man.host.html revision b3cbb2f1ad021349e89807f3492df6e4e679cd56
11e9368a226272085c337e9e74b79808c16fbdbaTinderbox User - Copyright (C) 2004-2006 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
75c0816e8295e180f4bc7f10db3d0d880383bc1cMark Andrews - Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater - Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<!-- $Id: man.host.html,v 1.36 2006/12/19 01:35:50 marka Exp $ -->
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.71.1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<link rel="start" href="Bv9ARM.html" title="BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<link rel="up" href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html" title="Manual pages">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<link rel="prev" href="man.dig.html" title="dig">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<link rel="next" href="man.dnssec-keygen.html" title="dnssec-keygen">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr><th colspan="3" align="center">host</th></tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a accesskey="p" href="man.dig.html">Prev</a>�</td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="man.dnssec-keygen.html">Next</a>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User<a name="man.host"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">host</code> [<code class="option">-aCdlnrsTwv</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>ndots</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-R <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>wait</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>] {name} [server]</p></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
2b4d1b54f6ca406b8233d9e6fea9593df6dad035Tinderbox User is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups.
2b4d1b54f6ca406b8233d9e6fea9593df6dad035Tinderbox User It is normally used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa.
2b4d1b54f6ca406b8233d9e6fea9593df6dad035Tinderbox User When no arguments or options are given,
2b4d1b54f6ca406b8233d9e6fea9593df6dad035Tinderbox User <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
2b4d1b54f6ca406b8233d9e6fea9593df6dad035Tinderbox User prints a short summary of its command line arguments and options.
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User<p><em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> is the domain name that is to be
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt up. It can also be a dotted-decimal IPv4 address or a colon-delimited
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein IPv6 address, in which case <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> will by
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User perform a reverse lookup for that address.
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> is an optional argument which
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt the name or IP address of the name server that <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
6f64d4ab8e68f9b2333bcbfc755396d29a4a9d7cAutomatic Updater should query instead of the server or servers listed in
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>.
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User The <code class="option">-a</code> (all) option is equivalent to setting the
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User <code class="option">-v</code> option and asking <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> to make
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User a query of type ANY.
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User When the <code class="option">-C</code> option is used, <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User will attempt to display the SOA records for zone
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> from all the listed
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User authoritative name
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User servers for that zone. The list of name servers is defined by the NS
6f64d4ab8e68f9b2333bcbfc755396d29a4a9d7cAutomatic Updater records that are found for the zone.
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User The <code class="option">-c</code> option instructs to make a DNS query of class
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>. This can be used to lookup
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt Chaosnet class resource records. The default class is IN (Internet).
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User Verbose output is generated by <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> when
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User <code class="option">-d</code> or <code class="option">-v</code> option is used. The two
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User options are equivalent. They have been provided for backwards
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User compatibility. In previous versions, the <code class="option">-d</code> option
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User switched on debugging traces and <code class="option">-v</code> enabled verbose
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User List mode is selected by the <code class="option">-l</code> option. This makes
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> perform a zone transfer for zone
bcf15a19ae0efa72a22cdfb50666a3c6ce39eb9fTinderbox User <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. Transfer the zone printing out
bcf15a19ae0efa72a22cdfb50666a3c6ce39eb9fTinderbox User and address records (A/AAAA). If combined with <code class="option">-a</code>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User all records will be printed.
260e8e04b0dc24cb884c789b5d9eb046457f264eTinderbox User option specifies that reverse lookups of IPv6 addresses should
260e8e04b0dc24cb884c789b5d9eb046457f264eTinderbox User use the IP6.INT domain as defined in RFC1886.
260e8e04b0dc24cb884c789b5d9eb046457f264eTinderbox User The default is to use IP6.ARPA.
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User The <code class="option">-N</code> option sets the number of dots that have to be
983df82baf1d7d0b668c98cf45928a19f175c6e7Tinderbox User in <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> for it to be considered
260e8e04b0dc24cb884c789b5d9eb046457f264eTinderbox User absolute. The
260e8e04b0dc24cb884c789b5d9eb046457f264eTinderbox User default value is that defined using the ndots statement in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, or 1 if no ndots
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein present. Names with fewer dots are interpreted as relative names and
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User will be searched for in the domains listed in the <span class="type">search</span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein or <span class="type">domain</span> directive in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The number of UDP retries for a lookup can be changed with the
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <code class="option">-R</code> option. <em class="parameter"><code>number</code></em>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein how many times <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> will repeat a query
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User not get answered. The default number of retries is 1. If
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews <em class="parameter"><code>number</code></em> is negative or zero, the
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt retries will default to 1.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Non-recursive queries can be made via the <code class="option">-r</code> option.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Setting this option clears the <span class="type">RD</span> — recursion
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User desired — bit in the query which <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> makes.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews This should mean that the name server receiving the query will not
dec590a3deb8e87380a8bd3a77d535dba3729bf6Tinderbox User attempt to resolve <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. The
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <code class="option">-r</code> option enables <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt the behaviour of a name server by making non-recursive queries and
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt expecting to receive answers to those queries that are usually
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews referrals to other name servers.
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User By default <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> uses UDP when making
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="option">-T</code> option makes it use a TCP connection when querying
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the name server. TCP will be automatically selected for queries that
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User require it, such as zone transfer (AXFR) requests.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <code class="option">-4</code> option forces <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> to only
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein use IPv4 query transport. The <code class="option">-6</code> option forces
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> to only use IPv6 query transport.
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt The <code class="option">-t</code> option is used to select the query type.
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> can be any recognised query
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User NS, SOA, SIG, KEY, AXFR, etc. When no query type is specified,
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> automatically selects an appropriate
3cddb2c552ee6582e8db0849c28747f6b6ca57feAutomatic Updater type. By default it looks for A records, but if the
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <code class="option">-C</code> option was given, queries will be made for SOA
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt records, and if <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> is a
852ccdd42a71550c974111b49415204ffeca6573Automatic Updater dotted-decimal IPv4
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User address or colon-delimited IPv6 address, <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> will
66f25f2ceeb589e67efe7af2413baaa3426b0042Automatic Updater query for PTR records. If a query type of IXFR is chosen the starting
66f25f2ceeb589e67efe7af2413baaa3426b0042Automatic Updater serial number can be specified by appending an equal followed by the
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt starting serial number (e.g. -t IXFR=12345678).
66f25f2ceeb589e67efe7af2413baaa3426b0042Automatic Updater The time to wait for a reply can be controlled through the
66f25f2ceeb589e67efe7af2413baaa3426b0042Automatic Updater <code class="option">-W</code> and <code class="option">-w</code> options. The
66f25f2ceeb589e67efe7af2413baaa3426b0042Automatic Updater <code class="option">-W</code> option makes <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User <em class="parameter"><code>wait</code></em> seconds. If <em class="parameter"><code>wait</code></em>
38417cbfb1a328c20b5b723b8584a02c57f88897Automatic Updater is less than one, the wait interval is set to one second. When the
38417cbfb1a328c20b5b723b8584a02c57f88897Automatic Updater <code class="option">-w</code> option is used, <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
38417cbfb1a328c20b5b723b8584a02c57f88897Automatic Updater effectively wait forever for a reply. The time to wait for a response
38417cbfb1a328c20b5b723b8584a02c57f88897Automatic Updater will be set to the number of seconds given by the hardware's maximum
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein value for an integer quantity.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <code class="option">-s</code> option tells <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> to send the query to the next nameserver
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein if any server responds with a SERVFAIL response, which is the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein reverse of normal stub resolver behaviour.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <code class="option">-m</code> can be used to set the memory usage debugging
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="parameter"><code>record</code></em>, <em class="parameter"><code>usage</code></em> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> has been built with IDN (internationalized
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> appropriately converts character encoding of
3a5fe5abf08f16b8d31ab8ee9a788063110ef000Automatic Updater domain name before sending a request to DNS server or displaying a
3a5fe5abf08f16b8d31ab8ee9a788063110ef000Automatic Updater reply from the server.
3a5fe5abf08f16b8d31ab8ee9a788063110ef000Automatic Updater If you'd like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, defines
3a5fe5abf08f16b8d31ab8ee9a788063110ef000Automatic Updater the <code class="envar">IDN_DISABLE</code> environment variable.
3a5fe5abf08f16b8d31ab8ee9a788063110ef000Automatic Updater The IDN support is disabled if the variable is set when
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> runs.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dig</span>(1)</span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a accesskey="p" href="man.dig.html">Prev</a>�</td>
794b79e6bbc3f5db1ea6ae154d739b9f1ef1a375Tinderbox User<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html">Up</a></td>
794b79e6bbc3f5db1ea6ae154d739b9f1ef1a375Tinderbox User<td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="man.dnssec-keygen.html">Next</a>
794b79e6bbc3f5db1ea6ae154d739b9f1ef1a375Tinderbox User<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">dig�</td>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="Bv9ARM.html">Home</a></td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�<span class="application">dnssec-keygen</span></td>