man.named.html revision 71cef386fae61275b03e203825680b39fedaa8c6
bcb4e51a409d94ae670de96afb8483a4f7855294Stephan Bosch<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen - Copyright (C) 2000-2018 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen - This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen - License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen - file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1">
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<link rel="home" href="Bv9ARM.html" title="BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual">
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<link rel="up" href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html" title="Manual pages">
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<link rel="prev" href="man.lwresd.html" title="lwresd">
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<link rel="next" href="man.named.conf.html" title="named.conf">
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<tr><th colspan="3" align="center"><span class="application">named</span></th></tr>
2a4723165754cf9a93d7d91a9fb7949176ddd38bTimo Sirainen<a accesskey="p" href="man.lwresd.html">Prev</a>�</td>
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<th width="60%" align="center">Manual pages</th>
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="man.named.conf.html">Next</a>
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<a name="man.named"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen — Internet domain name server
2a4723165754cf9a93d7d91a9fb7949176ddd38bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></code>]
2a4723165754cf9a93d7d91a9fb7949176ddd38bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em></code>]
2a4723165754cf9a93d7d91a9fb7949176ddd38bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-D <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em></code>]
2a4723165754cf9a93d7d91a9fb7949176ddd38bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>engine-name</code></em></code>]
2a4723165754cf9a93d7d91a9fb7949176ddd38bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>logfile</code></em></code>]
2a4723165754cf9a93d7d91a9fb7949176ddd38bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-M <em class="replaceable"><code>option</code></em></code>]
2a4723165754cf9a93d7d91a9fb7949176ddd38bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>]
2a4723165754cf9a93d7d91a9fb7949176ddd38bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em></code>]
2a4723165754cf9a93d7d91a9fb7949176ddd38bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code>]
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>#max-socks</code></em></code>]
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>]
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-U <em class="replaceable"><code>#listeners</code></em></code>]
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></code>]
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-X <em class="replaceable"><code>lock-file</code></em></code>]
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen [<code class="option">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>cache-file</code></em></code>]
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<a name="id-1.14.19.7"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen <p><span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span>
b24870f2d47f9f1f5f373af6287b1d48e383e74dTimo Sirainen is a Domain Name System (DNS) server,
2ee34f0b0b15523389fe3774788acbd412176253Timo Sirainen part of the BIND 9 distribution from ISC. For more
2ee34f0b0b15523389fe3774788acbd412176253Timo Sirainen information on the DNS, see RFCs 1033, 1034, and 1035.
2a4723165754cf9a93d7d91a9fb7949176ddd38bTimo Sirainen When invoked without arguments, <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span>
2a4723165754cf9a93d7d91a9fb7949176ddd38bTimo Sirainen read the default configuration file
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen <code class="filename">/etc/named.conf</code>, read any initial
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen data, and listen for queries.
71dc24a58788ccd92723c68bef37584ffc34b984Timo Sirainen <div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen Use IPv4 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv6.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen <code class="option">-4</code> and <code class="option">-6</code> are mutually
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen Use IPv6 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv4.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen <code class="option">-4</code> and <code class="option">-6</code> are mutually
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></span></dt>
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen Use <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em> as the
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen configuration file instead of the default,
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen <code class="filename">/etc/named.conf</code>. To
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen ensure that reloading the configuration file continues
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen to work after the server has changed its working
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen directory due to to a possible
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen <code class="option">directory</code> option in the configuration
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen file, <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em> should be
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen an absolute pathname.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<dt><span class="term">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em></span></dt>
ff9eb4a57ff1a151182cdfbfc19f5a4bed54ecafTimo Sirainen Set the daemon's debug level to <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em>.
ff9eb4a57ff1a151182cdfbfc19f5a4bed54ecafTimo Sirainen Debugging traces from <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> become
ff9eb4a57ff1a151182cdfbfc19f5a4bed54ecafTimo Sirainen more verbose as the debug level increases.
ff9eb4a57ff1a151182cdfbfc19f5a4bed54ecafTimo Sirainen<dt><span class="term">-D <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em></span></dt>
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen Specifies a string that is used to identify a instance of
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> in a process listing. The contents
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen of <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> are
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen not examined.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<dt><span class="term">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>engine-name</code></em></span></dt>
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen When applicable, specifies the hardware to use for
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen cryptographic operations, such as a secure key store used
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen When BIND is built with OpenSSL PKCS#11 support, this defaults
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen to the string "pkcs11", which identifies an OpenSSL engine
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen that can drive a cryptographic accelerator or hardware service
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen module. When BIND is built with native PKCS#11 cryptography
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen (--enable-native-pkcs11), it defaults to the path of the PKCS#11
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen provider library specified via "--with-pkcs11".
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize).
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen Run the server in the foreground and force all logging
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<dt><span class="term">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>logfile</code></em></span></dt>
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen Log to the file <code class="option">logfile</code> by default
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen instead of the system log.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<dt><span class="term">-M <em class="replaceable"><code>option</code></em></span></dt>
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen Sets the default memory context options. Currently
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen the only supported option is
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen <em class="replaceable"><code>external</code></em>,
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen which causes the internal memory manager to be bypassed
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen in favor of system-provided memory allocation functions.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<dt><span class="term">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></span></dt>
e93184a9055c2530366dfe617e07199603c399ddMartti Rannanjärvi Turn on memory usage debugging flags. Possible flags are
e93184a9055c2530366dfe617e07199603c399ddMartti Rannanjärvi <em class="replaceable"><code>usage</code></em>,
e2a88d59c0d47d63ce1ad5b1fd95e487124a3fd4Timo Sirainen <em class="replaceable"><code>trace</code></em>,
e2a88d59c0d47d63ce1ad5b1fd95e487124a3fd4Timo Sirainen <em class="replaceable"><code>record</code></em>,
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen <em class="replaceable"><code>size</code></em>, and
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen <em class="replaceable"><code>mctx</code></em>.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen These correspond to the ISC_MEM_DEBUGXXXX flags described in
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen <code class="filename"><isc/mem.h></code>.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<dt><span class="term">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em></span></dt>
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen Create <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em> worker threads
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If not specified,
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> will try to determine the
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen single worker thread will be created.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<dt><span class="term">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></span></dt>
294f579cd3803e2d9997231fdc46523c23774a8fTimo Sirainen Listen for queries on port <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em>. If not
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen specified, the default is port 53.
294f579cd3803e2d9997231fdc46523c23774a8fTimo Sirainen Write memory usage statistics to <code class="filename">stdout</code> on exit.
294f579cd3803e2d9997231fdc46523c23774a8fTimo Sirainen <div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen and may be removed or changed in a future release.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen<dt><span class="term">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>#max-socks</code></em></span></dt>
d03a871a77f8ec36f48f5fea98d810e51b186fdbTimo Sirainen Allow <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> to use up to
a8dcd4e2332c73087e9b148d34259230a77edb28Timo Sirainen <em class="replaceable"><code>#max-socks</code></em> sockets.
a8dcd4e2332c73087e9b148d34259230a77edb28Timo Sirainen The default value is 4096 on systems built with default
a8dcd4e2332c73087e9b148d34259230a77edb28Timo Sirainen configuration options, and 21000 on systems built with
294f579cd3803e2d9997231fdc46523c23774a8fTimo Sirainen "configure --with-tuning=large".
294f579cd3803e2d9997231fdc46523c23774a8fTimo Sirainen <div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
294f579cd3803e2d9997231fdc46523c23774a8fTimo Sirainen This option should be unnecessary for the vast majority
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen The use of this option could even be harmful because the
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen specified value may exceed the limitation of the
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen underlying system API.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen It is therefore set only when the default configuration
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen causes exhaustion of file descriptors and the
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen operational environment is known to support the
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen specified number of sockets.
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen Note also that the actual maximum number is normally a little
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen fewer than the specified value because
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> reserves some file descriptors
d9e404180ff26dbbaea68534a5f176765022b76bTimo Sirainen for its internal use.
<span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> inherits the <code class="function">umask</code>
<p xmlns:db="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" style="text-align: center;">BIND 9.11.2 (Extended Support Version)</p>