The serial number of a dynamically updatable zone can
<
command>rndc signing -serial <
replaceable>number</
replaceable> <
replaceable>zonename</
replaceable></
command>.
This is particularly useful with <
option>inline-signing</
option>
zones that have been reset. Setting the serial number to a value
larger than that on the slaves will trigger an AXFR-style
When answering recursive queries, SERVFAIL responses can now be
cached by the server for a limited time; subsequent queries for
the same query name and type will return another SERVFAIL until
the cache times out. This reduces the frequency of retries
when a query is persistently failing, which can be a burden
on recursive serviers. The SERVFAIL cache timeout is controlled
by <
option>servfail-ttl</
option>, which defaults to 10 seconds
and has an upper limit of 30.
The new <
command>rndc nta</
command> command can now be used to
set a "negative trust anchor" (NTA), disabling DNSSEC validation for
a specific domain; this can be used when responses from a domain
are known to be failing validation due to administrative error
rather than because of a spoofing attack. NTAs are strictly
temporary; by default they expire after one hour, but can be
configured to last up to one week. The default NTA lifetime
can be changed by setting the <
option>nta-lifetime</
option> in
The EDNS Client Subnet (ECS) option is now supported for
authoritative servers; if a query contains an ECS option then
ACLs containing <
option>geoip</
option> or <
option>ecs</
option>
elements can match against the the address encoded in the option.
This can be used to select a view for a query, so that different
answers can be provided depending on the client network.
The EDNS EXPIRE option has been implemented on the client
side, allowing a slave server to set the expiration timer
correctly when transferring zone data from another slave
A new <
option>masterfile-style</
option> zone option controls
the formatting of text zone files: When set to
<
literal>full</
literal>, the zone file will dumped in
single-line-per-record format.
<
command>dig +ednsopt</
command> can now be used to set
arbitrary EDNS options in DNS requests.
<
command>dig +ednsflags</
command> can now be used to set
yet-to-be-defined EDNS flags in DNS requests.
<
command>dig +ttlunits</
command> causes <
command>dig</
command>
to print TTL values with time-unit suffixes: w, d, h, m, s for
weeks, days, hours, minutes, and seconds.
<
command>dig +dscp=<
replaceable>value</
replaceable></
command>
can now be used to set the DSCP code point in outgoing query
<
option>serial-update-method</
option> can now be set to
<
literal>date</
literal>. On update, the serial number will
be set to the current date in YYYYMMDDNN format.
<
command>dnssec-signzone -N date</
command> also sets the serial
<
command>named -L <
replaceable>filename</
replaceable></
command>
causes named to send log messages to the specified file by
default instead of to the system log.
The rate limiter configured by the
<
option>serial-query-rate</
option> option no longer covers
NOTIFY messages; those are now separately controlled by
<
option>notify-rate</
option> and
<
option>startup-notify-rate</
option> (the latter of which
controls the rate of NOTIFY messages sent when the server
is first started up or reconfigured).
<
sect2 id="relnotes_changes">
<
title>Feature Changes</
title>
ACLs containing <
command>geoip asnum</
command> elements were
not correctly matched unless the full organization name was
specified in the ACL (as in
<
command>geoip asnum "AS1234 Example, Inc.";</
command>).
They can now match against the AS number alone (as in
<
command>geoip asnum "AS1234";</
command>).
When using native PKCS#11 cryptography (
i.e.,
<
command>configure --enable-native-pkcs11</
command>) HSM PINs
of up to 256 characters can now be used.
NXDOMAIN responses to queries of type DS are now cached separately
from those for other types. This helps when using "grafted" zones
of type forward, for which the parent zone does not contain a
delegation, such as local top-level domains. Previously a query
of type DS for such a zone could cause the zone apex to be cached
as NXDOMAIN, blocking all subsequent queries. (Note: This
change is only helpful when DNSSEC validation is not enabled.
"Grafted" zones without a delegation in the parent are not a
recommended configuration.)
Update forwarding performance has been improved by allowing
a single TCP connection to be shared between multiple updates.
By default, <
command>nsupdate</
command> will now check
the correctness of hostnames when adding records of type
A, AAAA, MX, SOA, NS, SRV or PTR. This behavior can be
disabled with <
command>check-names no</
command>.
<
sect2 id="relnotes_bugs">
<
command>dig</
command>, <
command>host</
command> and
<
command>nslookup</
command> aborted when encountering
a name which, after appending search list elements,
exceeded 255 bytes. Such names are now skipped, but
processing of other names will continue. [RT #36892]
The error message generated when
<
command>named-checkzone</
command> or
<
command>named-checkconf -z</
command> encounters a
<
option>$TTL</
option> directive without a value has
been clarified. [RT #37138]
Semicolon characters (;) included in TXT records were
incorrectly escaped with a backslash when the record was
displayed as text. This is actually only necessary when there
are no quotation marks. [RT #37159]
When files opened for writing by <
command>named</
command>,
such as zone journal files, were referenced more than once
in <
filename>
named.conf</
filename>, it could lead to file
corruption as multiple threads wrote to the same file. This
is now detected when loading <
filename>
named.conf</
filename>
and reported as an error. [RT #37172]
When checking for updates to trust anchors listed in
<
option>managed-keys</
option>, <
command>named</
command>
now revalidates keys based on the current set of
active trust anchors, without relying on any cached
record of previous validation. [RT #37506]
(<
command>configure --with-tuning=large</
command>) caused
problems on some platforms by setting a socket receive
buffer size that was too large. This is now detected and
<
sect2 id="relnotes_thanks">
Thank you to everyone who assisted us in making this release possible.
If you would like to contribute to ISC to assist us in continuing to
make quality open source software, please visit our donations page at