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da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<div class="navheader">
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da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<tr><th colspan="3" align="center"><span class="application">lwresd</span></th></tr>
148c5f43199ca0b43fc8e3b643aab11cd66ea327Alan Wright<tr>
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross<td width="20%" align="left">
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89dc44ce9705974a8bc4a39f1e878a0491a5be61jose borrego<th width="60%" align="center">Manual pages</th>
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da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw</td>
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross</tr>
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross</table>
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross<hr>
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross</div>
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross<div class="refentry">
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross<a name="man.lwresd"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross<div class="refnamediv">
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross<h2>Name</h2>
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross<p><span class="application">lwresd</span> &#8212; lightweight resolver daemon</p>
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross</div>
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross<div class="refsynopsisdiv">
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross<h2>Synopsis</h2>
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">lwresd</code> [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-C <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f</code>] [<code class="option">-g</code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>pid-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-P <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s</code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>]</p></div>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw</div>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<div class="refsection">
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<a name="id-1.14.18.7"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
eb1a34638eba7c5add1421327f3eb225a8ea7518Truong Nguyen<p><span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span>
eb1a34638eba7c5add1421327f3eb225a8ea7518Truong Nguyen is the daemon providing name lookup
9fb67ea305c66b6a297583b9b0db6796b0dfe497afshin salek ardakani - Sun Microsystems - Irvine United States services to clients that use the BIND 9 lightweight resolver
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw library. It is essentially a stripped-down, caching-only name
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw server that answers queries using the BIND 9 lightweight
9fb67ea305c66b6a297583b9b0db6796b0dfe497afshin salek ardakani - Sun Microsystems - Irvine United States resolver protocol rather than the DNS protocol.
9fb67ea305c66b6a297583b9b0db6796b0dfe497afshin salek ardakani - Sun Microsystems - Irvine United States </p>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<p><span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span>
9fb67ea305c66b6a297583b9b0db6796b0dfe497afshin salek ardakani - Sun Microsystems - Irvine United States listens for resolver queries on a
eb1a34638eba7c5add1421327f3eb225a8ea7518Truong Nguyen UDP port on the IPv4 loopback interface, 127.0.0.1. This
9fb67ea305c66b6a297583b9b0db6796b0dfe497afshin salek ardakani - Sun Microsystems - Irvine United States means that <span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span> can only be used by
eb1a34638eba7c5add1421327f3eb225a8ea7518Truong Nguyen processes running on the local machine. By default, UDP port
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross number 921 is used for lightweight resolver requests and
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross responses.
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross </p>
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross<p>
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross Incoming lightweight resolver requests are decoded by the
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross server which then resolves them using the DNS protocol. When
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross the DNS lookup completes, <span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span> encodes
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross the answers in the lightweight resolver format and returns
b819cea2f73f98c5662230cc9affc8cc84f77fcfGordon Ross them to the client that made the request.
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw </p>
a0aa776e20803c84edd153d9cb584fd67163aef3Alan Wright<p>
3c112a2b34403220c06c3e2fcac403358cfba168Eric Taylor If <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code> contains any
67e3a03ed4a2813074d36330f062ed6e593a4937rie <code class="option">nameserver</code> entries, <span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw sends recursive DNS queries to those servers. This is similar
86d7016b0051dd58772baafe5b5bcee51d560b05Gordon Ross to the use of forwarders in a caching name server. If no
86d7016b0051dd58772baafe5b5bcee51d560b05Gordon Ross <code class="option">nameserver</code> entries are present, or if
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw forwarding fails, <span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span> resolves the
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw queries autonomously starting at the root name servers, using
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw a built-in list of root server hints.
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw </p>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw</div>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<div class="refsection">
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<a name="id-1.14.18.8"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<dt><span class="term">-4</span></dt>
9fb67ea305c66b6a297583b9b0db6796b0dfe497afshin salek ardakani - Sun Microsystems - Irvine United States<dd><p>
9fb67ea305c66b6a297583b9b0db6796b0dfe497afshin salek ardakani - Sun Microsystems - Irvine United States Use IPv4 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv6.
9fb67ea305c66b6a297583b9b0db6796b0dfe497afshin salek ardakani - Sun Microsystems - Irvine United States <code class="option">-4</code> and <code class="option">-6</code> are mutually
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw exclusive.
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw </p></dd>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<dt><span class="term">-6</span></dt>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<dd><p>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw Use IPv6 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv4.
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw <code class="option">-4</code> and <code class="option">-6</code> are mutually
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw exclusive.
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw </p></dd>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></span></dt>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<dd><p>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw Use <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em> as the
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw configuration file instead of the default,
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw <code class="filename">/etc/lwresd.conf</code>.
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw <code class="option">-c</code> can not be used with <code class="option">-C</code>.
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw </p></dd>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<dt><span class="term">-C <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></span></dt>
da6c28aaf62fa55f0fdb8004aa40f88f23bf53f0amw<dd><p>
9fb67ea305c66b6a297583b9b0db6796b0dfe497afshin salek ardakani - Sun Microsystems - Irvine United States Use <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em> as the
configuration file instead of the default,
<code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>.
<code class="option">-C</code> can not be used with <code class="option">-c</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set the daemon's debug level to <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em>.
Debugging traces from <span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span> become
more verbose as the debug level increases.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-f</span></dt>
<dd><p>
Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize).
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-g</span></dt>
<dd><p>
Run the server in the foreground and force all logging
to <code class="filename">stderr</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>pid-file</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Use <em class="replaceable"><code>pid-file</code></em> as the
PID file instead of the default,
<code class="filename">/var/run/lwresd/lwresd.pid</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Turn on memory usage debugging flags. Possible flags are
<em class="replaceable"><code>usage</code></em>,
<em class="replaceable"><code>trace</code></em>,
<em class="replaceable"><code>record</code></em>,
<em class="replaceable"><code>size</code></em>, and
<em class="replaceable"><code>mctx</code></em>.
These correspond to the ISC_MEM_DEBUGXXXX flags described in
<code class="filename">&lt;isc/mem.h&gt;</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Create <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em> worker threads
to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If not specified,
<span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span> will try to determine the
number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU.
If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a
single worker thread will be created.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-P <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Listen for lightweight resolver queries on port
<em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em>. If
not specified, the default is port 921.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Send DNS lookups to port <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em>. If not
specified, the default is port 53. This provides a
way of testing the lightweight resolver daemon with a
name server that listens for queries on a non-standard
port number.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-s</span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Write memory usage statistics to <code class="filename">stdout</code>
on exit.
</p>
<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
<p>
This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers
and may be removed or changed in a future release.
</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>Chroot
to <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em> after
processing the command line arguments, but before
reading the configuration file.
</p>
<div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<h3 class="title">Warning</h3>
<p>
This option should be used in conjunction with the
<code class="option">-u</code> option, as chrooting a process
running as root doesn't enhance security on most
systems; the way <code class="function">chroot(2)</code> is
defined allows a process with root privileges to
escape a chroot jail.
</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>Setuid
to <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em> after completing
privileged operations, such as creating sockets that
listen on privileged ports.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-v</span></dt>
<dd><p>
Report the version number and exit.
</p></dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.18.9"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
<dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
The default configuration file.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/var/run/lwresd.pid</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
The default process-id file.
</p></dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.18.10"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lwres</span>(3)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">resolver</span>(5)</span>.
</p>
</div>
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