man.host.html revision 164ade1482251e1da962b42e5bf0d3aa02a11e03
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf - Copyright (C) 2000-2016 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf - This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf - License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf - file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1">
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<link rel="home" href="Bv9ARM.html" title="BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual">
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<link rel="up" href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html" title="Manual pages">
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
257c04ecb24858f6d68020a41589306f554ea434Marcel Telka<th width="60%" align="center">Manual pages</th>
257c04ecb24858f6d68020a41589306f554ea434Marcel Telka<td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="man.delv.html">Next</a>
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf — DNS lookup utility
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>]
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf [<code class="option">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>ndots</code></em></code>]
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf [<code class="option">-R <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em></code>]
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>]
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf [<code class="option">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>wait</code></em></code>]
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></code>]
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf It is normally used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf When no arguments or options are given,
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf prints a short summary of its command line arguments and options.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf <p><em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> is the domain name that is to be
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf up. It can also be a dotted-decimal IPv4 address or a colon-delimited
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf IPv6 address, in which case <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> will by
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf perform a reverse lookup for that address.
7a1efdfee8cbdecea34d3d866bbfb46e39b06e0apawelw <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> is an optional argument which
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf the name or IP address of the name server that <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span>
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf should query instead of the server or servers listed in
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Use IPv4 only for query transport.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Use IPv6 only for query transport.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf "All". The <code class="option">-a</code> option is normally equivalent
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf to <code class="option">-v -t <code class="literal">ANY</code></code>.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf It also affects the behaviour of the <code class="option">-l</code>
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf list zone option.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span></dt>
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Query class: This can be used to lookup HS (Hesiod) or CH
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf (Chaosnet) class resource records. The default class is IN
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf (Internet).
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Check consistency: <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> will query the
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf SOA records for zone <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> from all
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf the listed authoritative name servers for that zone. The
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf list of name servers is defined by the NS records that are
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf found for the zone.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Print debugging traces.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Equivalent to the <code class="option">-v</code> verbose option.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Use the IP6.INT domain for reverse lookups of IPv6
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf addresses as defined in RFC1886 and deprecated in RFC4159.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf The default is to use IP6.ARPA as specified in RFC3596.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf List zone:
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf The <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> command performs a zone transfer of
257c04ecb24858f6d68020a41589306f554ea434Marcel Telka zone <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> and prints out the NS,
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf options print all records in the zone.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<dt><span class="term">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>ndots</code></em></span></dt>
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf The number of dots that have to be
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf in <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> for it to be considered
4360436b3c604bc28d37be269ad152b4c38157c3pawelw absolute. The default value is that defined using the
4360436b3c604bc28d37be269ad152b4c38157c3pawelw ndots statement in <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>,
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf or 1 if no ndots statement is present. Names with fewer
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf dots are interpreted as relative names and will be
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf searched for in the domains listed in
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf the <span class="type">search</span> or <span class="type">domain</span> directive
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Non-recursive query:
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Setting this option clears the RD (recursion desired) bit
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf in the query. This should mean that the name server
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf receiving the query will not attempt to
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf enables <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> to mimic the behavior of a
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf name server by making non-recursive queries and expecting
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf to receive answers to those queries that can be
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf referrals to other name servers.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<dt><span class="term">-R <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em></span></dt>
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Number of retries for UDP queries:
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf If <em class="parameter"><code>number</code></em> is negative or zero, the
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf number of retries will default to 1. The default value is
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf 1, or the value of the <em class="parameter"><code>attempts</code></em>
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf option in <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, if set.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Do <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> send the query to the next
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf nameserver if any server responds with a SERVFAIL
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf response, which is the reverse of normal stub resolver
257c04ecb24858f6d68020a41589306f554ea434Marcel Telka<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></span></dt>
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Query type:
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf The <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> argument can be any
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf recognized query type: CNAME, NS, SOA, TXT, DNSKEY, AXFR, etc.
2038334ab26baaa43c9083f35def041511c3cc1fUnknown When no query type is specified, <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span>
2038334ab26baaa43c9083f35def041511c3cc1fUnknown automatically selects an appropriate query type. By default, it
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf looks for A, AAAA, and MX records.
4e54023805e14cf984b9f0041df73c16334a7a88ls If the <code class="option">-C</code> option is given, queries will
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf be made for SOA records.
2038334ab26baaa43c9083f35def041511c3cc1fUnknown If <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> is a dotted-decimal IPv4
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf address or colon-delimited IPv6
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf address, <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> will query for PTR
2ee4dfc799525d35706ee64a901cd970a7080bb6Jane Chu If a query type of IXFR is chosen the starting serial
2ee4dfc799525d35706ee64a901cd970a7080bb6Jane Chu number can be specified by appending an equal followed by
2ee4dfc799525d35706ee64a901cd970a7080bb6Jane Chu the starting serial number
2ee4dfc799525d35706ee64a901cd970a7080bb6Jane Chu (like <code class="option">-t <code class="literal">IXFR=12345678</code></code>).
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<span class="term">-T, </span><span class="term">-U</span>
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf By default, <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> uses UDP when making
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf queries. The <code class="option">-T</code> option makes it use a TCP
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf connection when querying the name server. TCP will be
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf automatically selected for queries that require it, such
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf as zone transfer (AXFR) requests. Type ANY queries default
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf to TCP but can be forced to UDP initially using <code class="option">-U</code>.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<dt><span class="term">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em></span></dt>
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Memory usage debugging: the flag can
8aa6aadbbfba50077655c6a46a5e269c880e4ab4Xiao-Yu Zhang be <em class="parameter"><code>record</code></em>, <em class="parameter"><code>usage</code></em>,
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf or <em class="parameter"><code>trace</code></em>. You can specify
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf the <code class="option">-m</code> option more than once to set
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf multiple flags.
8aa6aadbbfba50077655c6a46a5e269c880e4ab4Xiao-Yu Zhang Verbose output.
8aa6aadbbfba50077655c6a46a5e269c880e4ab4Xiao-Yu Zhang Equivalent to the <code class="option">-d</code> debug option.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Verbose output can also be enabled by setting
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf the <em class="parameter"><code>debug</code></em> option
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Print the version number and exit.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Wait forever: The query timeout is set to the maximum possible.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<dt><span class="term">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>wait</code></em></span></dt>
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf Timeout: Wait for up to <em class="parameter"><code>wait</code></em>
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf seconds for a reply. If <em class="parameter"><code>wait</code></em> is
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf less than one, the wait interval is set to one second.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf By default, <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> will wait for 5
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf seconds for UDP responses and 10 seconds for TCP
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf connections. These defaults can be overridden by
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf the <em class="parameter"><code>timeout</code></em> option
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf If <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> has been built with IDN (internationalized
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> appropriately converts character encoding of
6ed1276fb5fe78fb1cce38682748a830ef8bd157pawelw domain name before sending a request to DNS server or displaying a
6ed1276fb5fe78fb1cce38682748a830ef8bd157pawelw reply from the server.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf If you'd like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, defines
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf the <code class="envar">IDN_DISABLE</code> environment variable.
4360436b3c604bc28d37be269ad152b4c38157c3pawelw The IDN support is disabled if the variable is set when
4360436b3c604bc28d37be269ad152b4c38157c3pawelw <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> runs.
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html">Up</a></td>
66f9d5cb3cc0652e2d9d1366fb950efbe4ca2f24mlf<td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="man.delv.html">Next</a>
2038334ab26baaa43c9083f35def041511c3cc1fUnknown<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="Bv9ARM.html">Home</a></td>
f8a673ad9145b262edb65a98fb3fb92027d23a05ying tian - Beijing China<p xmlns:db="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" style="text-align: center;">BIND 9.11.2b1</p>