lwres_getaddrinfo.html revision fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028
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5236N/A<title>lwres_getaddrinfo</title>
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5236N/A<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry">
5236N/A<a name="id-1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
5236N/A<div class="refnamediv">
5236N/A<h2>Name</h2>
5236N/A<p>lwres_getaddrinfo, lwres_freeaddrinfo &#8212; socket address structure to host and service name</p>
5236N/A</div>
5236N/A<div class="refsynopsisdiv">
5236N/A<h2>Synopsis</h2>
5236N/A<div class="funcsynopsis">
5236N/A<pre class="funcsynopsisinfo">#include &lt;lwres/netdb.h&gt;</pre>
5236N/A<table border="0" class="funcprototype-table" summary="Function synopsis" style="cellspacing: 0; cellpadding: 0;">
5236N/A<tr>
5236N/A<td><code class="funcdef">
5236N/Aint
5236N/A<b class="fsfunc">lwres_getaddrinfo</b>(</code></td>
5236N/A<td>const char *<var class="pdparam">hostname</var>, </td>
5236N/A</tr>
5236N/A<tr>
5236N/A<td>�</td>
5236N/A<td>const char *<var class="pdparam">servname</var>, </td>
5236N/A</tr>
5236N/A<tr>
5236N/A<td>�</td>
5236N/A<td>const struct addrinfo *<var class="pdparam">hints</var>, </td>
5236N/A</tr>
5236N/A<tr>
5236N/A<td>�</td>
5236N/A<td>struct addrinfo **<var class="pdparam">res</var><code>)</code>;</td>
5236N/A</tr>
5236N/A</table>
5236N/A<div class="funcprototype-spacer">�</div>
5236N/A<table border="0" class="funcprototype-table" summary="Function synopsis" style="cellspacing: 0; cellpadding: 0;"><tr>
5236N/A<td><code class="funcdef">
5236N/Avoid
5236N/A<b class="fsfunc">lwres_freeaddrinfo</b>(</code></td>
5236N/A<td>struct addrinfo *<var class="pdparam">ai</var><code>)</code>;</td>
5236N/A</tr></table>
5236N/A<div class="funcprototype-spacer">�</div>
5236N/A</div>
5236N/A<p>
5236N/A If the operating system does not provide a
5236N/A <span class="type">struct addrinfo</span>,
5236N/A the following structure is used:
5236N/A </p>
5236N/A<pre class="programlisting">
5236N/Astruct addrinfo {
5236N/A int ai_flags; /* AI_PASSIVE, AI_CANONNAME */
5236N/A int ai_family; /* PF_xxx */
5236N/A int ai_socktype; /* SOCK_xxx */
5236N/A int ai_protocol; /* 0 or IPPROTO_xxx for IPv4 and IPv6 */
5236N/A size_t ai_addrlen; /* length of ai_addr */
5236N/A char *ai_canonname; /* canonical name for hostname */
5236N/A struct sockaddr *ai_addr; /* binary address */
5236N/A struct addrinfo *ai_next; /* next structure in linked list */
5236N/A};
5236N/A</pre>
5236N/A<p>
5236N/A </p>
5236N/A</div>
5236N/A<div class="refsection">
5236N/A<a name="id-1.7"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
5236N/A<p><code class="function">lwres_getaddrinfo()</code>
5236N/A is used to get a list of IP addresses and port numbers for host
5236N/A <em class="parameter"><code>hostname</code></em> and service
5236N/A <em class="parameter"><code>servname</code></em>.
5236N/A
5236N/A The function is the lightweight resolver's implementation of
5236N/A <code class="function">getaddrinfo()</code> as defined in RFC2133.
5236N/A <em class="parameter"><code>hostname</code></em> and
5236N/A <em class="parameter"><code>servname</code></em> are pointers to null-terminated
5236N/A strings or <span class="type">NULL</span>.
5236N/A
5236N/A <em class="parameter"><code>hostname</code></em> is either a host name or a
5236N/A numeric host address string: a dotted decimal IPv4 address or an
5236N/A IPv6 address. <em class="parameter"><code>servname</code></em> is either a
5236N/A decimal port number or a service name as listed in
5236N/A <code class="filename">/etc/services</code>.
5236N/A </p>
5236N/A<p><em class="parameter"><code>hints</code></em>
5236N/A is an optional pointer to a
5236N/A <span class="type">struct addrinfo</span>.
5236N/A This structure can be used to provide hints concerning the type of
5236N/A socket
5236N/A that the caller supports or wishes to use.
5236N/A The caller can supply the following structure elements in
5236N/A <em class="parameter"><code>*hints</code></em>:
5236N/A
5236N/A </p>
5236N/A<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
5236N/A<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">ai_family</code></span></dt>
5236N/A<dd><p>
5236N/A The protocol family that should be used.
5236N/A When
5236N/A <code class="constant">ai_family</code>
5236N/A is set to
5236N/A <span class="type">PF_UNSPEC</span>,
5236N/A it means the caller will accept any protocol family supported by
5236N/A the
5236N/A operating system.
5236N/A </p></dd>
5236N/A<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">ai_socktype</code></span></dt>
5236N/A<dd><p>
5236N/A denotes the type of socket &#8212;
5236N/A <span class="type">SOCK_STREAM</span>,
5236N/A <span class="type">SOCK_DGRAM</span>
5236N/A or
5236N/A <span class="type">SOCK_RAW</span>
5236N/A &#8212; that is wanted.
5236N/A When
5236N/A <code class="constant">ai_socktype</code>
5236N/A is zero the caller will accept any socket type.
5236N/A </p></dd>
5236N/A<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">ai_protocol</code></span></dt>
5236N/A<dd><p>
5236N/A indicates which transport protocol is wanted: IPPROTO_UDP or
5236N/A IPPROTO_TCP.
5236N/A If
5236N/A <code class="constant">ai_protocol</code>
5236N/A is zero the caller will accept any protocol.
5236N/A </p></dd>
5236N/A<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">ai_flags</code></span></dt>
5236N/A<dd>
5236N/A<p>
5236N/A Flag bits.
5236N/A If the
5236N/A <span class="type">AI_CANONNAME</span>
5236N/A bit is set, a successful call to
5236N/A <code class="function">lwres_getaddrinfo()</code>
5236N/A will return a null-terminated string containing the canonical
5236N/A name
5236N/A of the specified hostname in
5236N/A <code class="constant">ai_canonname</code>
5236N/A of the first
5236N/A <span class="type">addrinfo</span>
5236N/A structure returned.
5236N/A Setting the
5236N/A <span class="type">AI_PASSIVE</span>
5236N/A bit indicates that the returned socket address structure is
5236N/A intended
5236N/A for used in a call to
5236N/A <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bind</span>(2)</span>.
5236N/A
5236N/A In this case, if the hostname argument is a
5236N/A <span class="type">NULL</span>
5236N/A pointer, then the IP address portion of the socket
5236N/A address structure will be set to
5236N/A <span class="type">INADDR_ANY</span>
5236N/A for an IPv4 address or
5236N/A <span class="type">IN6ADDR_ANY_INIT</span>
5236N/A for an IPv6 address.
5236N/A </p>
5236N/A<p>
5236N/A When
5236N/A <code class="constant">ai_flags</code>
5236N/A does not set the
5236N/A <span class="type">AI_PASSIVE</span>
5236N/A bit, the returned socket address structure will be ready
5236N/A for use in a call to
5236N/A <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">connect</span>(2)</span>
5236N/A for a connection-oriented protocol or
5236N/A <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">connect</span>(2)</span>,
5236N/A
5236N/A <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sendto</span>(2)</span>,
5236N/A
5236N/A or
5236N/A <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sendmsg</span>(2)</span>
5236N/A if a connectionless protocol was chosen.
5236N/A The IP address portion of the socket address structure will be
5236N/A set to the loopback address if
5236N/A <em class="parameter"><code>hostname</code></em>
5236N/A is a
5236N/A <span class="type">NULL</span>
5236N/A pointer and
5236N/A <span class="type">AI_PASSIVE</span>
5236N/A is not set in
5236N/A <code class="constant">ai_flags</code>.
5236N/A </p>
5236N/A<p>
5236N/A If
5236N/A <code class="constant">ai_flags</code>
5236N/A is set to
5236N/A <span class="type">AI_NUMERICHOST</span>
5236N/A it indicates that
5236N/A <em class="parameter"><code>hostname</code></em>
5236N/A should be treated as a numeric string defining an IPv4 or IPv6
5236N/A address
5236N/A and no name resolution should be attempted.
5236N/A </p>
5236N/A</dd>
5236N/A</dl></div>
5236N/A<p>
5236N/A </p>
5236N/A<p>
5236N/A All other elements of the <span class="type">struct addrinfo</span> passed
5236N/A via <em class="parameter"><code>hints</code></em> must be zero.
5236N/A </p>
5236N/A<p>
5236N/A A <em class="parameter"><code>hints</code></em> of <span class="type">NULL</span> is
5236N/A treated as if
5236N/A the caller provided a <span class="type">struct addrinfo</span> initialized to zero
5236N/A with <code class="constant">ai_family</code>set to
5236N/A <code class="constant">PF_UNSPEC</code>.
5236N/A </p>
5236N/A<p>
5236N/A After a successful call to
5236N/A <code class="function">lwres_getaddrinfo()</code>,
5236N/A <em class="parameter"><code>*res</code></em>
5236N/A is a pointer to a linked list of one or more
5236N/A <span class="type">addrinfo</span>
5236N/A structures.
5236N/A Each
5236N/A <span class="type">struct addrinfo</span>
5236N/A in this list cn be processed by following
5236N/A the
5236N/A <code class="constant">ai_next</code>
5236N/A pointer, until a
5236N/A <span class="type">NULL</span>
5236N/A pointer is encountered.
5236N/A The three members
5236N/A <code class="constant">ai_family</code>,
5236N/A <code class="constant">ai_socktype</code>,
5236N/A and
5236N/A <code class="constant">ai_protocol</code>
5236N/A in each
5236N/A returned
5236N/A <span class="type">addrinfo</span>
5236N/A structure contain the corresponding arguments for a call to
5236N/A <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">socket</span>(2)</span>.
5236N/A For each
5236N/A <span class="type">addrinfo</span>
5236N/A structure in the list, the
5236N/A <code class="constant">ai_addr</code>
5236N/A member points to a filled-in socket address structure of length
5236N/A <code class="constant">ai_addrlen</code>.
5236N/A </p>
5236N/A<p>
5236N/A All of the information returned by
5236N/A <code class="function">lwres_getaddrinfo()</code>
5236N/A is dynamically allocated: the addrinfo structures, and the socket
5236N/A address structures and canonical host name strings pointed to by the
5236N/A <code class="constant">addrinfo</code>structures.
5236N/A Memory allocated for the dynamically allocated structures created by
5236N/A a successful call to
5236N/A <code class="function">lwres_getaddrinfo()</code>
5236N/A is released by
5236N/A <code class="function">lwres_freeaddrinfo()</code>.
5236N/A <em class="parameter"><code>ai</code></em>
5236N/A is a pointer to a
5236N/A <span class="type">struct addrinfo</span>
5236N/A created by a call to
5236N/A <code class="function">lwres_getaddrinfo()</code>.
5236N/A </p>
5236N/A</div>
5236N/A<div class="refsection">
5236N/A<a name="id-1.8"></a><h2>RETURN VALUES</h2>
5236N/A<p><code class="function">lwres_getaddrinfo()</code>
5236N/A returns zero on success or one of the error codes listed in
5236N/A <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gai_strerror</span>(3)</span>
5236N/A if an error occurs. If both <em class="parameter"><code>hostname</code></em> and
5236N/A <em class="parameter"><code>servname</code></em> are <span class="type">NULL</span>
5236N/A <code class="function">lwres_getaddrinfo()</code> returns
5236N/A <span class="errorcode">EAI_NONAME</span>.
5236N/A </p>
5236N/A</div>
5236N/A<div class="refsection">
5236N/A<a name="id-1.9"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
5236N/A<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lwres</span>(3)</span>,
5236N/A
5236N/A <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lwres_getaddrinfo</span>(3)</span>,
5236N/A
5236N/A <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lwres_freeaddrinfo</span>(3)</span>,
5236N/A
5236N/A <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lwres_gai_strerror</span>(3)</span>,
5236N/A
5236N/A <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">RFC2133</span></span>,
5236N/A
5236N/A <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">getservbyname</span>(3)</span>,
5236N/A
5236N/A <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">bind</span>(2)</span>,
5236N/A
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">connect</span>(2)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sendto</span>(2)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">sendmsg</span>(2)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">socket</span>(2)</span>.
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