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7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User<div class="refentry">
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User<a name="man.dig"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User<div class="refnamediv">
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<h2>Name</h2>
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User<p>dig &#8212; DNS lookup utility</p>
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User</div>
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User<div class="refsynopsisdiv">
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User<h2>Synopsis</h2>
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [@server] [<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m</code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port#</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-q <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>addr</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-y <em class="replaceable"><code>[<span class="optional">hmac:</span>]name:key</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>] [name] [type] [class] [queryopt...]</p></div>
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [<code class="option">-h</code>]</p></div>
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [global-queryopt...] [query...]</p></div>
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User</div>
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User<div class="refsection">
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User<a name="id-1.14.2.7"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User<p><span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User (domain information groper) is a flexible tool
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User for interrogating DNS name servers. It performs DNS lookups and
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User displays the answers that are returned from the name server(s) that
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User were queried. Most DNS administrators use <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> to
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User troubleshoot DNS problems because of its flexibility, ease of use and
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User clarity of output. Other lookup tools tend to have less functionality
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User than <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>.
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User </p>
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User<p>
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User Although <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> is normally used with
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User command-line
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User arguments, it also has a batch mode of operation for reading lookup
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User requests from a file. A brief summary of its command-line arguments
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User and options is printed when the <code class="option">-h</code> option is given.
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User Unlike earlier versions, the BIND 9 implementation of
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> allows multiple lookups to be issued
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User from the
33c9436ef1a43d3c0fc3d9be9b4b0509daa83223Tinderbox User command line.
a1ff871f78b7d907d6fc3a382beea2a640fe8423Tinderbox User </p>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User<p>
0da02c26a6631c25f075a8e4ac6de9e58f49a0c2Tinderbox User Unless it is told to query a specific name server,
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> will try each of the servers listed in
0da02c26a6631c25f075a8e4ac6de9e58f49a0c2Tinderbox User <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>. If no usable server addresses
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User are found, <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> will send the query to the local
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User host.
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User </p>
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User<p>
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User When no command line arguments or options are given,
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> will perform an NS query for "." (the root).
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User </p>
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User<p>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User It is possible to set per-user defaults for <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> via
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User <code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</code>. This file is read and
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User any options in it
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User are applied before the command line arguments.
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User </p>
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User<p>
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User The IN and CH class names overlap with the IN and CH top level
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User domain names. Either use the <code class="option">-t</code> and
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User <code class="option">-c</code> options to specify the type and class,
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User use the <code class="option">-q</code> the specify the domain name, or
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User use "IN." and "CH." when looking up these top level domains.
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User </p>
8a48b6b9b6fa8486f24b22d1972b2b6ebb36a4a4Tinderbox User</div>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User<div class="refsection">
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User<a name="id-1.14.2.8"></a><h2>SIMPLE USAGE</h2>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User<p>
a1ff871f78b7d907d6fc3a382beea2a640fe8423Tinderbox User A typical invocation of <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> looks like:
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User </p>
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User<pre class="programlisting"> dig @server name type </pre>
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User<p>
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User where:
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User </p>
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">server</code></span></dt>
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User<dd>
363b21045b718d06d414784c96193dc9a233e8c5Tinderbox User<p>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt is the name or IP address of the name server to query. This
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User can be an IPv4 address in dotted-decimal notation or an IPv6
550d3276d0490c4918f089ccb1528a3eb0951b0aTinderbox User address in colon-delimited notation. When the supplied
550d3276d0490c4918f089ccb1528a3eb0951b0aTinderbox User <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> argument is a hostname,
550d3276d0490c4918f089ccb1528a3eb0951b0aTinderbox User <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> resolves that name before querying
550d3276d0490c4918f089ccb1528a3eb0951b0aTinderbox User that name server.
550d3276d0490c4918f089ccb1528a3eb0951b0aTinderbox User </p>
550d3276d0490c4918f089ccb1528a3eb0951b0aTinderbox User<p>
550d3276d0490c4918f089ccb1528a3eb0951b0aTinderbox User If no <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> argument is
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User provided, <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> consults
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>; if an
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User address is found there, it queries the name server at
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User that address. If either of the <code class="option">-4</code> or
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User <code class="option">-6</code> options are in use, then
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User only addresses for the corresponding transport
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User will be tried. If no usable addresses are found,
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> will send the query to the
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User local host. The reply from the name server that
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User responds is displayed.
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User </p>
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User</dd>
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">name</code></span></dt>
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User<dd><p>
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User is the name of the resource record that is to be looked up.
51da15c88648a9e47d0cddff4b2b782665e99401Tinderbox User </p></dd>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">type</code></span></dt>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User<dd><p>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User indicates what type of query is required &#8212;
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt ANY, A, MX, SIG, etc.
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> can be any valid query
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User type. If no
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> argument is supplied,
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> will perform a lookup for an
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User A record.
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User </p></dd>
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User</dl></div>
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User<p>
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User </p>
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User</div>
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User<div class="refsection">
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User<a name="id-1.14.2.9"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-4</span></dt>
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User<dd><p>
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User Use IPv4 only.
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User </p></dd>
d253648fe3331622cebea02d60aaecca3082d78dTinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-6</span></dt>
bfb7b680bf88c1fdd9949197b71c512c532280a4Tinderbox User<dd><p>
dfae459e8c4f794f8a239e74aa9d5e11cce6ea5bTinderbox User Use IPv6 only.
dfae459e8c4f794f8a239e74aa9d5e11cce6ea5bTinderbox User </p></dd>
bfb7b680bf88c1fdd9949197b71c512c532280a4Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>address[<span class="optional">#port</span>]</code></em></span></dt>
bfb7b680bf88c1fdd9949197b71c512c532280a4Tinderbox User<dd><p>
bfb7b680bf88c1fdd9949197b71c512c532280a4Tinderbox User Set the source IP address of the query.
bfb7b680bf88c1fdd9949197b71c512c532280a4Tinderbox User The <em class="parameter"><code>address</code></em> must be a valid address on
bfb7b680bf88c1fdd9949197b71c512c532280a4Tinderbox User one of the host's network interfaces, or "0.0.0.0" or "::". An
bfb7b680bf88c1fdd9949197b71c512c532280a4Tinderbox User optional port may be specified by appending "#&lt;port&gt;"
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User </p></dd>
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span></dt>
bfb7b680bf88c1fdd9949197b71c512c532280a4Tinderbox User<dd><p>
bfb7b680bf88c1fdd9949197b71c512c532280a4Tinderbox User Set the query class. The
dfae459e8c4f794f8a239e74aa9d5e11cce6ea5bTinderbox User default <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em> is IN; other classes
dfae459e8c4f794f8a239e74aa9d5e11cce6ea5bTinderbox User are HS for Hesiod records or CH for Chaosnet records.
dfae459e8c4f794f8a239e74aa9d5e11cce6ea5bTinderbox User </p></dd>
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>file</code></em></span></dt>
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User<dd><p>
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User Batch mode: <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> reads a list of lookup
3ca1a32241189d1e02e59f6b56399eb9b40f2aafTinderbox User requests to process from the
dfae459e8c4f794f8a239e74aa9d5e11cce6ea5bTinderbox User given <em class="parameter"><code>file</code></em>. Each line in the file
dfae459e8c4f794f8a239e74aa9d5e11cce6ea5bTinderbox User should be organized in the same way they would be
dfae459e8c4f794f8a239e74aa9d5e11cce6ea5bTinderbox User presented as queries to
bfb7b680bf88c1fdd9949197b71c512c532280a4Tinderbox User <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> using the command-line interface.
bfb7b680bf88c1fdd9949197b71c512c532280a4Tinderbox User </p></dd>
bfb7b680bf88c1fdd9949197b71c512c532280a4Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-i</span></dt>
bfb7b680bf88c1fdd9949197b71c512c532280a4Tinderbox User<dd><p>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt Do reverse IPv6 lookups using the obsolete RFC1886 IP6.INT
abe69df9a7de5cda07a2b8e19e8b7c981bcd7a9dTinderbox User domain, which is no longer in use. Obsolete bit string
f14ce68ee54a5a4587fbde4ffacb117946df2d73Tinderbox User label queries (RFC2874) are not attempted.
f14ce68ee54a5a4587fbde4ffacb117946df2d73Tinderbox User </p></dd>
f14ce68ee54a5a4587fbde4ffacb117946df2d73Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>keyfile</code></em></span></dt>
f14ce68ee54a5a4587fbde4ffacb117946df2d73Tinderbox User<dd><p>
f14ce68ee54a5a4587fbde4ffacb117946df2d73Tinderbox User Sign queries using TSIG using a key read from the given file.
f14ce68ee54a5a4587fbde4ffacb117946df2d73Tinderbox User Key files can be generated using
f14ce68ee54a5a4587fbde4ffacb117946df2d73Tinderbox User <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">tsig-keygen</span>(8)</span>.
f14ce68ee54a5a4587fbde4ffacb117946df2d73Tinderbox User When using TSIG authentication with <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>,
f14ce68ee54a5a4587fbde4ffacb117946df2d73Tinderbox User the name server that is queried needs to know the key and
f14ce68ee54a5a4587fbde4ffacb117946df2d73Tinderbox User algorithm that is being used. In BIND, this is done by
f14ce68ee54a5a4587fbde4ffacb117946df2d73Tinderbox User providing appropriate <span class="command"><strong>key</strong></span>
0d6a6642b2be93cffa651c54a9b8810dd2d31392Tinderbox User and <span class="command"><strong>server</strong></span> statements in
0d6a6642b2be93cffa651c54a9b8810dd2d31392Tinderbox User <code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
0d6a6642b2be93cffa651c54a9b8810dd2d31392Tinderbox User </p></dd>
0d6a6642b2be93cffa651c54a9b8810dd2d31392Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-m</span></dt>
0d6a6642b2be93cffa651c54a9b8810dd2d31392Tinderbox User<dd><p>
0d6a6642b2be93cffa651c54a9b8810dd2d31392Tinderbox User Enable memory usage debugging.
0d6a6642b2be93cffa651c54a9b8810dd2d31392Tinderbox User
0d6a6642b2be93cffa651c54a9b8810dd2d31392Tinderbox User </p></dd>
0d6a6642b2be93cffa651c54a9b8810dd2d31392Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></span></dt>
abe69df9a7de5cda07a2b8e19e8b7c981bcd7a9dTinderbox User<dd><p>
abe69df9a7de5cda07a2b8e19e8b7c981bcd7a9dTinderbox User Send the query to a non-standard port on the server,
abe69df9a7de5cda07a2b8e19e8b7c981bcd7a9dTinderbox User instead of the default port 53. This option would be used
abe69df9a7de5cda07a2b8e19e8b7c981bcd7a9dTinderbox User to test a name server that has been configured to listen
abe69df9a7de5cda07a2b8e19e8b7c981bcd7a9dTinderbox User for queries on a non-standard port number.
abe69df9a7de5cda07a2b8e19e8b7c981bcd7a9dTinderbox User </p></dd>
abe69df9a7de5cda07a2b8e19e8b7c981bcd7a9dTinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-q <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></span></dt>
abe69df9a7de5cda07a2b8e19e8b7c981bcd7a9dTinderbox User<dd><p>
abe69df9a7de5cda07a2b8e19e8b7c981bcd7a9dTinderbox User The domain name to query. This is useful to distinguish
abe69df9a7de5cda07a2b8e19e8b7c981bcd7a9dTinderbox User the <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> from other arguments.
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User </p></dd>
164ade1482251e1da962b42e5bf0d3aa02a11e03Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></span></dt>
164ade1482251e1da962b42e5bf0d3aa02a11e03Tinderbox User<dd><p>
164ade1482251e1da962b42e5bf0d3aa02a11e03Tinderbox User The resource record type to query. It can be any valid query type
164ade1482251e1da962b42e5bf0d3aa02a11e03Tinderbox User which is
164ade1482251e1da962b42e5bf0d3aa02a11e03Tinderbox User supported in BIND 9. The default query type is "A", unless the
164ade1482251e1da962b42e5bf0d3aa02a11e03Tinderbox User <code class="option">-x</code> option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup.
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User A zone transfer can be requested by specifying a type of AXFR. When
abe69df9a7de5cda07a2b8e19e8b7c981bcd7a9dTinderbox User an incremental zone transfer (IXFR) is required, set the
c48fdfda7a8ae8973aadfeb88cbeaab013024a6cTinderbox User <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> to <code class="literal">ixfr=N</code>.
c48fdfda7a8ae8973aadfeb88cbeaab013024a6cTinderbox User The incremental zone transfer will contain the changes
c48fdfda7a8ae8973aadfeb88cbeaab013024a6cTinderbox User made to the zone since the serial number in the zone's SOA
c48fdfda7a8ae8973aadfeb88cbeaab013024a6cTinderbox User record was
c48fdfda7a8ae8973aadfeb88cbeaab013024a6cTinderbox User <em class="parameter"><code>N</code></em>.
c48fdfda7a8ae8973aadfeb88cbeaab013024a6cTinderbox User </p></dd>
abe69df9a7de5cda07a2b8e19e8b7c981bcd7a9dTinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-v</span></dt>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User<dd><p>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User Print the version number and exit.
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User </p></dd>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<dt><span class="term">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>addr</code></em></span></dt>
164ade1482251e1da962b42e5bf0d3aa02a11e03Tinderbox User<dd><p>
9efd8fc7e811d3c0c160adeb5552c2df7e49df67Tinderbox User Simplified reverse lookups, for mapping addresses to
a0fb6a0980359165a4459723f52d5d7b5725f9c6Tinderbox User names. The <em class="parameter"><code>addr</code></em> is an IPv4 address
a0fb6a0980359165a4459723f52d5d7b5725f9c6Tinderbox User in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6
a0fb6a0980359165a4459723f52d5d7b5725f9c6Tinderbox User address. When the <code class="option">-x</code> is used, there is no
a0fb6a0980359165a4459723f52d5d7b5725f9c6Tinderbox User need to provide
a0fb6a0980359165a4459723f52d5d7b5725f9c6Tinderbox User the <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>, <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>
a0fb6a0980359165a4459723f52d5d7b5725f9c6Tinderbox User and <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>
a0fb6a0980359165a4459723f52d5d7b5725f9c6Tinderbox User arguments. <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> automatically performs a
a0fb6a0980359165a4459723f52d5d7b5725f9c6Tinderbox User lookup for a name like
a0fb6a0980359165a4459723f52d5d7b5725f9c6Tinderbox User <code class="literal">94.2.0.192.in-addr.arpa</code> and sets the
8c7245514646663b25d8b186186ebede41903fa3Tinderbox User query type and class to PTR and IN respectively. IPv6
8c7245514646663b25d8b186186ebede41903fa3Tinderbox User addresses are looked up using nibble format under the
8c7245514646663b25d8b186186ebede41903fa3Tinderbox User IP6.ARPA domain (but see also the <code class="option">-i</code>
8c7245514646663b25d8b186186ebede41903fa3Tinderbox User option).
8c7245514646663b25d8b186186ebede41903fa3Tinderbox User </p></dd>
8c7245514646663b25d8b186186ebede41903fa3Tinderbox User<dt><span class="term">-y <em class="replaceable"><code>[<span class="optional">hmac:</span>]keyname:secret</code></em></span></dt>
8c7245514646663b25d8b186186ebede41903fa3Tinderbox User<dd>
8c7245514646663b25d8b186186ebede41903fa3Tinderbox User<p>
8c7245514646663b25d8b186186ebede41903fa3Tinderbox User Sign queries using TSIG with the given authentication key.
421ba11f3f07cbcb12c288ef7f4e7bad13fcc28fTinderbox User <em class="parameter"><code>keyname</code></em> is the name of the key, and
421ba11f3f07cbcb12c288ef7f4e7bad13fcc28fTinderbox User <em class="parameter"><code>secret</code></em> is the base64 encoded shared secret.
421ba11f3f07cbcb12c288ef7f4e7bad13fcc28fTinderbox User <em class="parameter"><code>hmac</code></em> is the name of the key algorithm;
421ba11f3f07cbcb12c288ef7f4e7bad13fcc28fTinderbox User valid choices are <code class="literal">hmac-md5</code>,
421ba11f3f07cbcb12c288ef7f4e7bad13fcc28fTinderbox User <code class="literal">hmac-sha1</code>, <code class="literal">hmac-sha224</code>,
421ba11f3f07cbcb12c288ef7f4e7bad13fcc28fTinderbox User <code class="literal">hmac-sha256</code>, <code class="literal">hmac-sha384</code>, or
99b30e26a6beb9092557cc9e5370b517309bff6eTinderbox User <code class="literal">hmac-sha512</code>. If <em class="parameter"><code>hmac</code></em>
ffe29868b4bbc64953fc5d0de51f988c20158967Tinderbox User is not specified, the default is <code class="literal">hmac-md5</code>.
3b15473cedf41d48904f5b07bdc5e87afff6b58cTinderbox User </p>
3b15473cedf41d48904f5b07bdc5e87afff6b58cTinderbox User<p>
3b15473cedf41d48904f5b07bdc5e87afff6b58cTinderbox User NOTE: You should use the <code class="option">-k</code> option and
3b15473cedf41d48904f5b07bdc5e87afff6b58cTinderbox User avoid the <code class="option">-y</code> option, because
3b15473cedf41d48904f5b07bdc5e87afff6b58cTinderbox User with <code class="option">-y</code> the shared secret is supplied as
3b15473cedf41d48904f5b07bdc5e87afff6b58cTinderbox User a command line argument in clear text. This may be visible
ffe29868b4bbc64953fc5d0de51f988c20158967Tinderbox User in the output from
99b30e26a6beb9092557cc9e5370b517309bff6eTinderbox User <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ps</span>(1)</span>
99b30e26a6beb9092557cc9e5370b517309bff6eTinderbox User or in a history file maintained by the user's shell.
99b30e26a6beb9092557cc9e5370b517309bff6eTinderbox User </p>
99b30e26a6beb9092557cc9e5370b517309bff6eTinderbox User</dd>
99b30e26a6beb9092557cc9e5370b517309bff6eTinderbox User</dl></div>
99b30e26a6beb9092557cc9e5370b517309bff6eTinderbox User</div>
99b30e26a6beb9092557cc9e5370b517309bff6eTinderbox User<div class="refsection">
99b30e26a6beb9092557cc9e5370b517309bff6eTinderbox User<a name="id-1.14.2.10"></a><h2>QUERY OPTIONS</h2>
c48fdfda7a8ae8973aadfeb88cbeaab013024a6cTinderbox User<p><span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>
c48fdfda7a8ae8973aadfeb88cbeaab013024a6cTinderbox User provides a number of query options which affect
c48fdfda7a8ae8973aadfeb88cbeaab013024a6cTinderbox User the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of
c48fdfda7a8ae8973aadfeb88cbeaab013024a6cTinderbox User these set or reset flag bits in the query header, some determine which
c48fdfda7a8ae8973aadfeb88cbeaab013024a6cTinderbox User sections of the answer get printed, and others determine the timeout
c48fdfda7a8ae8973aadfeb88cbeaab013024a6cTinderbox User and retry strategies.
9efd8fc7e811d3c0c160adeb5552c2df7e49df67Tinderbox User </p>
9efd8fc7e811d3c0c160adeb5552c2df7e49df67Tinderbox User<p>
9efd8fc7e811d3c0c160adeb5552c2df7e49df67Tinderbox User Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus sign
9efd8fc7e811d3c0c160adeb5552c2df7e49df67Tinderbox User (<code class="literal">+</code>). Some keywords set or reset an
9efd8fc7e811d3c0c160adeb5552c2df7e49df67Tinderbox User option. These may be preceded
9efd8fc7e811d3c0c160adeb5552c2df7e49df67Tinderbox User by the string <code class="literal">no</code> to negate the meaning of
9efd8fc7e811d3c0c160adeb5552c2df7e49df67Tinderbox User that keyword. Other
9efd8fc7e811d3c0c160adeb5552c2df7e49df67Tinderbox User keywords assign values to options like the timeout interval. They
9efd8fc7e811d3c0c160adeb5552c2df7e49df67Tinderbox User have the form <code class="option">+keyword=value</code>.
9efd8fc7e811d3c0c160adeb5552c2df7e49df67Tinderbox User Keywords may be abbreviated, provided the abbreviation is
9efd8fc7e811d3c0c160adeb5552c2df7e49df67Tinderbox User unambiguous; for example, <code class="literal">+cd</code> is equivalent
ffe29868b4bbc64953fc5d0de51f988c20158967Tinderbox User to <code class="literal">+cdflag</code>.
ffe29868b4bbc64953fc5d0de51f988c20158967Tinderbox User The query options are:
ffe29868b4bbc64953fc5d0de51f988c20158967Tinderbox User
ffe29868b4bbc64953fc5d0de51f988c20158967Tinderbox User </p>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaflag</code></span></dt>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<dd><p>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt A synonym for <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]aaonly</code></em>.
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User </p></dd>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaonly</code></span></dt>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User<dd><p>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User Sets the "aa" flag in the query.
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt </p></dd>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]additional</code></span></dt>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User<dd><p>
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User Display [do not display] the additional section of a
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt reply. The default is to display it.
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt </p></dd>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]adflag</code></span></dt>
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User<dd><p>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt Set [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User query. This requests the server to return whether
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt all of the answer and authority sections have all
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User been validated as secure according to the security
1c57c3f79db0bf0358bbe6d7b5ad650c0c852f4bTinderbox User policy of the server. AD=1 indicates that all records
have been validated as secure and the answer is not
from a OPT-OUT range. AD=0 indicate that some part
of the answer was insecure or not validated. This
bit is set by default.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]all</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set or clear all display flags.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]answer</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Display [do not display] the answer section of a
reply. The default is to display it.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]authority</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Display [do not display] the authority section of a
reply. The default is to display it.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]badcookie</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Retry lookup with the new server cookie if a
BADCOOKIE response is received.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]besteffort</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Attempt to display the contents of messages which are
malformed. The default is to not display malformed
answers.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+bufsize=B</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0
to <em class="parameter"><code>B</code></em> bytes. The maximum and
minimum sizes of this buffer are 65535 and 0 respectively.
Values outside this range are rounded up or down
appropriately. Values other than zero will cause a
EDNS query to be sent.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cdflag</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set [do not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in
the query. This requests the server to not perform
DNSSEC validation of responses.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]class</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Display [do not display] the CLASS when printing the
record.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cmd</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Toggles the printing of the initial comment in the
output identifying the version of <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>
and the query options that have been applied. This
comment is printed by default.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]comments</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Toggle the display of comment lines in the output.
The default is to print comments.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cookie[<span class="optional">=####</span>]</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Send a COOKIE EDNS option, with optional
value. Replaying a COOKIE from a previous response will
allow the server to identify a previous client. The
default is <code class="option">+cookie</code>.
</p>
<p>
<span class="command"><strong>+cookie</strong></span> is also set when +trace
is set to better emulate the default queries from a
nameserver.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]crypto</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Toggle the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC
records. The contents of these field are unnecessary
to debug most DNSSEC validation failures and removing
them makes it easier to see the common failures. The
default is to display the fields. When omitted they
are replaced by the string "[omitted]" or in the
DNSKEY case the key id is displayed as the replacement,
e.g. "[ key id = value ]".
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]defname</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Deprecated, treated as a synonym for
<em class="parameter"><code>+[no]search</code></em>
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]dnssec</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Requests DNSSEC records be sent by setting the DNSSEC
OK bit (DO) in the OPT record in the additional section
of the query.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+domain=somename</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set the search list to contain the single domain
<em class="parameter"><code>somename</code></em>, as if specified in
a <span class="command"><strong>domain</strong></span> directive in
<code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, and enable
search list processing as if the
<em class="parameter"><code>+search</code></em> option were given.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+dscp=value</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set the DSCP code point to be used when sending the
query. Valid DSCP code points are in the range
[0..63]. By default no code point is explicitly set.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]edns[=#]</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Specify the EDNS version to query with. Valid values
are 0 to 255. Setting the EDNS version will cause
a EDNS query to be sent. <code class="option">+noedns</code>
clears the remembered EDNS version. EDNS is set to
0 by default.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ednsflags[=#]</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set the must-be-zero EDNS flags bits (Z bits) to the
specified value. Decimal, hex and octal encodings are
accepted. Setting a named flag (e.g. DO) will silently be
ignored. By default, no Z bits are set.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ednsnegotiation</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Enable / disable EDNS version negotiation. By default
EDNS version negotiation is enabled.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ednsopt[=code[:value]]</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Specify EDNS option with code point <code class="option">code</code>
and optionally payload of <code class="option">value</code> as a
hexadecimal string. <code class="option">+noednsopt</code>
clears the EDNS options to be sent.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]expire</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Send an EDNS Expire option.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]fail</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Do not try the next server if you receive a SERVFAIL.
The default is to not try the next server which is
the reverse of normal stub resolver behavior.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]header-only</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Send a query with a DNS header without a question section.
The default is to add a question section. The query type
and query name are ignored when this is set.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]identify</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Show [or do not show] the IP address and port number
that supplied the answer when the
<em class="parameter"><code>+short</code></em> option is enabled. If
short form answers are requested, the default is not
to show the source address and port number of the
server that provided the answer.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ignore</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Ignore truncation in UDP responses instead of retrying
with TCP. By default, TCP retries are performed.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]keepopen</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Keep the TCP socket open between queries and reuse
it rather than creating a new TCP socket for each
lookup. The default is <code class="option">+nokeepopen</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]mapped</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Allow mapped IPv4 over IPv6 addresses to be used. The
default is <code class="option">+mapped</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]multiline</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Print records like the SOA records in a verbose
multi-line format with human-readable comments. The
default is to print each record on a single line, to
facilitate machine parsing of the <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>
output.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+ndots=D</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set the number of dots that have to appear in
<em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> to <em class="parameter"><code>D</code></em>
for it to be considered absolute. The default value
is that defined using the ndots statement in
<code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, or 1 if no
ndots statement is present. Names with fewer dots
are interpreted as relative names and will be searched
for in the domains listed in the <code class="option">search</code>
or <code class="option">domain</code> directive in
<code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code> if
<code class="option">+search</code> is set.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]nsid</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Include an EDNS name server ID request when sending
a query.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]nssearch</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
When this option is set, <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>
attempts to find the authoritative name servers for
the zone containing the name being looked up and
display the SOA record that each name server has for
the zone.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]onesoa</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Print only one (starting) SOA record when performing
an AXFR. The default is to print both the starting
and ending SOA records.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]opcode=value</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set [restore] the DNS message opcode to the specified
value. The default value is QUERY (0).
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]qr</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Print [do not print] the query as it is sent. By
default, the query is not printed.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]question</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Print [do not print] the question section of a query
when an answer is returned. The default is to print
the question section as a comment.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]rdflag</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
A synonym for <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]recurse</code></em>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]recurse</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Toggle the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit
in the query. This bit is set by default, which means
<span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> normally sends recursive
queries. Recursion is automatically disabled when
the <em class="parameter"><code>+nssearch</code></em> or
<em class="parameter"><code>+trace</code></em> query options are used.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+retry=T</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to
server to <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the
default, 2. Unlike <em class="parameter"><code>+tries</code></em>,
this does not include the initial query.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]rrcomments</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Toggle the display of per-record comments in the
output (for example, human-readable key information
about DNSKEY records). The default is not to print
record comments unless multiline mode is active.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]search</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Use [do not use] the search list defined by the
searchlist or domain directive in
<code class="filename">resolv.conf</code> (if any). The search
list is not used by default.
</p>
<p>
'ndots' from <code class="filename">resolv.conf</code> (default 1)
which may be overridden by <em class="parameter"><code>+ndots</code></em>
determines if the name will be treated as relative
or not and hence whether a search is eventually
performed or not.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]short</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the
answer in a verbose form.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]showsearch</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Perform [do not perform] a search showing intermediate
results.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]sigchase</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Chase DNSSEC signature chains. Requires dig be
compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+split=W</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource
records into chunks of <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em>
characters (where <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em> is rounded
up to the nearest multiple of 4).
<em class="parameter"><code>+nosplit</code></em> or
<em class="parameter"><code>+split=0</code></em> causes fields not to
be split at all. The default is 56 characters, or
44 characters when multiline mode is active.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]stats</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
This query option toggles the printing of statistics:
when the query was made, the size of the reply and
so on. The default behavior is to print the query
statistics.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]subnet=addr/prefix</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Send an EDNS Client Subnet option with the specified
IP address or network prefix.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]tcp</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The
default behavior is to use UDP unless an
<code class="literal">ixfr=N</code> query is requested, in which
case the default is TCP. AXFR queries always use
TCP.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+timeout=T</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Sets the timeout for a query to
<em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> seconds. The default
timeout is 5 seconds.
An attempt to set <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> to less
than 1 will result
in a query timeout of 1 second being applied.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]topdown</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
When chasing DNSSEC signature chains perform a top-down
validation. Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]trace</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Toggle tracing of the delegation path from the root
name servers for the name being looked up. Tracing
is disabled by default. When tracing is enabled,
<span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> makes iterative queries to
resolve the name being looked up. It will follow
referrals from the root servers, showing the answer
from each server that was used to resolve the lookup.
</p>
<p>
If @server is also specified, it affects only the
initial query for the root zone name servers.
</p>
<p>
<span class="command"><strong>+dnssec</strong></span> is also set when +trace
is set to better emulate the default queries from a
nameserver.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+tries=T</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Sets the number of times to try UDP queries to server
to <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the default,
3. If <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> is less than or equal
to zero, the number of tries is silently rounded up
to 1.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+trusted-key=####</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Specifies a file containing trusted keys to be used
with <code class="option">+sigchase</code>. Each DNSKEY record
must be on its own line.
</p>
<p>
If not specified, <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> will look
for <code class="filename">/etc/trusted-key.key</code> then
<code class="filename">trusted-key.key</code> in the current
directory.
</p>
<p>
Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ttlid</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Display [do not display] the TTL when printing the
record.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ttlunits</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Display [do not display] the TTL in friendly human-readable
time units of "s", "m", "h", "d", and "w", representing
seconds, minutes, hours, days and weeks. Implies +ttlid.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]vc</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. This
alternate syntax to <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]tcp</code></em>
is provided for backwards compatibility. The "vc"
stands for "virtual circuit".
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]zflag</code></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Set [do not set] the last unassigned DNS header flag in a
DNS query. This flag is off by default.
</p></dd>
</dl></div>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.2.11"></a><h2>MULTIPLE QUERIES</h2>
<p>
The BIND 9 implementation of <span class="command"><strong>dig </strong></span>
supports
specifying multiple queries on the command line (in addition to
supporting the <code class="option">-f</code> batch file option). Each of those
queries can be supplied with its own set of flags, options and query
options.
</p>
<p>
In this case, each <em class="parameter"><code>query</code></em> argument
represent an
individual query in the command-line syntax described above. Each
consists of any of the standard options and flags, the name to be
looked up, an optional query type and class and any query options that
should be applied to that query.
</p>
<p>
A global set of query options, which should be applied to all queries,
can also be supplied. These global query options must precede the
first tuple of name, class, type, options, flags, and query options
supplied on the command line. Any global query options (except
the <code class="option">+[no]cmd</code> option) can be
overridden by a query-specific set of query options. For example:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
dig +qr www.isc.org any -x 127.0.0.1 isc.org ns +noqr
</pre>
<p>
shows how <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> could be used from the
command line
to make three lookups: an ANY query for <code class="literal">www.isc.org</code>, a
reverse lookup of 127.0.0.1 and a query for the NS records of
<code class="literal">isc.org</code>.
A global query option of <em class="parameter"><code>+qr</code></em> is
applied, so
that <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> shows the initial query it made
for each
lookup. The final query has a local query option of
<em class="parameter"><code>+noqr</code></em> which means that <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>
will not print the initial query when it looks up the NS records for
<code class="literal">isc.org</code>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.2.12"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2>
<p>
If <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> has been built with IDN (internationalized
domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
<span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> appropriately converts character encoding of
domain name before sending a request to DNS server or displaying a
reply from the server.
If you'd like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, defines
the <code class="envar">IDN_DISABLE</code> environment variable.
The IDN support is disabled if the variable is set when
<span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> runs.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.2.13"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
<p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
</p>
<p><code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</code>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.2.14"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">host</span>(1)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC1035</em>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.2.15"></a><h2>BUGS</h2>
<p>
There are probably too many query options.
</p>
</div>
</div>
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