<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<chapter xml:id='chap-workflow'

xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'

version='5.0' xml:lang='en'

xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance'

xsi:schemaLocation='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook http://docbook.org/xml/5.0/xsd/docbook.xsd'

xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'

xmlns:xinclude='http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude'>

<title>Integrating Business Processes &amp; Workflows</title>

<indexterm>

<primary>Workflow</primary>

</indexterm>

<indexterm>

<primary>Business processes</primary>

</indexterm>

<para>Key to any identity management solution is the ability to provide

workflow-driven provisioning activities, whether for self-service actions

such as requests for entitlements, roles or resources, running sunrise or

sunset processes, handling approvals with escalations, or performing

maintenance.</para>

<para>OpenIDM provides an embedded workflow and business process engine

based on Activiti and the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) 2.0

standard.</para>

<para>More information about Activiti and the Activiti project can be found

at <link xlink:href="http://www.activiti.org" xlink:show="new"

>http://www.activiti.org</link>.</para>

<section xml:id="about-bmpm-2-activiti">

<title>BPMN 2.0 and the Activiti Tools</title>

<para>Business Process Model and Notation 2.0 is the result of consensus

among Business Process Management (BPM) system vendors. The <link

xlink:href="http://omg.org/" xlink:show="new">Object Management Group</link>

(OMG) has developed and maintained the <link xlink:show="new"

xlink:href="http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/">BPMN</link> standard since

2004.</para>

<para>The first version of the BPMN specification focused only on graphical

notation, and quickly became popular with the business analyst audience.

BPMN 1.x defines how constructs such as human tasks, executable scripts, and

automated decisions are visualized in a vendor-neutral, standard way. The

second version of BPMN extends that focus to include execution semantics,

and a common exchange format. Thus, BPMN 2.0 process definition models

can be exchanged not only between different graphical editors, but can also

be executed as is on any BPMN 2.0-compliant engine, such as the engine

embedded in OpenIDM.</para>

<para>Using BPMN 2.0, you can add artifacts describing workflow and business

process behavior to OpenIDM for provisioning and other purposes. For example,

you can craft the actual artifacts defining business processes and workflow

in a text editor such as <command>vi</command>, or using a special Eclipse

plugin. The Eclipse plugin provides visual design capabilities, simplifying

packaging and deployment of the artifact to OpenIDM. See the <link

xlink:href="http://docs.codehaus.org/display/ACT/Activiti+BPMN+2.0+Eclipse+Plugin"

xlink:show="new">Activiti BPMN 2.0 Eclipse Plugin</link> documentation for

instructions on installing Activiti Eclipse BPMN 2.0 Designer.</para>

<para>Also, read the Activiti <citetitle>User Guide</citetitle> section

covering <link xlink:href="http://www.activiti.org/userguide/#bpmnConstructs"

xlink:show="new"><citetitle>BPMN 2.0 Constructs</citetitle></link>, which

describes in detail the graphical notations and XML representations for

events, flows, gateways, tasks, and process constructs.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="setting-up-activiti">

<title>Setting Up Activiti Integration With OpenIDM</title>

<itemizedlist>

<para>There are two modes of integrating Activiti with OpenIDM:</para>

<listitem><para>Local integration, where an embedded Activiti Process Engine

is started in the OpenIDM OSGi container.</para></listitem>

<listitem><para>Remote integration, where OpenIDM and Activiti run as

separate instances and the integration is done using a REST API.</para>

</listitem>

</itemizedlist>

<section xml:id="setting-up-local-integration">

<title>Setting Up Local Integration</title>

<para>The embedded workflow and business process engine is provided as part

of the standard OpenIDM build.</para>

<para>Install the OpenIDM build, as described in the

<link xlink:href="install-guide#chap-install"

xlink:role="http://docbook.org/xlink/role/olink"><citetitle>Installation

Guide</citetitle></link>. Start OpenIDM, and run the

<command>scr list</command> command at the console to check that the

workflow bundle is active.</para>

<screen>-&gt; scr list

...

[ 14] [active ] org.forgerock.openidm.workflow

...</screen>

<para>To verify the workflow integration you need at least one workflow

definition in the <literal><replaceable>/path/to/openidm</replaceable

>/workflow</literal> directory. A sample workflow (<filename>example.bpmn20.xml

</filename>) is provided in the <literal><replaceable>/path/to/openidm

</replaceable>/samples/misc</literal> directory. Copy this workflow to the

<literal><replaceable>/path/to/openidm</replaceable>/workflow</literal>

directory to test the workflow integration.</para>

<screen>$ cd /path/to/openidm

$ cp samples/misc/example.bpmn20.xml workflow/</screen>

<para>You can verify the workflow integration by using the REST API. The

following REST call lists the defined workflows:</para>

<screen>$ curl

--header "X-OpenIDM-Username: openidm-admin"

--header "X-OpenIDM-Password: openidm-admin"

--request GET

"http://localhost:8080/openidm/workflow"

</screen>

<para>The sample workflow definition that you copied in the previous step is

named <literal>osgiProcess</literal>. The result of the preceding REST call

is therefore something like:</para>

<screen>

{"osgiProcess:1:3":{"name":"Osgi process","key":"osgiProcess"}}

</screen>

<para>The <literal>osgiProcess</literal> definition calls OpenIDM, queries

the available workflow definitions from Activiti, then prints the list of

workflow definitions to the OpenIDM logs. Invoke the <literal>osgiProcess

</literal> workflow with the following REST call to OpenIDM:</para>

<screen width="100"><?dbfo pgwide="1"?>$ curl

--header "X-OpenIDM-Username: openidm-admin"

--header "X-OpenIDM-Password: openidm-admin"

--request POST

"http://localhost:8080/openidm/workflow/processinstance?_action=createProcessInstance"

--data '{"key":"osgiProcess"}'

</screen>

<para>The workflow prints the list of workflow definitions to the OpenIDM

console. With the default sample, you should see something like this on the

console:</para>

<screen width="100"><?dbfo pgwide="1"?>

script task using expression resolver: [osgiProcess:1:3:[name:Osgi process, key:osgiProcess]]

script task using resolver: [osgiProcess:1:3:[name:Osgi process, key:osgiProcess]]

</screen>

<section xml:id="openidm-activity-limitations">

<title>Known Issues &amp; Limitations</title>

<itemizedlist>

<para>The following issues and limitations exist for the

embedded workflow and business process engine.</para>

<listitem>

<para>OpenIDM does not include a form generator, making it difficult to

include embedded forms (OPENIDM-468).</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<!-- TODO: Issue ID? -->

<para>Error handling needs improvement.</para>

</listitem>

</itemizedlist>

</section>

</section>

<section xml:id="setting-up-remote-integration">

<title>Setting Up Remote Integration</title>

<para>You can set up integration with a remote Activiti engine, as described

in the following steps.</para>

<procedure>

<step>

<para>Download and install OpenIDM, as described in the

<link xlink:href="install-guide#chap-install"

xlink:role="http://docbook.org/xlink/role/olink"><citetitle>Installation

Guide</citetitle></link>.</para>

</step>

<step>

<para>Download and unzip the Activiti zip file

(<filename>activiti-5.10.zip</filename>) from <link xlink:href=

"http://activiti.org/download.html" xlink:show="new">

http://activiti.org/download.html</link>.</para>

</step>

<step>

<para>Edit the Activiti configuration file to avoid a port conflict with

OpenIDM. OpenIDM runs on port 8080 by default. Edit the file so that

Activiti Explorer runs on port 9090 (by replacing each instance of 8080

with 9090). The following example uses <literal>sed</literal> on a UNIX

system to replace all instances of 8080 with 9090.

</para>

<screen>$ cd /path/to/activiti/setup/

$ sed -i.bak 's/8080/9090/g' build.xml

</screen>

<note><para>There is currently a bug in the Activiti demo which might mean

that all port replacements are not made. If you cannot access Activiti

Explorer (in the next step) after making this change, <emphasis>also</emphasis>

edit the following file to find and replace each instance of 8080 with 9090:

<filename>/path/to/activiti/apps/apache-tomcat-6.0.32/conf/server.xml</filename>.

</para></note>

</step>

<step>

<para>Set up the default Activiti demo.</para>

<screen>$ cd /path/to/activiti/setup/

$ ant demo.start

</screen>

</step>

<step>

<para>In a browser, check that Activiti Explorer is running

(on localhost:9090/activiti-explorer). Log in with the default userid

<literal>kermit</literal> and password <literal>kermit</literal>. If all

is well, log out.</para>

</step>

<step>

<para>Configure Tomcat to operate with OpenIDM.</para>

<orderedlist>

<listitem>

<para>Stop Tomcat.</para>

<screen>$ cd /path/to/activiti/setup/

$ ant tomcat.stop

</screen>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Copy the OpenIDM remote workflow WAR file to the Tomcat webapps

folder.</para>

<screen width="100"><?dbfo pgwide="1"?>$ cd /path/to/openidm/bin/workflow

$ cp openidm-workflow-remote-2.1.0-SNAPSHOT.war \

/path/to/activiti/apps/apache-tomcat-6.0.32/webapps/

</screen>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Copy the OpenIDM workflow Activiti demo jar file to the Tomcat

Activiti Explorer library.</para>

<screen width="100"><?dbfo pgwide="1"?>$ cd /path/to/openidm/bin/workflow/

$ cp openidm-workflow-activiti-2.1.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar \

/path/to/activiti/apps/apache-tomcat-6.0.32/webapps/activiti-explorer/WEB-INF/lib/

</screen>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Edit the Activiti Explorer configuration file to be able to use the

OpenIDM extensions.</para>

<screen>$ cd /path/to/activiti/

$ vi apps/apache-tomcat-6.0.32/webapps/activiti-explorer/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml

</screen>

<para>Replace the <literal>processEngineConfiguration</literal> with the

OpenIDM extended configuration. So remove this section:

</para>

<programlisting language="xml" width="90">

&lt;bean id="processEngineConfiguration" class="org.activiti.spring.SpringProcessEngineConfiguration"&gt;

&lt;property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /&gt;

&lt;property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /&gt;

&lt;property name="databaseSchemaUpdate" value="true" /&gt;

&lt;property name="jobExecutorActivate" value="true" /&gt;

&lt;property name="customFormTypes"&gt;

&lt;list&gt;

&lt;ref bean="userFormType"/&gt;

&lt;/list&gt;

&lt;/property&gt;

&lt;/bean&gt;

</programlisting>

<para>and replace it with this section:</para>

<programlisting language="xml" width="90">

&lt;bean id="processEngineConfiguration" class="org.activiti.spring.SpringProcessEngineConfiguration"&gt;

&lt;property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /&gt;

&lt;property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /&gt;

&lt;property name="databaseSchemaUpdate" value="true" /&gt;

&lt;property name="jobExecutorActivate" value="true" /&gt;

&lt;property name="customFormTypes"&gt;

&lt;list&gt;

&lt;ref bean="userFormType"/&gt;

&lt;/list&gt;

&lt;/property&gt;

&lt;property name="customSessionFactories"&gt;

&lt;list&gt;

&lt;bean class="org.forgerock.openidm.workflow.activiti.impl.session.OpenIDMSessionFactory"&gt;

&lt;property name="url" value="http://localhost:8080/openidm/"/&gt;

&lt;property name="user" value="openidm-admin"/&gt;

&lt;property name="password" value="openidm-admin"/&gt;

&lt;/bean&gt;

&lt;/list&gt;

&lt;/property&gt;

&lt;property name="resolverFactories"&gt;

&lt;list&gt;

&lt;bean class="org.forgerock.openidm.workflow.activiti.impl.OpenIDMResolverFactory"&gt;&lt;/bean&gt;

&lt;bean class="org.activiti.engine.impl.scripting.VariableScopeResolverFactory"&gt;&lt;/bean&gt;

&lt;bean class="org.activiti.engine.impl.scripting.BeansResolverFactory"&gt;&lt;/bean&gt;

&lt;/list&gt;

&lt;/property&gt;

&lt;property name="expressionManager"&gt;

&lt;bean class="org.forgerock.openidm.workflow.activiti.impl.OpenIDMExpressionManager"&gt; &lt;/bean&gt;

&lt;/property&gt;

&lt;/bean&gt;

</programlisting>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Restart Tomcat.</para>

<screen>$ cd /path/to/activiti/setup/

$ ant tomcat.start

</screen>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Check that Activiti Explorer is running on

localhost:9090/activiti-explorer, as you did in the previous section.

</para>

</listitem>

</orderedlist>

</step>

<step>

<para>Configure OpenIDM to use the remote Activiti engine instead of the

local, bundled Activiti engine.</para>

<orderedlist>

<listitem>

<para>Copy the <filename>workflow.json</filename> configuration file to

the OpenIDM configuration directory.</para>

<screen>$ cd /path/to/openidm/

$ cp samples/misc/workflow.json conf/

</screen>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Edit the workflow configuration file to specify the remote Activiti

engine.</para>

<screen>$ vi conf/workflow.json

</screen>

<para>Ensure that the url, username, and password fields contain the values

that correspond to your remote Activiti engine.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

{

"enabled" : "true",

"location" : "remote",

"engine" : {

"url" : "http://localhost:9090/openidm-workflow-remote-2.1.0-SNAPSHOT",

"username" : "kermit",

"password" : "kermit"

},

</programlisting>

</listitem>

</orderedlist>

</step>

<step>

<para>Start up OpenIDM.</para>

<screen>$ cd /path/to/openidm/

$ /startup.sh

</screen>

</step>

<step>

<para>Test the integration by sending the following CURL request to list

the available workflows:</para>

<screen>$ curl

--header "X-OpenIDM-Username: openidm-admin"

--header "X-OpenIDM-Password: openidm-admin"

--request GET

"http://localhost:8080/openidm/workflow"

</screen>

</step>

<step>

<para>Log in to the Activiti Explorer of the remote Activiti engine (with

the default username (kermit) and password (kermit).

</para>

</step>

<step>

<para>Install the sample workflow (<filename>example.bpmn20.xml</filename>).</para>

<orderedlist>

<listitem>

<para>In Activiti Explorer, click Manage.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>From the Deployments menu, select Upload New.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Navigate to the sample workflow (<filename>/path/to/openidm/samples

/misc/example.bpmn20.xml)</filename></para>

</listitem>

</orderedlist>

</step>

<step>

<para>Verify the integration by sending the following CURL request:</para>

<screen>$ curl

--header "X-OpenIDM-Username: openidm-admin"

--header "X-OpenIDM-Password: openidm-admin"

--request POST

"http://localhost:8080/openidm/workflow/processinstance?_action=createProcessInstance"

--data '{"key":"osgiProcess"}'

</screen>

<para>The request should return a process ID, similar to the following:</para>

<screen>

{"id":"301","processInstanceId":"301","status":"ended",

"businessKey":null,"processDefinitionId":"osgiProcess:1:3"}

</screen>

<para>This request starts the osgiProcess and writes the list of installed

workflows to the Tomcat server log file (<filename>/path/to/activiti/apps/

apache-tomcat-6.0.32/logs/catalina.out</filename>).

</para>

</step>

<step>

<para>Test the integration with Activiti Explorer.</para>

<orderedlist>

<listitem>

<para>Click Processes and select Osgi Process from the list of process

definitions.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Click Start Process.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Check the output in the Tomcat server log file (

<filename>/path/to/activiti/apps/apache-tomcat-6.0.32/logs/catalina.out</filename>.

The list of installed workflows is written to the log file.</para>

</listitem>

</orderedlist>

</step>

</procedure>

</section>

</section>

<section xml:id="configuring-activiti-engine">

<title>Configuring the Activiti Engine</title>

<para>Whether you use the embedded Activiti engine, or a remote Activiti

engine, you configure the OpenIDM Activiti module in a file named

<filename>/path/to/openidm/conf/workflow.json</filename>. If this file is

absent from the configuration, the workflow module is unavailable for use.

In the default OpenIDM installation, the <filename>workflow.json</filename>

file assumes an embedded Activiti engine, and has the following

configuration:</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

{

"enabled" : "true",

"location" : "embedded",

},

</programlisting>

<para>You can disable the workflow module by setting the "enabled" property

in this file to "false".</para>

<para>A sample <filename>workflow.json</filename> file, with all configurable

properties, is provided in <literal>/path/to/openidm/samples/misc</literal>.

To configure an Activiti engine beyond the default configuration that is

provided, edit this file as required and copy it to the

<literal>/path/to/openidm/conf</literal> directory.</para>

<para>The sample <literal>workflow.json</literal> file contains the following

configuration:</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

{

"enabled" : "true",

"location" : "remote",

"engine" : {

"url" : "http://localhost:9090/openidm-workflow-remote-2.1.0-SNAPSHOT",

"username" : "youractivitiuser",

"password" : "youractivitipassword"

},

"mail" : {

"host" : "yourserver.smtp.com",

"port" : 587,

"username" : "yourusername",

"password" : "yourpassword",

"starttls" : true

},

"history" : "audit"

}

</programlisting>

<itemizedlist><para>These fields have the following meaning:</para>

<listitem>

<para><literal>enabled</literal>. Indicates whether the Activiti module is

enabled for use. Possible values are <literal>true</literal> or

<literal>false</literal>. The default value is <literal>true</literal>.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem><para><literal>location</literal>. Indicates whether the Activiti

engine is embedded with OpenIDM, or remote. Possible values are

<literal>embedded</literal> or <literal>remote</literal>. If

<literal>remote</literal>, you must provide details for the

<literal>engine</literal> property, below.</para></listitem>

<listitem><para><literal>engine</literal>. Specifies the details of the

remote Activiti engine. The following fields must be defined:</para>

<itemizedlist>

<listitem><para><literal>url</literal>. The URL of the remote engine,

including the host name and port number.</para></listitem>

<listitem><para><literal>username</literal>. A user name for the remote

Activiti engine.</para></listitem>

<listitem><para><literal>password</literal>. The password for the user

specified above.</para></listitem>

</itemizedlist>

</listitem>

<listitem><para><literal>mail</literal>. Specifies the details of the

mail server that Activiti will use to send email notifications. By default,

Activiti uses the mail server <literal>localhost:25</literal>. To specify

a different mail server, enter the details of the mail server here.</para>

<itemizedlist>

<listitem><para><literal>host</literal>. The host of the mail server.

</para></listitem>

<listitem><para><literal>port</literal>. The port number of the mail

server.</para></listitem>

<listitem><para><literal>username</literal>. The user name of the account

that connects to the mail server.</para></listitem>

<listitem><para><literal>password</literal>. The password for the user

specified above.</para></listitem>

<listitem><para><literal>startTLS</literal>. Whether startTLS should be

used to secure the connection.</para></listitem>

</itemizedlist>

</listitem>

<listitem><para><literal>history</literal>. Determines the history level

that should be used for the Activiti engine. For more information, see

<link linkend="activiti-history-level">Configuring the Activiti History

Level</link>.</para></listitem>

</itemizedlist>

<section xml:id="activiti-history-level">

<title>Configuring the Activiti History Level</title>

<para>The Activiti history level determines how much historical information

is retained when workflows are executed. You can configure the history

level by setting the <literal>history</literal> property in the

<literal>workflow.json</literal> file, for example:</para>

<screen>"history" : "audit"</screen>

<itemizedlist>

<para>The following history levels can be configured:</para>

<listitem>

<para><literal>none</literal>. No history archiving is done. This level

results in the best performance for workflow execution, but no historical

information is available.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para><literal>activity</literal>. Archives all process instances and

activity instances. No details are archived.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para><literal>audit</literal>. This is the default level. All process

instances, activity instances and submitted form properties are archived

so that all user interaction through forms is traceable and can be

audited.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para><literal>full</literal>. This is the highest level of history

archiving and has the greatest performance impact. This history level

stores all information as in the audit level as well as any process

variable updates.</para>

</listitem>

</itemizedlist>

</section>

</section>

<section xml:id="defining-activiti-workflows">

<title>Defining Activiti Workflows</title>

<para>The following section outlines the process to follow when you create

an Activiti workflow for OpenIDM. Before you start creating workflows, you

must configure the Activiti engine, as described in <link

linkend="configuring-activiti-engine">Configuring the Activiti Engine</link>.

</para>

<orderedlist>

<listitem><para>Define your workflow in a text file, either using an editor,

such as Activiti Eclipse BPMN 2.0 Designer, or a simple text editor.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem><para>Package the workflow definition file as a

<literal>.bar</literal> file (Business Archive File). If you are using

Eclipse to define the workflow, a <literal>.bar</literal> file is created

when you select "Create deployment artifacts". Essentially, a

<literal>.bar</literal> file is the same as a <literal>.zip</literal> file,

but with the <literal>.bar</literal> extension.</para></listitem>

<listitem><para>Copy the <literal>.bar</literal> file to the

<literal>openidm/workflow</literal> directory.</para></listitem>

<listitem><para>Invoke the workflow using a script (in

<literal>openidm/script/</literal>) or directly using the REST interface.

For more information, see <link linkend="invoking-activiti-workflows">

Invoking Activiti Workflows</link>.</para></listitem>

<listitem><para>You can also schedule the workflow to be invoked repeatedly,

or at a future time. For more information, see the

<link xlink:href="integrators-guide#appendix-scheduling"

xlink:role="http://docbook.org/xlink/role/olink"><citetitle>Scheduler

Reference</citetitle></link></para></listitem><!-- TO DO Add a new section

</orderedlist>

</section>

<section xml:id="invoking-activiti-workflows">

<title>Invoking Activiti Workflows</title>

<para>You can invoke workflows and business processes from any trigger point

within OpenIDM, including reacting to situations discovered during

reconciliation. Workflows can be invoked from script files, using the

<literal>openidm.action()</literal> function, or directly from the REST

interface.</para>

<para>The following sample script extract shows how to invoke a workflow from

a script file:</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

/*

* Calling 'myWorkflow' workflow

*/

var params = {

"foo" : "bar"

};

openidm.action('workflow/processinstance', {"_action" : "createProcessInstance"},

{"key":"myWorkflow", "keyrequired" : params});

</programlisting>

<para>You can invoke the same workflow from the REST interface by sending

the following REST call to OpenIDM:</para>

<screen>$ curl

--header "X-OpenIDM-Username: openidm-admin"

--header "X-OpenIDM-Password: openidm-admin"

--request POST

"http://localhost:8080/openidm/workflow/processinstance?_action=createProcessInstance"

--data '{"key":"myWorkflow", "foo":"bar"}'

</screen>

</section>

<section xml:id="sample-activiti-workflows">

<title>Example Activiti Workflows With OpenIDM</title>

<para>This section describes two example workflows, one using email

notification, the other involving a sunset process triggered during

reconciliation.</para>

<section xml:id="example-activiti-email-notification-flow">

<title>Example Email Notification Workflow</title>

<para>This example uses the Activiti Eclipse BPMN 2.0 Designer to set up an

email notification business process. The example relies on an SMTP server

listening on <literal>localhost</literal>, port 25.</para>

<variablelist>

<para>The example sets up a workflow that can accept parameters used to

specify the sender and recipient of the mail.</para>

<varlistentry>

<term><literal>${fromSender}</literal></term>

<listitem>

<para>Used to specify the sender</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><literal>${toEmail}</literal></term>

<listitem>

<para>Used to specify the recipient</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

<para>Once you have defined the workflow, drag and drop components to create

the workflow. This simple example uses only a <literal>StartEvent</literal>,

<literal>MailTask</literal>, and <literal>EndEvent</literal>.</para>

<mediaobject xml:id="figure-bpmn-email-notification">

<alt>Email notification process</alt>

<imageobject>

<imagedata fileref="images/bpmn-email-notification.png" format="PNG" />

</imageobject>

<textobject>

<para>The email notification workflow has a start event, mail task, and

end event.</para>

</textobject>

</mediaobject>

<para>After creating the workflow, adjust the generated XML source code to

use the variables inside the <literal>&lt;serviceTask&gt;</literal>

tag shown in the following listing.</para>

<programlisting language="xml">

&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&gt;

&lt;definitions

xmlns=&quot;http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/MODEL&quot;

xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;

xmlns:activiti=&quot;http://activiti.org/bpmn&quot;

xmlns:bpmndi=&quot;http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/DI&quot;

xmlns:omgdc=&quot;http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DC&quot;

xmlns:omgdi=&quot;http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DI&quot;

typeLanguage=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema&quot;

expressionLanguage=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/XPath&quot;

targetNamespace=&quot;http://www.activiti.org/test&quot;&gt;

&lt;process id=&quot;EmailNotification&quot; name=&quot;emailNotification&quot;&gt;

&lt;documentation&gt;Simple Email Notification Task&lt;/documentation&gt;

&lt;startEvent id=&quot;startevent1&quot; name=&quot;Start&quot;&gt;&lt;/startEvent&gt;

&lt;sequenceFlow id=&quot;flow1&quot; name=&quot;&quot; sourceRef=&quot;startevent1&quot;

targetRef=&quot;mailtask1&quot;&gt;&lt;/sequenceFlow&gt;

&lt;endEvent id=&quot;endevent1&quot; name=&quot;End&quot;&gt;&lt;/endEvent&gt;

&lt;sequenceFlow id=&quot;flow2&quot; name=&quot;&quot; sourceRef=&quot;mailtask1&quot;

targetRef=&quot;endevent1&quot;&gt;&lt;/sequenceFlow&gt;

&lt;serviceTask id=&quot;mailtask1&quot; name=&quot;Email Notification&quot;

activiti:type=&quot;mail&quot;&gt;

&lt;extensionElements&gt;

&lt;activiti:field name=&quot;to&quot; expression=&quot;${toEmail}&quot;

&gt;&lt;/activiti:field&gt;

&lt;activiti:field name=&quot;from&quot; expression=&quot;no-reply@forgerock.com&quot;

&gt;&lt;/activiti:field&gt;

&lt;activiti:field name=&quot;subject&quot; expression=&quot;Simple Email Notification&quot;

&gt;&lt;/activiti:field&gt;

&lt;activiti:field name=&quot;text&quot;&gt;

&lt;activiti:expression&gt;&lt;![CDATA[Here is a simple Email Notification

from ${fromSender}.]]&gt;&lt;/activiti:expression&gt;

&lt;/activiti:field&gt;

&lt;/extensionElements&gt;

&lt;/serviceTask&gt;

&lt;/process&gt;

&lt;bpmndi:BPMNDiagram id=&quot;BPMNDiagram_EmailNotification&quot;&gt;

&lt;bpmndi:BPMNPlane bpmnElement=&quot;EmailNotification&quot;

id=&quot;BPMNPlane_EmailNotification&quot;&gt;

&lt;bpmndi:BPMNShape bpmnElement=&quot;startevent1&quot; id=&quot;BPMNShape_startevent1&quot;&gt;

&lt;omgdc:Bounds height=&quot;35&quot; width=&quot;35&quot; x=&quot;170&quot; y=&quot;250&quot;&gt;&lt;/omgdc:Bounds&gt;

&lt;/bpmndi:BPMNShape&gt;

&lt;bpmndi:BPMNShape bpmnElement=&quot;endevent1&quot; id=&quot;BPMNShape_endevent1&quot;&gt;

&lt;omgdc:Bounds height=&quot;35&quot; width=&quot;35&quot; x=&quot;410&quot; y=&quot;250&quot;&gt;&lt;/omgdc:Bounds&gt;

&lt;/bpmndi:BPMNShape&gt;

&lt;bpmndi:BPMNShape bpmnElement=&quot;mailtask1&quot; id=&quot;BPMNShape_mailtask1&quot;&gt;

&lt;omgdc:Bounds height=&quot;55&quot; width=&quot;105&quot; x=&quot;250&quot; y=&quot;240&quot;&gt;&lt;/omgdc:Bounds&gt;

&lt;/bpmndi:BPMNShape&gt;

&lt;bpmndi:BPMNEdge bpmnElement=&quot;flow1&quot; id=&quot;BPMNEdge_flow1&quot;&gt;

&lt;omgdi:waypoint x=&quot;205&quot; y=&quot;267&quot;&gt;&lt;/omgdi:waypoint&gt;

&lt;omgdi:waypoint x=&quot;250&quot; y=&quot;267&quot;&gt;&lt;/omgdi:waypoint&gt;

&lt;/bpmndi:BPMNEdge&gt;

&lt;bpmndi:BPMNEdge bpmnElement=&quot;flow2&quot; id=&quot;BPMNEdge_flow2&quot;&gt;

&lt;omgdi:waypoint x=&quot;355&quot; y=&quot;267&quot;&gt;&lt;/omgdi:waypoint&gt;

&lt;omgdi:waypoint x=&quot;410&quot; y=&quot;267&quot;&gt;&lt;/omgdi:waypoint&gt;

&lt;/bpmndi:BPMNEdge&gt;

&lt;/bpmndi:BPMNPlane&gt;

&lt;/bpmndi:BPMNDiagram&gt;

&lt;/definitions&gt;</programlisting>

<para>In Eclipse, select the project, then right click and select

Create deployment artifacts to generate the components and package them

in a .bar file for deployment in the <filename>openidm/workflow</filename>

directory.</para>

<para>After you deploy the .bar, create a script named <filename>

openidm/script/invokeEmailNotification.js</filename>. The script

invokes the workflow.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

/*

* Calling 'EmailNotification' workflow

*/

var params = {

"fromSender" : "noreply@openidm",

"toEmail" : "jdoe@example.com"

};

openidm.action('workflow/processinstance', {"_action" : "createProcessInstance"},

{"key":"emailNotification", "keyrequired" : params});

</programlisting>

<para>You can also invoke the workflow over the REST interface with the

following REST command:</para>

<screen width="100"><?dbfo pgwide="1"?>$ curl

--header "X-OpenIDM-Username: openidm-admin"

--header "X-OpenIDM-Password: openidm-admin"

--data '{"key":"emailNotification", "fromSender":"noreply@openidm", "toEmail":"jdoe@example.com"}'

--request POST

"http://localhost:8080/openidm/workflow/processinstance?_action=createProcessInstance"

</screen>

<para>To schedule the workflow to be invoked regularly, create a schedule

configuration object named

<filename>openidm/conf/schedule-EmailNotification.json</filename>. The

following schedule invokes the workflow once per minute.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

{

"enabled" : true,

"type" : "cron",

"schedule" : "0 0/1 * * * ?",

"invokeService" : "script",

"invokeContext" : {

"script" : {

"type" : "text/javascript",

"file" : "script/invokeEmailNotification.js"

},

}

}</programlisting>

<!-- TODO: Failing to get this to work for now. Observing these log messages:

</section>

<!-- Add Matthias's simpler example when I've tested it

<section xml:id="example-activiti-recon-sunset-flow">

<title>Example Sunset Workflow Triggered By Reconciliation</title>

<para>You can use OpenIDM to manage deferred deprovisioning and disabling

of user accounts. For example, when an external consultant's contract

expires or is up for renewal, you can use the workflow capabilities of

OpenIDM to manage this scenario.</para>

<para>In the following example, the authoritative source is a CSV file. The

target resource is an XML file. A mapping is configured to reconcile accounts

between the CSV file and the XML file (no changes are made to the accounts in

the internal OpenIDM repository). Initially, the user exists in the XML file

only. The user is then added to the CSV file, and a reconciliation process is

run. As a result of the correlation query, the syncronization engine finds the

user in the XML file, and the situation therefore results in a

<literal>FOUND</literal> response.</para>

<orderedlist><para>To replicate the example, follow these steps:</para>

<listitem><para>Set up a CSV file connector to connect to the

authoritative CSV source file. The file contains the following entry:

</para>

<!-- TODO: need a script or steps to generate dates for the example, because

<programlisting language="csv" width="92"><?dbfo pgwide="1"?>

firstName,uid,"lastName","email","employeeNumber",password,"sunrise","sunset","active"

"Darth","DDOE","Doe","doe@example.com","123456","Z29vZA==",

"2012-06-30T00:00:00Z","2012-12-23T00:00:00Z","TRUE"</programlisting>

<para>The authoritative source contains the field,

<literal>sunset</literal>, whose value is a date and time string that

references a time in the future, in this example

<literal>2012-12-23T00:00:00Z</literal>.</para>

<para>For information about configuring the CSV file connector, see

<link xlink:role="http://docbook.org/xlink/role/olink"

xlink:href="integrators-guide#csv-file-connector">

<citetitle>CSV File Connector</citetitle></link>.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Set up a simple XML connector to replicate the fields in the

authoritative CSV source on a one to one basis.</para>

</listitem>

</orderedlist>

<para></para> <!-- TODO: Howto steps or link to howto -->

<para>Define a Sunset Workflow using Activiti Eclipse BPMN 2.0

Designer.</para>

<mediaobject xml:id="figure-bpmn-sunset-flow">

<alt>Sunset workflow process</alt>

<imageobject>

<imagedata fileref="images/bpmn-sunset-flow.png" format="PNG" />

</imageobject>

<textobject>

<para>The sunset workflow starts by saving the invoke context, prepares

the call to OpenIDM, reads the user, runs an email notification, disables

the account, and ends.</para>

</textobject>

</mediaobject>

<para>Use the following XML artifact.</para>

<programlisting language="xml">

&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&gt;

&lt;definitions id=&quot;definitions&quot;

xmlns=&quot;http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/MODEL&quot;

xmlns:activiti=&quot;http://activiti.org/bpmn&quot;

targetNamespace=&quot;Examples&quot;

xmlns:xsi=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&quot;

xsi:schemaLocation=&quot;http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/MODEL

http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/2.0/20100501/BPMN20.xsd&quot;&gt;

&lt;process id=&quot;sunset&quot; name=&quot;sunset usecase&quot;&gt;

&lt;startEvent id=&quot;start&quot; /&gt;

&lt;sequenceFlow sourceRef=&quot;start&quot; targetRef=&quot;saveInvokeContext&quot;/&gt;

&lt;scriptTask id=&quot;saveInvokeContext&quot; scriptFormat=&quot;groovy&quot;

activiti:returnVariable=&quot;invokecontext&quot;&gt;

&lt;script&gt;

&lt;![CDATA[

invokecontext =

org.forgerock.openidm.objset.ObjectSetContext.get()

]]&gt;

&lt;/script&gt;

&lt;/scriptTask&gt;

&lt;sequenceFlow sourceRef=&quot;saveInvokeContext&quot;

targetRef=&quot;timerintermediatecatchevent1&quot;/&gt;

&lt;intermediateCatchEvent id=&quot;timerintermediatecatchevent1&quot;

name=&quot;TimerCatchEvent&quot;&gt;

&lt;extensionElements&gt;

&lt;activiti:field name=&quot;t&quot; expression=&quot;${time}&quot;

&gt;&lt;/activiti:field&gt;

&lt;/extensionElements&gt;

&lt;timerEventDefinition&gt;

&lt;timeDate &gt;${time}&lt;/timeDate&gt;

&lt;/timerEventDefinition&gt;

&lt;/intermediateCatchEvent&gt;

&lt;sequenceFlow sourceRef=&quot;timerintermediatecatchevent1&quot;

targetRef=&quot;idmCall&quot;/&gt;

&lt;serviceTask id=&quot;idmCall&quot; activiti:delegateExpression=&quot;${openidm}&quot;

activiti:async=&quot;true&quot;&gt;

&lt;extensionElements&gt;

&lt;activiti:field name=&quot;userName&quot; expression=&quot;${userName}&quot;

&gt;&lt;/activiti:field&gt;

&lt;activiti:field name=&quot;system&quot; expression=&quot;${system}&quot;

&gt;&lt;/activiti:field&gt;

&lt;/extensionElements&gt;

&lt;/serviceTask&gt;

&lt;sequenceFlow sourceRef=&quot;idmCall&quot; targetRef=&quot;readUserAccount&quot;/&gt;

&lt;scriptTask id=&quot;readUserAccount&quot; scriptFormat=&quot;groovy&quot;

activiti:returnVariable=&quot;user&quot; &gt;

&lt;script&gt;

&lt;![CDATA[

out:println '********Sunset date for user ' + userName

user = openidm.read(system + userName);

]]&gt;

&lt;/script&gt;

&lt;/scriptTask&gt;

&lt;sequenceFlow sourceRef=&quot;readUserAccount&quot; targetRef=&quot;sendMail&quot;/&gt;

&lt;serviceTask id=&quot;sendMail&quot; name=&quot;Email Notification&quot;

activiti:type=&quot;mail&quot;&gt;

&lt;extensionElements&gt;

&lt;activiti:field name=&quot;to&quot; expression=&quot;${toEmail}&quot;

&gt;&lt;/activiti:field&gt;

&lt;activiti:field name=&quot;from&quot; expression=&quot;no-reply@forgerock.com&quot;

&gt;&lt;/activiti:field&gt;

&lt;activiti:field name=&quot;subject&quot; expression=&quot;Disabling User&quot;

&gt;&lt;/activiti:field&gt;

&lt;activiti:field name=&quot;text&quot;&gt;

&lt;activiti:expression&gt;&lt;![CDATA[

The following user has been disabled:

${user}]]&gt;

&lt;/activiti:expression&gt;

&lt;/activiti:field&gt;

&lt;/extensionElements&gt;

&lt;/serviceTask&gt;

&lt;sequenceFlow sourceRef=&quot;sendMail&quot; targetRef=&quot;disableAccount&quot;/&gt;

&lt;scriptTask id=&quot;disableAccount&quot; scriptFormat=&quot;groovy&quot;&gt;

&lt;script&gt;

&lt;![CDATA[

out:println '********Disabling user account ' + userName

user['__ENABLE__'] = false

openidm.update(system + userName, null, user)

]]&gt;

&lt;/script&gt;

&lt;/scriptTask&gt;

&lt;sequenceFlow sourceRef=&quot;disableAccount&quot; targetRef=&quot;end&quot;/&gt;

&lt;endEvent id=&quot;end&quot;/&gt;

&lt;/process&gt;

&lt;/definitions&gt;</programlisting>

<para>Set up a deferred action during reconciliation by reacting to a

<literal>FOUND</literal> situation. When called, the script invoked must

return the proper action to the found situation, which in the case of this

example is <literal>LINK</literal>.</para>

<para>Add the following script to

<filename>script/triggerSunset.js</filename> where you installed OpenIDM,

invoked when reconciliation encounters a <literal>FOUND</literal>

situation.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

/*

* Calling 'sunrise' workflow

*/

var params = {

"userName" : target.__UID__,

"system" : "system/xmlfile/account/",

"time" : source.sunset,

"toEmail" : "manager@corp.org",

"fromSender" : "noreply@openidm"

};

openidm.action('workflow/processinstance', {"_action" : "createProcessInstance"},

{"key":"sunrise", "keyrequired" : params});

</programlisting>

<para>Add the following schedule to

<filename>conf/scheduler-reconcile_HR_XML.json</filename> where you

installed OpenIDM to invoke the script.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

{

"enabled" : true,

"type" : "cron",

"schedule" : "0 08 16 * * ?",

"invokeService" : "sync",

"invokeContext" : {

"action" : "reconcile",

"mapping" : {

"name" : "CSV_XML",

"source" : "system/CSV/persons",

"target" : "system/xmlfile/account",

"correlationQuery" : {

"type" : "text/javascript",

"source" : "var myarray = [source.uid];var map = {

'query' : {

'Equals': {'field' : 'name','values' : myarray}

}

};map;"

},

"properties" : [

{

"source" : "firstname",

"target" : "firstname"

},

{

"source" : "uid",

"target" : "name"

},

{

"source" : "lastname",

"target" : "lastname"

},

{

"source" : "email",

"target" : "email"

}

],

"policies" : [

{

"situation" : "CONFIRMED",

"action" : "IGNORE"

},

<emphasis role="bold">{

"situation" : "FOUND",

"action" : {

"type" : "text/javascript",

"file" : "script/triggerSunset.js"

}

},</emphasis>

{

"situation" : "ABSENT",

"action" : "IGNORE"

},

{

"situation" : "AMBIGUOUS",

"action" : "IGNORE"

},

{

"situation" : "MISSING",

"action" : "IGNORE"

},

{

"situation" : "UNQUALIFIED",

"action" : "IGNORE"

},

{

"situation" : "UNASSIGNED",

"action" : "IGNORE"

}

]

}

}

}</programlisting>

</section>

</section>

</chapter>