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13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<!--
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync - Copyright (C) 2004-2011 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
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13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<div class="refentry" lang="en">
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<a name="man.dig"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<div class="refnamediv">
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<h2>Name</h2>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>dig &#8212; DNS lookup utility</p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync</div>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<div class="refsynopsisdiv">
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<h2>Synopsis</h2>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [@server] [<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m</code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port#</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-q <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>addr</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-y <em class="replaceable"><code>[<span class="optional">hmac:</span>]name:key</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>] [name] [type] [class] [queryopt...]</p></div>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [<code class="option">-h</code>]</p></div>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [global-queryopt...] [query...]</p></div>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync</div>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<a name="id2609221"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p><span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync (domain information groper) is a flexible tool
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync for interrogating DNS name servers. It performs DNS lookups and
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync displays the answers that are returned from the name server(s) that
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync were queried. Most DNS administrators use <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> to
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync troubleshoot DNS problems because of its flexibility, ease of use and
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync clarity of output. Other lookup tools tend to have less functionality
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync than <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Although <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> is normally used with
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync command-line
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync arguments, it also has a batch mode of operation for reading lookup
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync requests from a file. A brief summary of its command-line arguments
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync and options is printed when the <code class="option">-h</code> option is given.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Unlike earlier versions, the BIND 9 implementation of
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> allows multiple lookups to be issued
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync from the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync command line.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Unless it is told to query a specific name server,
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will try each of the servers listed
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync in
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync When no command line arguments or options are given,
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will perform an NS query for "." (the root).
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync It is possible to set per-user defaults for <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> via
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</code>. This file is read and
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync any options in it
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync are applied before the command line arguments.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync The IN and CH class names overlap with the IN and CH top level
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync domains names. Either use the <code class="option">-t</code> and
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <code class="option">-c</code> options to specify the type and class,
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync use the <code class="option">-q</code> the specify the domain name, or
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync use "IN." and "CH." when looking up these top level domains.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync</div>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<a name="id2609998"></a><h2>SIMPLE USAGE</h2>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync A typical invocation of <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> looks like:
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<pre class="programlisting"> dig @server name type </pre>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync where:
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<div class="variablelist"><dl>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">server</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync is the name or IP address of the name server to query. This can
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync be an IPv4
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync address in dotted-decimal notation or an IPv6
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync address in colon-delimited notation. When the supplied
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> argument is a
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync hostname,
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> resolves that name before
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync querying that name
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync server. If no <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync argument is provided,
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> consults <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync and queries the name servers listed there. The reply from the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync name
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync server that responds is displayed.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">name</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync is the name of the resource record that is to be looked up.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">type</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync indicates what type of query is required &#8212;
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync ANY, A, MX, SIG, etc.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> can be any valid query
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync type. If no
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> argument is supplied,
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will perform a lookup for an
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync A record.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync</dl></div>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync</div>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<a name="id2610519"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync The <code class="option">-b</code> option sets the source IP address of the query
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync to <em class="parameter"><code>address</code></em>. This must be a valid
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync address on
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync one of the host's network interfaces or "0.0.0.0" or "::". An optional
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync port
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync may be specified by appending "#&lt;port&gt;"
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync The default query class (IN for internet) is overridden by the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <code class="option">-c</code> option. <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em> is
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync any valid
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync class, such as HS for Hesiod records or CH for Chaosnet records.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync The <code class="option">-f</code> option makes <span><strong class="command">dig </strong></span>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync operate
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync in batch mode by reading a list of lookup requests to process from the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync file <em class="parameter"><code>filename</code></em>. The file contains a
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync number of
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync queries, one per line. Each entry in the file should be organized in
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync the same way they would be presented as queries to
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> using the command-line interface.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync The <code class="option">-m</code> option enables memory usage debugging.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync If a non-standard port number is to be queried, the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <code class="option">-p</code> option is used. <em class="parameter"><code>port#</code></em> is
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync the port number that <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will send its
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync queries
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync instead of the standard DNS port number 53. This option would be used
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync to test a name server that has been configured to listen for queries
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync on a non-standard port number.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync The <code class="option">-4</code> option forces <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync to only
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync use IPv4 query transport. The <code class="option">-6</code> option forces
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> to only use IPv6 query transport.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync The <code class="option">-t</code> option sets the query type to
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>. It can be any valid query type
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync which is
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync supported in BIND 9. The default query type is "A", unless the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <code class="option">-x</code> option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync A zone transfer can be requested by specifying a type of AXFR. When
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync an incremental zone transfer (IXFR) is required,
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> is set to <code class="literal">ixfr=N</code>.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync The incremental zone transfer will contain the changes made to the zone
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync since the serial number in the zone's SOA record was
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>N</code></em>.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync The <code class="option">-q</code> option sets the query name to
f6a7a5ea5c6903d1a5632f2febac4e489bd8beddvboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. This useful do distinguish the
f6a7a5ea5c6903d1a5632f2febac4e489bd8beddvboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> from other arguments.
f6a7a5ea5c6903d1a5632f2febac4e489bd8beddvboxsync </p>
f6a7a5ea5c6903d1a5632f2febac4e489bd8beddvboxsync<p>
f6a7a5ea5c6903d1a5632f2febac4e489bd8beddvboxsync Reverse lookups &#8212; mapping addresses to names &#8212; are simplified by the
f6a7a5ea5c6903d1a5632f2febac4e489bd8beddvboxsync <code class="option">-x</code> option. <em class="parameter"><code>addr</code></em> is
f6a7a5ea5c6903d1a5632f2febac4e489bd8beddvboxsync an IPv4
f6a7a5ea5c6903d1a5632f2febac4e489bd8beddvboxsync address in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address.
f6a7a5ea5c6903d1a5632f2febac4e489bd8beddvboxsync When this option is used, there is no need to provide the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>, <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em> and
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> arguments. <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync automatically performs a lookup for a name like
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <code class="literal">11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa</code> and sets the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync query type and
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync class to PTR and IN respectively. By default, IPv6 addresses are
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync looked up using nibble format under the IP6.ARPA domain.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync To use the older RFC1886 method using the IP6.INT domain
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync specify the <code class="option">-i</code> option. Bit string labels (RFC2874)
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync are now experimental and are not attempted.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync To sign the DNS queries sent by <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> and
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync their
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync responses using transaction signatures (TSIG), specify a TSIG key file
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync using the <code class="option">-k</code> option. You can also specify the TSIG
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync key itself on the command line using the <code class="option">-y</code> option;
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>hmac</code></em> is the type of the TSIG, default HMAC-MD5,
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> is the name of the TSIG key and
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>key</code></em> is the actual key. The key is a
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync base-64
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync encoded string, typically generated by
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Caution should be taken when using the <code class="option">-y</code> option on
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync multi-user systems as the key can be visible in the output from
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ps</span>(1)</span>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync or in the shell's history file. When
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync using TSIG authentication with <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>, the name
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync server that is queried needs to know the key and algorithm that is
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync being used. In BIND, this is done by providing appropriate
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> statements in
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync</div>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<a name="id2662403"></a><h2>QUERY OPTIONS</h2>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p><span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync provides a number of query options which affect
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync these set or reset flag bits in the query header, some determine which
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync sections of the answer get printed, and others determine the timeout
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync and retry strategies.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus sign
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync (<code class="literal">+</code>). Some keywords set or reset an
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync option. These may be preceded
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync by the string <code class="literal">no</code> to negate the meaning of
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync that keyword. Other
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync keywords assign values to options like the timeout interval. They
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync have the form <code class="option">+keyword=value</code>.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync The query options are:
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<div class="variablelist"><dl>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]tcp</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The default
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync behavior is to use UDP unless an AXFR or IXFR query is
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync requested, in
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync which case a TCP connection is used.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]vc</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. This alternate
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync syntax to <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]tcp</code></em> is
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync provided for backwards
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync compatibility. The "vc" stands for "virtual circuit".
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ignore</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Ignore truncation in UDP responses instead of retrying with TCP.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync By
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync default, TCP retries are performed.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+domain=somename</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Set the search list to contain the single domain
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>somename</code></em>, as if specified in
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync a
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <span><strong class="command">domain</strong></span> directive in
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, and enable
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync search list
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync processing as if the <em class="parameter"><code>+search</code></em>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync option were given.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]search</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Use [do not use] the search list defined by the searchlist or
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync domain
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync directive in <code class="filename">resolv.conf</code> (if
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync any).
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync The search list is not used by default.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]showsearch</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Perform [do not perform] a search showing intermediate
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync results.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]defname</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Deprecated, treated as a synonym for <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]search</code></em>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaonly</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Sets the "aa" flag in the query.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaflag</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync A synonym for <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]aaonly</code></em>.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]adflag</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Set [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync query. This requests the server to return whether
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync all of the answer and authority sections have all
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync been validated as secure according to the security
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync policy of the server. AD=1 indicates that all records
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync have been validated as secure and the answer is not
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync from a OPT-OUT range. AD=0 indicate that some part
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync of the answer was insecure or not validated.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cdflag</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Set [do not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in the query.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync This
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync requests the server to not perform DNSSEC validation of
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync responses.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cl</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Display [do not display] the CLASS when printing the record.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ttlid</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Display [do not display] the TTL when printing the record.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]recurse</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Toggle the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit in the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync query.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync This bit is set by default, which means <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync normally sends recursive queries. Recursion is automatically
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync disabled
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync when the <em class="parameter"><code>+nssearch</code></em> or
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync <em class="parameter"><code>+trace</code></em> query options are
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync used.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]nssearch</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync When this option is set, <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync attempts to find the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync authoritative name servers for the zone containing the name
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync being
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync looked up and display the SOA record that each name server has
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync for the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync zone.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]trace</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Toggle tracing of the delegation path from the root name servers
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync for
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync the name being looked up. Tracing is disabled by default. When
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync tracing is enabled, <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> makes
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync iterative queries to
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync resolve the name being looked up. It will follow referrals from
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync root servers, showing the answer from each server that was used
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync to
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync resolve the lookup.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cmd</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Toggles the printing of the initial comment in the output
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync identifying
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync the version of <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> and the query
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync options that have
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync been applied. This comment is printed by default.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]short</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the answer in a
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync verbose form.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]identify</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Show [or do not show] the IP address and port number that
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync supplied the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync answer when the <em class="parameter"><code>+short</code></em> option
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync is enabled. If
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync short form answers are requested, the default is not to show the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync source address and port number of the server that provided the
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync answer.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]comments</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Toggle the display of comment lines in the output. The default
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync is to print comments.
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync </p></dd>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]rrcomments</code></span></dt>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync<dd><p>
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync Toggle the display of per-record comments in the output (for
13493ab7596e827b8d0caab2c89e635dd65f78f9vboxsync example, human-readable key information about DNSKEY records).
The default is not to print record comments unless multiline
mode is active.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+split=W</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource
records into chunks of <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em> characters
(where <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em> is rounded up to the nearest
multiple of 4).
<em class="parameter"><code>+nosplit</code></em> or
<em class="parameter"><code>+split=0</code></em> causes fields not to be
split at all. The default is 56 characters, or 44 characters
when multiline mode is active.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]stats</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
This query option toggles the printing of statistics: when the
query
was made, the size of the reply and so on. The default
behavior is
to print the query statistics.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]qr</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Print [do not print] the query as it is sent.
By default, the query is not printed.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]question</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Print [do not print] the question section of a query when an
answer is
returned. The default is to print the question section as a
comment.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]answer</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Display [do not display] the answer section of a reply. The
default
is to display it.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]authority</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Display [do not display] the authority section of a reply. The
default is to display it.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]additional</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Display [do not display] the additional section of a reply.
The default is to display it.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]all</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set or clear all display flags.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+time=T</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Sets the timeout for a query to
<em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> seconds. The default
timeout is 5 seconds.
An attempt to set <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> to less
than 1 will result
in a query timeout of 1 second being applied.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+tries=T</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Sets the number of times to try UDP queries to server to
<em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the default, 3.
If
<em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> is less than or equal to
zero, the number of
tries is silently rounded up to 1.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+retry=T</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to server to
<em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the default, 2.
Unlike
<em class="parameter"><code>+tries</code></em>, this does not include
the initial
query.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+ndots=D</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set the number of dots that have to appear in
<em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> to <em class="parameter"><code>D</code></em> for it to be
considered absolute. The default value is that defined using
the
ndots statement in <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, or 1 if no
ndots statement is present. Names with fewer dots are
interpreted as
relative names and will be searched for in the domains listed in
the
<code class="option">search</code> or <code class="option">domain</code> directive in
<code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+bufsize=B</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0 to
<em class="parameter"><code>B</code></em> bytes. The maximum and minimum sizes
of this buffer are 65535 and 0 respectively. Values outside
this range are rounded up or down appropriately.
Values other than zero will cause a EDNS query to be sent.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+edns=#</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Specify the EDNS version to query with. Valid values
are 0 to 255. Setting the EDNS version will cause a
EDNS query to be sent. <code class="option">+noedns</code> clears the
remembered EDNS version.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]multiline</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Print records like the SOA records in a verbose multi-line
format with human-readable comments. The default is to print
each record on a single line, to facilitate machine parsing
of the <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> output.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]onesoa</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Print only one (starting) SOA record when performing
an AXFR. The default is to print both the starting and
ending SOA records.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]fail</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Do not try the next server if you receive a SERVFAIL. The
default is
to not try the next server which is the reverse of normal stub
resolver
behavior.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]besteffort</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Attempt to display the contents of messages which are malformed.
The default is to not display malformed answers.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]dnssec</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Requests DNSSEC records be sent by setting the DNSSEC OK bit
(DO)
in the OPT record in the additional section of the query.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]sigchase</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Chase DNSSEC signature chains. Requires dig be compiled with
-DDIG_SIGCHASE.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+trusted-key=####</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Specifies a file containing trusted keys to be used with
<code class="option">+sigchase</code>. Each DNSKEY record must be
on its own line.
</p>
<p>
If not specified, <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will look for
<code class="filename">/etc/trusted-key.key</code> then
<code class="filename">trusted-key.key</code> in the current directory.
</p>
<p>
Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]topdown</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
When chasing DNSSEC signature chains perform a top-down
validation.
Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]nsid</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Include an EDNS name server ID request when sending a query.
</p></dd>
</dl></div>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<a name="id2663536"></a><h2>MULTIPLE QUERIES</h2>
<p>
The BIND 9 implementation of <span><strong class="command">dig </strong></span>
supports
specifying multiple queries on the command line (in addition to
supporting the <code class="option">-f</code> batch file option). Each of those
queries can be supplied with its own set of flags, options and query
options.
</p>
<p>
In this case, each <em class="parameter"><code>query</code></em> argument
represent an
individual query in the command-line syntax described above. Each
consists of any of the standard options and flags, the name to be
looked up, an optional query type and class and any query options that
should be applied to that query.
</p>
<p>
A global set of query options, which should be applied to all queries,
can also be supplied. These global query options must precede the
first tuple of name, class, type, options, flags, and query options
supplied on the command line. Any global query options (except
the <code class="option">+[no]cmd</code> option) can be
overridden by a query-specific set of query options. For example:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
dig +qr www.isc.org any -x 127.0.0.1 isc.org ns +noqr
</pre>
<p>
shows how <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> could be used from the
command line
to make three lookups: an ANY query for <code class="literal">www.isc.org</code>, a
reverse lookup of 127.0.0.1 and a query for the NS records of
<code class="literal">isc.org</code>.
A global query option of <em class="parameter"><code>+qr</code></em> is
applied, so
that <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> shows the initial query it made
for each
lookup. The final query has a local query option of
<em class="parameter"><code>+noqr</code></em> which means that <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
will not print the initial query when it looks up the NS records for
<code class="literal">isc.org</code>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<a name="id2663621"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2>
<p>
If <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> has been built with IDN (internationalized
domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
<span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> appropriately converts character encoding of
domain name before sending a request to DNS server or displaying a
reply from the server.
If you'd like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, defines
the <code class="envar">IDN_DISABLE</code> environment variable.
The IDN support is disabled if the variable is set when
<span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> runs.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<a name="id2663650"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
</p>
<p><code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</code>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<a name="id2663671"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">host</span>(1)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC1035</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<a name="id2663777"></a><h2>BUGS</h2>
<p>
There are probably too many query options.
</p>
</div>
</div>
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