Bv9ARM.ch09.html revision f1457d6c8c9428ac96bc2d0bae75075e8ffad906
d6fa26d0adaec6c910115be34fe7a5a5f402c14fMark Andrews<HTML
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>Appendices</TITLE
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinTITLE="BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinHREF="Bv9ARM.html"><LINK
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinREL="PREVIOUS"
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox UserTITLE="Troubleshooting"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinHREF="Bv9ARM.ch08.html"></HEAD
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User><BODY
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox UserCLASS="appendix"
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWIDTH="100%"
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7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><TR
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><TH
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7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</TH
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></TR
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><TR
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><TD
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7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox UserALIGN="left"
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox UserVALIGN="bottom"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><A
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox UserHREF="Bv9ARM.ch08.html"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>Prev</A
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinVALIGN="bottom"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User><TD
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark AndrewsWIDTH="10%"
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>&nbsp;</TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TR
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TABLE
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><HR
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWIDTH="100%"></DIV
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><DIV
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="appendix"
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User><H1
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><A
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinNAME="ch09"
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User>Appendix A. Appendices</A
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User></H1
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><DIV
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="TOC"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><DL
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><DT
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User><B
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews>Table of Contents</B
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews></DT
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews><DT
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User>A.1. <A
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinHREF="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#AEN4420"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>Acknowledgements</A
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></DT
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User><DT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>A.2. <A
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinHREF="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#historical_dns_information"
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User>General <SPAN
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox UserCLASS="acronym"
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark Andrews>DNS</SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> Reference Information</A
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark Andrews></DT
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User><DT
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark Andrews>A.3. <A
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox UserHREF="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#bibliography"
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User>Bibliography (and Suggested Reading)</A
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark Andrews></DT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></DL
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark Andrews></DIV
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User><DIV
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark AndrewsCLASS="sect1"
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User><H1
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox UserCLASS="sect1"
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark Andrews><A
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinNAME="AEN4420"
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark Andrews>A.1. Acknowledgements</A
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User></H1
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark Andrews><DIV
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox UserCLASS="sect2"
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User><H2
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="sect2"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><A
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinNAME="AEN4422"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>A.1.1. A Brief History of the <SPAN
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox UserCLASS="acronym"
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews>DNS</SPAN
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews> and <SPAN
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark AndrewsCLASS="acronym"
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User>BIND</SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></A
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></H2
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User>Although the "official" beginning of the Domain Name
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein System occurred in 1984 with the publication of RFC 920, the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein core of the new system was described in 1983 in RFCs 882 and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 883. From 1984 to 1987, the ARPAnet (the precursor to today's
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User Internet) became a testbed of experimentation for developing the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein new naming/addressing scheme in an rapidly expanding,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein operational network environment. New RFCs were written and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein published in 1987 that modified the original documents to
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User incorporate improvements based on the working model. RFC 1034,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein "Domain Names-Concepts and Facilities", and RFC 1035, "Domain
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Names-Implementation and Specification" were published and
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User became the standards upon which all <SPAN
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox UserCLASS="acronym"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>DNS</SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> implementations are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein built.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</P
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User><P
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews>The first working domain name server, called "Jeeves", was
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrewswritten in 1983-84 by Paul Mockapetris for operation on DEC Tops-20
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrewsmachines located at the University of Southern California's Information
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox UserSciences Institute (USC-ISI) and SRI International's Network Information
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCenter (SRI-NIC). A <SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="acronym"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>DNS</SPAN
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User> server for Unix machines, the Berkeley Internet
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinName Domain (<SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="acronym"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>BIND</SPAN
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User>) package, was written soon after by a group of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeingraduate students at the University of California at Berkeley under
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeina grant from the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Administration
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein(DARPA). Versions of <SPAN
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox UserCLASS="acronym"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>BIND</SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> through 4.8.3 were maintained by the Computer
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinSystems Research Group (CSRG) at UC Berkeley. Douglas Terry, Mark
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox UserPainter, David Riggle and Songnian Zhou made up the initial <SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="acronym"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>BIND</SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox Userproject team. After that, additional work on the software package
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinwas done by Ralph Campbell. Kevin Dunlap, a Digital Equipment Corporation
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinemployee on loan to the CSRG, worked on <SPAN
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox UserCLASS="acronym"
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User>BIND</SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> for 2 years, from 1985
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinto 1987. Many other people also contributed to <SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="acronym"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>BIND</SPAN
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User> development
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrewsduring that time: Doug Kingston, Craig Partridge, Smoot Carl-Mitchell,
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark AndrewsMike Muuss, Jim Bloom and Mike Schwartz. <SPAN
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark AndrewsCLASS="acronym"
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User>BIND</SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> maintenance was subsequently
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinhandled by Mike Karels and O. Kure.</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User><SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="acronym"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>BIND</SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> versions 4.9 and 4.9.1 were released by Digital Equipment
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox UserCorporation (now Compaq Computer Corporation). Paul Vixie, then
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeina DEC employee, became <SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="acronym"
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User>BIND</SPAN
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User>'s primary caretaker. Paul was assisted
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark Andrewsby Phil Almquist, Robert Elz, Alan Barrett, Paul Albitz, Bryan Beecher, Andrew
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinPartan, Andy Cherenson, Tom Limoncelli, Berthold Paffrath, Fuat
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark AndrewsBaran, Anant Kumar, Art Harkin, Win Treese, Don Lewis, Christophe
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox UserWolfhugel, and others.</P
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark Andrews><P
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User><SPAN
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox UserCLASS="acronym"
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark Andrews>BIND</SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> Version 4.9.2 was sponsored by Vixie Enterprises. Paul
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark AndrewsVixie became <SPAN
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox UserCLASS="acronym"
e21a2904f02a03fa06b6db04d348f65fe9c67b2bMark Andrews>BIND</SPAN
2eeb74d1cf5355dd98f6d507a10086e16bb08c4bTinderbox User>'s principal architect/programmer.</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><SPAN
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox UserCLASS="acronym"
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User>BIND</SPAN
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User> versions from 4.9.3 onward have been developed and maintained
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox Userby the Internet Software Consortium with support being provided
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox Userby ISC's sponsors. As co-architects/programmers, Bob Halley and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinPaul Vixie released the first production-ready version of <SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="acronym"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>BIND</SPAN
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User> version
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User8 in May 1997.</P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="acronym"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>BIND</SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> development work is made possible today by the sponsorship
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinof several corporations, and by the tireless work efforts of numerous
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinindividuals.</P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></DIV
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></DIV
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson><DIV
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas GustafssonCLASS="sect1"
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson><H1
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas GustafssonCLASS="sect1"
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson><A
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas GustafssonNAME="historical_dns_information"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>A.2. General <SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="acronym"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>DNS</SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> Reference Information</A
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></H1
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><DIV
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="sect2"
fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User><H2
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="sect2"
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><A
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox UserNAME="ipv6addresses"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>A.2.1. IPv6 addresses (A6)</A
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></H2
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>IPv6 addresses are 128-bit identifiers for interfaces and
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox Usersets of interfaces which were introduced in the <SPAN
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox UserCLASS="acronym"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>DNS</SPAN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> to facilitate
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox Userscalable Internet routing. There are three types of addresses: <I
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox UserCLASS="emphasis"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>Unicast</I
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User>,
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox Useran identifier for a single interface; <I
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="emphasis"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>Anycast</I
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinan identifier for a set of interfaces; and <I
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox UserCLASS="emphasis"
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User>Multicast</I
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>,
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox Useran identifier for a set of interfaces. Here we describe the global
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox UserUnicast address scheme. For more information, see RFC 2374.</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User>The aggregatable global Unicast address format is as follows:</P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><DIV
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="informaltable"
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><A
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox UserNAME="AEN4458"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></A
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><TABLE
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox UserCELLPADDING="3"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinBORDER="1"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="CALSTABLE"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TBODY
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><TR
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinALIGN="LEFT"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinVALIGN="MIDDLE"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User>3</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWIDTH="48"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinALIGN="LEFT"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinVALIGN="MIDDLE"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>13</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWIDTH="50"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinALIGN="LEFT"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinVALIGN="MIDDLE"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User>8</P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWIDTH="70"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinALIGN="LEFT"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinVALIGN="MIDDLE"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>24</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWIDTH="129"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinALIGN="LEFT"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinVALIGN="MIDDLE"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>16</P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></TD
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWIDTH="243"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinALIGN="LEFT"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinVALIGN="MIDDLE"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>64 bits</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TR
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TR
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWIDTH="46"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinALIGN="LEFT"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinVALIGN="MIDDLE"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>FP</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWIDTH="48"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinALIGN="LEFT"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinVALIGN="MIDDLE"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>TLA ID</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><TD
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox UserWIDTH="50"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinALIGN="LEFT"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinVALIGN="MIDDLE"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>RES</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWIDTH="70"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinALIGN="LEFT"
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>NLA ID</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWIDTH="129"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinALIGN="LEFT"
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>SLA ID</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
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7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User>Interface ID</P
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7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></TR
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><TR
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCOLSPAN="4"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinALIGN="LEFT"
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>&#60;------ Public Topology
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein------&#62;</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
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fd2597f75693a2279fdf588bd40dfe2407c42028Tinderbox User><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></TD
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><TD
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7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></TD
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7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></TD
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7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><TD
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></TD
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWIDTH="129"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinALIGN="LEFT"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinVALIGN="MIDDLE"
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><P
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User>&#60;-Site Topology-&#62;</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
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7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User></TD
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><TD
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TD
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7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User>&#60;------ Interface Identifier ------&#62;</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TR
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TBODY
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TABLE
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></DIV
7911e6f9de303bca5a3d8b34f4330c8f7cecffaeTinderbox User><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>Where
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<DIV
CLASS="informaltable"
><A
NAME="AEN4527"
></A
><P
></P
><TABLE
CELLPADDING="3"
BORDER="1"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="132"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>FP</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="24"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>=</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="336"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>Format Prefix (001)</P
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="132"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>TLA ID</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="24"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>=</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="336"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>Top-Level Aggregation Identifier</P
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="132"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>RES</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="24"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>=</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="336"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>Reserved for future use</P
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="132"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>NLA ID</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="24"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>=</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="336"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>Next-Level Aggregation Identifier</P
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="132"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>SLA ID</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="24"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>=</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="336"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>Site-Level Aggregation Identifier</P
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="132"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>INTERFACE ID</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="24"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>=</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="336"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>Interface Identifier</P
></TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
></P
><P
>The <I
CLASS="emphasis"
>Public Topology</I
> is provided by the
upstream provider or ISP, and (roughly) corresponds to the IPv4 <I
CLASS="emphasis"
>network</I
> section
of the address range. The <I
CLASS="emphasis"
>Site Topology</I
> is
where you can subnet this space, much the same as subnetting an
IPv4 /16 network into /24 subnets. The <I
CLASS="emphasis"
>Interface Identifier</I
> is
the address of an individual interface on a given network. (With
IPv6, addresses belong to interfaces rather than machines.)</P
><P
>The subnetting capability of IPv6 is much more flexible than
that of IPv4: subnetting can now be carried out on bit boundaries,
in much the same way as Classless InterDomain Routing (CIDR).</P
><P
>The internal structure of the Public Topology for an A6 global
unicast address consists of:</P
><DIV
CLASS="informaltable"
><A
NAME="AEN4582"
></A
><P
></P
><TABLE
CELLPADDING="3"
BORDER="1"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="49"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>3</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="64"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>13</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="53"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>8</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="79"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>24</P
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="49"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>FP</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="64"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>TLA ID</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="53"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>RES</P
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="79"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><P
>NLA ID</P
></TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
><P
>A 3 bit FP (Format Prefix) of 001 indicates this is a global
Unicast address. FP lengths for other types of addresses may vary.</P
><P
>13 TLA (Top Level Aggregator) bits give the prefix of your
top-level IP backbone carrier.</P
><P
>8 Reserved bits</P
><P
>24 bits for Next Level Aggregators. This allows organizations
with a TLA to hand out portions of their IP space to client organizations,
so that the client can then split up the network further by filling
in more NLA bits, and hand out IPv6 prefixes to their clients, and
so forth.</P
><P
>There is no particular structure for the Site topology section.
Organizations can allocate these bits in any way they desire.</P
><P
>The Interface Identifier must be unique on that network. On
ethernet networks, one way to ensure this is to set the address
to the first three bytes of the hardware address, "FFFE", then the
last three bytes of the hardware address. The lowest significant
bit of the first byte should then be complemented. Addresses are
written as 32-bit blocks separated with a colon, and leading zeros
of a block may be omitted, for example:</P
><P
><B
CLASS="command"
>3ffe:8050:201:9:a00:20ff:fe81:2b32</B
></P
><P
>IPv6 address specifications are likely to contain long strings
of zeros, so the architects have included a shorthand for specifying
them. The double colon (`::') indicates the longest possible string
of zeros that can fit, and can be used only once in an address.</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect1"
><H1
CLASS="sect1"
><A
NAME="bibliography"
>A.3. Bibliography (and Suggested Reading)</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="rfcs"
>A.3.1. Request for Comments (RFCs)</A
></H2
><P
>Specification documents for the Internet protocol suite, including
the <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
>, are published as part of the Request for Comments (RFCs)
series of technical notes. The standards themselves are defined
by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet Engineering
Steering Group (IESG). RFCs can be obtained online via FTP at
<A
HREF="ftp://www.isi.edu/in-notes/"
TARGET="_top"
>ftp://www.isi.edu/in-notes/RFC<TT
CLASS="replaceable"
><I
>xxx</I
></TT
>.txt</A
> (where <TT
CLASS="replaceable"
><I
>xxx</I
></TT
> is
the number of the RFC). RFCs are also available via the Web at
<A
HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.ietf.org/rfc/</A
>.
</P
><H3
><A
NAME="AEN4626"
>Bibliography</A
></H3
><H1
CLASS="bibliodiv"
><A
NAME="AEN4627"
>Standards</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4629"
></A
><P
>[RFC974]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>C. Partridge</SPAN
>, <I
>Mail Routing and the Domain System</I
>, January 1986.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4636"
></A
><P
>[RFC1034]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>P.V. Mockapetris</SPAN
>, <I
>Domain Names &#8212; Concepts and Facilities</I
>, November 1987.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4643"
></A
><P
>[RFC1035]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>P. V. Mockapetris</SPAN
>, <I
>Domain Names &#8212; Implementation and
Specification</I
>, November 1987.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><H1
CLASS="bibliodiv"
><A
NAME="proposed_standards"
>Proposed Standards</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4652"
></A
><P
>[RFC2181]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>R., R. Bush Elz</SPAN
>, <I
>Clarifications to the <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Specification</I
>, July 1997.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4660"
></A
><P
>[RFC2308]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>M. Andrews</SPAN
>, <I
>Negative Caching of <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Queries</I
>, March 1998.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4668"
></A
><P
>[RFC1995]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>M. Ohta</SPAN
>, <I
>Incremental Zone Transfer in <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
></I
>, August 1996.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4676"
></A
><P
>[RFC1996]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>P. Vixie</SPAN
>, <I
>A Mechanism for Prompt Notification of Zone Changes</I
>, August 1996.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4683"
></A
><P
>[RFC2136]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>P. Vixie, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>S. Thomson, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>Y. Rekhter, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and J. Bound</SPAN
>, <I
>Dynamic Updates in the Domain Name System</I
>, April 1997.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4700"
></A
><P
>[RFC2845]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>P. Vixie, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>O. Gudmundsson, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>D. Eastlake, 3rd, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and B. Wellington</SPAN
>, <I
>Secret Key Transaction Authentication for <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> (TSIG)</I
>, May 2000.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><H1
CLASS="bibliodiv"
><A
NAME="AEN4719"
>Proposed Standards Still Under Development</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4724"
></A
><P
>[RFC1886]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>S. Thomson </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and C. Huitema</SPAN
>, <I
><SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Extensions to support IP version 6</I
>, December 1995.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4736"
></A
><P
>[RFC2065]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>D. Eastlake, 3rd </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and C. Kaufman</SPAN
>, <I
>Domain Name System Security Extensions</I
>, January 1997.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4748"
></A
><P
>[RFC2137]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>D. Eastlake, 3rd</SPAN
>, <I
>Secure Domain Name System Dynamic Update</I
>, April 1997.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><H1
CLASS="bibliodiv"
><A
NAME="AEN4756"
>Other Important RFCs About <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Implementation</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4759"
></A
><P
>[RFC1535]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>E. Gavron</SPAN
>, <I
>A Security Problem and Proposed Correction With Widely Deployed <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Software.</I
>, October 1993.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4767"
></A
><P
>[RFC1536]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>A. Kumar, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>J. Postel, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>C. Neuman, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>P. Danzig, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and S. Miller</SPAN
>, <I
>Common <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Implementation Errors and Suggested Fixes</I
>, October 1993.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4788"
></A
><P
>[RFC1982]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>R. Elz </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and R. Bush</SPAN
>, <I
>Serial Number Arithmetic</I
>, August 1996.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><H1
CLASS="bibliodiv"
><A
NAME="AEN4799"
>Resource Record Types</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4801"
></A
><P
>[RFC1183]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>C.F. Everhart, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>L. A. Mamakos, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>R. Ullmann, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and P. Mockapetris</SPAN
>, <I
>New <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> RR Definitions</I
>, October 1990.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4819"
></A
><P
>[RFC1706]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>B. Manning </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and R. Colella</SPAN
>, <I
><SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> NSAP Resource Records</I
>, October 1994.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4831"
></A
><P
>[RFC2168]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>R. Daniel </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and M. Mealling</SPAN
>, <I
>Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using
the Domain Name System</I
>, June 1997.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4842"
></A
><P
>[RFC1876]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>C. Davis, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>P. Vixie, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>T., </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and I. Dickinson</SPAN
>, <I
>A Means for Expressing Location Information in the Domain
Name System</I
>, January 1996.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4859"
></A
><P
>[RFC2052]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>A. Gulbrandsen </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and P. Vixie</SPAN
>, <I
>A <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> RR for Specifying the Location of
Services.</I
>, October 1996.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4871"
></A
><P
>[RFC2163]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>A. Allocchio</SPAN
>, <I
>Using the Internet <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> to Distribute MIXER
Conformant Global Address Mapping</I
>, January 1998.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4879"
></A
><P
>[RFC2230]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>R. Atkinson</SPAN
>, <I
>Key Exchange Delegation Record for the <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
></I
>, October 1997.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><H1
CLASS="bibliodiv"
><A
NAME="AEN4887"
><SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> and the Internet</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4890"
></A
><P
>[RFC1101]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>P. V. Mockapetris</SPAN
>, <I
><SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Encoding of Network Names and Other Types</I
>, April 1989.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4898"
></A
><P
>[RFC1123]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>Braden</SPAN
>, <I
>Requirements for Internet Hosts - Application and Support</I
>, October 1989.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4905"
></A
><P
>[RFC1591]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>J. Postel</SPAN
>, <I
>Domain Name System Structure and Delegation</I
>, March 1994.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4912"
></A
><P
>[RFC2317]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>H. Eidnes, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>G. de Groot, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and P. Vixie</SPAN
>, <I
>Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA Delegation</I
>, March 1998.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><H1
CLASS="bibliodiv"
><A
NAME="AEN4926"
><SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Operations</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4929"
></A
><P
>[RFC1537]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>P. Beertema</SPAN
>, <I
>Common <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Data File Configuration Errors</I
>, October 1993.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4937"
></A
><P
>[RFC1912]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>D. Barr</SPAN
>, <I
>Common <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Operational and Configuration Errors</I
>, February 1996.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4945"
></A
><P
>[RFC1912]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>D. Barr</SPAN
>, <I
>Common <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Operational and Configuration Errors</I
>, February 1996.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4953"
></A
><P
>[RFC2010]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>B. Manning </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and P. Vixie</SPAN
>, <I
>Operational Criteria for Root Name Servers.</I
>, October 1996.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4964"
></A
><P
>[RFC2219]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>M. Hamilton </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and R. Wright</SPAN
>, <I
>Use of <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Aliases for Network Services.</I
>, October 1997.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><H1
CLASS="bibliodiv"
><A
NAME="AEN4976"
>Other <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
>-related RFCs</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4982"
></A
><P
>[RFC1464]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>R. Rosenbaum</SPAN
>, <I
>Using the Domain Name System To Store Arbitrary String Attributes</I
>, May 1993.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4989"
></A
><P
>[RFC1713]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>A. Romao</SPAN
>, <I
>Tools for <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Debugging</I
>, November 1994.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN4997"
></A
><P
>[RFC1794]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>T. Brisco</SPAN
>, <I
><SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Support for Load Balancing</I
>, April 1995.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN5005"
></A
><P
>[RFC2240]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>O. Vaughan</SPAN
>, <I
>A Legal Basis for Domain Name Allocation</I
>, November 1997.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN5012"
></A
><P
>[RFC2345]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>J. Klensin, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>T. Wolf, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and G. Oglesby</SPAN
>, <I
>Domain Names and Company Name Retrieval</I
>, May 1998.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN5026"
></A
><P
>[RFC2352]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>O. Vaughan</SPAN
>, <I
>A Convention For Using Legal Names as Domain Names</I
>, May 1998.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><H1
CLASS="bibliodiv"
><A
NAME="AEN5033"
>Obsolete and Unimplemented Experimental RRs</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN5035"
></A
><P
>[RFC1712]&nbsp;<SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>C. Farrell, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>M. Schulze, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>S. Pleitner, </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and D. Baldoni</SPAN
>, <I
><SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> Encoding of Geographical
Location</I
>, November 1994.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="internet_drafts"
>A.3.2. Internet Drafts</A
></H2
><P
>Internet Drafts (IDs) are rough-draft working documents of
the Internet Engineering Task Force. They are, in essence, RFCs
in the preliminary stages of development. Implementors are cautioned not
to regard IDs as archival, and they should not be quoted or cited
in any formal documents unless accompanied by the disclaimer that
they are "works in progress." IDs have a lifespan of six months
after which they are deleted unless updated by their authors.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="AEN5056"
>A.3.3. Other Documents About <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>BIND</SPAN
></A
></H2
><P
></P
><H3
><A
NAME="AEN5060"
>Bibliography</A
></H3
><DIV
CLASS="biblioentry"
><A
NAME="AEN5061"
></A
><P
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>Paul Albitz </SPAN
><SPAN
CLASS="AUTHOR"
>and Cricket Liu</SPAN
>, <I
><SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>DNS</SPAN
> and <SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>BIND</SPAN
></I
>, 1998.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left=0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
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