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fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<a name="man.named-checkzone"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<p><span class="application">named-checkzone</span>, <span class="application">named-compilezone</span> — zone file validity checking or converting tool</p>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">named-checkzone</code> [<code class="option">-d</code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-j</code>] [<code class="option">-q</code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-F <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-J <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-M <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>serial</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>style</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-T <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-w <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D</code>] [<code class="option">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] {zonename} {filename}</p></div>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">named-compilezone</code> [<code class="option">-d</code>] [<code class="option">-j</code>] [<code class="option">-q</code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-C <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-F <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-J <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>serial</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>style</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-T <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-w <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D</code>] [<code class="option">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] {<code class="option">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>} {zonename} {filename}</p></div>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<p><span><strong class="command">named-checkzone</strong></span>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence checks the syntax and integrity of a zone file. It performs the
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence same checks as <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> does when loading a
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence zone. This makes <span><strong class="command">named-checkzone</strong></span> useful for
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence checking zone files before configuring them into a name server.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">named-compilezone</strong></span> is similar to
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">named-checkzone</strong></span>, but it always dumps the
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence zone contents to a specified file in a specified format.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Additionally, it applies stricter check levels by default,
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence since the dump output will be used as an actual zone file
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence loaded by <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence When manually specified otherwise, the check levels must at
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence least be as strict as those specified in the
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> configuration file.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Enable debugging.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Print the usage summary and exit.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Quiet mode - exit code only.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Print the version of the <span><strong class="command">named-checkzone</strong></span>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence program and exit.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence When loading a zone file, read the journal if it exists.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence The journal file name is assumed to be the zone file name
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence appended with the string <code class="filename">.jnl</code>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-J <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence When loading the zone file read the journal from the given
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence file, if it exists. (Implies -j.)
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Specify the class of the zone. If not specified, "IN" is assumed.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Perform post-load zone integrity checks. Possible modes are
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"full"</strong></span> (default),
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"full-sibling"</strong></span>,
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"local"</strong></span>,
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"local-sibling"</strong></span> and
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"none"</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Mode <span><strong class="command">"full"</strong></span> checks that MX records
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence refer to A or AAAA record (both in-zone and out-of-zone
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence hostnames). Mode <span><strong class="command">"local"</strong></span> only
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence checks MX records which refer to in-zone hostnames.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Mode <span><strong class="command">"full"</strong></span> checks that SRV records
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence refer to A or AAAA record (both in-zone and out-of-zone
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence hostnames). Mode <span><strong class="command">"local"</strong></span> only
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence checks SRV records which refer to in-zone hostnames.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Mode <span><strong class="command">"full"</strong></span> checks that delegation NS
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence records refer to A or AAAA record (both in-zone and out-of-zone
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence hostnames). It also checks that glue address records
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence in the zone match those advertised by the child.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Mode <span><strong class="command">"local"</strong></span> only checks NS records which
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence refer to in-zone hostnames or that some required glue exists,
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence that is when the nameserver is in a child zone.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Mode <span><strong class="command">"full-sibling"</strong></span> and
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"local-sibling"</strong></span> disable sibling glue
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence checks but are otherwise the same as <span><strong class="command">"full"</strong></span>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence and <span><strong class="command">"local"</strong></span> respectively.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Mode <span><strong class="command">"none"</strong></span> disables the checks.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Specify the format of the zone file.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Possible formats are <span><strong class="command">"text"</strong></span> (default),
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"raw"</strong></span>, and <span><strong class="command">"map"</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-F <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Specify the format of the output file specified.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence For <span><strong class="command">named-checkzone</strong></span>,
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence this does not cause any effects unless it dumps the zone
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Possible formats are <span><strong class="command">"text"</strong></span> (default),
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence which is the standard textual representation of the zone,
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence and <span><strong class="command">"map"</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">"raw"</strong></span>,
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence and <span><strong class="command">"raw=N"</strong></span>, which store the zone in a
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence binary format for rapid loading by <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"raw=N"</strong></span> specifies the format version of
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence the raw zone file: if N is 0, the raw file can be read by
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence any version of <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>; if N is 1, the file
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence can be read by release 9.9.0 or higher; the default is 1.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Perform <span><strong class="command">"check-names"</strong></span> checks with the
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence specified failure mode.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Possible modes are <span><strong class="command">"fail"</strong></span>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence (default for <span><strong class="command">named-compilezone</strong></span>),
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"warn"</strong></span>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence (default for <span><strong class="command">named-checkzone</strong></span>) and
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"ignore"</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Sets a maximum permissible TTL for the input file.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Any record with a TTL higher than this value will cause
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence the zone to be rejected. This is similar to using the
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">max-zone-ttl</strong></span> option in
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>serial</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence When compiling a zone to "raw" or "map" format, set the
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence "source serial" value in the header to the specified serial
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence number. (This is expected to be used primarily for testing
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Specify whether MX records should be checked to see if they
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence are addresses. Possible modes are <span><strong class="command">"fail"</strong></span>,
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"warn"</strong></span> (default) and
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"ignore"</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-M <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Check if a MX record refers to a CNAME.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Possible modes are <span><strong class="command">"fail"</strong></span>,
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"warn"</strong></span> (default) and
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"ignore"</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Specify whether NS records should be checked to see if they
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence are addresses.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Possible modes are <span><strong class="command">"fail"</strong></span>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence (default for <span><strong class="command">named-compilezone</strong></span>),
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"warn"</strong></span>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence (default for <span><strong class="command">named-checkzone</strong></span>) and
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"ignore"</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Write zone output to <code class="filename">filename</code>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence If <code class="filename">filename</code> is <code class="filename">-</code> then
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence write to standard out.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence This is mandatory for <span><strong class="command">named-compilezone</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Check for records that are treated as different by DNSSEC but
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence are semantically equal in plain DNS.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Possible modes are <span><strong class="command">"fail"</strong></span>,
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"warn"</strong></span> (default) and
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"ignore"</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>style</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Specify the style of the dumped zone file.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Possible styles are <span><strong class="command">"full"</strong></span> (default)
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence and <span><strong class="command">"relative"</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence The full format is most suitable for processing
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence automatically by a separate script.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence On the other hand, the relative format is more
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence human-readable and is thus suitable for editing by hand.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence For <span><strong class="command">named-checkzone</strong></span>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence this does not cause any effects unless it dumps the zone
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence It also does not have any meaning if the output format
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Check if a SRV record refers to a CNAME.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Possible modes are <span><strong class="command">"fail"</strong></span>,
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"warn"</strong></span> (default) and
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"ignore"</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Chroot to <code class="filename">directory</code> so that
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence directives in the configuration file are processed as if
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence run by a similarly chrooted <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-T <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Check if Sender Policy Framework (SPF) records exist
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence and issues a warning if an SPF-formatted TXT record is
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence not also present. Possible modes are <span><strong class="command">"warn"</strong></span>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence (default), <span><strong class="command">"ignore"</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-w <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence chdir to <code class="filename">directory</code> so that
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence filenames in master file $INCLUDE directives work. This
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence is similar to the directory clause in
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Dump zone file in canonical format.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence This is always enabled for <span><strong class="command">named-compilezone</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<dt><span class="term">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Specify whether to check for non-terminal wildcards.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Non-terminal wildcards are almost always the result of a
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence failure to understand the wildcard matching algorithm (RFC 1034).
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence Possible modes are <span><strong class="command">"warn"</strong></span> (default)
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span><strong class="command">"ignore"</strong></span>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence The domain name of the zone being checked.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence The name of the zone file.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<a name="id2682900"></a><h2>RETURN VALUES</h2>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<p><span><strong class="command">named-checkzone</strong></span>
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence returns an exit status of 1 if
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence errors were detected and 0 otherwise.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named-checkconf</span>(8)</span>,
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence <em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>.
fc80027fb54b501cdd88461bf879d078259e0226David Lawrence<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
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