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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr><th colspan="3" align="center"><span class="application">lwresd</span></th></tr>
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="man.lwresd"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span class="application">lwresd</span> — lightweight resolver daemon</p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">lwresd</code> [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-C <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f</code>] [<code class="option">-g</code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>pid-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-P <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s</code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>]</p></div>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<p><span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is the daemon providing name lookup
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein services to clients that use the BIND 9 lightweight resolver
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein library. It is essentially a stripped-down, caching-only name
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server that answers queries using the BIND 9 lightweight
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein resolver protocol rather than the DNS protocol.
e4a70b8fdfc5d2db2d992d884327a1e1fec67a07Tinderbox User<p><span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein listens for resolver queries on a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein UDP port on the IPv4 loopback interface, 127.0.0.1. This
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein means that <span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span> can only be used by
e4a70b8fdfc5d2db2d992d884327a1e1fec67a07Tinderbox User processes running on the local machine. By default, UDP port
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein number 921 is used for lightweight resolver requests and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Incoming lightweight resolver requests are decoded by the
a87790b9d8e062fac1b2dfb8903e77bfe92a3891Tinderbox User server which then resolves them using the DNS protocol. When
a87790b9d8e062fac1b2dfb8903e77bfe92a3891Tinderbox User the DNS lookup completes, <span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span> encodes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the answers in the lightweight resolver format and returns
a87790b9d8e062fac1b2dfb8903e77bfe92a3891Tinderbox User them to the client that made the request.
a87790b9d8e062fac1b2dfb8903e77bfe92a3891Tinderbox User If <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code> contains any
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="option">nameserver</code> entries, <span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span>
a87790b9d8e062fac1b2dfb8903e77bfe92a3891Tinderbox User sends recursive DNS queries to those servers. This is similar
a87790b9d8e062fac1b2dfb8903e77bfe92a3891Tinderbox User to the use of forwarders in a caching name server. If no
a87790b9d8e062fac1b2dfb8903e77bfe92a3891Tinderbox User <code class="option">nameserver</code> entries are present, or if
a87790b9d8e062fac1b2dfb8903e77bfe92a3891Tinderbox User forwarding fails, <span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span> resolves the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein queries autonomously starting at the root name servers, using
a87790b9d8e062fac1b2dfb8903e77bfe92a3891Tinderbox User a built-in list of root server hints.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
a1ad6695ed6f988406cf155aa26376f84f73bcb9Automatic Updater Use IPv4 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv6.
44d0f0256fbdce130a18655023c3b06bacacbd61Automatic Updater <code class="option">-4</code> and <code class="option">-6</code> are mutually
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Use IPv6 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv4.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="option">-4</code> and <code class="option">-6</code> are mutually
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Use <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em> as the
f39512a917cdd06c611d366603374f6ef570c80eTinderbox User configuration file instead of the default,
f39512a917cdd06c611d366603374f6ef570c80eTinderbox User <code class="option">-c</code> can not be used with <code class="option">-C</code>.
f39512a917cdd06c611d366603374f6ef570c80eTinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-C <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></span></dt>
f39512a917cdd06c611d366603374f6ef570c80eTinderbox User Use <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em> as the
7208386cd37a2092c70eddf80cf29519b16c4c80Mark Andrews configuration file instead of the default,
507151045be68c671ffd4e2f37e17cdfa0376fc4Automatic Updater <code class="option">-C</code> can not be used with <code class="option">-c</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Set the daemon's debug level to <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em>.
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews Debugging traces from <span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span> become
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews more verbose as the debug level increases.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Run the server in the foreground and force all logging
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>pid-file</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Use <em class="replaceable"><code>pid-file</code></em> as the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein PID file instead of the default,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename">/var/run/lwresd/lwresd.pid</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Turn on memory usage debugging flags. Possible flags are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>usage</code></em>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>trace</code></em>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>record</code></em>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>size</code></em>, and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein These correspond to the ISC_MEM_DEBUGXXXX flags described in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename"><isc/mem.h></code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Create <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em> worker threads
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If not specified,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="command"><strong>lwresd</strong></span> will try to determine the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein single worker thread will be created.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-P <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Listen for lightweight resolver queries on port
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em>. If
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein not specified, the default is port 921.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Send DNS lookups to port <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em>. If not
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified, the default is port 53. This provides a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein way of testing the lightweight resolver daemon with a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name server that listens for queries on a non-standard
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein port number.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Write memory usage statistics to <code class="filename">stdout</code>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews and may be removed or changed in a future release.
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews to <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em> after
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews processing the command line arguments, but before
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews reading the configuration file.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This option should be used in conjunction with the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="option">-u</code> option, as chrooting a process
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein running as root doesn't enhance security on most
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein systems; the way <code class="function">chroot(2)</code> is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein defined allows a process with root privileges to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein escape a chroot jail.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></span></dt>
afb33f777af856f8c3382604a7a8ffdfe2b512c5Automatic Updater to <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em> after completing
afb33f777af856f8c3382604a7a8ffdfe2b512c5Automatic Updater privileged operations, such as creating sockets that
afb33f777af856f8c3382604a7a8ffdfe2b512c5Automatic Updater listen on privileged ports.
afb33f777af856f8c3382604a7a8ffdfe2b512c5Automatic Updater Report the version number and exit.
afb33f777af856f8c3382604a7a8ffdfe2b512c5Automatic Updater<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default configuration file.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/var/run/lwresd.pid</code></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default process-id file.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lwres</span>(3)</span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">resolver</span>(5)</span>.
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