2130N/A - Copyright (C) 2004-2014 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC") 2130N/A - Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium. 2130N/A - Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any 2130N/A - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 2130N/A - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 2130N/A - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH 2130N/A - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY 2130N/A - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, 2130N/A - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM 2130N/A - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE 2130N/A - OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR 2130N/A - PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 2130N/A<
meta http-
equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
2130N/A<
meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.71.1">
2130N/A<
link rel="start" href="Bv9ARM.html" title="BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual">
2130N/A<
body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
2130N/A<
table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
2130N/A<
tr><
th colspan="3" align="center">dig</
th></
tr>
2130N/A<
td width="20%" align="left">
2130N/A<
th width="60%" align="center">Manual pages</
th>
2130N/A<
div class="refentry" lang="en">
2130N/A<
p>dig — DNS lookup utility</
p>
2130N/A<
div class="refsynopsisdiv">
2130N/A<
div class="cmdsynopsis"><
p><
code class="command">dig</
code> [@server] [<
code class="option">-b <
em class="replaceable"><
code>address</
code></
em></
code>] [<
code class="option">-c <
em class="replaceable"><
code>class</
code></
em></
code>] [<
code class="option">-f <
em class="replaceable"><
code>filename</
code></
em></
code>] [<
code class="option">-k <
em class="replaceable"><
code>filename</
code></
em></
code>] [<
code class="option">-m</
code>] [<
code class="option">-p <
em class="replaceable"><
code>port#</
code></
em></
code>] [<
code class="option">-q <
em class="replaceable"><
code>name</
code></
em></
code>] [<
code class="option">-t <
em class="replaceable"><
code>type</
code></
em></
code>] [<
code class="option">-v</
code>] [<
code class="option">-x <
em class="replaceable"><
code>addr</
code></
em></
code>] [<
code class="option">-y <
em class="replaceable"><
code>[<
span class="optional">hmac:</
span>]name:key</
code></
em></
code>] [<
code class="option">-4</
code>] [<
code class="option">-6</
code>] [name] [type] [class] [queryopt...]</
p></
div>
6326N/A<
div class="cmdsynopsis"><
p><
code class="command">dig</
code> [<
code class="option">-h</
code>]</
p></
div>
2130N/A<
div class="cmdsynopsis"><
p><
code class="command">dig</
code> [global-queryopt...] [query...]</
p></
div>
2130N/A<
div class="refsect1" lang="en">
2130N/A<
a name="id2613328"></
a><
h2>DESCRIPTION</
h2>
2130N/A<
p><
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span>
2130N/A (domain information groper) is a flexible tool
2130N/A for interrogating DNS name servers. It performs DNS lookups and
2130N/A displays the answers that are returned from the name server(s) that
2130N/A were queried. Most DNS administrators use <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> to
2130N/A troubleshoot DNS problems because of its flexibility, ease of use and
2130N/A clarity of output. Other lookup tools tend to have less functionality
2130N/A than <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span>.
2130N/A Although <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> is normally used with
2130N/A arguments, it also has a batch mode of operation for reading lookup
2130N/A requests from a file. A brief summary of its command-line arguments
2130N/A and options is printed when the <
code class="option">-h</
code> option is given.
2130N/A Unlike earlier versions, the BIND 9 implementation of
2130N/A <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> allows multiple lookups to be issued
2130N/A Unless it is told to query a specific name server,
2130N/A <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> will try each of the servers listed in
2130N/A are found, <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> will send the query to the local
2130N/A When no command line arguments or options are given,
2130N/A <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> will perform an NS query for "." (the root).
2130N/A It is possible to set per-user defaults for <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> via
6326N/A <
code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</
code>. This file is read and
2130N/A are applied before the command line arguments.
2130N/A The IN and CH class names overlap with the IN and CH top level
2130N/A domain names. Either use the <
code class="option">-t</
code> and
6326N/A <
code class="option">-c</
code> options to specify the type and class,
2142N/A use the <
code class="option">-q</
code> the specify the domain name, or
2142N/A use "IN." and "CH." when looking up these top level domains.
2130N/A<
div class="refsect1" lang="en">
2130N/A<
a name="id2613430"></
a><
h2>SIMPLE USAGE</
h2>
2130N/A A typical invocation of <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> looks like:
2130N/A<
pre class="programlisting"> dig @server name type </
pre>
2130N/A<
div class="variablelist"><
dl>
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="constant">server</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A is the name or IP address of the name server to query. This
2130N/A can be an IPv4 address in dotted-decimal notation or an IPv6
2142N/A address in colon-delimited notation. When the supplied
6326N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>server</
code></
em> argument is a hostname,
2130N/A <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> resolves that name before querying
2130N/A If no <
em class="parameter"><
code>server</
code></
em> argument is
2142N/A provided, <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> consults
2130N/A address is found there, it queries the name server at
2130N/A that address. If either of the <
code class="option">-4</
code> or
2130N/A <
code class="option">-6</
code> options are in use, then
2130N/A only addresses for the corresponding transport
2130N/A will be tried. If no usable addresses are found,
2130N/A <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> will send the query to the
2130N/A local host. The reply from the name server that
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="constant">name</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A is the name of the resource record that is to be looked up.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="constant">type</
code></
span></
dt>
6326N/A indicates what type of query is required —
6326N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>type</
code></
em> can be any valid query
2130N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>type</
code></
em> argument is supplied,
2130N/A <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> will perform a lookup for an
2130N/A<
div class="refsect1" lang="en">
2130N/A<
a name="id2613624"></
a><
h2>OPTIONS</
h2>
2130N/A The <
code class="option">-b</
code> option sets the source IP address of the query
2142N/A to <
em class="parameter"><
code>address</
code></
em>. This must be a valid
2130N/A one of the host's network interfaces or "0.0.0.0" or "::". An optional
2130N/A may be specified by appending "#<port>"
2130N/A The default query class (IN for internet) is overridden by the
2130N/A <
code class="option">-c</
code> option. <
em class="parameter"><
code>class</
code></
em> is
2130N/A class, such as HS for Hesiod records or CH for Chaosnet records.
2130N/A The <
code class="option">-f</
code> option makes <
span><
strong class="command">dig </
strong></
span>
2130N/A in batch mode by reading a list of lookup requests to process from the
2130N/A file <
em class="parameter"><
code>filename</
code></
em>. The file contains a
6326N/A queries, one per line. Each entry in the file should be organized in
2142N/A the same way they would be presented as queries to
6326N/A <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> using the command-line interface.
2130N/A The <
code class="option">-m</
code> option enables memory usage debugging.
2142N/A If a non-standard port number is to be queried, the
6326N/A <
code class="option">-p</
code> option is used. <
em class="parameter"><
code>port#</
code></
em> is
2130N/A the port number that <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> will send its
2130N/A instead of the standard DNS port number 53. This option would be used
6326N/A to test a name server that has been configured to listen for queries
2130N/A on a non-standard port number.
2130N/A The <
code class="option">-4</
code> option forces <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span>
2130N/A use IPv4 query transport. The <
code class="option">-6</
code> option forces
2130N/A <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> to only use IPv6 query transport.
2130N/A The <
code class="option">-t</
code> option sets the query type to
2130N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>type</
code></
em>. It can be any valid query type
2130N/A supported in BIND 9. The default query type is "A", unless the
2130N/A <
code class="option">-x</
code> option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup.
2130N/A A zone transfer can be requested by specifying a type of AXFR. When
2130N/A an incremental zone transfer (IXFR) is required,
2130N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>type</
code></
em> is set to <
code class="literal">ixfr=N</
code>.
2130N/A The incremental zone transfer will contain the changes made to the zone
2130N/A since the serial number in the zone's SOA record was
6326N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>N</
code></
em>.
2130N/A The <
code class="option">-q</
code> option sets the query name to
2130N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>name</
code></
em>. This is useful to distinguish the
2130N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>name</
code></
em> from other arguments.
2130N/A The <
code class="option">-v</
code> causes <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> to
2142N/A print the version number and exit.
2130N/A Reverse lookups — mapping addresses to names — are simplified by the
2130N/A <
code class="option">-x</
code> option. <
em class="parameter"><
code>addr</
code></
em> is
2130N/A address in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address.
2142N/A When this option is used, there is no need to provide the
6326N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>name</
code></
em>, <
em class="parameter"><
code>class</
code></
em> and
2130N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>type</
code></
em> arguments. <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span>
2130N/A automatically performs a lookup for a name like
2130N/A class to PTR and IN respectively. By default, IPv6 addresses are
2130N/A specify the <
code class="option">-i</
code> option. Bit string labels (RFC2874)
2130N/A are now experimental and are not attempted.
2130N/A To sign the DNS queries sent by <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> and
2130N/A responses using transaction signatures (TSIG), specify a TSIG key file
2130N/A using the <
code class="option">-k</
code> option. You can also specify the TSIG
6326N/A key itself on the command line using the <
code class="option">-y</
code> option;
2142N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>hmac</
code></
em> is the type of the TSIG, default HMAC-MD5,
6326N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>name</
code></
em> is the name of the TSIG key and
2130N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>key</
code></
em> is the actual key. The key is a
2130N/A encoded string, typically generated by
2130N/A <
span class="citerefentry"><
span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</
span>(8)</
span>.
2130N/A Caution should be taken when using the <
code class="option">-y</
code> option on
2142N/A multi-user systems as the key can be visible in the output from
6326N/A <
span class="citerefentry"><
span class="refentrytitle">ps</
span>(1)</
span>
2130N/A or in the shell's history file. When
2130N/A using TSIG authentication with <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span>, the name
2130N/A server that is queried needs to know the key and algorithm that is
2130N/A being used. In BIND, this is done by providing appropriate
2130N/A <
span><
strong class="command">key</
strong></
span> and <
span><
strong class="command">server</
strong></
span> statements in
2130N/A<
div class="refsect1" lang="en">
2130N/A<
a name="id2666272"></
a><
h2>QUERY OPTIONS</
h2>
2130N/A<
p><
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span>
2130N/A provides a number of query options which affect
2130N/A the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of
2130N/A these set or reset flag bits in the query header, some determine which
2130N/A sections of the answer get printed, and others determine the timeout
2130N/A Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus sign
2130N/A (<
code class="literal">+</
code>). Some keywords set or reset an
2130N/A option. These may be preceded
2130N/A by the string <
code class="literal">no</
code> to negate the meaning of
2142N/A keywords assign values to options like the timeout interval. They
6326N/A have the form <
code class="option">+keyword=value</
code>.
2130N/A<
div class="variablelist"><
dl>
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]aaflag</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A A synonym for <
em class="parameter"><
code>+[no]aaonly</
code></
em>.
2142N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]aaonly</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Sets the "aa" flag in the query.
2219N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]additional</
code></
span></
dt>
6326N/A Display [do not display] the additional section of a
2219N/A reply. The default is to display it.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]adflag</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Set [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the
2130N/A query. This requests the server to return whether
2130N/A all of the answer and authority sections have all
2130N/A been validated as secure according to the security
2130N/A policy of the server. AD=1 indicates that all records
2130N/A have been validated as secure and the answer is not
2130N/A from a OPT-OUT range. AD=0 indicate that some part
2130N/A of the answer was insecure or not validated. This
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]all</
code></
span></
dt>
2142N/A Set or clear all display flags.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]answer</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Display [do not display] the answer section of a
2130N/A reply. The default is to display it.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]authority</
code></
span></
dt>
6326N/A Display [do not display] the authority section of a
2130N/A reply. The default is to display it.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]besteffort</
code></
span></
dt>
6326N/A Attempt to display the contents of messages which are
2130N/A malformed. The default is to not display malformed
2219N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+bufsize=B</
code></
span></
dt>
2219N/A Set the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0
6326N/A to <
em class="parameter"><
code>B</
code></
em> bytes. The maximum and
2219N/A minimum sizes of this buffer are 65535 and 0 respectively.
2219N/A Values outside this range are rounded up or down
6326N/A appropriately. Values other than zero will cause a
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]cdflag</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Set [do not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in
2130N/A the query. This requests the server to not perform
2130N/A DNSSEC validation of responses.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]cl</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Display [do not display] the CLASS when printing the
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]cmd</
code></
span></
dt>
6326N/A Toggles the printing of the initial comment in the
2142N/A output identifying the version of <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span>
6326N/A and the query options that have been applied. This
2130N/A comment is printed by default.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]comments</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Toggle the display of comment lines in the output.
2130N/A The default is to print comments.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]crypto</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Toggle the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC
2142N/A records. The contents of these field are unnecessary
6326N/A to debug most DNSSEC validation failures and removing
2130N/A them makes it easier to see the common failures. The
6326N/A default is to display the fields. When omitted they
2219N/A are replaced by the string "[omitted]" or in the
2219N/A DNSKEY case the key id is displayed as the replacement,
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]defname</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Deprecated, treated as a synonym for
2130N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>+[no]search</
code></
em>
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+domain=somename</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Set the search list to contain the single domain
2130N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>somename</
code></
em>, as if specified in
2130N/A a <
span><
strong class="command">domain</
strong></
span> directive in
2130N/A search list processing as if the
2130N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>+search</
code></
em> option were given.
6326N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]dnssec</
code></
span></
dt>
6326N/A Requests DNSSEC records be sent by setting the DNSSEC
2130N/A OK bit (DO) in the OPT record in the additional section
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]edns[=#]</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Specify the EDNS version to query with. Valid values
2130N/A are 0 to 255. Setting the EDNS version will cause
2130N/A a EDNS query to be sent. <
code class="option">+noedns</
code>
2130N/A clears the remembered EDNS version. EDNS is set to
6326N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]ednsopt[=code[:value]]</
code></
span></
dt>
6326N/A Specify EDNS option with code point <
code class="option">code</
code>
2219N/A and optionally payload of <
code class="option">value</
code> as a
2219N/A hexadecimal string. <
code class="option">+noednsopt</
code>
6326N/A clears the EDNS options to to be sent.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]expire</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Send an EDNS Expire option.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]fail</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Do not try the next server if you receive a SERVFAIL.
2130N/A The default is to not try the next server which is
2130N/A the reverse of normal stub resolver behavior.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]identify</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Show [or do not show] the IP address and port number
2130N/A that supplied the answer when the
6326N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>+short</
code></
em> option is enabled. If
2142N/A short form answers are requested, the default is not
6326N/A to show the source address and port number of the
2130N/A server that provided the answer.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]ignore</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Ignore truncation in UDP responses instead of retrying
2130N/A with TCP. By default, TCP retries are performed.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]keepopen</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Keep the TCP socket open between queries and reuse
6326N/A it rather than creating a new TCP socket for each
2130N/A lookup. The default is <
code class="option">+nokeepopen</
code>.
6326N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]multiline</
code></
span></
dt>
2219N/A Print records like the SOA records in a verbose
2219N/A multi-line format with human-readable comments. The
2219N/A default is to print each record on a single line, to
6326N/A facilitate machine parsing of the <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span>
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+ndots=D</
code></
span></
dt>
6326N/A Set the number of dots that have to appear in
2130N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>name</
code></
em> to <
em class="parameter"><
code>D</
code></
em>
2130N/A for it to be considered absolute. The default value
2130N/A is that defined using the ndots statement in
2130N/A ndots statement is present. Names with fewer dots
2130N/A are interpreted as relative names and will be searched
2130N/A for in the domains listed in the <
code class="option">search</
code>
2130N/A or <
code class="option">domain</
code> directive in
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]nsid</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Include an EDNS name server ID request when sending
6326N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]nssearch</
code></
span></
dt>
6326N/A When this option is set, <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span>
2130N/A attempts to find the authoritative name servers for
2130N/A the zone containing the name being looked up and
2130N/A display the SOA record that each name server has for
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]onesoa</
code></
span></
dt>
5902N/A Print only one (starting) SOA record when performing
5902N/A an AXFR. The default is to print both the starting
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]qr</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Print [do not print] the query as it is sent. By
2130N/A default, the query is not printed.
6326N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]question</
code></
span></
dt>
6326N/A Print [do not print] the question section of a query
2219N/A when an answer is returned. The default is to print
2219N/A the question section as a comment.
2219N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]recurse</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Toggle the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit
2142N/A in the query. This bit is set by default, which means
6326N/A <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> normally sends recursive
2130N/A queries. Recursion is automatically disabled when
2130N/A the <
em class="parameter"><
code>+nssearch</
code></
em> or
2130N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>+trace</
code></
em> query options are used.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+retry=T</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to
2130N/A server to <
em class="parameter"><
code>T</
code></
em> instead of the
2130N/A default, 2. Unlike <
em class="parameter"><
code>+tries</
code></
em>,
2130N/A this does not include the initial query.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]rrcomments</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Toggle the display of per-record comments in the
2130N/A output (for example, human-readable key information
6326N/A about DNSKEY records). The default is not to print
2142N/A record comments unless multiline mode is active.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]search</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Use [do not use] the search list defined by the
2130N/A searchlist or domain directive in
2130N/A list is not used by default.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]short</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]showsearch</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Perform [do not perform] a search showing intermediate
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]sigchase</
code></
span></
dt>
2130N/A Chase DNSSEC signature chains. Requires dig be
2130N/A compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
2130N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]sit[<
span class="optional">=####</
span>]</
code></
span></
dt>
2219N/A Send a Source Identity Token EDNS option, with optional
2219N/A value. Replaying a SIT from a previous response will
6326N/A allow the server to identify a previous client. The
2130N/A default is <
code class="option">+nosit</
code>. Currently using
2130N/A experimental value 65001 for the option code.
2342N/A<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+split=W</
code></
span></
dt>
2342N/A Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource
2342N/A records into chunks of <
em class="parameter"><
code>W</
code></
em>
2342N/A characters (where <
em class="parameter"><
code>W</
code></
em> is rounded
2342N/A up to the nearest multiple of 4).
2342N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>+nosplit</
code></
em> or
2342N/A <
em class="parameter"><
code>+split=0</
code></
em> causes fields not to
2342N/A be split at all. The default is 56 characters, or
2130N/A 44 characters when multiline mode is active.
<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]stats</
code></
span></
dt>
This query option toggles the printing of statistics:
when the query was made, the size of the reply and
so on. The default behavior is to print the query
<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]subnet=
addr/
prefix</
code></
span></
dt>
Send an EDNS Client Subnet option with the speciifed
IP address or network prefix.
<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]tcp</
code></
span></
dt>
Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The
default behavior is to use UDP unless an
<
code class="literal">ixfr=N</
code> query is requested, in which
case the default is TCP. AXFR queries always use
<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+time=T</
code></
span></
dt>
Sets the timeout for a query to
<
em class="parameter"><
code>T</
code></
em> seconds. The default
An attempt to set <
em class="parameter"><
code>T</
code></
em> to less
in a query timeout of 1 second being applied.
<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]topdown</
code></
span></
dt>
When chasing DNSSEC signature chains perform a top-down
validation. Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]trace</
code></
span></
dt>
Toggle tracing of the delegation path from the root
name servers for the name being looked up. Tracing
is disabled by default. When tracing is enabled,
<
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> makes iterative queries to
resolve the name being looked up. It will follow
referrals from the root servers, showing the answer
from each server that was used to resolve the lookup.
<
span><
strong class="command">+dnssec</
strong></
span> is also set when +trace
is set to better emulate the default queries from a
<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+tries=T</
code></
span></
dt>
Sets the number of times to try UDP queries to server
to <
em class="parameter"><
code>T</
code></
em> instead of the default,
3. If <
em class="parameter"><
code>T</
code></
em> is less than or equal
to zero, the number of tries is silently rounded up
<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+trusted-key=####</
code></
span></
dt>
Specifies a file containing trusted keys to be used
with <
code class="option">+sigchase</
code>. Each DNSKEY record
If not specified, <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> will look
Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]ttlid</
code></
span></
dt>
Display [do not display] the TTL when printing the
<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]ttlunits</
code></
span></
dt>
Display [do not display] the TTL in friendly human-readable
time units of "s", "m", "h", "d", and "w", representing
seconds, minutes, hours, days and weeks. Implies +ttlid.
<
dt><
span class="term"><
code class="option">+[no]vc</
code></
span></
dt>
Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. This
alternate syntax to <
em class="parameter"><
code>+[no]tcp</
code></
em>
is provided for backwards compatibility. The "vc"
stands for "virtual circuit".
<
div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<
a name="id2667540"></
a><
h2>MULTIPLE QUERIES</
h2>
The BIND 9 implementation of <
span><
strong class="command">dig </
strong></
span>
specifying multiple queries on the command line (in addition to
supporting the <
code class="option">-f</
code> batch file option). Each of those
queries can be supplied with its own set of flags, options and query
In this case, each <
em class="parameter"><
code>query</
code></
em> argument
individual query in the command-line syntax described above. Each
consists of any of the standard options and flags, the name to be
looked up, an optional query type and class and any query options that
should be applied to that query.
A global set of query options, which should be applied to all queries,
can also be supplied. These global query options must precede the
first tuple of name, class, type, options, flags, and query options
supplied on the command line. Any global query options (except
the <
code class="option">+[no]cmd</
code> option) can be
overridden by a query-specific set of query options. For example:
<
pre class="programlisting">
shows how <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> could be used from the
to make three lookups: an ANY query for <
code class="literal">
www.isc.org</
code>, a
reverse lookup of 127.0.0.1 and a query for the NS records of
<
code class="literal">
isc.org</
code>.
A global query option of <
em class="parameter"><
code>+qr</
code></
em> is
that <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> shows the initial query it made
lookup. The final query has a local query option of
<
em class="parameter"><
code>+noqr</
code></
em> which means that <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span>
will not print the initial query when it looks up the NS records for
<
code class="literal">
isc.org</
code>.
<
div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<
a name="id2667625"></
a><
h2>IDN SUPPORT</
h2>
If <
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> has been built with IDN (internationalized
domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
<
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> appropriately converts character encoding of
domain name before sending a request to DNS server or displaying a
If you'd like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, defines
the <
code class="envar">IDN_DISABLE</
code> environment variable.
The IDN support is disabled if the variable is set when
<
span><
strong class="command">dig</
strong></
span> runs.
<
div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<
a name="id2667654"></
a><
h2>FILES</
h2>
<
p><
code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</
code>
<
div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<
a name="id2667744"></
a><
h2>SEE ALSO</
h2>
<
p><
span class="citerefentry"><
span class="refentrytitle">host</
span>(1)</
span>,
<
span class="citerefentry"><
span class="refentrytitle">named</
span>(8)</
span>,
<
span class="citerefentry"><
span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</
span>(8)</
span>,
<
em class="citetitle">RFC1035</
em>.
<
div class="refsect1" lang="en">
<
a name="id2667781"></
a><
h2>BUGS</
h2>
There are probably too many query options.
<
table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
<
td width="40%" align="left">
<
td width="20%" align="center"><
a accesskey="u" href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html">Up</
a></
td>
<
td width="40%" align="right">�<
a accesskey="n" href="man.host.html">Next</
a>
<
td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Manual pages�</
td>
<
td width="20%" align="center"><
a accesskey="h" href="Bv9ARM.html">Home</
a></
td>
<
td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�host</
td>