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1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater - Copyright (C) 2004-2009 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
75c0816e8295e180f4bc7f10db3d0d880383bc1cMark Andrews - Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><code class="filename">rndc.conf</code> — rndc configuration file</p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">rndc.conf</code> </p></div>
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater<a name="id2608992"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><code class="filename">rndc.conf</code> is the configuration file
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span>, the BIND 9 name server control
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater utility. This file has a similar structure and syntax to
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater <code class="filename">named.conf</code>. Statements are enclosed
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater in braces and terminated with a semi-colon. Clauses in
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater the statements are also semi-colon terminated. The usual
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater comment styles are supported:
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater C style: /* */
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein C++ style: // to end of line
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater Unix style: # to end of line
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater<p><code class="filename">rndc.conf</code> is much simpler than
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename">named.conf</code>. The file uses three
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater statements: an options statement, a server statement
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater and a key statement.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <code class="option">options</code> statement contains five clauses.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <code class="option">default-server</code> clause is followed by the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name or address of a name server. This host will be used when
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein no name server is given as an argument to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span>. The <code class="option">default-key</code>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews clause is followed by the name of a key which is identified by
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a <code class="option">key</code> statement. If no
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <code class="option">keyid</code> is provided on the rndc command line,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and no <code class="option">key</code> clause is found in a matching
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="option">server</code> statement, this default key will be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein used to authenticate the server's commands and responses. The
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="option">default-port</code> clause is followed by the port
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews to connect to on the remote name server. If no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="option">port</code> option is provided on the rndc command
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein line, and no <code class="option">port</code> clause is found in a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein matching <code class="option">server</code> statement, this default port
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will be used to connect.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <code class="option">default-source-address</code> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="option">default-source-address-v6</code> clauses which
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews can be used to set the IPv4 and IPv6 source addresses
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews respectively.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews After the <code class="option">server</code> keyword, the server
58d9e9169e7ab4355a0b0bfc13bc616bc5247dfeAutomatic Updater statement includes a string which is the hostname or address
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews for a name server. The statement has three possible clauses:
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <code class="option">key</code>, <code class="option">port</code> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="option">addresses</code>. The key name must match the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name of a key statement in the file. The port number
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specifies the port to connect to. If an <code class="option">addresses</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein clause is supplied these addresses will be used instead of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the server name. Each address can take an optional port.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If an <code class="option">source-address</code> or <code class="option">source-address-v6</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of supplied then these will be used to specify the IPv4 and IPv6
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein source addresses respectively.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <code class="option">key</code> statement begins with an identifying
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews string, the name of the key. The statement has two clauses.
852ccdd42a71550c974111b49415204ffeca6573Automatic Updater <code class="option">algorithm</code> identifies the encryption algorithm
852ccdd42a71550c974111b49415204ffeca6573Automatic Updater for <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> to use; currently only HMAC-MD5
852ccdd42a71550c974111b49415204ffeca6573Automatic Updater supported. This is followed by a secret clause which contains
852ccdd42a71550c974111b49415204ffeca6573Automatic Updater the base-64 encoding of the algorithm's encryption key. The
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater base-64 string is enclosed in double quotes.
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater There are two common ways to generate the base-64 string for the
852ccdd42a71550c974111b49415204ffeca6573Automatic Updater secret. The BIND 9 program <span><strong class="command">rndc-confgen</strong></span>
852ccdd42a71550c974111b49415204ffeca6573Automatic Updater be used to generate a random key, or the
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews <span><strong class="command">mmencode</strong></span> program, also known as
852ccdd42a71550c974111b49415204ffeca6573Automatic Updater <span><strong class="command">mimencode</strong></span>, can be used to generate a
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews string from known input. <span><strong class="command">mmencode</strong></span> does
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein ship with BIND 9 but is available on many systems. See the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein EXAMPLE section for sample command lines for each.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein default-server localhost;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein default-key samplekey;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server localhost {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein key samplekey;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server testserver {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein key testkey;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein addresses { localhost port 5353; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein key samplekey {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein algorithm hmac-md5;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein secret "6FMfj43Osz4lyb24OIe2iGEz9lf1llJO+lz";
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein key testkey {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein algorithm hmac-md5;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein secret "R3HI8P6BKw9ZwXwN3VZKuQ==";
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In the above example, <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> will by
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the server at localhost (127.0.0.1) and the key called samplekey.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Commands to the localhost server will use the samplekey key, which
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein must also be defined in the server's configuration file with the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein same name and secret. The key statement indicates that samplekey
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein uses the HMAC-MD5 algorithm and its secret clause contains the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein base-64 encoding of the HMAC-MD5 secret enclosed in double quotes.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <span><strong class="command">rndc -s testserver</strong></span> is used then <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein connect to server on localhost port 5353 using the key testkey.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein To generate a random secret with <span><strong class="command">rndc-confgen</strong></span>:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><strong class="userinput"><code>rndc-confgen</code></strong>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A complete <code class="filename">rndc.conf</code> file, including
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein randomly generated key, will be written to the standard
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein output. Commented-out <code class="option">key</code> and
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews <code class="option">controls</code> statements for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename">named.conf</code> are also printed.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein To generate a base-64 secret with <span><strong class="command">mmencode</strong></span>:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><strong class="userinput"><code>echo "known plaintext for a secret" | mmencode</code></strong>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2635363"></a><h2>NAME SERVER CONFIGURATION</h2>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The name server must be configured to accept rndc connections and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to recognize the key specified in the <code class="filename">rndc.conf</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file, using the controls statement in <code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the sections on the <code class="option">controls</code> statement in the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual for details.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc</span>(8)</span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc-confgen</span>(8)</span>,
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">mmencode</span>(1)</span>,
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
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