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1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe<p class="menu"><a href="/mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="/mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="/faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="/glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="/sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.3</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Binding</h1>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="/de/bind.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
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1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <p>Configuring Apache HTTP Server (httpd) to listen on specific addresses and ports.</p>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#overview">Overview</a></li>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ipv6">Special IPv6 Considerations</a></li>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe<li><img alt="" src="/images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualhost">How This Works With Virtual Hosts</a></li>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="vhosts/">Virtual Hosts</a></li><li><a href="dns-caveats.html">DNS Issues</a></li></ul></div>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="/mod/core.html">core</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="/mod/mpm_common.html">mpm_common</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="/mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <p>When httpd starts, it binds to some port and address on
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe the local machine and waits for incoming requests. By default,
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe it listens to all addresses on the machine. However, it may need to
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe be told to listen on specific ports, or only on selected
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe addresses, or a combination of both. This is often combined with the
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe Virtual Host feature, which determines how httpd responds to
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe different IP addresses, hostnames and ports.</p>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe directive tells the server to accept
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe incoming requests only on the specified ports or
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe address-and-port combinations. If only a port number is
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe specified in the <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe directive, the server
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe listens to the given port on all interfaces. If an IP address
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe is given as well as a port, the server will listen on the given
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe port and interface. Multiple <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directives may be used to
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe specify a number of addresses and ports to listen on. The
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe server will respond to requests from any of the listed
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe addresses and ports.</p>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <p>For example, to make the server accept connections on both
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe port 80 and port 8000, on all interfaces, use:</p>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe Listen 80<br />
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe Listen 8000
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <p>To make the server accept connections on port 80 for one interface,
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe and port 8000 on another, use</p>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe Listen 192.0.2.1:80<br />
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe Listen 192.0.2.5:8000
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <p>IPv6 addresses must be enclosed in square brackets, as in the
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe following example:</p>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe Listen [2001:db8::a00:20ff:fea7:ccea]:80
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="/images/up.gif" /></a></div>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe<h2><a name="ipv6" id="ipv6">Special IPv6 Considerations</a></h2>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <p>A growing number of platforms implement IPv6, and
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <a class="glossarylink" href="/glossary.html#apr" title="see glossary">APR</a> supports IPv6 on most of these platforms,
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe allowing httpd to allocate IPv6 sockets, and to handle requests sent
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe over IPv6.</p>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <p>One complicating factor for httpd administrators is whether or
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe not an IPv6 socket can handle both IPv4 connections and IPv6
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe connections. Handling IPv4 connections with an IPv6 socket uses
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses, which are allowed by default on most
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe platforms, but are disallowed by default on FreeBSD, NetBSD, and
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe OpenBSD, in order to match the system-wide policy on those
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe platforms. On systems where it is disallowed by default, a
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe special <code class="program"><a href="/programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> parameter can change this behavior
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe for httpd.</p>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <p>On the other hand, on some platforms, such as Linux and Tru64, the
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <strong>only</strong> way to handle both IPv6 and IPv4 is to use
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe mapped addresses. If you want httpd to handle IPv4 and IPv6 connections
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe with a minimum of sockets, which requires using IPv4-mapped IPv6
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe addresses, specify the <code>--enable-v4-mapped</code> <code class="program"><a href="/programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> option.</p>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <p><code>--enable-v4-mapped</code> is the default on all platforms except
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD, so this is probably how your httpd was
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <p>If you want httpd to handle IPv4 connections only, regardless of
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe what your platform and APR will support, specify an IPv4 address on all
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directives, as in the
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe following examples:</p>
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe Listen 0.0.0.0:80<br />
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe Listen 192.0.2.1:80
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe <p>If your platform supports it and you want httpd to handle IPv4 and
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe IPv6 connections on separate sockets (i.e., to disable IPv4-mapped
1e83c8de3aa48b316b28057d53995272baf1260cwrowe addresses), specify the <code>--disable-v4-mapped</code> <code class="program"><a href="/programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> option. <code>--disable-v4-mapped</code> is the
<p> The <code class="directive"><a href="/mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directive does not implement
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="/de/bind.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
<p class="apache">Copyright 2010 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
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