<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<appendix xml:id='appendix-objects'

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version='5.0' xml:lang='en'

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xsi:schemaLocation='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook http://docbook.org/xml/5.0/xsd/docbook.xsd'

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xmlns:xinclude='http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude'>

<title>Data Models &amp; Objects Reference</title>

<para>OpenIDM allows you to customize a variety of objects that can be

addressed via a URL or URI, and that have a common set of functions that

OpenIDM can perform on them such as CRUD, query, and action.</para>

<para>Depending on how you intend to use them, different objects are

appropriate.</para>

<table pgwide="1" xml:id="table-object-types">

<title>OpenIDM Objects</title>

<indexterm>

<primary>Objects</primary>

<secondary>Object types</secondary>

</indexterm>

<tgroup cols="3">

<colspec colnum="1" colwidth="2*"/>

<colspec colnum="2" colwidth="3*"/>

<colspec colnum="3" colwidth="2*"/>

<thead>

<row>

<entry>Object Type</entry>

<entry>Intended Use</entry>

<entry>Special Functionality</entry>

</row>

</thead>

<tbody>

<row>

<entry>Managed objects</entry>

<entry>Serve as targets and sources for synchronization, and to build

virtual identities.</entry>

<entry>Provide appropriate auditing, script hooks, declarative mappings

and so forth in addition to the REST interface.</entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry>Configuration objects</entry>

<entry>Ideal for look-up tables or other custom configuration, which

can be configured externally like any other system configuration.</entry>

<entry>Adds file view, REST interface, and so forth</entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry>Repository objects</entry>

<entry>The equivalent of arbitrary database table access. Appropriate

when it is appropriate to manage data purely through the underlying

data store or repository API.</entry>

<entry>Persistence and API access</entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry>System objects</entry>

<entry>Representation of target resource objects, such as accounts,

but also resource objects such as groups.</entry>

<entry>&#160;</entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry>Audit objects</entry>

<entry>Houses audit data in the OpenIDM internal repository.</entry>

<entry>&#160;</entry>

</row>

<row>

<entry>Links</entry>

<entry>Defines a relation between two objects.</entry>

<entry>&#160;</entry>

</row>

</tbody>

</tgroup>

</table>

<section xml:id="objects-resource-api">

<title>Accessing Objects</title>

<indexterm>

<primary>Objects</primary>

<secondary>Script access</secondary>

</indexterm>

<para>OpenIDM's uniform programming model means that all objects are queried

and manipulated in the same way from your scripts using the Resource API.

The URL or URI used to identify the target object for an operation depends

on the object type. Also additional functionality is available for different

types of object, known as <firstterm>Resource Sets</firstterm>.</para>

<para>For example, you get managed objects, configuration objects, and

repository objects in the following way using the Resource API. See the

section on <link xlink:href="integrators-guide#rest-uri-scheme"

xlink:role="http://docbook.org/xlink/role/olink">

<citetitle>URI Scheme</citetitle></link> for information on how to

construct and object ID.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

val = openidm.read("managed/organization/mysampleorg")

val = openidm.read("config/custom/mylookuptable")

val = openidm.read("repo/custom/mylookuptable")</programlisting>

<para>You update entire objects with the <literal>update()</literal>

function.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

openidm.update("managed/organization/mysampleorg", mymap)

openidm.update("config/custom/mylookuptable", mymap)

openidm.update("repo/custom/mylookuptable", mymap)</programlisting>

<para>The <literal>create()</literal>, <literal>delete()</literal>, and

<literal>query()</literal> functions work in similar fashion.</para>

<para>To get a managed object through the REST API, depending on your

security settings and authentication configuration, perform an HTTP GET

on a similar URL, such as

<literal>https://localhost:8443/openidm/managed/organization/mysampleorg</literal>.</para>

<para>By default, the HTTP GET returns a JSON representation of the object.

See the <link xlink:href="integrators-guide#appendix-rest"

xlink:role="http://docbook.org/xlink/role/olink"><citetitle>REST

API Reference</citetitle></link> appendix for details.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-objects">

<title>Managed Objects</title>

<indexterm>

<primary>Objects</primary>

<secondary>Managed objects</secondary>

</indexterm>

<para>A <firstterm>managed object</firstterm> in OpenIDM is an object which

represents the identity-related data managed by OpenIDM. Managed objects

are stored by OpenIDM in its data store. All managed objects are JSON-based

data structures.</para>

<section xml:id="managed-object-schema">

<title>Managed Object Schema</title>

<para>Managed objects have an associated schema to enforce a specific

data structure. Schema is specified using the <link xlink:show="new"

xlink:href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zyp-json-schema-03">JSON

Schema</link> specification. This is currently an Internet-Draft, with

implementations in multiple programming languages.</para>

<section xml:id="managed-object-reserved-properties">

<title>Managed Object Reserved Properties</title>

<para>Top-level properties in a managed object that begin with an underscore

( <literal>_</literal> ) are reserved by OpenIDM for internal use, and are

not explicitly part of its schema. Internal properties are read-only, and

are ignored when provided by the REST API client.</para>

<variablelist>

<para>The following properties exist for all managed objects in

OpenIDM.</para>

<varlistentry>

<term>_id</term>

<listitem>

<para>string</para>

<para>The unique identifier for the object. This value forms a part

of the managed object's URI.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>_rev</term>

<listitem>

<para>string</para>

<para>The revision of the object. This is the same value that is

exposed as the object's ETag through the REST API. The content of this

attribute is not defined. No consumer should make any assumptions

of its content beyond equivalence comparison. This attribute may

be provided by the underlying data store.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>_schema_id</term>

<listitem>

<para>string</para>

<para>The a reference to the schema object that the managed object

is associated with.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>_schema_rev</term>

<listitem>

<para>string</para>

<para>The revision of the schema that was used for validation when

the object was last stored.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-object-schema-validation">

<title>Managed Object Schema Validation</title>

<para>Schema validation is performed unequivocally whenever an object

is stored, and conditionally whenever an object is retrieved from the

data store and exhibits a <literal>_schema_rev</literal> value that

differs from the <literal>_rev</literal> of the schema that the OpenIDM

instance currently has for that managed object type. Whenever a schema

validation is performed, the <literal>_schema_rev</literal> of the object

is updated to contain the <literal>_rev</literal> value of the current

schema.</para>

<!--

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-object-derived-properties">

<title>Managed Object Derived Properties</title>

<para>Properties can be defined to be strictly derived from other

properties within the object. This allows computed and composite

values to be created in the object. Whenever an object undergoes a

change, all derived properties are recomputed. The value of derived

properties are stored in the data store, and are not recomputed upon

retrieval.</para>

<!-- PB: Mechanism for defining a derived property will likely be through a JavaScript trigger. -->

</section>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-object-data-consistency">

<title>Data Consistency</title>

<para>Single-object operations shall be consistent within the scope of

the operation performed, limited by capabilities of the underlying

data store. Bulk operations shall not have any consistency

guarantees. OpenIDM does not expose any transactional semantics

in the managed object access API.</para>

<para>All access through the REST API uses the ETag and associated

conditional headers: <literal>If-Match</literal>,

<literal>If-None-Match</literal>. In operations that

modify model objects, conditional headers are mandatory.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-object-triggers">

<title>Managed Object Triggers</title>

<para><firstterm>Triggers</firstterm> are user-definable functions that

validate or modify object or property state.</para>

<section xml:id="managed-object-state-triggers">

<title>State Triggers</title>

<para>Managed objects are resource-oriented. A set of triggers is

defined to intercept the supported request methods on managed

objects. Such triggers are intended to perform authorization, redact,

or modify objects before the action is performed. The object

being operated on is in scope for each trigger, meaning that the

object is retrieved by the data store before the trigger is fired.</para>

<para>If retrieval of the object fails, the failure occurs before any

trigger is called. Triggers are executed before any optimistic

concurrency mechanisms are invoked. The reason for this is to

prevent a potential attacker from getting information about an

object (including its presence in the data store) before

authorization is applied.</para>

<!-- PB: Status codes and internationalization considerations are still TBD. -->

<variablelist>

<varlistentry>

<term>onCreate</term>

<listitem>

<para>Called upon a request to create a new object. Throwing an

exception causes the create to fail.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onRead</term>

<listitem>

<para>Called upon a request to retrieve a whole object or portion of

an object. Throwing an exception causes the object to not be

included in the result. This method is also called when lists of

objects are retrieved via requests to its container object; in this

case, only the requested properties are included in the object.

Allows for uniform access control for retrieval of objects,

regardless of the method in which they were requested.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onUpdate</term>

<listitem>

<para>Called upon a request to store an object. The "old" and "new"

objects are in-scope for the trigger. The "old" object represents a

complete object as retrieved from the data store. The trigger can

elect to change "new" object properties. If as a result of the

trigger the object's "old" and "new" values are identical (that is,

update is reverted), the update ends prematurely, though

successfully. Throwing an exception causes the update to fail.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onDelete</term>

<listitem>

<para>Called upon a request to delete an object. Throwing an

exception causes the deletion to fail.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-object-storage-triggers">

<title>Object Storage Triggers</title>

<variablelist>

<para>An object-scoped trigger applies to an entire object. Unless

otherwise specified, the object itself is in scope for the trigger.</para>

<varlistentry>

<term>onValidate</term>

<listitem>

<para>Validates an object prior to its

storage into the data store. Throws an exception in the event of a

validation failure.</para>

<!-- i18n TBD. -->

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onRetrieve</term>

<listitem>

<para>Called when an object is retrieved from the data store.

Typically used to transform an object after it has been retrieved

(for example decryption, JIT data conversion).</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onStore</term>

<listitem>

<para>Called just prior to when an object is stored into the data

store. Typically used to transform an object just prior to its

storage (for example, encryption).</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-object-property-storage-triggers">

<title>Property Storage Triggers</title>

<para>A property-scoped trigger applies to a specific property within

an object. Only the property itself is in scope for the trigger&#8212;no

other properties in the object should be accessed during execution

of the trigger. Unless otherwise specified, the order of execution

of property-scoped triggers is intentionally left undefined.</para>

<variablelist>

<varlistentry>

<term>onValidate</term>

<listitem>

<para>Validates a given property value after its retrieval from and

prior to its storage into the data store. Throws an exception in the

event of a validation failure.</para>

<!-- i18n of validation error TBD. -->

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onRetrieve</term>

<listitem>

<para>Called after an object is retrieved from the data store.

Typically used to transform a given property after its object's

retrieval.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onStore</term>

<listitem>

<para>Called prior to when an object is stored into the data

store. Typically used to transform a given property prior to its

object's storage.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-object-storage-trigger-sequences">

<title>Storage Trigger Sequences</title>

<para>The triggers are executed in the following orders.</para>

<orderedlist xml:id="managed-object-retrieval-sequence">

<title>Object Retrieval Sequence</title>

<listitem>

<para>Retrieve the raw object from the data store</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Call object <literal>onRetrieve</literal> trigger</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Per-property within the object (order undefined):</para>

<itemizedlist>

<listitem>

<para>Call property <literal>onRetrieve</literal> trigger</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Perform schema validation if <literal>_schema_rev</literal>

does not match (see the <link

linkend="managed-object-schema-validation"><citetitle>Schema

Validation</citetitle></link> section)</para>

</listitem>

</itemizedlist>

</listitem>

</orderedlist>

<orderedlist xml:id="managed-object-storage-sequence">

<title>Object Storage Sequence</title>

<listitem>

<para>Per-property within the object (order undefined):</para>

<itemizedlist>

<listitem>

<para>Call property <literal>onValidate</literal> trigger</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Call object <literal>onValidate</literal> trigger</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Perform schema validation (see the <link

linkend="managed-object-schema-validation"><citetitle>Schema

Validation</citetitle></link> section)</para>

</listitem>

</itemizedlist>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Per-property trigger within the object (order undefined):</para>

<itemizedlist>

<listitem>

<para>Call property <literal>onStore</literal> trigger</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Call object <literal>onStore</literal> trigger</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>Store the object with any resulting changes to the data

store</para>

</listitem>

</itemizedlist>

</listitem>

</orderedlist>

</section>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-object-encryption">

<title>Managed Object Encryption</title>

<para>Sensitive object properties can be encrypted prior to storage,

typically through the property <literal>onStore</literal> trigger. The

trigger has access to configuration data, which can include arbitrary

attributes that you define, such as a symmetric encryption key. Such

attributes can be decrypted during retrieval from the data store through

the property <literal>onRetrieve</literal> trigger.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-object-configuration">

<title>Managed Object Configuration</title>

<para>Configuration of managed objects is provided through an array of

managed object configuration objects.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

{

"objects": [ <replaceable>managed-object-config object</replaceable>, ... ]

}</programlisting>

<variablelist>

<varlistentry>

<term>objects</term>

<listitem>

<para>array of managed-object-config objects, required</para>

<para>Specifies the objects that the managed object service

manages.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

<variablelist xml:id="managed-object-config-object-properties">

<title>Managed-Object-Config Object Properties</title>

<para>Specifies the configuration of each managed object.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

{

"name" : <replaceable>string</replaceable>,

"schema" : <replaceable>json-schema object</replaceable>,

"onCreate" : <replaceable>script object</replaceable>,

"onRead" : <replaceable>script object</replaceable>,

"onUpdate" : <replaceable>script object</replaceable>,

"onDelete" : <replaceable>script object</replaceable>,

"onValidate": <replaceable>script object</replaceable>,

"onRetrieve": <replaceable>script object</replaceable>,

"onStore" : <replaceable>script object</replaceable>,

"properties": [ <replaceable>property-configuration object</replaceable>, ... ]

}</programlisting>

<varlistentry>

<term>name</term>

<listitem>

<para>string, required</para>

<para>The name of the managed object. Used to identify the

managed object in URIs and identifiers.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>schema</term>

<listitem>

<para>json-schema object, optional</para>

<para>The schema to use to validate the structure and content of

the managed object. The schema-object format is specified by the

JSON Schema specification.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onCreate</term>

<listitem>

<para>script object, optional</para>

<para>A script object to trigger when the creation of an object

is being requested. The object to be created is provided in the

root scope as an object property. The script may change the

object. If an exception is thrown, the create aborts with an

exception.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onRead</term>

<listitem>

<para>script object, optional</para>

<para>A script object to trigger when the read of an object is

being requested. The object being read is provided in the root

scope as an object property. The script may change the object.

If an exception is thrown, the read aborts with an

exception.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onUpdate</term>

<listitem>

<para>script object, optional</para>

<para>A script object to trigger when an update to an object is

requested. The old value of the object being updated is provided

in the root scope as an <literal>oldObject</literal> property. The new

value of the object being updated is provided in the root scope as a

<literal>newObject</literal> property. The script may change the

<literal>newObject</literal>. If an exception is thrown, the update

aborts with an exception.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onDelete</term>

<listitem>

<para>script object, optional</para>

<para>A script object to trigger when the deletion of an object

is being requested. The object being deleted is provided in the

root scope as an object property. If an exception is thrown, the

deletion aborts with an exception.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onValidate</term>

<listitem>

<para>script object, optional</para>

<para>A script object to trigger when the object requires

validation. The object to be validated is provided in the root

scope as an object property. If an exception is thrown, the

validation fails.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onRetrieve</term>

<listitem>

<para>script object, optional</para>

<para>A script object to trigger once an object is retrieved from

the repository. The object that was retrieved is provided in the

root scope as an object property. The script may change the

object. If an exception is thrown, then object retrieval

fails.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onStore</term>

<listitem>

<para>script object, optional</para>

<para>A script object to trigger when an object is about to be

stored in the repository. The object to be stored is provided in

the root scope as an object property. The script may change the

object. If an exception is thrown, then object storage

fails.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>properties</term>

<listitem>

<para>array of property-config objects, optional</para>

<para>A list of property specifications.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

<variablelist xml:id="managed-object-script-object-properties">

<title>Script Object Properties</title>

<programlisting language="javascript">

{

"type" : "text/javascript",

"source": <replaceable>string</replaceable>

}</programlisting>

<varlistentry>

<term>type</term>

<listitem>

<para>string, required</para>

<para>Specifies the type of script to be executed. Currently, only

<literal>"text/javascript"</literal> is supported.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>source, file</term>

<listitem>

<para>string, required (only one, source or file is required)</para>

<para>Specifies the source code of the script (key word script), or the pointer to the file containing the script (key word file), to be executed.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

<variablelist xml:id="managed-object-property-config-properties">

<title>Property Config Properties</title>

<programlisting language="javascript">

{

"name" : <replaceable>string</replaceable>,

"onValidate": <replaceable>script object</replaceable>,

"onRetrieve": <replaceable>script object</replaceable>,

"onStore" : <replaceable>script object</replaceable>,

"encryption": <replaceable>property-encryption object</replaceable>

}</programlisting>

<varlistentry>

<term>name</term>

<listitem>

<para>string, required</para>

<para>The name of the property being configured.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onValidate</term>

<listitem>

<para>script object, optional</para>

<para>A script object to trigger when the property requires

validation. The property to be validated is provided in the root

scope as the <literal>property</literal> property. If an exception is

thrown, the validation fails.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onRetrieve</term>

<listitem>

<para>script object, optional</para>

<para>A script object to trigger once a property is retrieved

from the repository. The property that was retrieved is provided

in the root scope as the <literal>property</literal> property. The

script may change the property value. If an exception is thrown, then

object retrieval fails.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>onStore</term>

<listitem>

<para>script object, optional</para>

<para>A script object to trigger when a property is about to be

stored in the repository. The property to be stored is provided

in the root scope as the <literal>property</literal> property. The

script may change the property value. If an exception is thrown, then

object storage fails.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>encryption</term>

<listitem>

<para>property-encryption object, optional</para>

<para>Specifies the configuration for encryption of the property

in the repository. If omitted or null, the property is not

encrypted.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

<variablelist xml:id="managed-object-property-encryption-properties">

<title>Property Encryption Object</title>

<programlisting language="javascript">

{

"cipher": <replaceable>string</replaceable>,

"key" : <replaceable>string</replaceable>

}</programlisting>

<varlistentry>

<term>cipher</term>

<listitem>

<para>string, optional</para>

<para>The cipher transformation used to encrypt the property. If

omitted or null, the default cipher of

<literal>"AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding"</literal> is used.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>key</term>

<listitem>

<para>string, required</para>

<para>The alias of the key in the OpenIDM cryptography service

keystore used to encrypt the property.</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</section>

<section xml:id="custom-managed-objects">

<title>Custom Managed Objects</title>

<indexterm>

<primary>Objects</primary>

<secondary>Managed objects</secondary>

<tertiary>Customizing</tertiary>

</indexterm>

<para>Managed objects in OpenIDM are inherently fully user definable and

customizable. Like all OpenIDM objects, managed objects can maintain

relationships to each other in the form of links. Managed objects are

intended for use as targets and sources for synchronization operations to

represent domain objects, and to build up virtual identities. The name comes

from the intention that OpenIDM stores and manages these objects, as opposed

to system objects that are present in external systems.</para>

<para>OpenIDM can synchronize and map directly between external systems

(system objects), without storing intermediate managed objects. Managed

objects are appropriate, however, as a way to cache the data&#8212;for

example, when mapping to multiple target systems, or when decoupling the

availability of systems&#8212;to more fully report and audit on all object

changes during reconciliation, and to build up views that are different from

the original source, such transformed and combined or virtual views. Managed

objects can also be allowed to act as an authoritative source if no other

appropriate source is available.</para>

<para>Other object types exist for other settings that should be available

to a script, such as configuration or look-up tables that do not need audit

logging.</para>

<section xml:id="managed-objects-setup">

<title>Setting Up a Managed Object Type</title>

<para>To set up a managed object, you declare the object in the

<filename>conf/managed.json</filename> file where OpenIDM is installed.

The following example adds a simple <literal>foobar</literal> object

declaration after the user object type.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

{

"objects": [

{

"name": "user"

},

{

"name": "foobar"

}

]

}</programlisting>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-objects-declarative">

<title>Manipulating Managed Objects Declaratively</title>

<para>By mapping an object to another object, either an external system

object or another internal managed object, you automatically tie the object

life cycle and property settings to the other object. See the chapter on

<link xlink:href="integrators-guide#chap-synchronization"

xlink:role="http://docbook.org/xlink/role/olink"

><citetitle>Configuring Synchronization</citetitle></link> for

details.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-objects-programmatic">

<title>Manipulating Managed Objects Programmatically</title>

<para>You can address managed objects as resources using URLs or URIs with

the <literal>managed/</literal> prefix. This works whether you address the

managed object internally as a script running in OpenIDM or externally

through the REST interface.</para>

<para>You can use all resource API functions in script objects for

create, read, update, delete operations, and also for arbitrary queries on

the object set, but not currently for arbitrary actions. See the

<link xlink:href="integrators-guide#appendix-scripting"

xlink:role="http://docbook.org/xlink/role/olink"

><citetitle>Scripting Reference</citetitle></link> appendix for

details.</para>

<para>OpenIDM supports concurrency through a multi version concurrency

control (MVCC) mechanism. In other words, each time an object changes,

OpenIDM assigns it a new revision.</para>

<para>Objects can be arbitrarily complex as long as they use supported

types, such as maps, lists, numbers, strings, and booleans as defined in

<link xlink:href="http://www.json.org" xlink:show="new">JSON</link>.</para>

<section xml:id="managed-objects-programmatic-create">

<title>Creating Objects</title>

<para>The following script example creates an object type.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

openidm.create("managed/foobar/myidentifier", mymap)</programlisting>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-objects-programmatic-update">

<title>Updating Objects</title>

<para>The following script example updates an object type.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">var expectedRev = origMap._rev

openidm.update("managed/foobar/myidentifier", expectedRev, mymap)</programlisting>

<para>The MVCC mechanism requires that <literal>expectedRev</literal>

be set to the expected revision of the object to update. You obtain the

revision from the object's <literal>_rev</literal> property. If something

else changes the object concurrently, OpenIDM rejects the update, and you

must either retry or inspect the concurrent modification.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-objects-programmatic-patch">

<title>Patching Objects</title>

<para>You can partially update an object using a patch, which changes only

the specified properties of the object. OpenIDM supports patch by query,

so the caller need not know the identifier of the object to change.</para>

<screen width="90"><?dbfo pgwide="1"?>$ curl

--header "X-OpenIDM-Username: openidm-admin"

--header "X-OpenIDM-Password: openidm-admin"

--request POST -d '[{"replace":"/adPassword","value": "Password"}]'

http://localhost:8080/openidm/managed/user?_action=patch&amp;_queryId=for-username&amp;uid=DDOE</screen>

<para>For the syntax on how to formulate the query

<literal>_queryId=for-username&amp;uid=DDOE</literal> see

<xref linkend="managed-objects-programmatic-query"/>.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-objects-programmatic-delete">

<title>Deleting Objects</title>

<para>The following script example deletes an object type.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">var expectedRev = origMap._rev

openidm.delete("managed/foobar/myidentifier", expectedRev)</programlisting>

<para>The MVCC mechanism requires that <literal>expectedRev</literal>

be set to the expected revision of the object to update. You obtain the

revision from the object's <literal>_rev</literal> property. If something

else changes the object concurrently, OpenIDM rejects deletion, and you

must either retry or inspect the concurrent modification.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-objects-programmatic-read">

<title>Reading Objects</title>

<para>The following script example reads an object type.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

val = openidm.read("managed/foobar/myidentifier")</programlisting>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-objects-programmatic-query">

<title>Querying Object Sets</title>

<para>The following script example queries object type instances.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

var params = {

"_queryId": "my-custom-query-id",

"mycustomtoken": "samplevalue"

};

val = openidm.query("managed/foobar", params);</programlisting>

<para>The example sets up a query with ID

<literal>my-custom-query-id</literal>. The query definition (not shown)

is found in the repository configuration. The query definition includes

the parameter <literal>mycustomtoken</literal> for token

substitution.</para>

<para>An example for a query can be found in chapter <link

xlink:href="integrators-guide#correlation-query-managed-object"

xlink:role="http://docbook.org/xlink/role/olink">

<citetitle>Managed Object as Correlation Query Target</citetitle>

</link>.</para>

</section>

</section>

</section>

<section xml:id="managed-objects-access-rest">

<title>Accessing Managed Objects Through the REST API</title>

<para>OpenIDM exposes all managed object functionality through the REST API

unless you configure a policy to prevent such access. In addition to the

common REST functionality of create, read, update, delete, patch, and query,

the REST API also supports patch by query. See the <link

xlink:href="integrators-guide#appendix-rest"

xlink:role="http://docbook.org/xlink/role/olink"><citetitle>REST

API Reference</citetitle></link> appendix for details.</para>

<para>OpenIDM requires authentication to access the REST API. Authentication

configuration is shown in

<filename>openidm/conf/authentication.json</filename>. The default

authorization filter script is

<filename>openidm/script/router-authz.js</filename>.</para>

</section>

</section>

<section xml:id="configuration-objects-reference">

<title>Configuration Objects</title>

<para>OpenIDM provides an extensible configuration to allow you to leverage

regular configuration mechanisms.</para>

<para>Unlike native OpenIDM configuration, which OpenIDM interprets

automatically and can start new services, OpenIDM stores custom configuration

objects and makes them available to your code through the API.</para>

<para>See the chapter on <link

xlink:href="integrators-guide#chap-configuration"

xlink:role="http://docbook.org/xlink/role/olink"

><citetitle>Configuration Options</citetitle></link> for an introduction

to standard configuration objects.</para>

<section xml:id="configuration-objects-when-to-use">

<title>When To Use Custom Configuration Objects</title>

<para>Configuration objects are ideal for metadata and settings that need

not be included in the data to reconcile. In other words, use configuration

objects for data that does not require audit log, and does not serve

directly as a target or source for mappings.</para>

<para>Although you can set and manipulate configuration objects both

programmatically and also manually, configuration objects are expected to

change slowly, perhaps through a mix of both manual file updates and also

programmatic updates. To store temporary values that can change frequently

and that you do not expect to be updated by configuration file changes,

custom repository objects can be more appropriate.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="configuration-objects-naming">

<title>Custom Configuration Object Naming Conventions</title>

<para>By convention custom configuration objects are added under the

reserved context, <literal>config/custom</literal>.</para>

<para>You can choose any name under

<literal>config/<replaceable>context</replaceable></literal>. Be sure,

however, to choose a value for <replaceable>context</replaceable> that

does not clash with future OpenIDM configuration names.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="configuration-objects-file-mapping">

<title>Mapping Configuration Objects To Configuration Files</title>

<para>If you have not disabled the file based view for configuration, you

can view and edit all configuration including custom configuration in

<filename>openidm/conf/*.json</filename> files. The configuration maps to a

file named

<filename><replaceable>context</replaceable>-<replaceable>config-name</replaceable>.json</filename>,

where <replaceable>context</replaceable> for custom configuration objects

is <literal>custom</literal> by convention, and

<replaceable>config-name</replaceable> is the configuration object name.

A configuration object named <literal>escalation</literal> thus maps to a

file named <filename>conf/custom-escalation.json</filename>.</para>

<para>OpenIDM detects and automatically picks up changes to the file.</para>

<para>OpenIDM also applies changes made through APIs to the file.</para>

<para>By default, OpenIDM stores configuration objects in the repository.

The file view is an added convenience aimed to help you in the development

phase of your project.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="configuration-objects-formats">

<title>Configuration Objects File &amp; REST Payload Formats</title>

<para>By default, OpenIDM maps configuration objects to JSON

representations.</para>

<para>OpenIDM represents objects internally in plain, native types like

maps, lists, strings, numbers, booleans, null. OpenIDM constrains the

object model to simple types so that mapping objects to external

representations is trivial.</para>

<para>The following example shows a representation of a configuration

object with a look-up map.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">{

"CODE123" : "ALERT",

"CODE889" : "IGNORE"

}</programlisting>

<para>In the JSON representation, maps are represented with braces

(<literal>{ }</literal>), and lists are represented with brackets

(<literal>[ ]</literal>). Objects can be arbitrarily complex, as in the

following example.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">{

"CODE123" : {

"email" : ["sample@sample.com", "john.doe@somedomain.com"],

"sms" : ["555666777"]

}

"CODE889" : "IGNORE"

}</programlisting>

</section>

<section xml:id="configuration-objects-access-rest">

<title>Accessing Configuration Objects Through the REST API</title>

<para>You can list all available configuration objects, including system

and custom configurations, using an HTTP GET on

<literal>/openidm/config</literal>.</para>

<para>The <literal>_id</literal> property in the configuration object

provides the link to the configuration details with an HTTP GET on

<literal>/openidm/config/<replaceable>id-value</replaceable></literal>.

By convention, the <replaceable>id-value</replaceable> for a custom

configuration object called <literal>escalation</literal> is

<literal>custom/escalation</literal>.</para>

<para>OpenIDM supports REST mappings for create, read, update, and delete

of configuration objects. Currently OpenIDM does not support patch and

custom query operations for configuration objects.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="configuration-objects-access-programmatic">

<title>Accessing Configuration Objects Programmatically</title>

<para>You can address configuration objects as resources using the URL or

URI <literal>config/</literal> prefix both internally and also through

the REST interface. The resource API provides script object functions for

create, read, update, and delete operations.</para>

<para>OpenIDM supports concurrency through a multi version concurrency

control mechanism. In other words, each time an object changes, OpenIDM

assigns it a new revision.</para>

<para>Objects can be arbitrarily complex as long as they use supported

types, such as maps, lists, numbers, strings, and booleans.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="configuration-objects-programmatic-create">

<title>Creating Objects</title>

<para>The following script example creates an object type.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

openidm.create("config/custom/myconfig", mymap)</programlisting>

</section>

<section xml:id="configuration-objects-programmatic-update">

<para>The following script example updates an object type.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">var expectedRev = origMap._rev

openidm.update("managed/custom/myconfig", expectedRev, mymap)</programlisting>

<para>The MVCC mechanism requires that <literal>expectedRev</literal>

be set to the expected revision of the object to update. You obtain the

revision from the object's <literal>_rev</literal> property. If something

else changes the object concurrently, OpenIDM rejects the update, and you

must either retry or inspect the concurrent modification.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="configuration-objects-programmatic-delete">

<title>Deleting Objects</title>

<para>The following script example deletes an object type.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">var expectedRev = origMap._rev

openidm.delete("config/custom/myconfig", expectedRev)</programlisting>

<para>The MVCC mechanism requires that <literal>expectedRev</literal>

be set to the expected revision of the object to update. You obtain the

revision from the object's <literal>_rev</literal> property. If something

else changes the object concurrently, OpenIDM rejects deletion, and you

must either retry or inspect the concurrent modification.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="configuration-objects-programmatic-read">

<title>Reading Objects</title>

<para>The following script example reads an object type.</para>

<programlisting language="javascript">

val = openidm.read("config/custom/myconfig")</programlisting>

</section>

</section>

<section xml:id="system-objects">

<title>System Objects</title>

<indexterm>

<primary>Objects</primary>

<secondary>System objects</secondary>

</indexterm>

<para><firstterm>System objects</firstterm> are pluggable representations of

objects on external systems. They follow the same RESTful resource based

design principles as managed objects. There is a default implementation for

the OpenICF framework, which allows any connector object to be represented

as a system object.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="audit-objects">

<title>Audit Objects</title>

<indexterm>

<primary>Objects</primary>

<secondary>Audit objects</secondary>

</indexterm>

<para>Audit objects house audit data selected for local storage in the

OpenIDM repository. For details, see the chapter on <link

xlink:role="http://docbook.org/xlink/role/olink"

xlink:href="integrators-guide#chap-auditing"><citetitle>Using Audit

Logs</citetitle></link>.</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="links">

<title>Links</title>

<indexterm>

<primary>Objects</primary>

<secondary>Links</secondary>

</indexterm>

<para>Link objects define relations between source objects and target

objects, usually relations between managed objects and system objects.

The link relationship is established by provisioning activity that either

results in a new account on a target system, or a reconciliation or

synchronization scenario that takes a <literal>LINK</literal> action.</para>

</section>

</appendix>