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d6fa26d0adaec6c910115be34fe7a5a5f402c14fMark Andrews<!--
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - Copyright (C) 2004-2006 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
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5347c0fcb04eaea19d9f39795646239f487c6207Tinderbox User - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein -
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
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fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
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fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User<td width="20%" align="left">
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af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User<hr>
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User</div>
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User<div class="refentry" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="man.dnssec-signzone"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User<div class="refnamediv">
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User<h2>Name</h2>
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User<p><span class="application">dnssec-signzone</span> &#8212; DNSSEC zone signing tool</p>
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User</div>
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User<div class="refsynopsisdiv">
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User<h2>Synopsis</h2>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dnssec-signzone</code> [<code class="option">-a</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-e <em class="replaceable"><code>end-time</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>output-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-g</code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>domain</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>interval</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-I <em class="replaceable"><code>input-format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-j <em class="replaceable"><code>jitter</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>soa-serial-format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>origin</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-O <em class="replaceable"><code>output-format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-p</code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>randomdev</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>start-time</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t</code>] [<code class="option">-v <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-z</code>] {zonefile} [key...]</p></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User<a name="id2580053"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<p><span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein signs a zone. It generates
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein NSEC and RRSIG records and produces a signed version of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone. The security status of delegations from the signed zone
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (that is, whether the child zones are secure or not) is
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews determined by the presence or absence of a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename">keyset</code> file for each child zone.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2580072"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User<div class="variablelist"><dl>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-a</span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
c48c7872a0e020a63a96faed166c6ae960e4c1e9Mark Andrews Verify all generated signatures.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span></dt>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<dd><p>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews Specifies the DNS class of the zone.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em></span></dt>
f9ce6280cec79deb16ff6d9807aa493ff23e10d9Tinderbox User<dd><p>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User Treat specified key as a key signing key ignoring any
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User key flags. This option may be specified multiple times.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>domain</code></em></span></dt>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User<dd><p>
9c6a5d1f22f972232d7a9fd5c5fa64f10bacbdffAutomatic Updater Generate a DLV set in addition to the key (DNSKEY) and DS sets.
9c6a5d1f22f972232d7a9fd5c5fa64f10bacbdffAutomatic Updater The domain is appended to the name of the records.
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews </p></dd>
9c6a5d1f22f972232d7a9fd5c5fa64f10bacbdffAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="term">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Look for <code class="filename">keyset</code> files in
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews <code class="option">directory</code> as the directory
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
9c6a5d1f22f972232d7a9fd5c5fa64f10bacbdffAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="term">-g</span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
9c6a5d1f22f972232d7a9fd5c5fa64f10bacbdffAutomatic Updater Generate DS records for child zones from keyset files.
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews Existing DS records will be removed.
9c6a5d1f22f972232d7a9fd5c5fa64f10bacbdffAutomatic Updater </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>start-time</code></em></span></dt>
9c6a5d1f22f972232d7a9fd5c5fa64f10bacbdffAutomatic Updater<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specify the date and time when the generated RRSIG records
9c6a5d1f22f972232d7a9fd5c5fa64f10bacbdffAutomatic Updater become valid. This can be either an absolute or relative
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein time. An absolute start time is indicated by a number
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS notation; 20000530144500 denotes
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews 14:45:00 UTC on May 30th, 2000. A relative start time is
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews indicated by +N, which is N seconds from the current time.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If no <code class="option">start-time</code> is specified, the current
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein time minus 1 hour (to allow for clock skew) is used.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-e <em class="replaceable"><code>end-time</code></em></span></dt>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specify the date and time when the generated RRSIG records
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User expire. As with <code class="option">start-time</code>, an absolute
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User time is indicated in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS notation. A time relative
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to the start time is indicated with +N, which is N seconds from
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the start time. A time relative to the current time is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein indicated with now+N. If no <code class="option">end-time</code> is
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User specified, 30 days from the start time is used as a default.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<dt><span class="term">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>output-file</code></em></span></dt>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The name of the output file containing the signed zone. The
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein default is to append <code class="filename">.signed</code> to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein input file.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-h</span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Prints a short summary of the options and arguments to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>interval</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein When a previously signed zone is passed as input, records
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein may be resigned. The <code class="option">interval</code> option
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specifies the cycle interval as an offset from the current
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein time (in seconds). If a RRSIG record expires after the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein cycle interval, it is retained. Otherwise, it is considered
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to be expiring soon, and it will be replaced.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default cycle interval is one quarter of the difference
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein between the signature end and start times. So if neither
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="option">end-time</code> or <code class="option">start-time</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are specified, <span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein generates
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein signatures that are valid for 30 days, with a cycle
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein interval of 7.5 days. Therefore, if any existing RRSIG records
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are due to expire in less than 7.5 days, they would be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein replaced.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-I <em class="replaceable"><code>input-format</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The format of the input zone file.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Possible formats are <span><strong class="command">"text"</strong></span> (default)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and <span><strong class="command">"raw"</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This option is primarily intended to be used for dynamic
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein signed zones so that the dumped zone file in a non-text
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein format containing updates can be signed directly.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The use of this option does not make much sense for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein non-dynamic zones.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-j <em class="replaceable"><code>jitter</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein When signing a zone with a fixed signature lifetime, all
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RRSIG records issued at the time of signing expires
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein simultaneously. If the zone is incrementally signed, i.e.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a previously signed zone is passed as input to the signer,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein all expired signatures has to be regenerated at about the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein same time. The <code class="option">jitter</code> option specifies a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein jitter window that will be used to randomize the signature
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User expire time, thus spreading incremental signature
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User regeneration over time.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<p>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User Signature lifetime jitter also to some extent benefits
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein validators and servers by spreading out cache expiration,
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt i.e. if large numbers of RRSIGs don't expire at the same time
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt from all caches there will be less congestion than if all
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein validators need to refetch at mostly the same time.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>ncpus</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifies the number of threads to use. By default, one
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein thread is started for each detected CPU.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-N <em class="replaceable"><code>soa-serial-format</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The SOA serial number format of the signed zone.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Possible formats are <span><strong class="command">"keep"</strong></span> (default),
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">"increment"</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">"unixtime"</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="variablelist"><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">"keep"</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>Do not modify the SOA serial number.</p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">"increment"</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>Increment the SOA serial number using RFC 1982
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein arithmetics.</p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">"unixtime"</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>Set the SOA serial number to the number of seconds
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein since epoch.</p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dl></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>origin</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The zone origin. If not specified, the name of the zone file
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is assumed to be the origin.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-O <em class="replaceable"><code>output-format</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The format of the output file containing the signed zone.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Possible formats are <span><strong class="command">"text"</strong></span> (default)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and <span><strong class="command">"raw"</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-p</span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Use pseudo-random data when signing the zone. This is faster,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein but less secure, than using real random data. This option
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein may be useful when signing large zones or when the entropy
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein source is limited.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>randomdev</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifies the source of randomness. If the operating
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein system does not provide a <code class="filename">/dev/random</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein or equivalent device, the default source of randomness
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is keyboard input. <code class="filename">randomdev</code>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User specifies
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the name of a character device or file containing random
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein data to be used instead of the default. The special value
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User <code class="filename">keyboard</code> indicates that keyboard
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User input should be used.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-t</span></dt>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Print statistics at completion.
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews </p></dd>
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews<dt><span class="term">-v <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews Sets the debugging level.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-z</span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User Ignore KSK flag on key when determining what to sign.
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User </p></dd>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term">zonefile</span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The file containing the zone to be signed.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term">key</span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User The keys used to sign the zone. If no keys are specified, the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein default all zone keys that have private key files in the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein current directory.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews</dl></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<a name="id2583966"></a><h2>EXAMPLE</h2>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<p>
731cc132f22dbc9e0ecd7035dce314a61076d31bAutomatic Updater The following command signs the <strong class="userinput"><code>example.com</code></strong>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone with the DSA key generated in the <span><strong class="command">dnssec-keygen</strong></span>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User man page. The zone's keys must be in the zone. If there are
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User <code class="filename">keyset</code> files associated with child
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zones,
af40ebed6257e4ac1996144530b3de317cf4da11Tinderbox User they must be in the current directory.
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User <strong class="userinput"><code>example.com</code></strong>, the following command would be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein issued:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><strong class="userinput"><code>dnssec-signzone -o example.com db.example.com
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Kexample.com.+003+26160</code></strong>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The command would print a string of the form:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In this example, <span><strong class="command">dnssec-signzone</strong></span> creates
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User the file <code class="filename">db.example.com.signed</code>. This
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein should be referenced in a zone statement in a
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <code class="filename">named.conf</code> file.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2584032"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="citetitle">RFC 2535</em>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2584056"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
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