man.host.html revision 6ddb448306dd58f2521b4f9859b38dbb402e1dd1
80833bb9a1bf25dcf19e814438a4b311d2e1f4cffuankg - Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
a34684a59b60a4173c25035d0c627ef17e6dc215rpluem - Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.
1337c7673efc1f80f634139fbad7cbb98a0dc657ylavic - Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
1337c7673efc1f80f634139fbad7cbb98a0dc657ylavic - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
1337c7673efc1f80f634139fbad7cbb98a0dc657ylavic - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
4da61833a1cbbca94094f9653fd970582b97a72etrawick - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
4da61833a1cbbca94094f9653fd970582b97a72etrawick - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
4da61833a1cbbca94094f9653fd970582b97a72etrawick - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
4da61833a1cbbca94094f9653fd970582b97a72etrawick - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
4789804be088bcd86ae637a29cdb7fda25169521jailletc - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
4789804be088bcd86ae637a29cdb7fda25169521jailletc - OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
4789804be088bcd86ae637a29cdb7fda25169521jailletc - PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
e50c3026198fd496f183cda4c32a202925476778covener<!-- $Id: man.host.html,v 1.52 2007/08/13 05:27:51 marka Exp $ -->
5b88c8507d5ef6d0c4cfbc78230294968175b638minfrin<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
6c3b9cebb551140fbb25d58bae08b539b3802133ylavic<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.71.1">
6c3b9cebb551140fbb25d58bae08b539b3802133ylavic<link rel="start" href="Bv9ARM.html" title="BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual">
6c3b9cebb551140fbb25d58bae08b539b3802133ylavic<link rel="up" href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html" title="Manual pages">
4f29b65ab4b547ad5dbe506e2d0ff5d12ead9247ylavic<link rel="next" href="man.dnssec-keygen.html" title="dnssec-keygen">
0a0df13b7f1f4f1a74fe295253d89ca3911b301aylavic<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
506bfe33206b2fece40ef25f695af39dd4130facjkaluza<td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="man.dnssec-keygen.html">Next</a>
e8bd80a4bb88199d2f9a24a50345688e52d9c116ylavic<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">host</code> [<code class="option">-aCdlnrsTwv</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>ndots</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-R <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>wait</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>] {name} [server]</p></div>
330e16bea8fe9cace4de90c349750c03dfb1fe64ylavic is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups.
330e16bea8fe9cace4de90c349750c03dfb1fe64ylavic It is normally used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa.
330e16bea8fe9cace4de90c349750c03dfb1fe64ylavic When no arguments or options are given,
d7205b1a86c51c27b71a2c458dc453fd53a261c1covener prints a short summary of its command line arguments and options.
d7205b1a86c51c27b71a2c458dc453fd53a261c1covener<p><em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> is the domain name that is to be
d7205b1a86c51c27b71a2c458dc453fd53a261c1covener up. It can also be a dotted-decimal IPv4 address or a colon-delimited
44ff304057225e944e220e981d434a046d14cf06covener IPv6 address, in which case <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> will by
44ff304057225e944e220e981d434a046d14cf06covener perform a reverse lookup for that address.
44ff304057225e944e220e981d434a046d14cf06covener <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> is an optional argument which
5d1ba75b8794925e67591c209085a49279791de9covener the name or IP address of the name server that <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
5d1ba75b8794925e67591c209085a49279791de9covener should query instead of the server or servers listed in
032982212dbcc7c3cce95bf89c503bb56e185ac7kbrand The <code class="option">-a</code> (all) option is equivalent to setting the
caad2986f81ab263f7af41467dd622dc9add17f3ylavic <code class="option">-v</code> option and asking <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> to make
caad2986f81ab263f7af41467dd622dc9add17f3ylavic a query of type ANY.
45a10d38e6051fd7bdf9d742aaae633d97ff02abjailletc When the <code class="option">-C</code> option is used, <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
f7317ff316c2b141feea31bddb74d5d3fa1584edjorton will attempt to display the SOA records for zone
f7317ff316c2b141feea31bddb74d5d3fa1584edjorton <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> from all the listed
2165214331e4afafca4048f66f303d0253d7b001covener authoritative name
a34684a59b60a4173c25035d0c627ef17e6dc215rpluem servers for that zone. The list of name servers is defined by the NS
a34684a59b60a4173c25035d0c627ef17e6dc215rpluem records that are found for the zone.
1e2d421a36999d292042a5539971070d54aa6c63ylavic The <code class="option">-c</code> option instructs to make a DNS query of class
fa7ed98b9dc94c5845cf845aea0a44ecacd290c9humbedooh <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>. This can be used to lookup
fa7ed98b9dc94c5845cf845aea0a44ecacd290c9humbedooh Chaosnet class resource records. The default class is IN (Internet).
0b67eb8568cd58bb77082703951679b42cf098actrawick Verbose output is generated by <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> when
5ef3c61605a3a021ff71f488983cb0065f8e1a79covener <code class="option">-d</code> or <code class="option">-v</code> option is used. The two
fb1985a97912b25ec6564c73e610a31e5fc6e25fcovener options are equivalent. They have been provided for backwards
09c87c777bed1655621bb20e1c46cb6b1a63279dcovener compatibility. In previous versions, the <code class="option">-d</code> option
6502b7b32f980cc2093bb3ebce37e5e4dc68fba4ylavic switched on debugging traces and <code class="option">-v</code> enabled verbose
c1a63b8fad09c419c1a64f75993feb8a343a6801ylavic List mode is selected by the <code class="option">-l</code> option. This makes
c1a63b8fad09c419c1a64f75993feb8a343a6801ylavic <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> perform a zone transfer for zone
e6b4bd1113567627ab6bb6c6a7105e1e01a7d889jailletc <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. Transfer the zone printing out
e6b4bd1113567627ab6bb6c6a7105e1e01a7d889jailletc the NS, PTR
e466c40e1801982602ee0200c9e8b61cc148742djailletc and address records (A/AAAA). If combined with <code class="option">-a</code>
e466c40e1801982602ee0200c9e8b61cc148742djailletc all records will be printed.
04983e3bd1754764eec7d6bb772fe3b0bf391771jorton option specifies that reverse lookups of IPv6 addresses should
04983e3bd1754764eec7d6bb772fe3b0bf391771jorton use the IP6.INT domain as defined in RFC1886.
15890c9306ba98f6fc243e15a3c4778ddc7d773erpluem The default is to use IP6.ARPA.
49dacedb6c387b786b7911082ff35121a45f414bcovener The <code class="option">-N</code> option sets the number of dots that have to be
49dacedb6c387b786b7911082ff35121a45f414bcovener in <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> for it to be considered
cfd9415521847b2f9394fad04fb701cfb955f503rjung absolute. The
cfd9415521847b2f9394fad04fb701cfb955f503rjung default value is that defined using the ndots statement in
cfd9415521847b2f9394fad04fb701cfb955f503rjung <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, or 1 if no ndots
28c31fb73c1264bd1d0ff932573677030b024c7dwrowe statement is
28c31fb73c1264bd1d0ff932573677030b024c7dwrowe present. Names with fewer dots are interpreted as relative names and
28c31fb73c1264bd1d0ff932573677030b024c7dwrowe will be searched for in the domains listed in the <span class="type">search</span>
63b9f1f5880391261705f696d7d65507bbe9ace3covener The number of UDP retries for a lookup can be changed with the
63b9f1f5880391261705f696d7d65507bbe9ace3covener <code class="option">-R</code> option. <em class="parameter"><code>number</code></em>
49dacedb6c387b786b7911082ff35121a45f414bcovener how many times <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> will repeat a query
49dacedb6c387b786b7911082ff35121a45f414bcovener not get answered. The default number of retries is 1. If
3c990331fc6702119e4f5b8ba9eae3021aea5265jim <em class="parameter"><code>number</code></em> is negative or zero, the
3c990331fc6702119e4f5b8ba9eae3021aea5265jim retries will default to 1.
fc42512879dd0504532f52fe5d0d0383dda96a1eniq Non-recursive queries can be made via the <code class="option">-r</code> option.
fc42512879dd0504532f52fe5d0d0383dda96a1eniq Setting this option clears the <span class="type">RD</span> — recursion
0451df5dc50fa5d8b3e07d92ee6a92e36a1181a5niq desired — bit in the query which <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> makes.
0451df5dc50fa5d8b3e07d92ee6a92e36a1181a5niq This should mean that the name server receiving the query will not
0451df5dc50fa5d8b3e07d92ee6a92e36a1181a5niq attempt to resolve <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. The
da0442c0440caef34706e2c2f3af05cb65921cc0jailletc <code class="option">-r</code> option enables <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
da0442c0440caef34706e2c2f3af05cb65921cc0jailletc the behavior of a name server by making non-recursive queries and
da0442c0440caef34706e2c2f3af05cb65921cc0jailletc expecting to receive answers to those queries that are usually
06b8f183140c8e02e0974e938a05078b511d1603covener referrals to other name servers.
15890c9306ba98f6fc243e15a3c4778ddc7d773erpluem By default <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> uses UDP when making
259878293a997ff49f5ddfc53d3739cbdc25444ecovener queries. The
259878293a997ff49f5ddfc53d3739cbdc25444ecovener <code class="option">-T</code> option makes it use a TCP connection when querying
259878293a997ff49f5ddfc53d3739cbdc25444ecovener the name server. TCP will be automatically selected for queries that
259878293a997ff49f5ddfc53d3739cbdc25444ecovener require it, such as zone transfer (AXFR) requests.
b54b024c06a19926832d77d40ba35ad8c41e4d3dminfrin The <code class="option">-4</code> option forces <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> to only
b54b024c06a19926832d77d40ba35ad8c41e4d3dminfrin use IPv4 query transport. The <code class="option">-6</code> option forces
65967d05f839dbf27cf91d91fa79585eeae19660minfrin <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> to only use IPv6 query transport.
65967d05f839dbf27cf91d91fa79585eeae19660minfrin The <code class="option">-t</code> option is used to select the query type.
8152945ae46857b170cb227e79bb799f4fc7710dminfrin <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> can be any recognized query
8152945ae46857b170cb227e79bb799f4fc7710dminfrin type: CNAME,
8152945ae46857b170cb227e79bb799f4fc7710dminfrin NS, SOA, SIG, KEY, AXFR, etc. When no query type is specified,
8152945ae46857b170cb227e79bb799f4fc7710dminfrin <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> automatically selects an appropriate
75f5c2db254c0167a0e396254460de09b775d203trawick type. By default it looks for A records, but if the
75f5c2db254c0167a0e396254460de09b775d203trawick <code class="option">-C</code> option was given, queries will be made for SOA
4f0358189bfa57b8e75bd6b94db264302a8f336amrumph records, and if <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> is a
4f0358189bfa57b8e75bd6b94db264302a8f336amrumph dotted-decimal IPv4
4f0358189bfa57b8e75bd6b94db264302a8f336amrumph address or colon-delimited IPv6 address, <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> will
5716f9c6daa92dde5f2f9d11ed63f7c9549c223atrawick query for PTR records. If a query type of IXFR is chosen the starting
5716f9c6daa92dde5f2f9d11ed63f7c9549c223atrawick serial number can be specified by appending an equal followed by the
5716f9c6daa92dde5f2f9d11ed63f7c9549c223atrawick starting serial number (e.g. -t IXFR=12345678).
54d750a84a175d8e338880514d440773eb986b50covener The time to wait for a reply can be controlled through the
54d750a84a175d8e338880514d440773eb986b50covener <code class="option">-W</code> and <code class="option">-w</code> options. The
54d750a84a175d8e338880514d440773eb986b50covener <code class="option">-W</code> option makes <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
54d750a84a175d8e338880514d440773eb986b50covener <em class="parameter"><code>wait</code></em> seconds. If <em class="parameter"><code>wait</code></em>
54d750a84a175d8e338880514d440773eb986b50covener is less than one, the wait interval is set to one second. When the
54d750a84a175d8e338880514d440773eb986b50covener <code class="option">-w</code> option is used, <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
54d750a84a175d8e338880514d440773eb986b50covener effectively wait forever for a reply. The time to wait for a response
54d750a84a175d8e338880514d440773eb986b50covener will be set to the number of seconds given by the hardware's maximum
83b50288fa7d306324bba68832011ea08f5c7832covener value for an integer quantity.
5f066f496cd9f20a2a701255bc67d44e7cb46daetrawick The <code class="option">-s</code> option tells <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span>
5f066f496cd9f20a2a701255bc67d44e7cb46daetrawick <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> to send the query to the next nameserver
5f066f496cd9f20a2a701255bc67d44e7cb46daetrawick if any server responds with a SERVFAIL response, which is the
2e15620d724fb8e3a5be183b917359a2fd6e9468covener reverse of normal stub resolver behavior.
2e15620d724fb8e3a5be183b917359a2fd6e9468covener The <code class="option">-m</code> can be used to set the memory usage debugging
1b988c41ee505962781d110a3e4c2c90f1ea0aa4covener <em class="parameter"><code>record</code></em>, <em class="parameter"><code>usage</code></em> and
f06e7c4b1bce6b6491e5de0b7998d3f5696b293dchrisd If <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> has been built with IDN (internationalized
f06e7c4b1bce6b6491e5de0b7998d3f5696b293dchrisd domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
179565be4043d7e5f9161aa75271fa0a001866d9covener <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> appropriately converts character encoding of
179565be4043d7e5f9161aa75271fa0a001866d9covener domain name before sending a request to DNS server or displaying a
179565be4043d7e5f9161aa75271fa0a001866d9covener reply from the server.
111436a32ba1254291e4883292fb116d15fe8f64covener If you'd like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, defines
fce4949fb0b309a5744afcd503c6ed2d35621ee2covener the <code class="envar">IDN_DISABLE</code> environment variable.
fce4949fb0b309a5744afcd503c6ed2d35621ee2covener The IDN support is disabled if the variable is set when
fce4949fb0b309a5744afcd503c6ed2d35621ee2covener <span><strong class="command">host</strong></span> runs.
ccc20788c1e5fc973f36df634399c89acb70deaejerenkrantz<p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
273e512f20f262e5e2aa8e0e83371d1929fb76adjkaluza<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dig</span>(1)</span>,
efe780dcf13b2b95effabf897d694d8f23feac74trawick <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>.
ba050a6f942b9fa0e81ed73437588005c569655ccovener<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html">Up</a></td>
135ddda3a989215d2bedbcf1529bfb269c3eda23niq<td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="man.dnssec-keygen.html">Next</a>
001a44c352f89c9ec332ffd3e0a6927dcd19432chumbedooh<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">dig�</td>
001a44c352f89c9ec332ffd3e0a6927dcd19432chumbedooh<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="Bv9ARM.html">Home</a></td>
efe780dcf13b2b95effabf897d694d8f23feac74trawick<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�<span class="application">dnssec-keygen</span>