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httpd [ -d serverroot ] [ -f config ] [ -C directive ] [ -c directive ] [ -D parameter ] [ -e level ] [ -E file ] [ -k start|restart|graceful|stop ] [ -R directory ] [ -h ] [ -l ] [ -L ] [ -S ] [ -t ] [ -v ] [ -V ] [ -X ]
On Windows systems, the following additional arguments are available:
httpd [ -k install|config|uninstall ] [ -n name ] [ -w ]
httpd is the Apache HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) server program. It is designed to be run as a standalone daemon process. When used like this it will create a pool of child processes or threads to handle requests.
In general, httpd should not be invoked directly, but rather should be invoked via apachectl on Unix-based systems or as a service on Windows NT, 2000 and XP and as a console application on Windows 9x and ME.
-d serverroot Set the initial value for the ServerRoot directive to serverroot. This can be overridden by the ServerRoot directive in the configuration file. The default is /usr/local/apache2.
-f config Uses the directives in the file config on startup. If config does not begin with a /, then it is taken to be a path relative to the ServerRoot. The default is conf/httpd.conf.
-k start|restart|graceful|stop Signals httpd to start, restart, or stop. See Stopping Apache for more information.
-C directive Process the configuration directive before reading config files.
-c directive Process the configuration directive after reading config files.
-D parameter Sets a configuration parameter which can be used with <IfDefine> sections in the configuration files to conditionally skip or process commands at server startup and restart.
-e level Sets the LogLevel to level during server startup. This is useful for temporarily increasing the verbosity of the error messages to find problems during startup.
-E file Send error messages during server startup to file.
-R directory When the server is compiled using the SHARED_CORE rule, this specifies the directory for the shared object files.
-h Output a short summary of available command line options.
-l Output a list of modules compiled into the server. This will not list dynamically loaded modules included using the LoadModule directive.
-L Output a list of directives together with expected arguments and places where the directive is valid.
-S Show the settings as parsed from the config file (currently only shows the virtualhost settings).
-t Run syntax tests for configuration files only. The program immediately exits after these syntax parsing with either a return code of 0 (Syntax OK) or return code not equal to 0 (Syntax Error). If -D DUMP_VHOSTS is also set, details of the virtual host configuration will be printed.
-v Print the version of httpd, and then exit.
-V Print the version and build parameters of httpd, and then exit.
-X Run httpd in debug mode. Only one worker will be started and the server will not detach from the console.
The following arguments are available only on the Windows platform:
-k install|config|uninstall Install Apache as a Windows NT service; change startup options for the Apache service; and uninstall the Apache service.
-n name The name of the Apache service to signal.
-w Keep the console window open on error so that the error message can be read.