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1450N/A<html>
1450N/A<head>
1450N/A<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
1450N/A<title>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</title>
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1450N/A<link rel="start" href="Bv9ARM.html" title="BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual">
1450N/A<link rel="next" href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html" title="Chapter�1.�Introduction">
1450N/A</head>
1450N/A<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
1450N/A<div class="navheader">
1450N/A<table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
1450N/A<tr><th colspan="3" align="center">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</th></tr>
1450N/A<tr>
1450N/A<td width="20%" align="left">�</td>
1450N/A<th width="60%" align="center">�</th>
1450N/A<td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html">Next</a>
1450N/A</td>
1450N/A</tr>
1450N/A</table>
1450N/A<hr>
1450N/A</div>
1450N/A<div class="book" lang="en">
1450N/A<div class="titlepage">
1450N/A<div>
1450N/A<div><h1 class="title">
1450N/A<a name="id2544199"></a>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</h1></div>
1450N/A<div><p class="copyright">Copyright � 2004, 2005 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</p></div>
1450N/A<div><p class="copyright">Copyright � 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.</p></div>
1450N/A</div>
1450N/A<hr>
1450N/A</div>
1450N/A<div class="toc">
1450N/A<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
1450N/A<dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html">1. Introduction</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2546075">Scope of Document</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2544250">Organization of This Document</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2545346">Conventions Used in This Document</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2546346">The Domain Name System (<span class="acronym">DNS</span>)</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2546368">DNS Fundamentals</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2546402">Domains and Domain Names</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2549012">Zones</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2549089">Authoritative Name Servers</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2549193">Caching Name Servers</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2549323">Name Servers in Multiple Roles</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html">2. <span class="acronym">BIND</span> Resource Requirements</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html#id2549426">Hardware requirements</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html#id2549452">CPU Requirements</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html#id2549465">Memory Requirements</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html#id2549560">Name Server Intensive Environment Issues</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html#id2549571">Supported Operating Systems</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html">3. Name Server Configuration</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#sample_configuration">Sample Configurations</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#id2549603">A Caching-only Name Server</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#id2549619">An Authoritative-only Name Server</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#id2549505">Load Balancing</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#id2550065">Name Server Operations</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#id2550070">Tools for Use With the Name Server Daemon</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#id2551639">Signals</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html">4. Advanced DNS Features</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#notify">Notify</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#dynamic_update">Dynamic Update</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#journal">The journal file</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#incremental_zone_transfers">Incremental Zone Transfers (IXFR)</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2552097">Split DNS</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#tsig">TSIG</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2552616">Generate Shared Keys for Each Pair of Hosts</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2552758">Copying the Shared Secret to Both Machines</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2552769">Informing the Servers of the Key's Existence</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2552808">Instructing the Server to Use the Key</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2552866">TSIG Key Based Access Control</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2552910">Errors</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2552924">TKEY</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2552973">SIG(0)</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#DNSSEC">DNSSEC</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2553110">Generating Keys</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2553248">Signing the Zone</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2553326">Configuring Servers</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2553401">IPv6 Support in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2553531">Address Lookups Using AAAA Records</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2553553">Address to Name Lookups Using Nibble Format</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch05.html">5. The <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 Lightweight Resolver</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch05.html#id2553654">The Lightweight Resolver Library</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch05.html#lwresd">Running a Resolver Daemon</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html">6. <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 Configuration Reference</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#configuration_file_elements">Configuration File Elements</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#address_match_lists">Address Match Lists</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2555206">Comment Syntax</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#Configuration_File_Grammar">Configuration File Grammar</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2555750"><span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#acl"><span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span> Statement Definition and
1450N/A Usage</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2556008"><span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#controls_statement_definition_and_usage"><span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> Statement Definition and
1450N/A Usage</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2556300"><span><strong class="command">include</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2556384"><span><strong class="command">include</strong></span> Statement Definition and
1450N/A Usage</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2556407"><span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2556428"><span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2556500"><span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2556694"><span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span> Statement Definition and
1450N/A Usage</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2558044"><span><strong class="command">lwres</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2558118"><span><strong class="command">lwres</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2558182"><span><strong class="command">masters</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2558226"><span><strong class="command">masters</strong></span> Statement Definition and
1450N/A Usage</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2558241"><span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#options"><span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> Statement Definition and
1450N/A Usage</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_definition_and_usage"><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Definition and
1450N/A Usage</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2566284"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2566333"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
1450N/A and Usage</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#view_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2566413"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span>
1450N/A Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2567136"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2569142">Zone File</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#types_of_resource_records_and_when_to_use_them">Types of Resource Records and When to Use Them</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2571232">Discussion of MX Records</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#Setting_TTLs">Setting TTLs</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2571851">Inverse Mapping in IPv4</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2572046">Other Zone File Directives</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2572304"><span class="acronym">BIND</span> Master File Extension: the <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zonefile_format">Additional File Formats</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html">7. <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 Security Considerations</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#Access_Control_Lists">Access Control Lists</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2572849"><span><strong class="command">chroot</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">setuid</strong></span></a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2572993">The <span><strong class="command">chroot</strong></span> Environment</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2573052">Using the <span><strong class="command">setuid</strong></span> Function</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#dynamic_update_security">Dynamic Update Security</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html">8. Troubleshooting</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2573132">Common Problems</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2573138">It's not working; how can I figure out what's wrong?</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2573149">Incrementing and Changing the Serial Number</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2573166">Where Can I Get Help?</a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="appendix"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html">A. Appendices</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2573365">Acknowledgments</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#historical_dns_information">A Brief History of the <span class="acronym">DNS</span> and <span class="acronym">BIND</span></a></span></dt></dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2573524">General <span class="acronym">DNS</span> Reference Information</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#ipv6addresses">IPv6 addresses (AAAA)</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#bibliography">Bibliography (and Suggested Reading)</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#rfcs">Request for Comments (RFCs)</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#internet_drafts">Internet Drafts</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2576827">Other Documents About <span class="acronym">BIND</span></a></span></dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A<dt><span class="reference"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html">I. Manual pages</a></span></dt>
1450N/A<dd><dl>
1450N/A<dt>
1450N/A<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dig.html">dig</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> - DNS lookup utility</span>
1450N/A</dt>
1450N/A<dt>
1450N/A<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.host.html">host</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> - DNS lookup utility</span>
1450N/A</dt>
1450N/A<dt>
1450N/A<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-keygen.html"><span class="application">dnssec-keygen</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> - DNSSEC key generation tool</span>
1450N/A</dt>
1450N/A<dt>
1450N/A<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-signzone.html"><span class="application">dnssec-signzone</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> - DNSSEC zone signing tool</span>
1450N/A</dt>
1450N/A<dt>
1450N/A<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.named-checkconf.html"><span class="application">named-checkconf</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> - named configuration file syntax checking tool</span>
1450N/A</dt>
1450N/A<dt>
1450N/A<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.named-checkzone.html"><span class="application">named-checkzone</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> - zone file validity checking or converting tool</span>
1450N/A</dt>
1450N/A<dt>
1450N/A<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.named.html"><span class="application">named</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> - Internet domain name server</span>
1450N/A</dt>
1450N/A<dt>
1450N/A<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.rndc.html"><span class="application">rndc</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> - name server control utility</span>
1450N/A</dt>
1450N/A<dt>
1450N/A<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.rndc.conf.html"><code class="filename">rndc.conf</code></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> - rndc configuration file</span>
1450N/A</dt>
1450N/A<dt>
1450N/A<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.rndc-confgen.html"><span class="application">rndc-confgen</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> - rndc key generation tool</span>
1450N/A</dt>
1450N/A</dl></dd>
1450N/A</dl>
1450N/A</div>
1450N/A</div>
1450N/A<div class="navfooter">
1450N/A<hr>
1450N/A<table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
1450N/A<tr>
1450N/A<td width="40%" align="left">�</td>
1450N/A<td width="20%" align="center">�</td>
1450N/A<td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html">Next</a>
1450N/A</td>
1450N/A</tr>
1450N/A<tr>
1450N/A<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">�</td>
1450N/A<td width="20%" align="center">�</td>
1450N/A<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�Chapter�1.�Introduction</td>
1450N/A</tr>
1450N/A</table>
1450N/A</div>
1450N/A</body>
1450N/A</html>
1450N/A