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fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<title>mod_rewrite - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
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182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick<div id="page-content">
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_rewrite</h1>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick<div class="toplang">
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="/en/mod/mod_rewrite.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<a href="/fr/mod/mod_rewrite.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Fran�ais">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a></p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick</div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Provides a rule-based rewriting engine to rewrite requested
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawickURLs on the fly</td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module�Identifier:</a></th><td>rewrite_module</td></tr>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source�File:</a></th><td>mod_rewrite.c</td></tr></table>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick<h3>Summary</h3>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick <p>The <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> module uses a rule-based rewriting
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick engine, based on a regular-expression parser, to rewrite requested URLs on
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick the fly. By default, <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> maps a URL to a filesystem
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick path. However, it can also be used to redirect one URL to another URL, or
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick to invoke an internal proxy fetch.</p>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick <p><code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> provides a flexible and powerful way to
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick manipulate URLs using an unlimited number of rules. Each rule can have an
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick unlimited number of attached rule conditions, to allow you to rewrite URL
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick based on server variables, environment variables, HTTP headers, or time
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick stamps.</p>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick <p><code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> operates on the full URL path, including the
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick path-info section. A rewrite rule can be invoked in
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick <code>httpd.conf</code> or in <code>.htaccess</code>. The path generated
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick by a rewrite rule can include a query string, or can lead to internal
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick sub-processing, external request redirection, or internal proxy
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick throughput.</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>Further details, discussion, and examples, are provided in the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <a href="/rewrite/">detailed mod_rewrite documentation</a>.</p>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick</div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick<ul id="toc">
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#rewritebase">RewriteBase</a></li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></li>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#rewriteengine">RewriteEngine</a></li>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#rewritemap">RewriteMap</a></li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#rewriteoptions">RewriteOptions</a></li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick</ul>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<h3>Topics</h3>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<ul id="topics">
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#logging">Logging</a></li>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick</ul></div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<div class="section">
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<h2><a name="logging" id="logging">Logging</a></h2>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p><code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> offers detailed logging of its actions
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick at the <code>trace1</code> to <code>trace8</code> log levels. The
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick log level can be set specifically for <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code>
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick using the <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#loglevel">LogLevel</a></code> directive: Up to
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick level <code>debug</code>, no actions are logged, while <code>trace8</code>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick means that practically all actions are logged.</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <div class="note">
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick Using a high trace log level for <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick will slow down your Apache HTTP Server dramatically! Use a log
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick level higher than <code>trace2</code> only for debugging!
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick </div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick LogLevel alert rewrite:trace3
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </code></p></div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <div class="note"><h3>RewriteLog</h3>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>Those familiar with earlier versions of
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> will no doubt be looking for the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>RewriteLog</code> and <code>RewriteLogLevel</code>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick directives. This functionality has been completely replaced by the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick new per-module logging configuration mentioned above.
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>To get just the <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code>-specific log
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick messages, pipe the log file through grep:</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <div class="example"><p><code>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick tail -f error_log|fgrep '[rewrite:'
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </code></p></div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick</div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RewriteBase" id="RewriteBase">RewriteBase</a> <a name="rewritebase" id="rewritebase">Directive</a></h2>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<table class="directive">
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets the base URL for per-directory rewrites</td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RewriteBase <em>URL-path</em></code></td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>None</code></td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_rewrite</td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick</table>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>The <code class="directive">RewriteBase</code> directive explicitly
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick sets the base URL-path (not filesystem directory path!) for per-directory rewrites
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick that result in the substitution of a relative path.
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick When you use a <code class="directive"><a href="#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick in a <code>.htaccess</code> file, <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> strips off
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the local directory prefix before processing, then rewrites the rest of
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the URL. When the rewrite is completed, <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick automatically adds the local directory prefix (or the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code class="directive">RewriteBase</code> when set) back on to the substitution
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick before handing it back to the core of the server as if it were the original
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick URL.</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>This directive is <em>required</em> for per-directory rewrites whose context
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick is a directory made available via the <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_alias.html#alias">Alias</a></code>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick directive, when the substitution uses a relative path.</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>If your URL path does not exist verbatim on the filesystem,
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick or isn't directly under your <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>,
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick you must use <code class="directive">RewriteBase</code> in every
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>.htaccess</code> file where you want to use <code class="directive"><a href="#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code> directives.</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>The example below demonstrates how to map
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick http://example.com/myapp/index.html to
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick /home/www/example/newsite.html, in a <code>.htaccess</code> file. This
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick assumes that the content available at
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick http://example.com/ is on disk at /home/www/example/</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<div class="example"><pre>
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawickRewriteEngine On
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick# The URL-path used to get to this context, not the filesystem path
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawickRewriteBase /myapp/
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawickRewriteRule ^index\.html$ newsite.html
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick</pre></div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick</div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RewriteCond" id="RewriteCond">RewriteCond</a> <a name="rewritecond" id="rewritecond">Directive</a></h2>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<table class="directive">
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Defines a condition under which rewriting will take place
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick</td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code> RewriteCond
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <em>TestString</em> <em>CondPattern</em></code></td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_rewrite</td></tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick</table>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>The <code class="directive">RewriteCond</code> directive defines a
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick rule condition. One or more <code class="directive">RewriteCond</code>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick can precede a <code class="directive"><a href="#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick directive. The following rule is then only used if both
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the current state of the URI matches its pattern, <strong>and</strong> if these conditions are met.</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p><em>TestString</em> is a string which can contain the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick following expanded constructs in addition to plain text:</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <ul>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>RewriteRule backreferences</strong>: These are
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick backreferences of the form <strong><code>$N</code></strong>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick (0 &lt;= N &lt;= 9). $1 to $9 provide access to the grouped
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick parts (in parentheses) of the pattern, from the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>RewriteRule</code> which is subject to the current
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick set of <code>RewriteCond</code> conditions. $0 provides
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick access to the whole string matched by that pattern.
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>RewriteCond backreferences</strong>: These are
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick backreferences of the form <strong><code>%N</code></strong>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick (0 &lt;= N &lt;= 9). %1 to %9 provide access to the grouped
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick parts (again, in parentheses) of the pattern, from the last matched
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>RewriteCond</code> in the current set
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick of conditions. %0 provides access to the whole string matched by
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick that pattern.
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>RewriteMap expansions</strong>: These are
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick expansions of the form <strong><code>${mapname:key|default}</code></strong>.
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick See <a href="#mapfunc">the documentation for
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick RewriteMap</a> for more details.
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>Server-Variables</strong>: These are variables of
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the form
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong><code>%{</code> <em>NAME_OF_VARIABLE</em>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>}</code></strong>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick where <em>NAME_OF_VARIABLE</em> can be a string taken
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick from the following list:
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <table>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <tr>
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick <th>HTTP headers:</th> <th>connection &amp; request:</th> <th />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <td>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick HTTP_USER_AGENT<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick HTTP_REFERER<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick HTTP_COOKIE<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick HTTP_FORWARDED<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick HTTP_HOST<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick HTTP_PROXY_CONNECTION<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick HTTP_ACCEPT<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </td>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <td>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick REMOTE_ADDR<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick REMOTE_HOST<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick REMOTE_PORT<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick REMOTE_USER<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick REMOTE_IDENT<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick REQUEST_METHOD<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick SCRIPT_FILENAME<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick PATH_INFO<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick QUERY_STRING<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick AUTH_TYPE<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </td>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <td />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <th>server internals:</th> <th>date and time:</th> <th>specials:</th>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </tr>
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick <tr>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick <td>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick DOCUMENT_ROOT<br />
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick SERVER_ADMIN<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick SERVER_NAME<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick SERVER_ADDR<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick SERVER_PORT<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick SERVER_PROTOCOL<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick SERVER_SOFTWARE<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </td>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <td>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick TIME_YEAR<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick TIME_MON<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick TIME_DAY<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick TIME_HOUR<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick TIME_MIN<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick TIME_SEC<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick TIME_WDAY<br />
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick TIME<br />
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick </td>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick <td>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick API_VERSION<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick THE_REQUEST<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick REQUEST_URI<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick REQUEST_FILENAME<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick IS_SUBREQ<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick HTTPS<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick REQUEST_SCHEME<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </td>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </tr>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </table>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick <p>These variables all
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick correspond to the similarly named HTTP
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick MIME-headers, C variables of the Apache HTTP Server or
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick <code>struct tm</code> fields of the Unix system.
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick Most are documented elsewhere in the Manual or in
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the CGI specification.</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>SERVER_NAME and SERVER_PORT depend on the values of
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a></code> and
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#usecanonicalphysicalport">UseCanonicalPhysicalPort</a></code>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick respectively.</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>Those that are special to mod_rewrite include those below.</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <div class="note">
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dl>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dt><code>IS_SUBREQ</code></dt>
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick <dd>Will contain the text "true" if the request
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick currently being processed is a sub-request,
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick "false" otherwise. Sub-requests may be generated
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick by modules that need to resolve additional files
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick or URIs in order to complete their tasks.</dd>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dt><code>API_VERSION</code></dt>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dd>This is the version of the Apache httpd module API
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick (the internal interface between server and
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick module) in the current httpd build, as defined in
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick include/ap_mmn.h. The module API version
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick corresponds to the version of Apache httpd in use (in
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the release version of Apache httpd 1.3.14, for
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick instance, it is 19990320:10), but is mainly of
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick interest to module authors.</dd>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dt><code>THE_REQUEST</code></dt>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dd>The full HTTP request line sent by the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick browser to the server (e.g., "<code>GET
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick /index.html HTTP/1.1</code>"). This does not
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick include any additional headers sent by the
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick browser. This value has not been unescaped
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick (decoded), unlike most other variables below.</dd>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dt><code>REQUEST_URI</code></dt>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dd>The path component of the requested URI,
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick such as "/index.html". This notably excludes the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick query string which is available as as its own variable
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick named <code>QUERY_STRING</code>.</dd>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dt><code>REQUEST_FILENAME</code></dt>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dd>The full local filesystem path to the file or
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick script matching the request, if this has already
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick been determined by the server at the time
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>REQUEST_FILENAME</code> is referenced. Otherwise,
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick such as when used in virtual host context, the same
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick value as <code>REQUEST_URI</code>.</dd>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dt><code>HTTPS</code></dt>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dd>Will contain the text "on" if the connection is
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick using SSL/TLS, or "off" otherwise. (This variable
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick can be safely used regardless of whether or not
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code> is loaded).</dd>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dt><code>REQUEST_SCHEME</code></dt>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <dd>Will contain the scheme of the request (ususally
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick "http" or "https"). This value can be influenced with
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code>.</dd>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </dl>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick</div>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </ul>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>If the <em>TestString</em> has the special value <code>expr</code>, the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <em>CondPattern</em> will be treated as a
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <a href="/expr.html">ap_expr</a>.</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>Other things you should be aware of:</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <ol>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>The variables SCRIPT_FILENAME and REQUEST_FILENAME
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick contain the same value - the value of the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>filename</code> field of the internal
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>request_rec</code> structure of the Apache HTTP Server.
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick The first name is the commonly known CGI variable name
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick while the second is the appropriate counterpart of
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick REQUEST_URI (which contains the value of the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>uri</code> field of <code>request_rec</code>).</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>If a substitution occurred and the rewriting continues,
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the value of both variables will be updated accordingly.</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>If used in per-server context (<em>i.e.</em>, before the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick request is mapped to the filesystem) SCRIPT_FILENAME and
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick REQUEST_FILENAME cannot contain the full local filesystem
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick path since the path is unknown at this stage of processing.
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick Both variables will initially contain the value of REQUEST_URI
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick in that case. In order to obtain the full local filesystem
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick path of the request in per-server context, use an URL-based
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick look-ahead <code>%{LA-U:REQUEST_FILENAME}</code> to determine
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the final value of REQUEST_FILENAME.</p></li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>%{ENV:variable}</code>, where <em>variable</em> can be
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick any environment variable, is also available.
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick This is looked-up via internal
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick Apache httpd structures and (if not found there) via
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>getenv()</code> from the Apache httpd server process.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>%{SSL:variable}</code>, where <em>variable</em> is the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick name of an <a href="mod_ssl.html#envvars">SSL environment
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick variable</a>, can be used whether or not
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code> is loaded, but will always expand to
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the empty string if it is not. Example:
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>%{SSL:SSL_CIPHER_USEKEYSIZE}</code> may expand to
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>128</code>.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>%{HTTP:header}</code>, where <em>header</em> can be
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick any HTTP MIME-header name, can always be used to obtain the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick value of a header sent in the HTTP request.
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick Example: <code>%{HTTP:Proxy-Connection}</code> is
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the value of the HTTP header
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick ``<code>Proxy-Connection:</code>''.
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>If a HTTP header is used in a condition this header is added to
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the Vary header of the response in case the condition evaluates to
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick to true for the request. It is <strong>not</strong> added if the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick condition evaluates to false for the request. Adding the HTTP header
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick to the Vary header of the response is needed for proper caching.</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>It has to be kept in mind that conditions follow a short circuit
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick logic in the case of the '<strong><code>ornext|OR</code></strong>' flag
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick so that certain conditions might not be evaluated at all.</p></li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>%{LA-U:variable}</code> can be used for look-aheads which perform
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick an internal (URL-based) sub-request to determine the final
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick value of <em>variable</em>. This can be used to access
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick variable for rewriting which is not available at the current
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick stage, but will be set in a later phase.
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>For instance, to rewrite according to the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>REMOTE_USER</code> variable from within the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick per-server context (<code>httpd.conf</code> file) you must
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick use <code>%{LA-U:REMOTE_USER}</code> - this
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick variable is set by the authorization phases, which come
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <em>after</em> the URL translation phase (during which mod_rewrite
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick operates).</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p>On the other hand, because mod_rewrite implements
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick its per-directory context (<code>.htaccess</code> file) via
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the Fixup phase of the API and because the authorization
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick phases come <em>before</em> this phase, you just can use
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>%{REMOTE_USER}</code> in that context.</p></li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <code>%{LA-F:variable}</code> can be used to perform an internal
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick (filename-based) sub-request, to determine the final value
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick of <em>variable</em>. Most of the time, this is the same as
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick LA-U above.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </ol>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <p><em>CondPattern</em> is the condition pattern,
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick a regular expression which is applied to the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick current instance of the <em>TestString</em>.
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <em>TestString</em> is first evaluated, before being matched against
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <em>CondPattern</em>.</p>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick <p><em>CondPattern</em> is usually a
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <em>perl compatible regular expression</em>, but there is
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick additional syntax available to perform other useful tests against
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick the <em>Teststring</em>:</p>
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick <ol>
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick <li>You can prefix the pattern string with a
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick '<code>!</code>' character (exclamation mark) to specify a
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick <strong>non</strong>-matching pattern.</li>
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick <li>
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick You can perform lexicographical string comparisons:
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick <ul>
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick <li>'<strong>&lt;CondPattern</strong>' (lexicographically
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick precedes)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick Treats the <em>CondPattern</em> as a plain string and
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick compares it lexicographically to <em>TestString</em>. True if
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick <em>TestString</em> lexicographically precedes
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <em>CondPattern</em>.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>&gt;CondPattern</strong>' (lexicographically
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick follows)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick Treats the <em>CondPattern</em> as a plain string and
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick compares it lexicographically to <em>TestString</em>. True if
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <em>TestString</em> lexicographically follows
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <em>CondPattern</em>.</li>
88c0d6d1cfdecfa8c2b6d7ae2482f06755cd7887trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>=CondPattern</strong>' (lexicographically
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick equal)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick Treats the <em>CondPattern</em> as a plain string and
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick compares it lexicographically to <em>TestString</em>. True if
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <em>TestString</em> is lexicographically equal to
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <em>CondPattern</em> (the two strings are exactly
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick equal, character for character). If <em>CondPattern</em>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick is <code>""</code> (two quotation marks) this
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick compares <em>TestString</em> to the empty string.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>&lt;=CondPattern</strong>' (lexicographically
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick less than or equal to)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick Treats the <em>CondPattern</em> as a plain string and
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick compares it lexicographically to <em>TestString</em>. True
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick if <em>TestString</em> lexicographically precedes
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <em>CondPattern</em>, or is equal to <em>CondPattern</em>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick (the two strings are equal, character for character).</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>&gt;=CondPattern</strong>' (lexicographically
182d9b96e04124d14c9f539109fb4e8cbd360d36trawick greater than or equal to)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick Treats the <em>CondPattern</em> as a plain string and
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick compares it lexicographically to <em>TestString</em>. True
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick if <em>TestString</em> lexicographically follows
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <em>CondPattern</em>, or is equal to <em>CondPattern</em>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick (the two strings are equal, character for character).</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </ul></li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick You can perform integer comparisons:
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <ul>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>-eq</strong>' (is numerically
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>eq</strong>ual to)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick The <em>TestString</em> is treated as an integer, and is
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick numerically compared to the <em>CondPattern</em>. True if
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the two are numerically equal.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>-ge</strong>' (is numerically
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>g</strong>reater than or <strong>e</strong>qual to)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick The <em>TestString</em> is treated as an integer, and is
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick numerically compared to the <em>CondPattern</em>. True if
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the <em>TestString</em> is numerically greater than or equal
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick to the <em>CondPattern</em>.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>-gt</strong>' (is numerically
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>g</strong>reater <strong>t</strong>han)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick The <em>TestString</em> is treated as an integer, and is
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick numerically compared to the <em>CondPattern</em>. True if
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the <em>TestString</em> is numerically greater than
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the <em>CondPattern</em>.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>-le</strong>' (is numerically
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>l</strong>ess than or <strong>e</strong>qual to)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick The <em>TestString</em> is treated as an integer, and is
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick numerically compared to the <em>CondPattern</em>. True if
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the <em>TestString</em> is numerically less than or equal
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick to the <em>CondPattern</em>. Avoid confusion with the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>-l</strong> by using the <strong>-L</strong> or
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>-h</strong> variant.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>-lt</strong>' (is numerically
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>l</strong>ess <strong>t</strong>han)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick The <em>TestString</em> is treated as an integer, and is
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick numerically compared to the <em>CondPattern</em>. True if
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the <em>TestString</em> is numerically less than
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick the <em>CondPattern</em>. Avoid confusion with the
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>-l</strong> by using the <strong>-L</strong> or
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>-h</strong> variant.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </ul>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick </li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>You can perform various file attribute tests:
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <ul>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>-d</strong>' (is
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>d</strong>irectory)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick Treats the <em>TestString</em> as a pathname and tests
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick whether or not it exists, and is a directory.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>-f</strong>' (is regular
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>f</strong>ile)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick Treats the <em>TestString</em> as a pathname and tests
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick whether or not it exists, and is a regular file.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>-F</strong>' (is existing file, via
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick subrequest)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick Checks whether or not <em>TestString</em> is a valid file,
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick accessible via all the server's currently-configured
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick access controls for that path. This uses an internal
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick subrequest to do the check, so use it with care -
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick it can impact your server's performance!</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>-H</strong>' (is symbolic link, bash convention)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick See <strong>-l</strong>.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>-l</strong>' (is symbolic
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>l</strong>ink)<br />
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick Treats the <em>TestString</em> as a pathname and tests
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick whether or not it exists, and is a symbolic link. May also
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick use the bash convention of <strong>-L</strong> or
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>-h</strong> if there's a possibility of confusion
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick such as when using the <strong>-lt</strong> or
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <strong>-le</strong> tests.</li>
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick
fcd5c4e9e126e867eb270ed2d4138348cb1e46e5trawick <li>'<strong>-L</strong>' (is symbolic link, bash convention)<br />
See <strong>-l</strong>.</li>
<li>'<strong>-s</strong>' (is regular file, with
<strong>s</strong>ize)<br />
Treats the <em>TestString</em> as a pathname and tests
whether or not it exists, and is a regular file with size greater
than zero.</li>
<li>'<strong>-U</strong>' (is existing URL, via
subrequest)<br />
Checks whether or not <em>TestString</em> is a valid URL,
accessible via all the server's currently-configured
access controls for that path. This uses an internal
subrequest to do the check, so use it with care -
it can impact your server's performance!</li>
<li>'<strong>-x</strong>' (has e<strong>x</strong>ecutable
permissions)<br />
Treats the <em>TestString</em> as a pathname and tests
whether or not it exists, and has executable permissions.
These permissions are determined according to
the underlying OS.</li>
</ul>
<div class="note"><h3>Note:</h3>
All of these tests can
also be prefixed by an exclamation mark ('!') to
negate their meaning.
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the <em>TestString</em> has the special value <code>expr</code>, the
<em>CondPattern</em> will be treated as a
<a href="/expr.html">ap_expr</a>.</p>
<p>
In the below example, <code>-strmatch</code> is used to
compare the <code>REFERER</code> against the site hostname,
to block unwanted hotlinking.
</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
RewriteCond expr "! %{HTTP_REFERER} -strmatch '*://%{HTTP_HOST}/*'"<br />
RewriteRule ^/images - [F]
</code></p></div>
</li>
<li>You can also set special flags for
<em>CondPattern</em> by appending
<strong><code>[</code><em>flags</em><code>]</code></strong>
as the third argument to the <code>RewriteCond</code>
directive, where <em>flags</em> is a comma-separated list of any of the
following flags:
<ul>
<li>'<strong><code>nocase|NC</code></strong>'
(<strong>n</strong>o <strong>c</strong>ase)<br />
This makes the test case-insensitive - differences
between 'A-Z' and 'a-z' are ignored, both in the
expanded <em>TestString</em> and the <em>CondPattern</em>.
This flag is effective only for comparisons between
<em>TestString</em> and <em>CondPattern</em>. It has no
effect on filesystem and subrequest checks.</li>
<li>
'<strong><code>ornext|OR</code></strong>'
(<strong>or</strong> next condition)<br />
Use this to combine rule conditions with a local OR
instead of the implicit AND. Typical example:
<div class="example"><pre>
RewriteCond %{REMOTE_HOST} ^host1 [OR]
RewriteCond %{REMOTE_HOST} ^host2 [OR]
RewriteCond %{REMOTE_HOST} ^host3
RewriteRule ...some special stuff for any of these hosts...
</pre></div>
Without this flag you would have to write the condition/rule
pair three times.
</li>
<li>'<strong><code>novary|NV</code></strong>'
(<strong>n</strong>o <strong>v</strong>ary)<br />
If a HTTP header is used in the condition, this flag prevents
this header from being added to the Vary header of the response. <br />
Using this flag might break proper caching of the response if
the representation of this response varies on the value of this header.
So this flag should be only used if the meaning of the Vary header
is well understood.
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>Example:</strong></p>
<p>To rewrite the Homepage of a site according to the
``<code>User-Agent:</code>'' header of the request, you can
use the following: </p>
<div class="example"><pre>
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mozilla
RewriteRule ^/$ /homepage.max.html [L]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Lynx
RewriteRule ^/$ /homepage.min.html [L]
RewriteRule ^/$ /homepage.std.html [L]
</pre></div>
<p>Explanation: If you use a browser which identifies itself
as 'Mozilla' (including Netscape Navigator, Mozilla etc), then you
get the max homepage (which could include frames, or other special
features).
If you use the Lynx browser (which is terminal-based), then
you get the min homepage (which could be a version designed for
easy, text-only browsing).
If neither of these conditions apply (you use any other browser,
or your browser identifies itself as something non-standard), you get
the std (standard) homepage.</p>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RewriteEngine" id="RewriteEngine">RewriteEngine</a> <a name="rewriteengine" id="rewriteengine">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Enables or disables runtime rewriting engine</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RewriteEngine on|off</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>RewriteEngine off</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_rewrite</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">RewriteEngine</code> directive enables or
disables the runtime rewriting engine. If it is set to
<code>off</code> this module does no runtime processing at
all. It does not even update the <code>SCRIPT_URx</code>
environment variables.</p>
<p>Use this directive to disable the module instead of
commenting out all the <code class="directive"><a href="#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code> directives!</p>
<p>Note that rewrite configurations are not
inherited by virtual hosts. This means that you need to have a
<code>RewriteEngine on</code> directive for each virtual host
in which you wish to use rewrite rules.</p>
<p><code class="directive">RewriteMap</code> directives of the type <code>prg</code>
are not started during server initialization if they're defined in a
context that does not have <code class="directive">RewriteEngine</code> set to
<code>on</code></p>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RewriteMap" id="RewriteMap">RewriteMap</a> <a name="rewritemap" id="rewritemap">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Defines a mapping function for key-lookup</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RewriteMap <em>MapName</em> <em>MapType</em>:<em>MapSource</em>
</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_rewrite</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>The choice of different dbm types is available in
Apache HTTP Server 2.0.41 and later</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">RewriteMap</code> directive defines a
<em>Rewriting Map</em> which can be used inside rule
substitution strings by the mapping-functions to
insert/substitute fields through a key lookup. The source of
this lookup can be of various types.</p>
<p>The <a id="mapfunc" name="mapfunc"><em>MapName</em></a> is
the name of the map and will be used to specify a
mapping-function for the substitution strings of a rewriting
rule via one of the following constructs:</p>
<p class="indent">
<strong><code>${</code> <em>MapName</em> <code>:</code>
<em>LookupKey</em> <code>}</code><br />
<code>${</code> <em>MapName</em> <code>:</code>
<em>LookupKey</em> <code>|</code> <em>DefaultValue</em>
<code>}</code></strong>
</p>
<p>When such a construct occurs, the map <em>MapName</em> is
consulted and the key <em>LookupKey</em> is looked-up. If the
key is found, the map-function construct is substituted by
<em>SubstValue</em>. If the key is not found then it is
substituted by <em>DefaultValue</em> or by the empty string
if no <em>DefaultValue</em> was specified. Empty values
behave as if the key was absent, therefore it is not possible
to distinguish between empty-valued keys and absent keys.</p>
<p>For example, you might define a
<code class="directive">RewriteMap</code> as:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
RewriteMap examplemap txt:/path/to/file/map.txt
</code></p></div>
<p>You would then be able to use this map in a
<code class="directive">RewriteRule</code> as follows:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
RewriteRule ^/ex/(.*) ${examplemap:$1}
</code></p></div>
<p>The following combinations for <em>MapType</em> and
<em>MapSource</em> can be used:</p>
<dl>
<dt>txt</dt>
<dd>A plain text file containing space-separated key-value
pairs, one per line. (<a href="/rewrite/rewritemap.html#txt">Details ...</a>)</dd>
<dt>rnd</dt>
<dd>Randomly selects an entry from a plain text file (<a href="/rewrite/rewritemap.html#rnd">Details ...</a>)</dd>
<dt>dbm</dt>
<dd>Looks up an entry in a dbm file containing name, value
pairs. Hash is constructed from a plain text file format using
the <code><a href="/programs/httxt2dbm.html">httxt2dbm</a></code>
utility. (<a href="/rewrite/rewritemap.html#dbm">Details ...</a>)</dd>
<dt>int</dt>
<dd>One of the four available internal functions provided by
<code>RewriteMap</code>: toupper, tolower, escape or
unescape. (<a href="/rewrite/rewritemap.html#int">Details ...</a>)</dd>
<dt>prg</dt>
<dd>Calls an external program or script to process the
rewriting. (<a href="/rewrite/rewritemap.html#prg">Details ...</a>)</dd>
<dt>dbd or fastdbd</dt>
<dd>A SQL SELECT statement to be performed to look up the
rewrite target. (<a href="/rewrite/rewritemap.html#dbd">Details ...</a>)</dd>
</dl>
<p>Further details, and numerous examples, may be found in the <a href="/rewrite/rewritemap.html">RewriteMap HowTo</a></p>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RewriteOptions" id="RewriteOptions">RewriteOptions</a> <a name="rewriteoptions" id="rewriteoptions">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets some special options for the rewrite engine</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RewriteOptions <var>Options</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_rewrite</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td><code>MaxRedirects</code> is no longer available in version 2.1 and
later</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">RewriteOptions</code> directive sets some
special options for the current per-server or per-directory
configuration. The <em>Option</em> string can currently
only be one of the following:</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>Inherit</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>This forces the current configuration to inherit the
configuration of the parent. In per-virtual-server context,
this means that the maps, conditions and rules of the main
server are inherited. In per-directory context this means
that conditions and rules of the parent directory's
<code>.htaccess</code> configuration or
<code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#directory">&lt;Directory&gt;</a></code>
sections are inherited. The inherited rules are virtually copied
to the section where this directive is being used. If used in
combination with local rules, the inherited rules are copied behind
the local rules. The position of this directive - below or above
of local rules - has no influence on this behavior. If local
rules forced the rewriting to stop, the inherited rules won't
be processed.</p>
<div class="warning">
Rules inherited from the parent scope are applied
<strong>after</strong> rules specified in the child scope.
</div>
</dd>
<dt><code>InheritBefore</code></dt>
<dd>
<p> Like <code>Inherit</code> above, but the rules from the parent scope
are applied <strong>before</strong> rules specified in the child scope.
Available in Apache HTTP Server 2.3.10 and later.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>AllowNoSlash</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>By default, <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> will ignore URLs that map to a
directory on disk but lack a trailing slash, in the expectation that
the <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_dir.html">mod_dir</a></code> module will issue the client with a redirect to
the canonical URL with a trailing slash.</p>
<p>When the <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_dir.html#directoryslash">DirectorySlash</a></code> directive
is set to off, the <code>AllowNoSlash</code> option can be enabled to ensure
that rewrite rules are no longer ignored. This option makes it possible to
apply rewrite rules within .htaccess files that match the directory without
a trailing slash, if so desired. Available in Apache HTTP Server 2.4.0 and
later.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RewriteRule" id="RewriteRule">RewriteRule</a> <a name="rewriterule" id="rewriterule">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Defines rules for the rewriting engine</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RewriteRule
<em>Pattern</em> <em>Substitution</em> [<em>flags</em>]</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_rewrite</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">RewriteRule</code> directive is the real
rewriting workhorse. The directive can occur more than once,
with each instance defining a single rewrite rule. The
order in which these rules are defined is important - this is the order
in which they will be applied at run-time.</p>
<p><a id="patterns" name="patterns"><em>Pattern</em></a> is
a perl compatible <a id="regexp" name="regexp">regular
expression</a>. On the first RewriteRule it is applied to the (%-decoded)
<a href="/directive-dict.html#Syntax">URL-path</a> of the request;
subsequent patterns are applied to the output of the last matched
RewriteRule.</p>
<div class="note"><h3><a id="what_is_matched" name="what_is_matched">What is matched?</a></h3>
<p>In <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#virtualhost">VirtualHost</a></code> context,
The <em>Pattern</em> will initially be matched against the part of the
URL after the hostname and port, and before the query string (e.g. "/app1/index.html").</p>
<p>In <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#directory">Directory</a></code> and htaccess context,
the <em>Pattern</em> will initially be matched against the
<em>filesystem</em> path, after removing the prefix that lead the server
to the current <code class="directive">RewriteRule</code> (e.g. "app1/index.html"
or "index.html" depending on where the directives are defined).</p>
<p>If you wish to match against the hostname, port, or query string, use a
<code class="directive"><a href="#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></code> with the
<code>%{HTTP_HOST}</code>, <code>%{SERVER_PORT}</code>, or
<code>%{QUERY_STRING}</code> variables respectively.</p>
</div>
<div class="note"><h3>Per-directory Rewrites</h3>
<ul>
<li>The rewrite engine may be used in <a href="/howto/htaccess.html">.htaccess</a> files and in <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#directory">&lt;Directory&gt;</a></code> sections, with some additional
complexity.</li>
<li>To enable the rewrite engine in this context, you need to set
"<code>RewriteEngine On</code>" <strong>and</strong>
"<code>Options FollowSymLinks</code>" must be enabled. If your
administrator has disabled override of <code>FollowSymLinks</code> for
a user's directory, then you cannot use the rewrite engine. This
restriction is required for security reasons.</li>
<li>When using the rewrite engine in <code>.htaccess</code> files the
per-directory prefix (which always is the same for a specific
directory) is automatically <em>removed</em> for the RewriteRule pattern matching
and automatically <em>added</em> after any relative (not starting with a
slash or protocol name) substitution encounters the end of a rule set.
See the <code class="directive"><a href="#rewritebase">RewriteBase</a></code>
directive for more information regarding what prefix will be added back to
relative substitions.</li>
<li> If you wish to match against the full URL-path in a per-directory
(htaccess) RewriteRule, use the <code>%{REQUEST_URI}</code> variable in
a <code class="directive">RewriteCond</code>.</li>
<li>The removed prefix always ends with a slash, meaning the matching occurs against a string which
<em>never</em> has a leading slash. Therefore, a <em>Pattern</em> with <code>^/</code> never
matches in per-directory context.</li>
<li>Although rewrite rules are syntactically permitted in <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#location">&lt;Location&gt;</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#files">&lt;Files&gt;</a></code> sections, this
should never be necessary and is unsupported.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>For some hints on <a class="glossarylink" href="/glossary.html#regex" title="see glossary">regular
expressions</a>, see
the <a href="/rewrite/intro.html#regex">mod_rewrite
Introduction</a>.</p>
<p>In mod_rewrite, the NOT character
('<code>!</code>') is also available as a possible pattern
prefix. This enables you to negate a pattern; to say, for instance:
``<em>if the current URL does <strong>NOT</strong> match this
pattern</em>''. This can be used for exceptional cases, where
it is easier to match the negative pattern, or as a last
default rule.</p>
<div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
When using the NOT character to negate a pattern, you cannot include
grouped wildcard parts in that pattern. This is because, when the
pattern does NOT match (ie, the negation matches), there are no
contents for the groups. Thus, if negated patterns are used, you
cannot use <code>$N</code> in the substitution string!
</div>
<p>The <a id="rhs" name="rhs"><em>Substitution</em></a> of a
rewrite rule is the string that replaces the original URL-path that
was matched by <em>Pattern</em>. The <em>Substitution</em> may
be a:</p>
<dl>
<dt>file-system path</dt>
<dd>Designates the location on the file-system of the resource
to be delivered to the client. Substitutions are only
treated as a file-system path when the rule is configured in
server (virtualhost) context and the first component of the
path in the substitution is exists in the file-system</dd>
<dt>URL-path</dt>
<dd>A <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>-relative path to the
resource to be served. Note that <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code>
tries to guess whether you have specified a file-system path
or a URL-path by checking to see if the first segment of the
path exists at the root of the file-system. For example, if
you specify a <em>Substitution</em> string of
<code>/www/file.html</code>, then this will be treated as a
URL-path <em>unless</em> a directory named <code>www</code>
exists at the root or your file-system, in which case it will
be treated as a file-system path. If you wish other
URL-mapping directives (such as <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mod_alias.html#alias">Alias</a></code>) to be applied to the
resulting URL-path, use the <code>[PT]</code> flag as
described below.</dd>
<dt>Absolute URL</dt>
<dd>If an absolute URL is specified,
<code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> checks to see whether the
hostname matches the current host. If it does, the scheme and
hostname are stripped out and the resulting path is treated as
a URL-path. Otherwise, an external redirect is performed for
the given URL. To force an external redirect back to the
current host, see the <code>[R]</code> flag below.</dd>
<dt><code>-</code> (dash)</dt>
<dd>A dash indicates that no substitution should be performed
(the existing path is passed through untouched). This is used
when a flag (see below) needs to be applied without changing
the path.</dd>
</dl>
<p>In addition to plain text, the <em>Substition</em> string can include</p>
<ol>
<li>back-references (<code>$N</code>) to the RewriteRule
pattern</li>
<li>back-references (<code>%N</code>) to the last matched
RewriteCond pattern</li>
<li>server-variables as in rule condition test-strings
(<code>%{VARNAME}</code>)</li>
<li><a href="#mapfunc">mapping-function</a> calls
(<code>${mapname:key|default}</code>)</li>
</ol>
<p>Back-references are identifiers of the form
<code>$</code><strong>N</strong>
(<strong>N</strong>=0..9), which will be replaced
by the contents of the <strong>N</strong>th group of the
matched <em>Pattern</em>. The server-variables are the same
as for the <em>TestString</em> of a <code>RewriteCond</code>
directive. The mapping-functions come from the
<code>RewriteMap</code> directive and are explained there.
These three types of variables are expanded in the order above.</p>
<p>Rewrite rules are applied to the results of previous rewrite
rules, in the order in which they are defined
in the config file. The URI or file path (see <a href="#what_is_matched">"What is matched?"</a>, above) is <strong>completely
replaced</strong> by the <em>Substitution</em> and the
rewriting process continues until all rules have been applied,
or it is explicitly terminated by an
<a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_l"><code><strong>L</strong></code> flag</a>,
or other flag which implies immediate termination, such as
<code><strong>END</strong></code> or
<code><strong>F</strong></code>.</p>
<div class="note"><h3>Modifying the Query String</h3>
<p>By default, the query string is passed through unchanged. You
can, however, create URLs in the substitution string containing
a query string part. Simply use a question mark inside the
substitution string to indicate that the following text should
be re-injected into the query string. When you want to erase an
existing query string, end the substitution string with just a
question mark. To combine new and old query strings, use the
<code>[QSA]</code> flag.</p>
</div>
<p>Additionally you can set special <a name="rewriteflags" id="rewriteflags">actions</a> to be performed by
appending <strong><code>[</code><em>flags</em><code>]</code></strong>
as the third argument to the <code>RewriteRule</code>
directive. <em>Flags</em> is a comma-separated list, surround by square
brackets, of any of the flags in the following table. More
details, and examples, for each flag, are available in the <a href="/rewrite/flags.html">Rewrite Flags document</a>.</p>
<table class="bordered">
<tr><th>Flag and syntax</th>
<th>Function</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>B</td>
<td>Escape non-alphanumeric characters <em>before</em> applying
the transformation. <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_b">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>chain|C</td>
<td>Rule is chained to the following rule. If the rule fails,
the rule(s) chained to it will be skipped. <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_c">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cookie|CO=<em>NAME</em>:<em>VAL</em></td>
<td>Sets a cookie in the client browser. Full syntax is:
CO=<em>NAME</em>:<em>VAL</em>:<em>domain</em>[:<em>lifetime</em>[:<em>path</em>[:<em>secure</em>[:<em>httponly</em>]]]] <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_co">details ...</a></em>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>discardpath|DPI</td>
<td>Causes the PATH_INFO portion of the rewritten URI to be
discarded. <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_dpi">details
...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>env|E=[!]<em>VAR</em>[:<em>VAL</em>]</td>
<td>Causes an environment variable <em>VAR</em> to be set (to the
value <em>VAL</em> if provided). The form !<em>VAR</em> causes
the environment variable <em>VAR</em> to be unset.<em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_e">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>forbidden|F</td>
<td>Returns a 403 FORBIDDEN response to the client browser.
<em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_f">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>gone|G</td>
<td>Returns a 410 GONE response to the client browser. <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_g">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Handler|H=<em>Content-handler</em></td>
<td>Causes the resulting URI to be sent to the specified
<em>Content-handler</em> for processing. <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_h">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>last|L</td>
<td>Stop the rewriting process immediately and don't apply any
more rules. Especially note caveats for per-directory and
.htaccess context (see also the END flag). <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_l">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>next|N</td>
<td>Re-run the rewriting process, starting again with the first
rule, using the result of the ruleset so far as a starting
point. <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_n">details
...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>nocase|NC</td>
<td>Makes the pattern comparison case-insensitive.
<em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_nc">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>noescape|NE</td>
<td>Prevent mod_rewrite from applying hexcode escaping of
special characters in the result of the rewrite. <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_ne">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>nosubreq|NS</td>
<td>Causes a rule to be skipped if the current request is an
internal sub-request. <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_ns">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>proxy|P</td>
<td>Force the substitution URL to be internally sent as a proxy
request. <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_p">details
...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>passthrough|PT</td>
<td>Forces the resulting URI to be passed back to the URL
mapping engine for processing of other URI-to-filename
translators, such as <code>Alias</code> or
<code>Redirect</code>. <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_pt">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>qsappend|QSA</td>
<td>Appends any query string from the original request URL to
any query string created in the rewrite target.<em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_qsa">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>qsdiscard|QSD</td>
<td>Discard any query string attached to the incoming URI.
<em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_qsd">details
...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>redirect|R[=<em>code</em>]</td>
<td>Forces an external redirect, optionally with the specified
HTTP status code. <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_r">details ...</a></em>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>END</td>
<td>Stop the rewriting process immediately and don't apply any
more rules. Also prevents further execution of rewrite rules
in per-directory and .htaccess context. (Available in 2.3.9 and later)
<em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_l">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>skip|S=<em>num</em></td>
<td>Tells the rewriting engine to skip the next <em>num</em>
rules if the current rule matches. <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_s">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>type|T=<em>MIME-type</em></td>
<td>Force the <a class="glossarylink" href="/glossary.html#mime-type" title="see glossary">MIME-type</a> of the target file
to be the specified type. <em><a href="/rewrite/flags.html#flag_t">details ...</a></em></td>
</tr>
</table>
<div class="note"><h3>Home directory expansion</h3>
<p> When the substitution string begins with a string
resembling "/~user" (via explicit text or backreferences), mod_rewrite performs
home directory expansion independent of the presence or configuration
of <code class="module"><a href="/mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code>.</p>
<p> This expansion does not occur when the <em>PT</em>
flag is used on the <code class="directive"><a href="#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code>
directive.</p>
</div>
<p>Here are all possible substitution combinations and their
meanings:</p>
<p><strong>Inside per-server configuration
(<code>httpd.conf</code>)<br />
for request ``<code>GET
/somepath/pathinfo</code>'':</strong><br />
</p>
<table class="bordered">
<tr>
<th>Given Rule</th>
<th>Resulting Substitution</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^/somepath(.*) otherpath$1</td>
<td>invalid, not supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^/somepath(.*) otherpath$1 [R]</td>
<td>invalid, not supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^/somepath(.*) otherpath$1 [P]</td>
<td>invalid, not supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^/somepath(.*) /otherpath$1</td>
<td>/otherpath/pathinfo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^/somepath(.*) /otherpath$1 [R]</td>
<td>http://thishost/otherpath/pathinfo via external redirection</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^/somepath(.*) /otherpath$1 [P]</td>
<td>doesn't make sense, not supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^/somepath(.*) http://thishost/otherpath$1</td>
<td>/otherpath/pathinfo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^/somepath(.*) http://thishost/otherpath$1 [R]</td>
<td>http://thishost/otherpath/pathinfo via external redirection</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^/somepath(.*) http://thishost/otherpath$1 [P]</td>
<td>doesn't make sense, not supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^/somepath(.*) http://otherhost/otherpath$1</td>
<td>http://otherhost/otherpath/pathinfo via external redirection</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^/somepath(.*) http://otherhost/otherpath$1 [R]</td>
<td>http://otherhost/otherpath/pathinfo via external redirection (the [R] flag is redundant)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^/somepath(.*) http://otherhost/otherpath$1 [P]</td>
<td>http://otherhost/otherpath/pathinfo via internal proxy</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p><strong>Inside per-directory configuration for
<code>/somepath</code><br />
(<code>/physical/path/to/somepath/.htacccess</code>, with
<code>RewriteBase /somepath</code>)<br />
for request ``<code>GET
/somepath/localpath/pathinfo</code>'':</strong><br />
</p>
<table class="bordered">
<tr>
<th>Given Rule</th>
<th>Resulting Substitution</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^localpath(.*) otherpath$1</td>
<td>/somepath/otherpath/pathinfo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^localpath(.*) otherpath$1 [R]</td>
<td>http://thishost/somepath/otherpath/pathinfo via external
redirection</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^localpath(.*) otherpath$1 [P]</td>
<td>doesn't make sense, not supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^localpath(.*) /otherpath$1</td>
<td>/otherpath/pathinfo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^localpath(.*) /otherpath$1 [R]</td>
<td>http://thishost/otherpath/pathinfo via external redirection</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^localpath(.*) /otherpath$1 [P]</td>
<td>doesn't make sense, not supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^localpath(.*) http://thishost/otherpath$1</td>
<td>/otherpath/pathinfo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^localpath(.*) http://thishost/otherpath$1 [R]</td>
<td>http://thishost/otherpath/pathinfo via external redirection</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^localpath(.*) http://thishost/otherpath$1 [P]</td>
<td>doesn't make sense, not supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^localpath(.*) http://otherhost/otherpath$1</td>
<td>http://otherhost/otherpath/pathinfo via external redirection</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^localpath(.*) http://otherhost/otherpath$1 [R]</td>
<td>http://otherhost/otherpath/pathinfo via external redirection (the [R] flag is redundant)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>^localpath(.*) http://otherhost/otherpath$1 [P]</td>
<td>http://otherhost/otherpath/pathinfo via internal proxy</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
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