.408-23.7,0.105-0.9,0.618-3.4,0.938-5.5,0.16-1.1,0.27-2.1,0.28-2.7,0-0.2-0.02-0.2-0.03-0.3z" inkscape:original="M 101.062500 3462.343750 C 100.902800 3462.433706 100.664673 3462.696654 100.375000 3463.187500 C 96.443695 3469.848900 94.636933 3478.639228 93.562500 3486.843750 C 91.341517 3503.803250 99.219050 3523.756139 115.812500 3529.968750 C 131.737740 3535.680450 136.252411 3538.608005 138.781250 3545.468750 C 140.362240 3537.645750 144.344522 3535.190852 151.406250 3535.156250 C 159.407750 3535.117050 165.798568 3539.886947 171.625000 3544.281250 C 178.046330 3549.124050 188.581246 3547.905311 191.937500 3540.406250 C 195.306020 3532.879850 189.320260 3525.100477 183.281250 3520.781250 C 175.660410 3515.330450 165.675465 3515.083811 157.156250 3518.562500 C 150.278600 3521.370800 145.642062 3529.805821 138.687500 3530.062500 C 131.155160 3530.340700 122.093750 3525.373600 122.093750 3514.656250 C 128.141300 3514.656250 141.893013 3516.888394 152.250000 3515.437500 C 160.536040 3514.276700 169.810637 3509.496825 173.812500 3501.625000 C 178.138690 3493.115200 186.199125 3482.625044 202.125000 3482.625000 C 188.399600 3481.926200 178.222058 3481.757977 168.843750 3482.812500 C 160.838550 3483.712600 157.759946 3490.932125 157.031250 3498.062500 C 156.129180 3506.889400 145.382449 3510.673326 137.406250 3509.781250 C 130.968270 3509.061350 122.881979 3507.244175 121.406250 3499.562500 C 120.331690 3493.969000 129.715916 3484.797919 131.250000 3492.250000 C 132.801250 3499.785400 142.499525 3503.219907 144.406250 3495.062500 C 146.166030 3487.533600 140.576047 3480.344687 133.468750 3478.093750 C 124.261060 3475.177750 111.161820 3482.666917 113.343750 3492.031250 C 114.778810 3498.190350 109.910481 3497.692485 106.468750 3494.843750 C 99.576199 3489.138750 99.307060 3479.573461 100.218750 3471.531250 C 100.413140 3469.816425 102.180400 3461.714057 101.062500 3462.343750 z " transform="translate(10, 2981.3946939999987) translate(0.000000,-3462.662)" stroke="#ff0100" inkscape:radius="-0.39687219" stroke-width="0.67500001" fill="none"/>

<rect id="d0e508" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="3077.9" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e508"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Such a <flowSpan font-style="italic">dynamic offset object</flowSpan> remembers the original path, so it

does not “degrade” when you change the offset distance again and again. When you don't

need it to be adjustable anymore, you can always convert an offset object back to path.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e514" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="3127.6" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e514"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Still more convenient is a <flowSpan font-style="italic">linked offset</flowSpan>, which is similar to the

dynamic variety but is connected to another path which remains editable. You can have

any number of linked offsets for one source path. Below, the source path is red, one

offset linked to it has black stroke and no fill, the other has black fill and no

stroke.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e520" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="3187.4" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e520"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Select the red object and node-edit it; watch how both linked offsets respond. Now

select any of the offsets and drag its handle to adjust the offset radius. Finally, note

how moving or transforming the source moves all offset objects linked to it, and how you

can move or transform the offset objects independently without losing their connection

with the source.

</flowDiv>

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<tspan y="3386.216333999999" x="10">Simplification</tspan>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">The main use of the <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Simplify</flowSpan> command (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+L</flowSpan>) is

reducing the number of nodes on a path while <flowSpan font-style="italic">almost</flowSpan> preserving its

shape. This may be useful for paths created by the Pencil tool, since that tool

sometimes creates more nodes than necessary. Below, the left shape is as created by the

freehand tool, and the right one is a copy that was simplified. The original path has 28

nodes, while the simplified one has 17 (which means it is much easier to work with in

node tool) and is smoother.

</flowDiv>

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">The amount of simplification (called the <flowSpan font-style="italic">threshold</flowSpan>) depends on

the size of the selection. Therefore, if you select a path along with some larger

object, it will be simplified more aggressively than if you select that path

alone. Moreover, the <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Simplify</flowSpan> command is

<flowSpan font-style="italic">accelerated</flowSpan>. This means that if you press <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+L</flowSpan>

several times in quick succession (so that the calls are within 0.5 sec from each

other), the threshold is increased on each call. (If you do another Simplify after a

pause, the threshold is back to its default value.) By making use of the acceleration, it

is easy to apply the exact amount of simplification you need for each case.

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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Besides smoothing freehand strokes, <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Simplify</flowSpan> can be used for various

creative effects. Often, a shape which is rigid and geometric benefits from some amount

of simplification that creates cool life-like generalizations of the original form -

melting sharp corners and introducing very natural distortions, sometimes stylish and

sometimes plain funny. Here's an example of a clipart shape that looks much nicer after

<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Simplify</flowSpan>:

</flowDiv>

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<text id="advanced-f13-en.svgtext2799" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" sodipodi:linespacing="110.00000%" transform="translate(10, 3755.9791949999985) " line-height="110.00000%" xml:space="preserve" font-size="5.5761971" font-style="normal" y="4.2366295" x="125.61612" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" sodipodi:insensitive="true" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f13-en.svgtspan2800" y="4.2366295" x="125.61612" role="line">Slight simplification</tspan></text>

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<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="3914.7688649999986" x="10" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">

<tspan y="3914.7688649999986" x="10">Creating text</tspan>

</text>

<rect id="d0e601" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="3920" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e601"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Inkscape is capable of creating long and complex texts. However, it's also pretty

convenient for creating small text objects such as heading, banners, logos, diagram

labels and captions, etc. This section is a very basic introduction into Inkscape's

text capabilities.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e604" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="3969.6" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e604"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Creating a text object is as simple as switching to the Text tool (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">F8</flowSpan>),

clicking somewhere in the document, and typing your text. To change font family, style,

size, and alignment, open the Text and Font dialog (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+Ctrl+T</flowSpan>). That

dialog also has a text entry tab where you can edit the selected text object - in some

situations, it may be more convenient than editing it right on the canvas (in

particular, that tab supports as-you-type spell checking).

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e613"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Like other tools, Text tool can select objects of its own type - text

objects -so you can click to select and position the cursor in any

existing text object (such as this paragraph).

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e616" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="4090.5" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e616"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">One of the most common operations in text design is adjusting spacing between letters

and lines. As always, Inkscape provides keyboard shortcuts for this. When you are

editing text, the <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Alt+&lt;</flowSpan> and <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Alt+&gt;</flowSpan> keys change

the <flowSpan font-style="italic">letter spacing</flowSpan> in the current line of a text object, so that

the total length of the line changes by 1 pixel at the current zoom (compare to Selector

tool where the same keys do pixel-sized object scaling). As a rule, if the font size in

a text object is larger than the default, it will likely benefit from squeezing letters

a bit tighter than the default. Here's an example:

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<text id="advanced-f14-en.svgtext1609" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" sodipodi:linespacing="110.00000%" transform="translate(10, 4201.516308999998) " line-height="110.00000%" xml:space="preserve" font-size="5.5761971" font-style="normal" y="4.2361641" x="139.43481" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" sodipodi:insensitive="true" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f14-en.svgtspan1610" y="4.2361641" x="139.43481" role="line">Original</tspan></text>

<text id="advanced-f14-en.svgtext1612" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" sodipodi:linespacing="110.00000%" transform="translate(10, 4201.516308999998) " line-height="110.00000%" xml:space="preserve" font-size="5.5761971" font-style="normal" y="53.843742" x="116.16958" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" sodipodi:insensitive="true" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f14-en.svgtspan1613" y="53.843742" x="116.16958" role="line">Letter spacing decreased</tspan></text>

<text id="advanced-f14-en.svgtext2315" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" xml:space="preserve" transform="translate(10, 4201.516308999998) " font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-size="33.599998" font-variant="normal" y="33.29771" x="60.780251" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f14-en.svgtspan1604">Inspiration</tspan></text>

<text id="advanced-f14-en.svgtext1606" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" xml:space="preserve" transform="translate(10, 4201.516308999998) " font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-size="33.599998" font-variant="normal" y="82.904648" x="67.866859" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f14-en.svgtspan1607" style="letter-spacing:-1.2478520;">Inspiration</tspan></text>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e638"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">The tightened variant looks a bit better as a heading, but it's still not perfect: the

distances between letters are not uniform, for example the “a” and “t” are too far apart

while “t” and “i” are too close. The amount of such bad kerns (especially visible in

large font sizes) is greater in low quality fonts than in high quality ones; however, in

any text string and in any font you will probably find pairs of letters that will

benefit from kerning adjustments.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e641"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Inkscape makes these adjustments really easy. Just move your text editing cursor between

the offending characters and use <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Alt+arrows</flowSpan> to move the letters right

of the cursor. Here is the same heading again, this time with manual adjustments

for visually uniform letter positioning:

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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<text id="advanced-f15-en.svgtext2406" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" xml:space="preserve" transform="translate(10, 4453.541107999998) " font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-size="33.599998" font-variant="normal" y="34.802681" x="67.866859" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f15-en.svgtspan1647" style="letter-spacing:-1.2478520;" dx="0 0 -0.1418031 -0.42540932 -0.42540932 0.42540932 0.42540932 -0.87514824 1.1344248 -0.5672124 -0.5672124">Inspiration</tspan></text>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e657"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">In addition to shifting letters horizontally by <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Alt+Left</flowSpan> or

<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Alt+Right</flowSpan>, you can also move them vertically by using

<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Alt+Up</flowSpan> or <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Alt+Down</flowSpan>:

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<text id="advanced-f16-en.svgtext1731" style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="normal" xml:space="preserve" transform="translate(10, 4543.847747999997) " font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-size="33.599998" font-variant="normal" y="32.078743" x="67.866859" font-family="Bitstream Vera Serif" fill="#000000"><tspan id="advanced-f16-en.svgtspan1732" style="letter-spacing:-1.2478520;" dx="0 -3.4339702 -1.746122 -1.4281086 -2.0297282 -1.981069 -3.9864676 -3.8832457 -1.2720536 -2.1715312 -1.5699117" dy="0 0.0056477566 6.8183579 -6.6178179 0 -6.4172778 6.0161972 -5.8156576 5.8156576 -3.4091773 2.8075578">Inspiration</tspan></text>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e682"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Of course you could just convert your text to path (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+Ctrl+C</flowSpan>) and

move the letters as regular path objects. However, it is much more convenient to keep

text as text - it remains editable, you can try different fonts without removing

the kerns and spacing, and it takes much less space in the saved file. The only

disadvantage to the “text as text” approach is that you need to have the original font

installed on any system where you want to open that SVG document.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<rect id="d0e688" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="4673.7" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e688"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Similar to letter spacing, you can also adjust <flowSpan font-style="italic">line spacing</flowSpan> in

multi-line text objects. Try the <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+Alt+&lt;</flowSpan> and

<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+Alt+&gt;</flowSpan> keys on any paragraph in this tutorial to space it in or out

so that the overall height of the text object changes by 1 pixel at the current zoom.

As in Selector, pressing <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift</flowSpan> with any spacing or kerning shortcut

produces 10 times greater effect than without Shift.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="4757.6023529999975" x="10" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">

<tspan y="4757.6023529999975" x="10">XML editor</tspan>

</text>

<rect id="d0e709" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="4762.8" x="10"/>

<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e709"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">The ultimate power tool of Inkscape is the XML editor (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+Ctrl+X</flowSpan>).

It displays the entire XML tree of the document, always reflecting its current

state. You can edit your drawing and watch the corresponding changes in the XML

tree. Moreover, you can edit any text, element, or attribute nodes in the XML editor and

see the result on your canvas. This is the best tool imaginable for learning SVG

interactively, and it allows you to do tricks that would be impossible with regular

editing tools.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="4867.957534999998" x="10" font-family="DejaVu Sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">

<tspan y="4867.957534999998" x="10">Conclusion</tspan>

</text>

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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="DejaVu Serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">

<flowRegion>

<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e721"/>

</flowRegion>

<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">This tutorial shows only a small part of all capabilities of Inkscape. We hope you

enjoyed it. Don't be afraid to experiment and share what you create. Please visit <flowSpan font-weight="bold" font-family="sans serif">www.inkscape.org</flowSpan> for more information, latest

versions, and help from user and developer communities.

</flowDiv>

</flowRoot>

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</defs>

<metadata id="metadata4">

<rdf:RDF>

<cc:Work rdf:about="">

<dc:format>image/svg+xml</dc:format>

<dc:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage"/>

</cc:Work>

</rdf:RDF>

</metadata>

<g id="layer1" inkscape:label="Layer 1" inkscape:groupmode="layer">

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