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2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore - Copyright (C) 2004-2015 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
6b5e5868e7ebf1aff3a5abd7d0c4ef0e5fbf3648Garrett D'Amore - Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore - Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
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4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
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4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<a name="man.delv"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<p>delv — DNS lookup and validation utility</p>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">delv</code> [@server] [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>] [<code class="option">-a <em class="replaceable"><code>anchor-file</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-i</code>] [<code class="option">-m</code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port#</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-q <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>addr</code></em></code>] [name] [type] [class] [queryopt...]</p></div>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">delv</code> [<code class="option">-h</code>]</p></div>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">delv</code> [<code class="option">-v</code>]</p></div>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">delv</code> [queryopt...] [query...]</p></div>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<p><span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore (Domain Entity Lookup & Validation) is a tool for sending
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore DNS queries and validating the results, using the same internal
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore resolver and validator logic as <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> will send to a specified name server all
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore queries needed to fetch and validate the requested data; this
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore includes the original requested query, subsequent queries to follow
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore CNAME or DNAME chains, and queries for DNSKEY, DS and DLV records
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore to establish a chain of trust for DNSSEC validation.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore It does not perform iterative resolution, but simulates the
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore behavior of a name server configured for DNSSEC validating and
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore By default, responses are validated using built-in DNSSEC trust
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore anchors for the root zone (".") and for the ISC DNSSEC lookaside
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore validation zone ("dlv.isc.org"). Records returned by
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> are either fully validated or
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore were not signed. If validation fails, an explanation of
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore the failure is included in the output; the validation process
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore can be traced in detail. Because <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> does
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore not rely on an external server to carry out validation, it can
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore be used to check the validity of DNS responses in environments
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore where local name servers may not be trustworthy.
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore Unless it is told to query a specific name server,
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> will try each of the servers listed in
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>. If no usable server
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore addresses are found, <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> will send
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore queries to the localhost addresses (127.0.0.1 for IPv4, ::1
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore When no command line arguments or options are given,
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> will perform an NS query for "."
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore (the root zone).
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<a name="id2619154"></a><h2>SIMPLE USAGE</h2>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore A typical invocation of <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> looks like:
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<pre class="programlisting"> delv @server name type </pre>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">server</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore is the name or IP address of the name server to query. This
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore can be an IPv4 address in dotted-decimal notation or an IPv6
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore address in colon-delimited notation. When the supplied
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> argument is a hostname,
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> resolves that name before
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore querying that name server (note, however, that this
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore initial lookup is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> validated
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore If no <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> argument is
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore provided, <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> consults
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>; if an
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore address is found there, it queries the name server at
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore that address. If either of the <code class="option">-4</code> or
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <code class="option">-6</code> options are in use, then
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore only addresses for the corresponding transport
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore will be tried. If no usable addresses are found,
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> will send queries to
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore the localhost addresses (127.0.0.1 for IPv4,
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore ::1 for IPv6).
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">name</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore is the domain name to be looked up.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">type</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore indicates what type of query is required —
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore ANY, A, MX, etc.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> can be any valid query
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> argument is supplied,
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> will perform a lookup for an
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term">-a <em class="replaceable"><code>anchor-file</code></em></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Specifies a file from which to read DNSSEC trust anchors.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore The default is <code class="filename">/etc/bind.keys</code>, which
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore is included with <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9 and contains
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore trust anchors for the root zone (".") and for the ISC
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore DNSSEC lookaside validation zone ("dlv.isc.org").
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Keys that do not match the root or DLV trust-anchor
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore names are ignored; these key names can be overridden
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore using the <code class="option">+dlv=NAME</code> or
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <code class="option">+root=NAME</code> options.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Note: When reading the trust anchor file,
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> treats <code class="option">managed-keys</code>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore statements and <code class="option">trusted-keys</code> statements
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore identically. That is, for a managed key, it is the
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <span class="emphasis"><em>initial</em></span> key that is trusted; RFC 5011
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore key management is not supported. <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore will not consult the managed-keys database maintained by
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>. This means that if either of the
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore keys in <code class="filename">/etc/bind.keys</code> is revoked
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore and rolled over, it will be necessary to update
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <code class="filename">/etc/bind.keys</code> to use DNSSEC
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore validation in <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span>.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Sets the source IP address of the query to
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <em class="parameter"><code>address</code></em>. This must be a valid address
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore on one of the host's network interfaces or "0.0.0.0" or "::".
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore An optional source port may be specified by appending
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore "#<port>"
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Sets the query class for the requested data. Currently,
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore only class "IN" is supported in <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore and any other value is ignored.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Set the systemwide debug level to <code class="option">level</code>.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore The allowed range is from 0 to 99.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore The default is 0 (no debugging).
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Debugging traces from <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> become
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore more verbose as the debug level increases.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore See the <code class="option">+mtrace</code>, <code class="option">+rtrace</code>,
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore and <code class="option">+vtrace</code> options below for additional
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore debugging details.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Display the <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> help usage output and exit.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Insecure mode. This disables internal DNSSEC validation.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore (Note, however, this does not set the CD bit on upstream
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore queries. If the server being queried is performing DNSSEC
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore validation, then it will not return invalid data; this
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore can cause <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> to time out. When it
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore is necessary to examine invalid data to debug a DNSSEC
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore problem, use <span><strong class="command">dig +cd</strong></span>.)
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Enables memory usage debugging.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port#</code></em></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Specifies a destination port to use for queries instead of
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore the standard DNS port number 53. This option would be used
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore with a name server that has been configured to listen
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore for queries on a non-standard port number.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term">-q <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Sets the query name to <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>.
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore While the query name can be specified without using the
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <code class="option">-q</code>, it is sometimes necessary to disambiguate
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore names from types or classes (for example, when looking up the
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore name "ns", which could be misinterpreted as the type NS,
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore or "ch", which could be misinterpreted as class CH).
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Sets the query type to <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>, which
6eaad1d3bb5bc6d4b1e87f2660b6d3a6e9fc2155Garrett D'Amore can be any valid query type supported in BIND 9 except
6eaad1d3bb5bc6d4b1e87f2660b6d3a6e9fc2155Garrett D'Amore for zone transfer types AXFR and IXFR. As with
6eaad1d3bb5bc6d4b1e87f2660b6d3a6e9fc2155Garrett D'Amore <code class="option">-q</code>, this is useful to distinguish
6eaad1d3bb5bc6d4b1e87f2660b6d3a6e9fc2155Garrett D'Amore query name type or class when they are ambiguous.
6eaad1d3bb5bc6d4b1e87f2660b6d3a6e9fc2155Garrett D'Amore it is sometimes necessary to disambiguate names from types.
6eaad1d3bb5bc6d4b1e87f2660b6d3a6e9fc2155Garrett D'Amore The default query type is "A", unless the <code class="option">-x</code>
6eaad1d3bb5bc6d4b1e87f2660b6d3a6e9fc2155Garrett D'Amore option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup, in which case
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Print the <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> version and exit.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>addr</code></em></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Performs a reverse lookup, mapping an addresses to
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore a name. <em class="parameter"><code>addr</code></em> is an IPv4 address in
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore When <code class="option">-x</code> is used, there is no need to provide
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore the <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> or <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore arguments. <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> automatically performs a
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore lookup for a name like <code class="literal">11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa</code>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore and sets the query type to PTR. IPv6 addresses are looked up
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore using nibble format under the IP6.ARPA domain.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Forces <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> to only use IPv4.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Forces <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> to only use IPv6.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<a name="id2675130"></a><h2>QUERY OPTIONS</h2>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<p><span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore provides a number of query options which affect the way results are
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore displayed, and in some cases the way lookups are performed.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus sign
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore (<code class="literal">+</code>). Some keywords set or reset an
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore option. These may be preceded by the string
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <code class="literal">no</code> to negate the meaning of that keyword.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Other keywords assign values to options like the timeout interval.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore They have the form <code class="option">+keyword=value</code>.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore The query options are:
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cdflag</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Controls whether to set the CD (checking disabled) bit in
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore queries sent by <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span>. This may be useful
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore when troubleshooting DNSSEC problems from behind a validating
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore resolver. A validating resolver will block invalid responses,
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore making it difficult to retrieve them for analysis. Setting
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore the CD flag on queries will cause the resolver to return
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore invalid responses, which <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> can then
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore validate internally and report the errors in detail.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]class</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Controls whether to display the CLASS when printing
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore a record. The default is to display the CLASS.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ttl</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Controls whether to display the TTL when printing
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore a record. The default is to display the TTL.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]rtrace</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Toggle resolver fetch logging. This reports the
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore name and type of each query sent by <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore in the process of carrying out the resolution and validation
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore process: this includes including the original query and
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore all subsequent queries to follow CNAMEs and to establish a
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore chain of trust for DNSSEC validation.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore This is equivalent to setting the debug level to 1 in
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore the "resolver" logging category. Setting the systemwide
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore debug level to 1 using the <code class="option">-d</code> option will
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore product the same output (but will affect other logging
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore categories as well).
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]mtrace</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Toggle message logging. This produces a detailed dump of
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore the responses received by <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> in the
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore process of carrying out the resolution and validation process.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore This is equivalent to setting the debug level to 10
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore for the "packets" module of the "resolver" logging
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore category. Setting the systemwide debug level to 10 using
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore the <code class="option">-d</code> option will produce the same output
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore (but will affect other logging categories as well).
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]vtrace</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Toggle validation logging. This shows the internal
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore process of the validator as it determines whether an
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore answer is validly signed, unsigned, or invalid.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore This is equivalent to setting the debug level to 3
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore for the "validator" module of the "dnssec" logging
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore category. Setting the systemwide debug level to 3 using
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore the <code class="option">-d</code> option will produce the same output
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore (but will affect other logging categories as well).
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]short</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the answer in a
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore verbose form.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]comments</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Toggle the display of comment lines in the output. The default
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore is to print comments.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]rrcomments</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Toggle the display of per-record comments in the output (for
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore example, human-readable key information about DNSKEY records).
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore The default is to print per-record comments.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]crypto</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Toggle the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC records.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore The contents of these field are unnecessary to debug most DNSSEC
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore validation failures and removing them makes it easier to see
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore the common failures. The default is to display the fields.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore When omitted they are replaced by the string "[omitted]" or
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore in the DNSKEY case the key id is displayed as the replacement,
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore e.g. "[ key id = value ]".
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]trust</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Controls whether to display the trust level when printing
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore a record. The default is to display the trust level.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]split[=W]</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore records into chunks of <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em> characters
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore (where <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em> is rounded up to the nearest
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore multiple of 4).
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <em class="parameter"><code>+nosplit</code></em> or
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <em class="parameter"><code>+split=0</code></em> causes fields not to be
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore split at all. The default is 56 characters, or 44 characters
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore when multiline mode is active.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]all</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Set or clear the display options
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <code class="option">+[no]rrcomments</code>, and
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <code class="option">+[no]trust</code> as a group.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]multiline</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Print long records (such as RRSIG, DNSKEY, and SOA records)
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore in a verbose multi-line format with human-readable comments.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore The default is to print each record on a single line, to
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore facilitate machine parsing of the <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]dnssec</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Indicates whether to display RRSIG records in the
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <span><strong class="command">delv</strong></span> output. The default is to
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore do so. Note that (unlike in <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>)
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore this does <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> control whether to
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore request DNSSEC records or whether to validate them.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore DNSSEC records are always requested, and validation
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore will always occur unless suppressed by the use of
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <code class="option">-i</code> or <code class="option">+noroot</code> and
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]root[=ROOT]</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Indicates whether to perform conventional (non-lookaside)
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore DNSSEC validation, and if so, specifies the
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore name of a trust anchor. The default is to validate using
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore a trust anchor of "." (the root zone), for which there is
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore a built-in key. If specifying a different trust anchor,
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore then <code class="option">-a</code> must be used to specify a file
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore containing the key.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]dlv[=DLV]</code></span></dt>
2d08521bd15501c8370ba2153b9cca4f094979d0Garrett D'Amore Indicates whether to perform DNSSEC lookaside validation,
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore and if so, specifies the name of the DLV trust anchor.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore The default is to perform lookaside validation using
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore a trust anchor of "dlv.isc.org", for which there is a
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore built-in key. If specifying a different name, then
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <code class="option">-a</code> must be used to specify a file
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore containing the DLV key.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]tcp</code></span></dt>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore Controls whether to use TCP when sending queries.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore The default is to use UDP unless a truncated
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore response has been received.
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<p><code class="filename">/etc/bind.keys</code></p>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code></p>
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dig</span>(1)</span>,
4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
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4297a3b0d0a35d80f86fff155e288e885a100e6dGarrett D'Amore<p style="text-align: center;">BIND 9.11.0pre-alpha</p>