fs/zfs/zfs_fm.c

	zfs_fm.c revision 468c413a79615e77179e8d98f22a7e513a8135bd
/*
 * CDDL HEADER START
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
 * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
 * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *
 * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
 * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
 * and limitations under the License.
 *
 * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
 * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
 * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
 * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
 * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
 *
 * CDDL HEADER END
 */
/*
 * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
 * Use is subject to license terms.
 */

#include <sys/spa.h>
#include <sys/spa_impl.h>
#include <sys/vdev.h>
#include <sys/vdev_impl.h>
#include <sys/zio.h>
#include <sys/zio_checksum.h>

#include <sys/fm/fs/zfs.h>
#include <sys/fm/protocol.h>
#include <sys/fm/util.h>
#include <sys/sysevent.h>

/*
 * This general routine is responsible for generating all the different ZFS
 * ereports.  The payload is dependent on the class, and which arguments are
 * supplied to the function:
 *
 *  EREPORT         POOL    VDEV    IO
 *  block           X   X   X
 *  data            X       X
 *  device          X   X
 *  pool            X
 *
 * If we are in a loading state, all errors are chained together by the same
 * SPA-wide ENA (Error Numeric Association).
 *
 * For isolated I/O requests, we get the ENA from the zio_t. The propagation
 * gets very complicated due to RAID-Z, gang blocks, and vdev caching.  We want
 * to chain together all ereports associated with a logical piece of data.  For
 * read I/Os, there  are basically three 'types' of I/O, which form a roughly
 * layered diagram:
 *
 *      +---------------+
 *  | Aggregate I/O |   No associated logical data or device
 *  +---------------+
 *              |
 *              V
 *  +---------------+   Reads associated with a piece of logical data.
 *  |   Read I/O    |   This includes reads on behalf of RAID-Z,
 *  +---------------+       mirrors, gang blocks, retries, etc.
 *              |
 *              V
 *  +---------------+   Reads associated with a particular device, but
 *  | Physical I/O  |   no logical data.  Issued as part of vdev caching
 *  +---------------+   and I/O aggregation.
 *
 * Note that 'physical I/O' here is not the same terminology as used in the rest
 * of ZIO.  Typically, 'physical I/O' simply means that there is no attached
 * blockpointer.  But I/O with no associated block pointer can still be related
 * to a logical piece of data (i.e. RAID-Z requests).
 *
 * Purely physical I/O always have unique ENAs.  They are not related to a
 * particular piece of logical data, and therefore cannot be chained together.
 * We still generate an ereport, but the DE doesn't correlate it with any
 * logical piece of data.  When such an I/O fails, the delegated I/O requests
 * will issue a retry, which will trigger the 'real' ereport with the correct
 * ENA.
 *
 * We keep track of the ENA for a ZIO chain through the 'io_logical' member.
 * When a new logical I/O is issued, we set this to point to itself.  Child I/Os
 * then inherit this pointer, so that when it is first set subsequent failures
 * will use the same ENA.  For vdev cache fill and queue aggregation I/O,
 * this pointer is set to NULL, and no ereport will be generated (since it
 * doesn't actually correspond to any particular device or piece of data,
 * and the caller will always retry without caching or queueing anyway).
 *
 * For checksum errors, we want to include more information about the actual
 * error which occurs.  Accordingly, we build an ereport when the error is
 * noticed, but instead of sending it in immediately, we hang it off of the
 * io_cksum_report field of the logical IO.  When the logical IO completes
 * (successfully or not), zfs_ereport_finish_checksum() is called with the
 * good and bad versions of the buffer (if available), and we annotate the
 * ereport with information about the differences.
 */
#ifdef _KERNEL
static void
zfs_ereport_start(nvlist_t **ereport_out, nvlist_t **detector_out,
    const char *subclass, spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd, zio_t *zio,
    uint64_t stateoroffset, uint64_t size)
{
    nvlist_t *ereport, *detector;

    uint64_t ena;
    char class[64];

    /*
     * If we are doing a spa_tryimport() or in recovery mode,
     * ignore errors.
     */
    if (spa->spa_load_state == SPA_LOAD_TRYIMPORT ||
        spa->spa_load_state == SPA_LOAD_RECOVER)
        return;

    /*
     * If we are in the middle of opening a pool, and the previous attempt
     * failed, don't bother logging any new ereports - we're just going to
     * get the same diagnosis anyway.
     */
    if (spa->spa_load_state != SPA_LOAD_NONE &&
        spa->spa_last_open_failed)
        return;

    if (zio != NULL) {
        /*
         * If this is not a read or write zio, ignore the error.  This
         * can occur if the DKIOCFLUSHWRITECACHE ioctl fails.
         */
        if (zio->io_type != ZIO_TYPE_READ &&
            zio->io_type != ZIO_TYPE_WRITE)
            return;

        /*
         * Ignore any errors from speculative I/Os, as failure is an
         * expected result.
         */
        if (zio->io_flags & ZIO_FLAG_SPECULATIVE)
            return;

        /*
         * If this I/O is not a retry I/O, don't post an ereport.
         * Otherwise, we risk making bad diagnoses based on B_FAILFAST
         * I/Os.
         */
        if (zio->io_error == EIO &&
            !(zio->io_flags & ZIO_FLAG_IO_RETRY))
            return;

        if (vd != NULL) {
            /*
             * If the vdev has already been marked as failing due
             * to a failed probe, then ignore any subsequent I/O
             * errors, as the DE will automatically fault the vdev
             * on the first such failure.  This also catches cases
             * where vdev_remove_wanted is set and the device has
             * not yet been asynchronously placed into the REMOVED
             * state.
             */
            if (zio->io_vd == vd && !vdev_accessible(vd, zio))
                return;

            /*
             * Ignore checksum errors for reads from DTL regions of
             * leaf vdevs.
             */
            if (zio->io_type == ZIO_TYPE_READ &&
                zio->io_error == ECKSUM &&
                vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf &&
                vdev_dtl_contains(vd, DTL_MISSING, zio->io_txg, 1))
                return;
        }
    }

    /*
     * For probe failure, we want to avoid posting ereports if we've
     * already removed the device in the meantime.
     */
    if (vd != NULL &&
        strcmp(subclass, FM_EREPORT_ZFS_PROBE_FAILURE) == 0 &&
        (vd->vdev_remove_wanted || vd->vdev_state == VDEV_STATE_REMOVED))
        return;

    if ((ereport = fm_nvlist_create(NULL)) == NULL)
        return;

    if ((detector = fm_nvlist_create(NULL)) == NULL) {
        fm_nvlist_destroy(ereport, FM_NVA_FREE);
        return;
    }

    /*
     * Serialize ereport generation
     */
    mutex_enter(&spa->spa_errlist_lock);

    /*
     * Determine the ENA to use for this event.  If we are in a loading
     * state, use a SPA-wide ENA.  Otherwise, if we are in an I/O state, use
     * a root zio-wide ENA.  Otherwise, simply use a unique ENA.
     */
    if (spa->spa_load_state != SPA_LOAD_NONE) {
        if (spa->spa_ena == 0)
            spa->spa_ena = fm_ena_generate(0, FM_ENA_FMT1);
        ena = spa->spa_ena;
    } else if (zio != NULL && zio->io_logical != NULL) {
        if (zio->io_logical->io_ena == 0)
            zio->io_logical->io_ena =
                fm_ena_generate(0, FM_ENA_FMT1);
        ena = zio->io_logical->io_ena;
    } else {
        ena = fm_ena_generate(0, FM_ENA_FMT1);
    }

    /*
     * Construct the full class, detector, and other standard FMA fields.
     */
    (void) snprintf(class, sizeof (class), "%s.%s",
        ZFS_ERROR_CLASS, subclass);

    fm_fmri_zfs_set(detector, FM_ZFS_SCHEME_VERSION, spa_guid(spa),
        vd != NULL ? vd->vdev_guid : 0);

    fm_ereport_set(ereport, FM_EREPORT_VERSION, class, ena, detector, NULL);

    /*
     * Construct the per-ereport payload, depending on which parameters are
     * passed in.
     */

    /*
     * Generic payload members common to all ereports.
     */
    fm_payload_set(ereport, FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_POOL,
        DATA_TYPE_STRING, spa_name(spa), FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_POOL_GUID,
        DATA_TYPE_UINT64, spa_guid(spa),
        FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_POOL_CONTEXT, DATA_TYPE_INT32,
        spa->spa_load_state, NULL);

    if (spa != NULL) {
        fm_payload_set(ereport, FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_POOL_FAILMODE,
            DATA_TYPE_STRING,
            spa_get_failmode(spa) == ZIO_FAILURE_MODE_WAIT ?
            FM_EREPORT_FAILMODE_WAIT :
            spa_get_failmode(spa) == ZIO_FAILURE_MODE_CONTINUE ?
            FM_EREPORT_FAILMODE_CONTINUE : FM_EREPORT_FAILMODE_PANIC,
            NULL);
    }

    if (vd != NULL) {
        vdev_t *pvd = vd->vdev_parent;

        fm_payload_set(ereport, FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_VDEV_GUID,
            DATA_TYPE_UINT64, vd->vdev_guid,
            FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_VDEV_TYPE,
            DATA_TYPE_STRING, vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_type, NULL);
        if (vd->vdev_path != NULL)
            fm_payload_set(ereport,
                FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_VDEV_PATH,
                DATA_TYPE_STRING, vd->vdev_path, NULL);
        if (vd->vdev_devid != NULL)
            fm_payload_set(ereport,
                FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_VDEV_DEVID,
                DATA_TYPE_STRING, vd->vdev_devid, NULL);
        if (vd->vdev_fru != NULL)
            fm_payload_set(ereport,
                FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_VDEV_FRU,
                DATA_TYPE_STRING, vd->vdev_fru, NULL);

        if (pvd != NULL) {
            fm_payload_set(ereport,
                FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_PARENT_GUID,
                DATA_TYPE_UINT64, pvd->vdev_guid,
                FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_PARENT_TYPE,
                DATA_TYPE_STRING, pvd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_type,
                NULL);
            if (pvd->vdev_path)
                fm_payload_set(ereport,
                    FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_PARENT_PATH,
                    DATA_TYPE_STRING, pvd->vdev_path, NULL);
            if (pvd->vdev_devid)
                fm_payload_set(ereport,
                    FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_PARENT_DEVID,
                    DATA_TYPE_STRING, pvd->vdev_devid, NULL);
        }
    }

    if (zio != NULL) {
        /*
         * Payload common to all I/Os.
         */
        fm_payload_set(ereport, FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_ZIO_ERR,
            DATA_TYPE_INT32, zio->io_error, NULL);

        /*
         * If the 'size' parameter is non-zero, it indicates this is a
         * RAID-Z or other I/O where the physical offset and length are
         * provided for us, instead of within the zio_t.
         */
        if (vd != NULL) {
            if (size)
                fm_payload_set(ereport,
                    FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_ZIO_OFFSET,
                    DATA_TYPE_UINT64, stateoroffset,
                    FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_ZIO_SIZE,
                    DATA_TYPE_UINT64, size, NULL);
            else
                fm_payload_set(ereport,
                    FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_ZIO_OFFSET,
                    DATA_TYPE_UINT64, zio->io_offset,
                    FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_ZIO_SIZE,
                    DATA_TYPE_UINT64, zio->io_size, NULL);
        }

        /*
         * Payload for I/Os with corresponding logical information.
         */
        if (zio->io_logical != NULL)
            fm_payload_set(ereport,
                FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_ZIO_OBJSET,
                DATA_TYPE_UINT64,
                zio->io_logical->io_bookmark.zb_objset,
                FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_ZIO_OBJECT,
                DATA_TYPE_UINT64,
                zio->io_logical->io_bookmark.zb_object,
                FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_ZIO_LEVEL,
                DATA_TYPE_INT64,
                zio->io_logical->io_bookmark.zb_level,
                FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_ZIO_BLKID,
                DATA_TYPE_UINT64,
                zio->io_logical->io_bookmark.zb_blkid, NULL);
    } else if (vd != NULL) {
        /*
         * If we have a vdev but no zio, this is a device fault, and the
         * 'stateoroffset' parameter indicates the previous state of the
         * vdev.
         */
        fm_payload_set(ereport,
            FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_PREV_STATE,
            DATA_TYPE_UINT64, stateoroffset, NULL);
    }

    mutex_exit(&spa->spa_errlist_lock);

    *ereport_out = ereport;
    *detector_out = detector;
}

/* if it's <= 128 bytes, save the corruption directly */
#define ZFM_MAX_INLINE      (128 / sizeof (uint64_t))

#define MAX_RANGES      16

typedef struct zfs_ecksum_info {
    /* histograms of set and cleared bits by bit number in a 64-bit word */
    uint16_t zei_histogram_set[sizeof (uint64_t) * NBBY];
    uint16_t zei_histogram_cleared[sizeof (uint64_t) * NBBY];

    /* inline arrays of bits set and cleared. */
    uint64_t zei_bits_set[ZFM_MAX_INLINE];
    uint64_t zei_bits_cleared[ZFM_MAX_INLINE];

    /*
     * for each range, the number of bits set and cleared.  The Hamming
     * distance between the good and bad buffers is the sum of them all.
     */
    uint32_t zei_range_sets[MAX_RANGES];
    uint32_t zei_range_clears[MAX_RANGES];

    struct zei_ranges {
        uint32_t    zr_start;
        uint32_t    zr_end;
    } zei_ranges[MAX_RANGES];

    size_t  zei_range_count;
    uint32_t zei_mingap;
    uint32_t zei_allowed_mingap;

} zfs_ecksum_info_t;

static void
update_histogram(uint64_t value_arg, uint16_t *hist, uint32_t *count)
{
    size_t i;
    size_t bits = 0;
    uint64_t value = BE_64(value_arg);

    /* We store the bits in big-endian (largest-first) order */
    for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
        if (value & (1ull << i)) {
            hist[63 - i]++;
            ++bits;
        }
    }
    /* update the count of bits changed */
    *count += bits;
}

/*
 * We've now filled up the range array, and need to increase "mingap" and
 * shrink the range list accordingly.  zei_mingap is always the smallest
 * distance between array entries, so we set the new_allowed_gap to be
 * one greater than that.  We then go through the list, joining together
 * any ranges which are closer than the new_allowed_gap.
 *
 * By construction, there will be at least one.  We also update zei_mingap
 * to the new smallest gap, to prepare for our next invocation.
 */
static void
shrink_ranges(zfs_ecksum_info_t *eip)
{
    uint32_t mingap = UINT32_MAX;
    uint32_t new_allowed_gap = eip->zei_mingap + 1;

    size_t idx, output;
    size_t max = eip->zei_range_count;

    struct zei_ranges *r = eip->zei_ranges;

    ASSERT3U(eip->zei_range_count, >, 0);
    ASSERT3U(eip->zei_range_count, <=, MAX_RANGES);

    output = idx = 0;
    while (idx < max - 1) {
        uint32_t start = r[idx].zr_start;
        uint32_t end = r[idx].zr_end;

        while (idx < max - 1) {
            idx++;

            uint32_t nstart = r[idx].zr_start;
            uint32_t nend = r[idx].zr_end;

            uint32_t gap = nstart - end;
            if (gap < new_allowed_gap) {
                end = nend;
                continue;
            }
            if (gap < mingap)
                mingap = gap;
            break;
        }
        r[output].zr_start = start;
        r[output].zr_end = end;
        output++;
    }
    ASSERT3U(output, <, eip->zei_range_count);
    eip->zei_range_count = output;
    eip->zei_mingap = mingap;
    eip->zei_allowed_mingap = new_allowed_gap;
}

static void
add_range(zfs_ecksum_info_t *eip, int start, int end)
{
    struct zei_ranges *r = eip->zei_ranges;
    size_t count = eip->zei_range_count;

    if (count >= MAX_RANGES) {
        shrink_ranges(eip);
        count = eip->zei_range_count;
    }
    if (count == 0) {
        eip->zei_mingap = UINT32_MAX;
        eip->zei_allowed_mingap = 1;
    } else {
        int gap = start - r[count - 1].zr_end;

        if (gap < eip->zei_allowed_mingap) {
            r[count - 1].zr_end = end;
            return;
        }
        if (gap < eip->zei_mingap)
            eip->zei_mingap = gap;
    }
    r[count].zr_start = start;
    r[count].zr_end = end;
    eip->zei_range_count++;
}

static size_t
range_total_size(zfs_ecksum_info_t *eip)
{
    struct zei_ranges *r = eip->zei_ranges;
    size_t count = eip->zei_range_count;
    size_t result = 0;
    size_t idx;

    for (idx = 0; idx < count; idx++)
        result += (r[idx].zr_end - r[idx].zr_start);

    return (result);
}

static zfs_ecksum_info_t *
annotate_ecksum(nvlist_t *ereport, zio_bad_cksum_t *info,
    const uint8_t *goodbuf, const uint8_t *badbuf, size_t size,
    boolean_t drop_if_identical)
{
    const uint64_t *good = (const uint64_t *)goodbuf;
    const uint64_t *bad = (const uint64_t *)badbuf;

    uint64_t allset = 0;
    uint64_t allcleared = 0;

    size_t nui64s = size / sizeof (uint64_t);

    size_t inline_size;
    int no_inline = 0;
    size_t idx;
    size_t range;

    size_t offset = 0;
    ssize_t start = -1;

    zfs_ecksum_info_t *eip = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*eip), KM_SLEEP);

    /* don't do any annotation for injected checksum errors */
    if (info != NULL && info->zbc_injected)
        return (eip);

    if (info != NULL && info->zbc_has_cksum) {
        fm_payload_set(ereport,
            FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_CKSUM_EXPECTED,
            DATA_TYPE_UINT64_ARRAY,
            sizeof (info->zbc_expected) / sizeof (uint64_t),
            (uint64_t *)&info->zbc_expected,
            FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_CKSUM_ACTUAL,
            DATA_TYPE_UINT64_ARRAY,
            sizeof (info->zbc_actual) / sizeof (uint64_t),
            (uint64_t *)&info->zbc_actual,
            FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_CKSUM_ALGO,
            DATA_TYPE_STRING,
            info->zbc_checksum_name,
            NULL);

        if (info->zbc_byteswapped) {
            fm_payload_set(ereport,
                FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_CKSUM_BYTESWAP,
                DATA_TYPE_BOOLEAN, 1,
                NULL);
        }
    }

    if (badbuf == NULL || goodbuf == NULL)
        return (eip);

    ASSERT3U(nui64s, <=, UINT16_MAX);
    ASSERT3U(size, ==, nui64s * sizeof (uint64_t));
    ASSERT3U(size, <=, SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE);
    ASSERT3U(size, <=, UINT32_MAX);

    /* build up the range list by comparing the two buffers. */
    for (idx = 0; idx < nui64s; idx++) {
        if (good[idx] == bad[idx]) {
            if (start == -1)
                continue;

            add_range(eip, start, idx);
            start = -1;
        } else {
            if (start != -1)
                continue;

            start = idx;
        }
    }
    if (start != -1)
        add_range(eip, start, idx);

    /* See if it will fit in our inline buffers */
    inline_size = range_total_size(eip);
    if (inline_size > ZFM_MAX_INLINE)
        no_inline = 1;

    /*
     * If there is no change and we want to drop if the buffers are
     * identical, do so.
     */
    if (inline_size == 0 && drop_if_identical) {
        kmem_free(eip, sizeof (*eip));
        return (NULL);
    }

    /*
     * Now walk through the ranges, filling in the details of the
     * differences.  Also convert our uint64_t-array offsets to byte
     * offsets.
     */
    for (range = 0; range < eip->zei_range_count; range++) {
        size_t start = eip->zei_ranges[range].zr_start;
        size_t end = eip->zei_ranges[range].zr_end;

        for (idx = start; idx < end; idx++) {
            uint64_t set, cleared;

            // bits set in bad, but not in good
            set = ((~good[idx]) & bad[idx]);
            // bits set in good, but not in bad
            cleared = (good[idx] & (~bad[idx]));

            allset |= set;
            allcleared |= cleared;

            if (!no_inline) {
                ASSERT3U(offset, <, inline_size);
                eip->zei_bits_set[offset] = set;
                eip->zei_bits_cleared[offset] = cleared;
                offset++;
            }

            update_histogram(set, eip->zei_histogram_set,
                &eip->zei_range_sets[range]);
            update_histogram(cleared, eip->zei_histogram_cleared,
                &eip->zei_range_clears[range]);
        }

        /* convert to byte offsets */
        eip->zei_ranges[range].zr_start *= sizeof (uint64_t);
        eip->zei_ranges[range].zr_end   *= sizeof (uint64_t);
    }
    eip->zei_allowed_mingap *= sizeof (uint64_t);
    inline_size     *= sizeof (uint64_t);

    /* fill in ereport */
    fm_payload_set(ereport,
        FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_BAD_OFFSET_RANGES,
        DATA_TYPE_UINT32_ARRAY, 2 * eip->zei_range_count,
        (uint32_t *)eip->zei_ranges,
        FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_BAD_RANGE_MIN_GAP,
        DATA_TYPE_UINT32, eip->zei_allowed_mingap,
        FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_BAD_RANGE_SETS,
        DATA_TYPE_UINT32_ARRAY, eip->zei_range_count, eip->zei_range_sets,
        FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_BAD_RANGE_CLEARS,
        DATA_TYPE_UINT32_ARRAY, eip->zei_range_count, eip->zei_range_clears,
        NULL);

    if (!no_inline) {
        fm_payload_set(ereport,
            FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_BAD_SET_BITS,
            DATA_TYPE_UINT8_ARRAY,
            inline_size, (uint8_t *)eip->zei_bits_set,
            FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_BAD_CLEARED_BITS,
            DATA_TYPE_UINT8_ARRAY,
            inline_size, (uint8_t *)eip->zei_bits_cleared,
            NULL);
    } else {
        fm_payload_set(ereport,
            FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_BAD_SET_HISTOGRAM,
            DATA_TYPE_UINT16_ARRAY,
            NBBY * sizeof (uint64_t), eip->zei_histogram_set,
            FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_BAD_CLEARED_HISTOGRAM,
            DATA_TYPE_UINT16_ARRAY,
            NBBY * sizeof (uint64_t), eip->zei_histogram_cleared,
            NULL);
    }
    return (eip);
}
#endif

void
zfs_ereport_post(const char *subclass, spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd, zio_t *zio,
    uint64_t stateoroffset, uint64_t size)
{
#ifdef _KERNEL
    nvlist_t *ereport = NULL;
    nvlist_t *detector = NULL;

    zfs_ereport_start(&ereport, &detector,
        subclass, spa, vd, zio, stateoroffset, size);

    if (ereport == NULL)
        return;

    fm_ereport_post(ereport, EVCH_SLEEP);

    fm_nvlist_destroy(ereport, FM_NVA_FREE);
    fm_nvlist_destroy(detector, FM_NVA_FREE);
#endif
}

void
zfs_ereport_start_checksum(spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd,
    struct zio *zio, uint64_t offset, uint64_t length, void *arg,
    zio_bad_cksum_t *info)
{
    zio_cksum_report_t *report = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*report), KM_SLEEP);

    if (zio->io_vsd != NULL)
        zio->io_vsd_ops->vsd_cksum_report(zio, report, arg);
    else
        zio_vsd_default_cksum_report(zio, report, arg);

    /* copy the checksum failure information if it was provided */
    if (info != NULL) {
        report->zcr_ckinfo = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (*info), KM_SLEEP);
        bcopy(info, report->zcr_ckinfo, sizeof (*info));
    }

    report->zcr_length = length;

#ifdef _KERNEL
    zfs_ereport_start(&report->zcr_ereport, &report->zcr_detector,
        FM_EREPORT_ZFS_CHECKSUM, spa, vd, zio, offset, length);

    if (report->zcr_ereport == NULL) {
        report->zcr_free(report->zcr_cbdata, report->zcr_cbinfo);
        kmem_free(report, sizeof (*report));
        return;
    }
#endif

    mutex_enter(&spa->spa_errlist_lock);
    report->zcr_next = zio->io_logical->io_cksum_report;
    zio->io_logical->io_cksum_report = report;
    mutex_exit(&spa->spa_errlist_lock);
}

void
zfs_ereport_finish_checksum(zio_cksum_report_t *report,
    const void *good_data, const void *bad_data, boolean_t drop_if_identical)
{
#ifdef _KERNEL
    zfs_ecksum_info_t *info = NULL;
    info = annotate_ecksum(report->zcr_ereport, report->zcr_ckinfo,
        good_data, bad_data, report->zcr_length, drop_if_identical);

    if (info != NULL)
        fm_ereport_post(report->zcr_ereport, EVCH_SLEEP);

    fm_nvlist_destroy(report->zcr_ereport, FM_NVA_FREE);
    fm_nvlist_destroy(report->zcr_detector, FM_NVA_FREE);
    report->zcr_ereport = report->zcr_detector = NULL;

    if (info != NULL)
        kmem_free(info, sizeof (*info));
#endif
}

void
zfs_ereport_free_checksum(zio_cksum_report_t *rpt)
{
#ifdef _KERNEL
    if (rpt->zcr_ereport != NULL) {
        fm_nvlist_destroy(rpt->zcr_ereport,
            FM_NVA_FREE);
        fm_nvlist_destroy(rpt->zcr_detector,
            FM_NVA_FREE);
    }
#endif
    rpt->zcr_free(rpt->zcr_cbdata, rpt->zcr_cbinfo);

    if (rpt->zcr_ckinfo != NULL)
        kmem_free(rpt->zcr_ckinfo, sizeof (*rpt->zcr_ckinfo));

    kmem_free(rpt, sizeof (*rpt));
}

void
zfs_ereport_send_interim_checksum(zio_cksum_report_t *report)
{
#ifdef _KERNEL
    fm_ereport_post(report->zcr_ereport, EVCH_SLEEP);
#endif
}

void
zfs_ereport_post_checksum(spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd,
    struct zio *zio, uint64_t offset, uint64_t length,
    const void *good_data, const void *bad_data, zio_bad_cksum_t *zbc)
{
#ifdef _KERNEL
    nvlist_t *ereport = NULL;
    nvlist_t *detector = NULL;
    zfs_ecksum_info_t *info;

    zfs_ereport_start(&ereport, &detector,
        FM_EREPORT_ZFS_CHECKSUM, spa, vd, zio, offset, length);

    if (ereport == NULL)
        return;

    info = annotate_ecksum(ereport, zbc, good_data, bad_data, length,
        B_FALSE);

    if (info != NULL)
        fm_ereport_post(ereport, EVCH_SLEEP);

    fm_nvlist_destroy(ereport, FM_NVA_FREE);
    fm_nvlist_destroy(detector, FM_NVA_FREE);

    if (info != NULL)
        kmem_free(info, sizeof (*info));
#endif
}

static void
zfs_post_common(spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd, const char *name)
{
#ifdef _KERNEL
    nvlist_t *resource;
    char class[64];

    if (spa->spa_load_state == SPA_LOAD_TRYIMPORT)
        return;

    if ((resource = fm_nvlist_create(NULL)) == NULL)
        return;

    (void) snprintf(class, sizeof (class), "%s.%s.%s", FM_RSRC_RESOURCE,
        ZFS_ERROR_CLASS, name);
    VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint8(resource, FM_VERSION, FM_RSRC_VERSION) == 0);
    VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(resource, FM_CLASS, class) == 0);
    VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(resource,
        FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_POOL_GUID, spa_guid(spa)) == 0);
    if (vd)
        VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(resource,
            FM_EREPORT_PAYLOAD_ZFS_VDEV_GUID, vd->vdev_guid) == 0);

    fm_ereport_post(resource, EVCH_SLEEP);

    fm_nvlist_destroy(resource, FM_NVA_FREE);
#endif
}

/*
 * The 'resource.fs.zfs.removed' event is an internal signal that the given vdev
 * has been removed from the system.  This will cause the DE to ignore any
 * recent I/O errors, inferring that they are due to the asynchronous device
 * removal.
 */
void
zfs_post_remove(spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd)
{
    zfs_post_common(spa, vd, FM_RESOURCE_REMOVED);
}

/*
 * The 'resource.fs.zfs.autoreplace' event is an internal signal that the pool
 * has the 'autoreplace' property set, and therefore any broken vdevs will be
 * handled by higher level logic, and no vdev fault should be generated.
 */
void
zfs_post_autoreplace(spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd)
{
    zfs_post_common(spa, vd, FM_RESOURCE_AUTOREPLACE);
}

/*
 * The 'resource.fs.zfs.statechange' event is an internal signal that the
 * given vdev has transitioned its state to DEGRADED or HEALTHY.  This will
 * cause the retire agent to repair any outstanding fault management cases
 * open because the device was not found (fault.fs.zfs.device).
 */
void
zfs_post_state_change(spa_t *spa, vdev_t *vd)
{
    zfs_post_common(spa, vd, FM_RESOURCE_STATECHANGE);
}