Bv9ARM.ch09.html revision 8cccaeaee13993c49009d3915806c1d0bd03743b
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Appendices</TITLE
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="GENERATOR"
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174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncTITLE="BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncREL="PREVIOUS"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncTITLE="Troubleshooting"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="appendix"
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174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</TH
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="left"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="bottom"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="center"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="bottom"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="right"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="bottom"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="appendix"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Appendix A. Appendices</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Table of Contents</B
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Acknowledgements</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncHREF="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#historical_dns_information"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Historical <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> Information</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>General <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> Reference Information</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncHREF="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#bibliography"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Bibliography (and Suggested Reading)</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect1"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect1"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="AEN4216"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>A.1. Acknowledgements</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect2"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect2"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="AEN4218"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>A.1.1. A Brief History of the <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Although the "official" beginning of the Domain Name
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync System occurred in 1984 with the publication of RFC 920, the
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync core of the new system was described in 1983 in RFCs 882 and
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync 883. From 1984 to 1987, the ARPAnet (the precursor to today's
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync Internet) became a testbed of experimentation for developing the
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync new naming/addressing scheme in an rapidly expanding,
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync operational network environment. New RFCs were written and
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync published in 1987 that modified the original documents to
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync incorporate improvements based on the working model. RFC 1034,
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync "Domain Names-Concepts and Facilities," and RFC 1035, "Domain
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync Names-Implementation and Specification" were published and
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync became the standards upon which all <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> implementations are
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>The first working domain name server, called "Jeeves," was
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncwritten in 1983-84 by Paul Mockapetris for operation on DEC Tops-20
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncmachines located at the University of Southern California's Information
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncSciences Institute (USC-ISI) and SRI International's Network Information
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCenter (SRI-NIC). A <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> server for Unix machines, the Berkeley Internet
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncName Domain (<SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>) package, was written soon after by a group of
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncgraduate students at the University of California at Berkeley under
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsynca grant from the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Administration
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync(DARPA). Versions of <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> through 4.8.3 were maintained by the Computer
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncSystems Research Group (CSRG) at UC Berkeley. Douglas Terry, Mark
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncPainter, David Riggle and Songnian Zhou made up the initial <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncproject team. After that, additional work on the software package
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncwas done by Ralph Campbell. Kevin Dunlap, a Digital Equipment Corporation
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncemployee on loan to the CSRG, worked on <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> for 2 years, from 1985
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncto 1987. Many other people also contributed to <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> development
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncduring that time: Doug Kingston, Craig Partridge, Smoot Carl-Mitchell,
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncMike Muuss, Jim Bloom and Mike Schwartz. <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> maintenance was subsequently
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsynchandled by Mike Karels and O. Kure.</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> versions 4.9 and 4.9.1 were released by Digital Equipment
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCorporation (now Compaq Computer Corporation). Paul Vixie, then
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsynca DEC employee, became <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>'s primary caretaker. Paul was assisted
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncby Phil Almquist, Robert Elz, Alan Barrett, Paul Albitz, Bryan Beecher, Andrew
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncPartan, Andy Cherenson, Tom Limoncelli, Berthold Paffrath, Fuat
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncBaran, Anant Kumar, Art Harkin, Win Treese, Don Lewis, Christophe
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncWolfhugel, and others.</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> Version 4.9.2 was sponsored by Vixie Enterprises. Paul
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVixie became <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> versions from 4.9.3 onward have been developed and maintained
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncby the Internet Software Consortium with support being provided
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncby ISC's sponsors. As co-architects/programmers, Bob Halley and
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncPaul Vixie released the first production-ready version of <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync8 in May 1997.</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> development work is made possible today by the sponsorship
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncof several corporations, and by the tireless work efforts of numerous
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncindividuals.</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect1"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect1"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="historical_dns_information"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>A.2. Historical <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> Information</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect2"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect2"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="classes_of_resource_records"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>A.2.1. Classes of Resource Records</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect3"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect3"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="AEN4248"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>A.2.1.1. HS = hesiod</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="optional"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>hesiod</SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>] class is an information service
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncdeveloped by MIT's Project Athena. It is used to share information
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncabout various systems databases, such as users, groups, printers
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncand so on. The keyword <B
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="command"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> is a synonym for
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect3"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect3"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="AEN4253"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>A.2.1.2. CH = chaos</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="command"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> class is used to specify zone
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncdata for the MIT-developed CHAOSnet, a LAN protocol created in the
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncmid-1970s.</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect1"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect1"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="AEN4257"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>A.3. General <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> Reference Information</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect2"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect2"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="ipv6addresses"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>A.3.1. IPv6 addresses (A6)</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>IPv6 addresses are 128-bit identifiers for interfaces and
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncsets of interfaces which were introduced in the <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> to facilitate
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncscalable Internet routing. There are three types of addresses: <I
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="emphasis"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncan identifier for a single interface; <I
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="emphasis"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncan identifier for a set of interfaces; and <I
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="emphasis"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Multicast</I
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncan identifier for a set of interfaces. Here we describe the global
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncUnicast address scheme. For more information, see RFC 2374.</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>The aggregatable global Unicast address format is as follows:</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="informaltable"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="AEN4268"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCELLPADDING="3"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="CALSTABLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Interface ID</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync><------ Public Topology
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync------></P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync><-Site Topology-></P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync><------ Interface Identifier ------></P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="informaltable"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="AEN4337"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCELLPADDING="3"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="CALSTABLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Format Prefix (001)</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Top-Level Aggregation Identifier</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Reserved for future use</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Next-Level Aggregation Identifier</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Site-Level Aggregation Identifier</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>INTERFACE ID</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Interface Identifier</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="emphasis"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Public Topology</I
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> is provided by the
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncupstream provider or ISP, and (roughly) corresponds to the IPv4 <I
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="emphasis"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncof the address range. The <I
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="emphasis"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Site Topology</I
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncwhere you can subnet this space, much the same as subnetting an
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncIPv4 /16 network into /24 subnets. The <I
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="emphasis"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Interface Identifier</I
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncthe address of an individual interface on a given network. (With
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncIPv6, addresses belong to interfaces rather than machines.)</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>The subnetting capability of IPv6 is much more flexible than
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncthat of IPv4: subnetting can now be carried out on bit boundaries,
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncin much the same way as Classless InterDomain Routing (CIDR).</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>The internal structure of the Public Topology for an A6 global
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncunicast address consists of:</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="informaltable"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="AEN4392"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCELLPADDING="3"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="CALSTABLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncALIGN="LEFT"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncVALIGN="MIDDLE"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>A 3 bit FP (Format Prefix) of 001 indicates this is a global
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncUnicast address. FP lengths for other types of addresses may vary.</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>13 TLA (Top Level Aggregator) bits give the prefix of your
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsynctop-level IP backbone carrier.</P
e95cc69731ec79cf167e6167808e1c9b275ea007vboxsync>8 Reserved bits</P
e95cc69731ec79cf167e6167808e1c9b275ea007vboxsync>24 bits for Next Level Aggregators. This allows organizations
e95cc69731ec79cf167e6167808e1c9b275ea007vboxsyncwith a TLA to hand out portions of their IP space to client organizations,
e95cc69731ec79cf167e6167808e1c9b275ea007vboxsyncso that the client can then split up the network further by filling
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncin more NLA bits, and hand out IPv6 prefixes to their clients, and
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncso forth.</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>There is no particular structure for the Site topology section.
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncOrganizations can allocate these bits in any way they desire.</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>The Interface Identifier must be unique on that network. On
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncethernet networks, one way to ensure this is to set the address
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncto the first three bytes of the hardware address, "FFFE", then the
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsynclast three bytes of the hardware address. The lowest significant
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncbit of the first byte should then be complemented. Addresses are
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncwritten as 32-bit blocks separated with a colon, and leading zeros
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncof a block may be omitted, for example:</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="command"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>3ffe:8050:201:9:a00:20ff:fe81:2b32</B
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>IPv6 address specifications are likely to contain long strings
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncof zeros, so the architects have included a shorthand for specifying
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncthem. The double colon (`::') indicates the longest possible string
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncof zeros that can fit, and can be used only once in an address.</P
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect1"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect1"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="bibliography"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>A.4. Bibliography (and Suggested Reading)</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect2"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="sect2"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>A.4.1. Request for Comments (RFCs)</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Specification documents for the Internet protocol suite, including
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="acronym"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>, are published as part of the Request for Comments (RFCs)
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncseries of technical notes. The standards themselves are defined
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncby the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet Engineering
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncSteering Group (IESG). RFCs can be obtained online via FTP at
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncTARGET="_top"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="replaceable"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync> (where <TT
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="replaceable"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncthe number of the RFC). RFCs are also available via the Web at
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncTARGET="_top"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="AEN4436"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Bibliography</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="bibliodiv"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="AEN4437"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Standards</A
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="biblioentry"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncNAME="AEN4439"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>[RFC974] <SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsyncCLASS="AUTHOR"
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>C. Partridge</SPAN
174f3dff60f96d89b320f9a322307118676db1dbvboxsync>Mail Routing and the Domain System</I
HREF="Bv9ARM.ch08.html"
HREF="Bv9ARM.html"