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4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<div class="refentry" lang="en">
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<a name="man.named"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<div class="refnamediv">
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<h2>Name</h2>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<p><span class="application">named</span> &#8212; Internet domain name server</p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync</div>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<div class="refsynopsisdiv">
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<h2>Synopsis</h2>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">named</code> [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>engine-name</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f</code>] [<code class="option">-g</code>] [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>logfile</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-M <em class="replaceable"><code>option</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s</code>] [<code class="option">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>#max-socks</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-U <em class="replaceable"><code>#listeners</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-V</code>] [<code class="option">-X <em class="replaceable"><code>lock-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>cache-file</code></em></code>]</p></div>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync</div>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<a name="id2647812"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<p><span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync is a Domain Name System (DNS) server,
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync part of the BIND 9 distribution from ISC. For more
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync information on the DNS, see RFCs 1033, 1034, and 1035.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync When invoked without arguments, <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync will
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync read the default configuration file
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <code class="filename">/etc/named.conf</code>, read any initial
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync data, and listen for queries.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync</div>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<a name="id2647843"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<div class="variablelist"><dl>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-4</span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd><p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Use IPv4 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv6.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <code class="option">-4</code> and <code class="option">-6</code> are mutually
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync exclusive.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p></dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-6</span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd><p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Use IPv6 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv4.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <code class="option">-4</code> and <code class="option">-6</code> are mutually
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync exclusive.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p></dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd><p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Use <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em> as the
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync configuration file instead of the default,
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <code class="filename">/etc/named.conf</code>. To
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync ensure that reloading the configuration file continues
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync to work after the server has changed its working
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync directory due to to a possible
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <code class="option">directory</code> option in the configuration
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync file, <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em> should be
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync an absolute pathname.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p></dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em></span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd><p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Set the daemon's debug level to <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em>.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Debugging traces from <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> become
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync more verbose as the debug level increases.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p></dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-D <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em></span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd><p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Specifies a string that is used to identify a instance of
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> in a process listing. The contents
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync of <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> are
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync not examined.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p></dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-E <em class="replaceable"><code>engine-name</code></em></span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync When applicable, specifies the hardware to use for
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync cryptographic operations, such as a secure key store used
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync for signing.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync When BIND is built with OpenSSL PKCS#11 support, this defaults
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync to the string "pkcs11", which identifies an OpenSSL engine
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync that can drive a cryptographic accelerator or hardware service
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync module. When BIND is built with native PKCS#11 cryptography
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync (--enable-native-pkcs11), it defaults to the path of the PKCS#11
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync provider library specified via "--with-pkcs11".
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync</dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-f</span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd><p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize).
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p></dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-g</span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd><p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Run the server in the foreground and force all logging
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync to <code class="filename">stderr</code>.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p></dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>logfile</code></em></span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd><p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Log to the file <code class="option">logfile</code> by default
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync instead of the system log.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p></dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-M <em class="replaceable"><code>option</code></em></span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd><p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Sets the default memory context options. Currently
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync the only supported option is
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <em class="replaceable"><code>external</code></em>,
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync which causes the internal memory manager to be bypassed
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync in favor of system-provided memory allocation functions.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p></dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd><p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Turn on memory usage debugging flags. Possible flags are
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <em class="replaceable"><code>usage</code></em>,
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <em class="replaceable"><code>trace</code></em>,
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <em class="replaceable"><code>record</code></em>,
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <em class="replaceable"><code>size</code></em>, and
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <em class="replaceable"><code>mctx</code></em>.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync These correspond to the ISC_MEM_DEBUGXXXX flags described in
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <code class="filename">&lt;isc/mem.h&gt;</code>.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p></dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em></span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd><p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Create <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em> worker threads
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If not specified,
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> will try to determine the
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync single worker thread will be created.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p></dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd><p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Listen for queries on port <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em>. If not
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync specified, the default is port 53.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p></dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-s</span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Write memory usage statistics to <code class="filename">stdout</code> on exit.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync and may be removed or changed in a future release.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync</div>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync</dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dt><span class="term">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>#max-socks</code></em></span></dt>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<dd>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync Allow <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> to use up to
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync <em class="replaceable"><code>#max-socks</code></em> sockets.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync The default value is 4096 on systems built with default
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync configuration options, and 21000 on systems built with
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync "configure --with-tuning=large".
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync </p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<h3 class="title">Warning</h3>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync<p>
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync This option should be unnecessary for the vast majority
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync of users.
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync The use of this option could even be harmful because the
4fd606d1f5abe38e1f42c38de1d2e895166bd0f4vboxsync specified value may exceed the limitation of the
underlying system API.
It is therefore set only when the default configuration
causes exhaustion of file descriptors and the
operational environment is known to support the
specified number of sockets.
Note also that the actual maximum number is normally a little
fewer than the specified value because
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> reserves some file descriptors
for its internal use.
</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>Chroot
to <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em> after
processing the command line arguments, but before
reading the configuration file.
</p>
<div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<h3 class="title">Warning</h3>
<p>
This option should be used in conjunction with the
<code class="option">-u</code> option, as chrooting a process
running as root doesn't enhance security on most
systems; the way <code class="function">chroot(2)</code> is
defined allows a process with root privileges to
escape a chroot jail.
</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term">-U <em class="replaceable"><code>#listeners</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Use <em class="replaceable"><code>#listeners</code></em>
worker threads to listen for incoming UDP packets on each
address. If not specified, <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> will
calculate a default value based on the number of detected
CPUs: 1 for 1 CPU, 2 for 2-4 CPUs, and the number of
detected CPUs divided by 2 for values higher than 4.
If <code class="option">-n</code> has been set to a higher value than
the number of detected CPUs, then <code class="option">-U</code> may
be increased as high as that value, but no higher.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>Setuid
to <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em> after completing
privileged operations, such as creating sockets that
listen on privileged ports.
</p>
<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
<p>
On Linux, <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> uses the kernel's
capability mechanism to drop all root privileges
except the ability to <code class="function">bind(2)</code> to
a
privileged port and set process resource limits.
Unfortunately, this means that the <code class="option">-u</code>
option only works when <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> is
run
on kernel 2.2.18 or later, or kernel 2.3.99-pre3 or
later, since previous kernels did not allow privileges
to be retained after <code class="function">setuid(2)</code>.
</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term">-v</span></dt>
<dd><p>
Report the version number and exit.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt>
<dd><p>
Report the version number and build options, and exit.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-X <em class="replaceable"><code>lock-file</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Acquire a lock on the specified file at runtime; this
helps to prevent duplicate <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> instances
from running simultaneously.
Use of this option overrides the <span><strong class="command">lock-file</strong></span>
option in <code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
If set to <code class="literal">none</code>, the lock file check
is disabled.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>cache-file</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Load data from <em class="replaceable"><code>cache-file</code></em> into the
cache of the default view.
</p>
<div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<h3 class="title">Warning</h3>
<p>
This option must not be used. It is only of interest
to BIND 9 developers and may be removed or changed in a
future release.
</p>
</div>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<a name="id2686498"></a><h2>SIGNALS</h2>
<p>
In routine operation, signals should not be used to control
the nameserver; <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> should be used
instead.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term">SIGHUP</span></dt>
<dd><p>
Force a reload of the server.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">SIGINT, SIGTERM</span></dt>
<dd><p>
Shut down the server.
</p></dd>
</dl></div>
<p>
The result of sending any other signals to the server is undefined.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<a name="id2686548"></a><h2>CONFIGURATION</h2>
<p>
The <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> configuration file is too complex
to describe in detail here. A complete description is provided
in the
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>.
</p>
<p>
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> inherits the <code class="function">umask</code>
(file creation mode mask) from the parent process. If files
created by <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>, such as journal files,
need to have custom permissions, the <code class="function">umask</code>
should be set explicitly in the script used to start the
<span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> process.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<a name="id2686597"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/etc/named.conf</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
The default configuration file.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/var/run/named/named.pid</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
The default process-id file.
</p></dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<a name="id2686641"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><em class="citetitle">RFC 1033</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 1034</em>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 1035</em>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named-checkconf</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named-checkzone</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lwresd</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named.conf</span>(5)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<a name="id2686711"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
</p>
</div>
</div>
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