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0c27b3fe77ac1d5094ba3521e8142d9e7973133fMark Andrews - Copyright (C) 2004-2015 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.
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268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<title>Appendix�A.�Release Notes</title>
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268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<hr>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein</div>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<div class="appendix">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<a name="Bv9ARM.ch09"></a>Release Notes</h1></div></div></div>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<div class="toc">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<dl class="toc">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id-1.10.2"></a></span></dt>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson<dd><dl>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_intro">Introduction</a></span></dt>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_download">Download</a></span></dt>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_security">Security Fixes</a></span></dt>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_features">New Features</a></span></dt>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_changes">Feature Changes</a></span></dt>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_port">Porting Changes</a></span></dt>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_bugs">Bug Fixes</a></span></dt>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#end_of_life">End of Life</a></span></dt>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#relnotes_thanks">Thank You</a></span></dt>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein</dl></dd>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson</dl>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson</div>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<div class="section">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"></div>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<span style="color: red">&lt;title&gt;Release Notes for BIND Version 9.11.0pre-alpha&lt;/title&gt;</span><div class="section">
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<a name="relnotes_intro"></a>Introduction</h3></div></div></div>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson<p>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson This document summarizes changes since the last production release
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein of BIND on the corresponding major release branch.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein</div>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<div class="section">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson<a name="relnotes_download"></a>Download</h3></div></div></div>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson The latest versions of BIND 9 software can always be found at
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <a class="link" href="http://www.isc.org/downloads/" target="_top">http://www.isc.org/downloads/</a>.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein There you will find additional information about each release,
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein source code, and pre-compiled versions for Microsoft Windows
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein operating systems.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein</div>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<div class="section">
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<a name="relnotes_security"></a>Security Fixes</h3></div></div></div>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<li class="listitem"><p>
30eec077db2bdcb6f2a0dc388a3cdde2ede75ec1Mark Andrews An incorrect boundary check in the OPENPGPKEY rdatatype
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein could trigger an assertion failure. This flaw is disclosed
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein in CVE-2015-5986. [RT #40286]
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p></li>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<li class="listitem">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein A buffer accounting error could trigger an assertion failure
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein when parsing certain malformed DNSSEC keys.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein This flaw was discovered by Hanno B�ck of the Fuzzing
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Project, and is disclosed in CVE-2015-5722. [RT #40212]
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein</li>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<li class="listitem">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein A specially crafted query could trigger an assertion failure
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein in message.c.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein This flaw was discovered by Jonathan Foote, and is disclosed
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein in CVE-2015-5477. [RT #40046]
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein</li>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<li class="listitem">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein On servers configured to perform DNSSEC validation, an
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein assertion failure could be triggered on answers from
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein a specially configured server.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein This flaw was discovered by Breno Silveira Soares, and is
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein disclosed in CVE-2015-4620. [RT #39795]
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson</li>
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson<li class="listitem">
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson<p>
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson On servers configured to perform DNSSEC validation using
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson managed trust anchors (i.e., keys configured explicitly
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson via <span class="command"><strong>managed-keys</strong></span>, or implicitly
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson via <span class="command"><strong>dnssec-validation auto;</strong></span> or
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson <span class="command"><strong>dnssec-lookaside auto;</strong></span>), revoking
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson a trust anchor and sending a new untrusted replacement
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson could cause <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> to crash with an
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson assertion failure. This could occur in the event of a
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson botched key rollover, or potentially as a result of a
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein deliberate attack if the attacker was in position to
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein monitor the victim's DNS traffic.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein This flaw was discovered by Jan-Piet Mens, and is
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein disclosed in CVE-2015-1349. [RT #38344]
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein</li>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<li class="listitem">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein A flaw in delegation handling could be exploited to put
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> into an infinite loop, in which
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein each lookup of a name server triggered additional lookups
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein of more name servers. This has been addressed by placing
821350367e2c7313c02eb275e8e05d5193b47cfdJeremy C. Reed limits on the number of levels of recursion
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> will allow (default 7), and
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein on the number of queries that it will send before
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein terminating a recursive query (default 50).
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein The recursion depth limit is configured via the
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <code class="option">max-recursion-depth</code> option, and the query limit
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein via the <code class="option">max-recursion-queries</code> option.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein The flaw was discovered by Florian Maury of ANSSI, and is
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein disclosed in CVE-2014-8500. [RT #37580]
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein</li>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<li class="listitem">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Two separate problems were identified in BIND's GeoIP code that
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein could lead to an assertion failure. One was triggered by use of
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein both IPv4 and IPv6 address families, the other by referencing
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein a GeoIP database in <code class="filename">named.conf</code> which was
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein not installed. Both are covered by CVE-2014-8680. [RT #37672]
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein [RT #37679]
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt A less serious security flaw was also found in GeoIP: changes
30eec077db2bdcb6f2a0dc388a3cdde2ede75ec1Mark Andrews to the <span class="command"><strong>geoip-directory</strong></span> option in
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <code class="filename">named.conf</code> were ignored when running
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <span class="command"><strong>rndc reconfig</strong></span>. In theory, this could allow
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> to allow access to unintended clients.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein</li>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein</ul></div>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein</div>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<div class="section">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<a name="relnotes_features"></a>New Features</h3></div></div></div>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<li class="listitem">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Added support for DynDB, a new interface for loading zone data
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein from an external database, developed by Red Hat for the FreeIPA
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein project. (Thanks in particular to Adam Tkac and Petr
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Spacek of Red Hat for the contribution.)
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Unlike the existing DLZ and SDB interfaces, which provide a
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein limited subset of database functionality within BIND &#8212;
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein translating DNS queries into real-time database lookups with
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein relatively poor performance and with no ability to handle
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein DNSSEC-signed data &#8212; DynDB is able to fully implement
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein and extend the database API used natively by BIND.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein A DynDB module could pre-load data from an external data
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein source, then serve it with the same performance and
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein functionality as conventional BIND zones, and with the
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein ability to take advantage of database features not
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein available in BIND, such as multi-master replication.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein</li>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<li class="listitem">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein New quotas have been added to limit the queries that are
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein sent by recursive resolvers to authoritative servers
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt experiencing denial-of-service attacks. When configured,
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt these options can both reduce the harm done to authoritative
30eec077db2bdcb6f2a0dc388a3cdde2ede75ec1Mark Andrews servers and also avoid the resource exhaustion that can be
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein experienced by recursives when they are being used as a
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein vehicle for such an attack.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein<li class="listitem"><p>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <code class="option">fetches-per-server</code> limits the number of
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein simultaneous queries that can be sent to any single
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein authoritative server. The configured value is a starting
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein point; it is automatically adjusted downward if the server is
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt partially or completely non-responsive. The algorithm used to
14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt adjust the quota can be configured via the
<code class="option">fetch-quota-params</code> option.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<code class="option">fetches-per-zone</code> limits the number of
simultaneous queries that can be sent for names within a
single domain. (Note: Unlike "fetches-per-server", this
value is not self-tuning.)
</p></li>
</ul></div>
<p>
Statistics counters have also been added to track the number
of queries affected by these quotas.
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>
Added support for <span class="command"><strong>dnstap</strong></span>, a fast,
flexible method for capturing and logging DNS traffic,
developed by Robert Edmonds at Farsight Security, Inc.,
whose assistance is gratefully acknowledged.
</p>
<p>
To enable <span class="command"><strong>dnstap</strong></span> at compile time,
the <span class="command"><strong>fstrm</strong></span> and <span class="command"><strong>protobuf-c</strong></span>
libraries must be available, and BIND must be configured with
<code class="option">--enable-dnstap</code>.
</p>
<p>
A new utility <span class="command"><strong>dnstap-read</strong></span> has been added
to allow <span class="command"><strong>dnstap</strong></span> data to be presented in
a human-readable format.
</p>
<p>
For more information on <span class="command"><strong>dnstap</strong></span>, see
<a class="link" href="http://dnstap.info" target="_top">http://dnstap.info</a>.
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
New statistics counters have been added to track traffic
sizes, as specified in RSSAC002. Query and response
message sizes are broken up into ranges of histogram buckets:
TCP and UDP queries of size 0-15, 16-31, ..., 272-288, and 288+,
and TCP and UDP responses of size 0-15, 16-31, ..., 4080-4095,
and 4096+. These values can be accessed via the XML and JSON
statistics channels at, for example,
<a class="link" href="http://localhost:8888/xml/v3/traffic" target="_top">http://localhost:8888/xml/v3/traffic</a>
or
<a class="link" href="http://localhost:8888/json/v1/traffic" target="_top">http://localhost:8888/json/v1/traffic</a>.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The serial number of a dynamically updatable zone can
now be set using
<span class="command"><strong>rndc signing -serial <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>zonename</code></em></strong></span>.
This is particularly useful with <code class="option">inline-signing</code>
zones that have been reset. Setting the serial number to a value
larger than that on the slaves will trigger an AXFR-style
transfer.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
When answering recursive queries, SERVFAIL responses can now be
cached by the server for a limited time; subsequent queries for
the same query name and type will return another SERVFAIL until
the cache times out. This reduces the frequency of retries
when a query is persistently failing, which can be a burden
on recursive serviers. The SERVFAIL cache timeout is controlled
by <code class="option">servfail-ttl</code>, which defaults to 10 seconds
and has an upper limit of 30.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The new <span class="command"><strong>rndc nta</strong></span> command can now be used to
set a "negative trust anchor" (NTA), disabling DNSSEC validation for
a specific domain; this can be used when responses from a domain
are known to be failing validation due to administrative error
rather than because of a spoofing attack. NTAs are strictly
temporary; by default they expire after one hour, but can be
configured to last up to one week. The default NTA lifetime
can be changed by setting the <code class="option">nta-lifetime</code> in
<code class="filename">named.conf</code>. When added, NTAs are stored in a
file (<code class="filename"><em class="replaceable"><code>viewname</code></em>.nta</code>)
in order to persist across restarts of the <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> server.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The EDNS Client Subnet (ECS) option is now supported for
authoritative servers; if a query contains an ECS option then
ACLs containing <code class="option">geoip</code> or <code class="option">ecs</code>
elements can match against the the address encoded in the option.
This can be used to select a view for a query, so that different
answers can be provided depending on the client network.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The EDNS EXPIRE option has been implemented on the client
side, allowing a slave server to set the expiration timer
correctly when transferring zone data from another slave
server.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
A new <code class="option">masterfile-style</code> zone option controls
the formatting of text zone files: When set to
<code class="literal">full</code>, the zone file will dumped in
single-line-per-record format.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>dig +ednsopt</strong></span> can now be used to set
arbitrary EDNS options in DNS requests.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>dig +ednsflags</strong></span> can now be used to set
yet-to-be-defined EDNS flags in DNS requests.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>dig +[no]ednsnegotiation</strong></span> can now be used enable /
disable EDNS version negotiation.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>dig +header-only</strong></span> can now be used to send
queries without a question section.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>dig +ttlunits</strong></span> causes <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>
to print TTL values with time-unit suffixes: w, d, h, m, s for
weeks, days, hours, minutes, and seconds.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>dig +zflag</strong></span> can be used to set the last
unassigned DNS header flag bit. This bit in normally zero.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>dig +dscp=<em class="replaceable"><code>value</code></em></strong></span>
can now be used to set the DSCP code point in outgoing query
packets.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<code class="option">serial-update-method</code> can now be set to
<code class="literal">date</code>. On update, the serial number will
be set to the current date in YYYYMMDDNN format.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>dnssec-signzone -N date</strong></span> also sets the serial
number to YYYYMMDDNN.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>named -L <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></strong></span>
causes <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> to send log messages to the specified file by
default instead of to the system log.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The rate limiter configured by the
<code class="option">serial-query-rate</code> option no longer covers
NOTIFY messages; those are now separately controlled by
<code class="option">notify-rate</code> and
<code class="option">startup-notify-rate</code> (the latter of which
controls the rate of NOTIFY messages sent when the server
is first started up or reconfigured).
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The default number of tasks and client objects available
for serving lightweight resolver queries have been increased,
and are now configurable via the new <code class="option">lwres-tasks</code>
and <code class="option">lwres-clients</code> options in
<code class="filename">named.conf</code>. [RT #35857]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Log output to files can now be buffered by specifying
<span class="command"><strong>buffered yes;</strong></span> when creating a channel.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>delv +tcp</strong></span> will exclusively use TCP when
sending queries.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> will now check to see whether
other name server processes are running before starting up.
This is implemented in two ways: 1) by refusing to start
if the configured network interfaces all return "address
in use", and 2) by attempting to acquire a lock on a file
specified by the <code class="option">lock-file</code> option or
the <span class="command"><strong>-X</strong></span> command line option. The
default lock file is
<code class="filename">/var/run/named/named.lock</code>.
Specifying <code class="literal">none</code> will disable the lock
file check.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>rndc delzone</strong></span> can now be applied to zones
which were configured in <code class="filename">named.conf</code>;
it is no longer restricted to zones which were added by
<span class="command"><strong>rndc addzone</strong></span>. (Note, however, that
this does not edit <code class="filename">named.conf</code>; the zone
must be removed from the configuration or it will return
when <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> is restarted or reloaded.)
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>rndc modzone</strong></span> can be used to reconfigure
a zone, using similar syntax to <span class="command"><strong>rndc addzone</strong></span>.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>rndc showzone</strong></span> displays the current
configuration for a specified zone.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>
Added server-side support for pipelined TCP queries. Clients
may continue sending queries via TCP while previous queries are
processed in parallel. Responses are sent when they are
ready, not necessarily in the order in which the queries were
received.
</p>
<p>
To revert to the former behavior for a particular
client address or range of addresses, specify the address prefix
in the "keep-response-order" option. To revert to the former
behavior for all clients, use "keep-response-order { any; };".
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The new <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> command is a version of
<span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> that sends multiple pipelined
queries and then waits for responses, instead of sending one
query and waiting the response before sending the next. [RT #38261]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
To enable better monitoring and troubleshooting of RFC 5011
trust anchor management, the new <span class="command"><strong>rndc managed-keys</strong></span>
can be used to check status of trust anchors or to force keys
to be refreshed. Also, the managed-keys data file now has
easier-to-read comments. [RT #38458]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
An <span class="command"><strong>--enable-querytrace</strong></span> configure switch is
now available to enable very verbose query tracelogging. This
option can only be set at compile time. This option has a
negative performance impact and should be used only for
debugging. [RT #37520]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
A new <span class="command"><strong>tcp-only</strong></span> option can be specified
in <span class="command"><strong>server</strong></span> statements to force
<span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> to connect to the specified
server via TCP. [RT #37800]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The <span class="command"><strong>nxdomain-redirect</strong></span> option specifies
a DNS namespace to use for NXDOMAIN redirection. When a
recursive lookup returns NXDOMAIN, a second lookup is
initiated with the specified name appended to the query
name. This allows NXDOMAIN redirection data to be supplied
by multiple zones configured on the server or by recursive
queries to other servers. (The older method, using
a single <span class="command"><strong>type redirect</strong></span> zone, has
better average performance but is less flexible.) [RT #37989]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The following types have been implemented: CSYNC, NINFO, RKEY,
SINK, TA, TALINK.
</p></li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="relnotes_changes"></a>Feature Changes</h3></div></div></div>
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
<li class="listitem"><p>
ACLs containing <span class="command"><strong>geoip asnum</strong></span> elements were
not correctly matched unless the full organization name was
specified in the ACL (as in
<span class="command"><strong>geoip asnum "AS1234 Example, Inc.";</strong></span>).
They can now match against the AS number alone (as in
<span class="command"><strong>geoip asnum "AS1234";</strong></span>).
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
When using native PKCS#11 cryptography (i.e.,
<span class="command"><strong>configure --enable-native-pkcs11</strong></span>) HSM PINs
of up to 256 characters can now be used.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
NXDOMAIN responses to queries of type DS are now cached separately
from those for other types. This helps when using "grafted" zones
of type forward, for which the parent zone does not contain a
delegation, such as local top-level domains. Previously a query
of type DS for such a zone could cause the zone apex to be cached
as NXDOMAIN, blocking all subsequent queries. (Note: This
change is only helpful when DNSSEC validation is not enabled.
"Grafted" zones without a delegation in the parent are not a
recommended configuration.)
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Update forwarding performance has been improved by allowing
a single TCP connection to be shared between multiple updates.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
By default, <span class="command"><strong>nsupdate</strong></span> will now check
the correctness of hostnames when adding records of type
A, AAAA, MX, SOA, NS, SRV or PTR. This behavior can be
disabled with <span class="command"><strong>check-names no</strong></span>.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Added support for OPENPGPKEY type.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The names of the files used to store managed keys and added
zones for each view are no longer based on the SHA256 hash
of the view name, except when this is necessary because the
view name contains characters that would be incompatible with use
as a file name. For views whose names do not contain forward
slashes ('/'), backslashes ('\'), or capital letters - which
could potentially cause namespace collision problems on
case-insensitive filesystems - files will now be named
after the view (for example, <code class="filename">internal.mkeys</code>
or <code class="filename">external.nzf</code>). However, to ensure
consistent behavior when upgrading, if a file using the old
name format is found to exist, it will continue to be used.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
"rndc" can now return text output of arbitrary size to
the caller. (Prior to this, certain commands such as
"rndc tsig-list" and "rndc zonestatus" could return
truncated output.)
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Errors reported when running <span class="command"><strong>rndc addzone</strong></span>
(e.g., when a zone file cannot be loaded) have been clarified
to make it easier to diagnose problems.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
When encountering an authoritative name server whose name is
an alias pointing to another name, the resolver treats
this as an error and skips to the next server. Previously
this happened silently; now the error will be logged to
the newly-created "cname" log category.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
If <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> is not configured to validate the answer then
allow fallback to plain DNS on timeout even when we know
the server supports EDNS. This will allow the server to
potentially resolve signed queries when TCP is being
blocked.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Large inline-signing changes should be less disruptive.
Signature generation is now done incrementally; the number
of signatures to be generated in each quantum is controlled
by "sig-signing-signatures <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>;".
[RT #37927]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>
The experimental SIT option (code point 65001) of BIND
9.10.0 through BIND 9.10.2 has been replaced with the COOKIE
option (code point 10). It is no longer experimental, and
is sent by default, by both <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> and
<span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>.
</p>
<p>
The SIT-related named.conf options have been marked as
obsolete, and are otherwise ignored.
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
When <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> receives a truncated (TC=1)
response or a BADCOOKIE response code from a server, it
will automatically retry the query using the server COOKIE
that was returned by the server in its initial response.
[RT #39047]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
A alternative NXDOMAIN redirect method (nxdomain-redirect)
which allows the redirect information to be looked up from
a namespace on the Internet rather than requiring a zone
to be configured on the server is now available.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Retrieving the local port range from net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range
on Linux is now supported.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Within the <code class="option">response-policy</code> option, it is now
possible to configure RPZ rewrite logging on a per-zone basis
using the <code class="option">log</code> clause.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The default preferred glue is now the address type of the
transport the query was received over.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
On machines with 2 or more processors (CPU), the default value
for the number of UDP listeners has been changed to the number
of detected processors minus one.
</p></li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="relnotes_port"></a>Porting Changes</h3></div></div></div>
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
The Microsoft Windows install tool
<span class="command"><strong>BINDInstall.exe</strong></span> which requires a
non-free version of Visual Studio to be built, now uses two
files (lists of flags and files) created by the Configure
perl script with all the needed information which were
previously compiled in the binary. Read
<code class="filename">win32utils/build.txt</code> for more details.
[RT #38915]
</p></li></ul></div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="relnotes_bugs"></a>Bug Fixes</h3></div></div></div>
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
<li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>, <span class="command"><strong>host</strong></span> and
<span class="command"><strong>nslookup</strong></span> aborted when encountering
a name which, after appending search list elements,
exceeded 255 bytes. Such names are now skipped, but
processing of other names will continue. [RT #36892]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The error message generated when
<span class="command"><strong>named-checkzone</strong></span> or
<span class="command"><strong>named-checkconf -z</strong></span> encounters a
<code class="option">$TTL</code> directive without a value has
been clarified. [RT #37138]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Semicolon characters (;) included in TXT records were
incorrectly escaped with a backslash when the record was
displayed as text. This is actually only necessary when there
are no quotation marks. [RT #37159]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
When files opened for writing by <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span>,
such as zone journal files, were referenced more than once
in <code class="filename">named.conf</code>, it could lead to file
corruption as multiple threads wrote to the same file. This
is now detected when loading <code class="filename">named.conf</code>
and reported as an error. [RT #37172]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
When checking for updates to trust anchors listed in
<code class="option">managed-keys</code>, <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span>
now revalidates keys based on the current set of
active trust anchors, without relying on any cached
record of previous validation. [RT #37506]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Large-system tuning
(<span class="command"><strong>configure --with-tuning=large</strong></span>) caused
problems on some platforms by setting a socket receive
buffer size that was too large. This is now detected and
corrected at run time. [RT #37187]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
When NXDOMAIN redirection is in use, queries for a name
that is present in the redirection zone but a type that
is not present will now return NOERROR instead of NXDOMAIN.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Due to an inadvertent removal of code in the previous
release, when <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> encountered an
authoritative name server which dropped all EDNS queries,
it did not always try plain DNS. This has been corrected.
[RT #37965]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
A regression caused nsupdate to use the default recursive servers
rather than the SOA MNAME server when sending the UPDATE.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Adjusted max-recursion-queries to accommodate the smaller
initial packet sizes used in BIND 9.10 and higher when
contacting authoritative servers for the first time.
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Built-in "empty" zones did not correctly inherit the
"allow-transfer" ACL from the options or view. [RT #38310]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Two leaks were fixed that could cause <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span>
processes to grow to very large sizes. [RT #38454]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Fixed some bugs in RFC 5011 trust anchor management,
including a memory leak and a possible loss of state
information. [RT #38458]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Asynchronous zone loads were not handled correctly when the
zone load was already in progress; this could trigger a crash
in zt.c. [RT #37573]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
A race during shutdown or reconfiguration could
cause an assertion failure in mem.c. [RT #38979]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
Some answer formatting options didn't work correctly with
<span class="command"><strong>dig +short</strong></span>. [RT #39291]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>
Several bugs have been fixed in the RPZ implementation:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
<li class="listitem"><p>
Policy zones that did not specifically require recursion
could be treated as if they did; consequently, setting
<span class="command"><strong>qname-wait-recurse no;</strong></span> was
sometimes ineffective. This has been corrected.
In most configurations, behavioral changes due to this
fix will not be noticeable. [RT #39229]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The server could crash if policy zones were updated (e.g.
via <span class="command"><strong>rndc reload</strong></span> or an incoming zone
transfer) while RPZ processing was still ongoing for an
active query. [RT #39415]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
On servers with one or more policy zones configured as
slaves, if a policy zone updated during regular operation
(rather than at startup) using a full zone reload, such as
via AXFR, a bug could allow the RPZ summary data to fall out
of sync, potentially leading to an assertion failure in
rpz.c when further incremental updates were made to the
zone, such as via IXFR. [RT #39567]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The server could match a shorter prefix than what was
available in CLIENT-IP policy triggers, and so, an
unexpected action could be taken. This has been
corrected. [RT #39481]
</p></li>
<li class="listitem"><p>
The server could crash if a reload of an RPZ zone was
initiated while another reload of the same zone was
already in progress. [RT #39649]
</p></li>
</ul></div>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="end_of_life"></a>End of Life</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
The end of life for BIND 9.11 is yet to be determined but
will not be before BIND 9.13.0 has been released for 6 months.
<a class="link" href="https://www.isc.org/downloads/software-support-policy/" target="_top">https://www.isc.org/downloads/software-support-policy/</a>
</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="relnotes_thanks"></a>Thank You</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
Thank you to everyone who assisted us in making this release possible.
If you would like to contribute to ISC to assist us in continuing to
make quality open source software, please visit our donations page at
<a class="link" href="http://www.isc.org/donate/" target="_top">http://www.isc.org/donate/</a>.
</p>
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