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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<title>Chapter�6.�BIND 9 Configuration Reference</title>
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71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter�6.�<span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 Configuration Reference</th></tr>
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="chapter" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title">
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<a name="Bv9ARM.ch06"></a>Chapter�6.�<span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 Configuration Reference</h2></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="toc">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#configuration_file_elements">Configuration File Elements</a></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#address_match_lists">Address Match Lists</a></span></dt>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2554338">Comment Syntax</a></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dl></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#Configuration_File_Grammar">Configuration File Grammar</a></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><dl>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2554882"><span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#acl"><span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage</a></span></dt>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2555140"><span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#controls_statement_definition_and_usage"><span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage</a></span></dt>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2555432"><span><strong class="command">include</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2555447"><span><strong class="command">include</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage</a></span></dt>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2555470"><span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2555492"><span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2555651"><span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2555845"><span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage</a></span></dt>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2557195"><span><strong class="command">lwres</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2557269"><span><strong class="command">lwres</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2557333"><span><strong class="command">masters</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2557445"><span><strong class="command">masters</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage</a></span></dt>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2557460"><span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#options"><span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage</a></span></dt>
98b5a9d1099f72169c90de39712fc4f63e9d990eAutomatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_definition_and_usage"><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Definition and
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews Usage</a></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2565889"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2565938"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and Usage</a></span></dt>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#view_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2566018"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2567395"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dl></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2569676">Zone File</a></span></dt>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater<dd><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#types_of_resource_records_and_when_to_use_them">Types of Resource Records and When to Use Them</a></span></dt>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2571629">Discussion of MX Records</a></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#Setting_TTLs">Setting TTLs</a></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2572317">Inverse Mapping in IPv4</a></span></dt>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2572444">Other Zone File Directives</a></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2572701"><span class="acronym">BIND</span> Master File Extension: the <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</a></span></dt>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zonefile_format">Additional File Formats</a></span></dt>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater</dl></dd>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater</dl>
7208386cd37a2092c70eddf80cf29519b16c4c80Mark Andrews</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 configuration is broadly similar
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater to <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8; however, there are a few new
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein areas
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of configuration, such as views. <span class="acronym">BIND</span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 8 configuration files should work with few alterations in <span class="acronym">BIND</span>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews 9, although more complex configurations should be reviewed to check
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews if they can be more efficiently implemented using the new features
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein found in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9.
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews </p>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 4 configuration files can be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein converted to the new format
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews using the shell script
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename">contrib/named-bootconf/named-bootconf.sh</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<div class="sect1" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="configuration_file_elements"></a>Configuration File Elements</h2></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Following is a list of elements used throughout the <span class="acronym">BIND</span> configuration
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file documentation:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">acl_name</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The name of an <code class="varname">address_match_list</code> as
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein defined by the <span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span> statement.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">address_match_list</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A list of one or more
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">ip_addr</code>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">ip_prefix</code>, <code class="varname">key_id</code>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein or <code class="varname">acl_name</code> elements, see
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#address_match_lists" title="Address Match Lists">the section called &#8220;Address Match Lists&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">masters_list</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews A named list of one or more <code class="varname">ip_addr</code>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews with optional <code class="varname">key_id</code> and/or
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <code class="varname">ip_port</code>.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews A <code class="varname">masters_list</code> may include other
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <code class="varname">masters_lists</code>.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <code class="varname">domain_name</code>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A quoted string which will be used as
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a DNS name, for example "<code class="literal">my.test.domain</code>".
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">dotted_decimal</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein One to four integers valued 0 through
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 255 separated by dots (`.'), such as <span><strong class="command">123</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">45.67</strong></span> or <span><strong class="command">89.123.45.67</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">ip4_addr</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein An IPv4 address with exactly four elements
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in <code class="varname">dotted_decimal</code> notation.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">ip6_addr</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein An IPv6 address, such as <span><strong class="command">2001:db8::1234</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein IPv6 scoped addresses that have ambiguity on their scope
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zones must be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein disambiguated by an appropriate zone ID with the percent
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein character
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (`%') as delimiter.
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews It is strongly recommended to use string zone names rather
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews than
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews numeric identifiers, in order to be robust against system
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews configuration changes.
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews However, since there is no standard mapping for such names
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews and
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews identifier values, currently only interface names as link
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews identifiers
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews are supported, assuming one-to-one mapping between
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein interfaces and links.
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews For example, a link-local address <span><strong class="command">fe80::1</strong></span> on the
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews link attached to the interface <span><strong class="command">ne0</strong></span>
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews can be specified as <span><strong class="command">fe80::1%ne0</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Note that on most systems link-local addresses always have
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews the
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews ambiguity, and need to be disambiguated.
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">ip_addr</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein An <code class="varname">ip4_addr</code> or <code class="varname">ip6_addr</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">ip_port</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein An IP port <code class="varname">number</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">number</code> is limited to 0
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews through 65535, with values
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein below 1024 typically restricted to use by processes running
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein as root.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In some cases, an asterisk (`*') character can be used as a
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews placeholder to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein select a random high-numbered port.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">ip_prefix</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein An IP network specified as an <code class="varname">ip_addr</code>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein followed by a slash (`/') and then the number of bits in the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein netmask.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Trailing zeros in a <code class="varname">ip_addr</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein may omitted.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For example, <span><strong class="command">127/8</strong></span> is the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein network <span><strong class="command">127.0.0.0</strong></span> with
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein netmask <span><strong class="command">255.0.0.0</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">1.2.3.0/28</strong></span> is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein network <span><strong class="command">1.2.3.0</strong></span> with netmask <span><strong class="command">255.255.255.240</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews</tr>
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews<tr>
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews<td>
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews <p>
ceeb18e6907a10547859faa340ecad83bedae90cMark Andrews <code class="varname">key_id</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A <code class="varname">domain_name</code> representing
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the name of a shared key, to be used for transaction
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein security.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">key_list</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A list of one or more
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">key_id</code>s,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein separated by semicolons and ending with a semicolon.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">number</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A non-negative 32-bit integer
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (i.e., a number between 0 and 4294967295, inclusive).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Its acceptable value might further
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein be limited by the context in which it is used.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">path_name</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A quoted string which will be used as
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a pathname, such as <code class="filename">zones/master/my.test.domain</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">size_spec</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A number, the word <strong class="userinput"><code>unlimited</code></strong>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein or the word <strong class="userinput"><code>default</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein An <code class="varname">unlimited</code> <code class="varname">size_spec</code> requests unlimited
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein use, or the maximum available amount. A <code class="varname">default size_spec</code> uses
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the limit that was in force when the server was started.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews A <code class="varname">number</code> can optionally be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein followed by a scaling factor:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <strong class="userinput"><code>K</code></strong> or <strong class="userinput"><code>k</code></strong>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for kilobytes,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <strong class="userinput"><code>M</code></strong> or <strong class="userinput"><code>m</code></strong>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for megabytes, and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <strong class="userinput"><code>G</code></strong> or <strong class="userinput"><code>g</code></strong> for gigabytes,
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews which scale by 1024, 1024*1024, and 1024*1024*1024
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews respectively.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews The value must be representable as a 64-bit unsigned integer
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews (0 to 18446744073709551615, inclusive).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Using <code class="varname">unlimited</code> is the best
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein way
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to safely set a really large number.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">yes_or_no</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Either <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong> or <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The words <strong class="userinput"><code>true</code></strong> and <strong class="userinput"><code>false</code></strong> are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein also accepted, as are the numbers <strong class="userinput"><code>1</code></strong>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and <strong class="userinput"><code>0</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">dialup_option</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein One of <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong>, <strong class="userinput"><code>notify</code></strong>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <strong class="userinput"><code>notify-passive</code></strong>, <strong class="userinput"><code>refresh</code></strong> or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <strong class="userinput"><code>passive</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein When used in a zone, <strong class="userinput"><code>notify-passive</code></strong>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <strong class="userinput"><code>refresh</code></strong>, and <strong class="userinput"><code>passive</code></strong>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are restricted to slave and stub zones.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="address_match_lists"></a>Address Match Lists</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2554067"></a>Syntax</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting"><code class="varname">address_match_list</code> = address_match_list_element ;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> address_match_list_element; ... </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<code class="varname">address_match_list_element</code> = [<span class="optional"> ! </span>] (ip_address [<span class="optional">/length</span>] |
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein key key_id | acl_name | { address_match_list } )
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2554094"></a>Definition and Usage</h4></div></div></div>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Address match lists are primarily used to determine access
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein control for various server operations. They are also used in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the <span><strong class="command">listen-on</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">sortlist</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statements. The elements
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater which constitute an address match list can be any of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein following:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<li>an IP address (IPv4 or IPv6)</li>
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews<li>an IP prefix (in `/' notation)</li>
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews<li>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a key ID, as defined by the <span><strong class="command">key</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </li>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<li>the name of an address match list defined with
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the <span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span> statement
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </li>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<li>a nested address match list enclosed in braces</li>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</ul></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Elements can be negated with a leading exclamation mark (`!'),
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and the match list names "any", "none", "localhost", and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein "localnets"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are predefined. More information on those names can be found in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the description of the acl statement.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews The addition of the key clause made the name of this syntactic
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews element something of a misnomer, since security keys can be used
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to validate access without regard to a host or network address.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Nonetheless,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the term "address match list" is still used throughout the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein documentation.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews<p>
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews When a given IP address or prefix is compared to an address
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein match list, the list is traversed in order until an element
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein matches.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The interpretation of a match depends on whether the list is being
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews used
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews for access control, defining listen-on ports, or in a sortlist,
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews and whether the element was negated.
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews </p>
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews<p>
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews When used as an access control list, a non-negated match
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein allows access and a negated match denies access. If
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews there is no match, access is denied. The clauses
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">allow-notify</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">allow-query</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">allow-query-cache</strong></span>,
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">allow-transfer</strong></span>,
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">allow-update</strong></span>,
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">allow-update-forwarding</strong></span>, and
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">blackhole</strong></span> all use address match
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews lists. Similarly, the listen-on option will cause the
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews server to not accept queries on any of the machine's
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews addresses which do not match the list.
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews </p>
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews<p>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews Because of the first-match aspect of the algorithm, an element
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that defines a subset of another element in the list should come
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews before the broader element, regardless of whether either is
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews negated. For
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews example, in
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">1.2.3/24; ! 1.2.3.13;</strong></span> the 1.2.3.13
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews element is
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews completely useless because the algorithm will match any lookup for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 1.2.3.13 to the 1.2.3/24 element.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Using <span><strong class="command">! 1.2.3.13; 1.2.3/24</strong></span> fixes
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews that problem by having 1.2.3.13 blocked by the negation but all
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews other 1.2.3.* hosts fall through.
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews </p>
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews</div>
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews</div>
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews<div class="sect2" lang="en">
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews<a name="id2554338"></a>Comment Syntax</h3></div></div></div>
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews<p>
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews The <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 comment syntax allows for
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews comments to appear
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews anywhere that white space may appear in a <span class="acronym">BIND</span> configuration
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews file. To appeal to programmers of all kinds, they can be written
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews in the C, C++, or shell/perl style.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2554353"></a>Syntax</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">/* This is a <span class="acronym">BIND</span> comment as in C */</pre>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews<pre class="programlisting">// This is a <span class="acronym">BIND</span> comment as in C++</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting"># This is a <span class="acronym">BIND</span> comment as in common UNIX shells and perl</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<a name="id2554382"></a>Definition and Usage</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Comments may appear anywhere that white space may appear in
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews a <span class="acronym">BIND</span> configuration file.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews C-style comments start with the two characters /* (slash,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein star) and end with */ (star, slash). Because they are completely
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein delimited with these characters, they can be used to comment only
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a portion of a line or to span multiple lines.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater C-style comments cannot be nested. For example, the following
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is not valid because the entire comment ends with the first */:
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews </p>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">/* This is the start of a comment.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This is still part of the comment.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein/* This is an incorrect attempt at nesting a comment. */
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This is no longer in any comment. */
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein C++-style comments start with the two characters // (slash,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein slash) and continue to the end of the physical line. They cannot
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein be continued across multiple physical lines; to have one logical
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein comment span multiple lines, each line must use the // pair.
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce </p>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<p>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce For example:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">// This is the start of a comment. The next line
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein// is a new comment, even though it is logically
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein// part of the previous comment.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Shell-style (or perl-style, if you prefer) comments start
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with the character <code class="literal">#</code> (number sign)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and continue to the end of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein physical line, as in C++ comments.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<p>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce For example:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting"># This is the start of a comment. The next line
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein# is a new comment, even though it is logically
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein# part of the previous comment.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Warning</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein You cannot use the semicolon (`;') character
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to start a comment such as you would in a zone file. The
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein semicolon indicates the end of a configuration
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce statement.
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect1" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="Configuration_File_Grammar"></a>Configuration File Grammar</h2></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 configuration consists of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statements and comments.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Statements end with a semicolon. Statements and comments are the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein only elements that can appear without enclosing braces. Many
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statements contain a block of sub-statements, which are also
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein terminated with a semicolon.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The following statements are supported:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein defines a named IP address
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein matching list, for access control and other uses.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein declares control channels to be used
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein by the <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> utility.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">include</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein includes a file.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">key</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specifies key information for use in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein authentication and authorization using TSIG.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specifies what the server logs, and where
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the log messages are sent.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">lwres</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein configures <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein also act as a light-weight resolver daemon (<span><strong class="command">lwresd</strong></span>).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">masters</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein defines a named masters list for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein inclusion in stub and slave zone masters clauses.
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">options</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein controls global server configuration
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein options and sets defaults for other statements.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein sets certain configuration options on
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a per-server basis.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews <p><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span></p>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews </td>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews<td>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews <p>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews defines trusted DNSSEC keys.
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews </p>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews </td>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews</tr>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews<tr>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews<td>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews <p><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein defines a view.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein defines a zone.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> statements may only occur once
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein per
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein configuration.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2554882"></a><span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting"><span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span> acl-name {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein address_match_list
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="acl"></a><span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span> statement assigns a symbolic
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name to an address match list. It gets its name from a primary
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein use of address match lists: Access Control Lists (ACLs).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Note that an address match list's name must be defined
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with <span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span> before it can be used
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein elsewhere; no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein forward references are allowed.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The following ACLs are built-in:
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<colgroup>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">any</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Matches all hosts.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
4556ad3a270bf049b3225433a402666aaffe3c36Mark Andrews<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">none</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Matches no hosts.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">localhost</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Matches the IPv4 and IPv6 addresses of all network
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein interfaces on the system.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">localnets</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Matches any host on an IPv4 or IPv6 network
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for which the system has an interface.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Some systems do not provide a way to determine the prefix
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein lengths of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein local IPv6 addresses.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In such a case, <span><strong class="command">localnets</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein only matches the local
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein IPv6 addresses, just like <span><strong class="command">localhost</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2555140"></a><span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting"><span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [ inet ( ip_addr | * ) [ port ip_port ] allow { <em class="replaceable"><code> address_match_list </code></em> }
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein keys { <em class="replaceable"><code>key_list</code></em> }; ]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [ inet ...; ]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [ unix <em class="replaceable"><code>path</code></em> perm <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> owner <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> group <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> keys { <em class="replaceable"><code>key_list</code></em> }; ]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [ unix ...; ]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="controls_statement_definition_and_usage"></a><span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> statement declares control
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein channels to be used by system administrators to control the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein operation of the name server. These control channels are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein used by the <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> utility to send
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein commands to and retrieve non-DNS results from a name server.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater An <span><strong class="command">inet</strong></span> control channel is a TCP socket
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein listening at the specified <span><strong class="command">ip_port</strong></span> on the
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews specified <span><strong class="command">ip_addr</strong></span>, which can be an IPv4 or IPv6
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews address. An <span><strong class="command">ip_addr</strong></span> of <code class="literal">*</code> (asterisk) is
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews interpreted as the IPv4 wildcard address; connections will be
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews accepted on any of the system's IPv4 addresses.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews To listen on the IPv6 wildcard address,
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce use an <span><strong class="command">ip_addr</strong></span> of <code class="literal">::</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If you will only use <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> on the local host,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein using the loopback address (<code class="literal">127.0.0.1</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein or <code class="literal">::1</code>) is recommended for maximum security.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If no port is specified, port 953 is used. The asterisk
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein "<code class="literal">*</code>" cannot be used for <span><strong class="command">ip_port</strong></span>.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The ability to issue commands over the control channel is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein restricted by the <span><strong class="command">allow</strong></span> and
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">keys</strong></span> clauses.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Connections to the control channel are permitted based on the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">address_match_list</strong></span>. This is for simple
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews IP address based filtering only; any <span><strong class="command">key_id</strong></span>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews elements of the <span><strong class="command">address_match_list</strong></span>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews are ignored.
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews A <span><strong class="command">unix</strong></span> control channel is a UNIX domain
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews socket listening at the specified path in the file system.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Access to the socket is specified by the <span><strong class="command">perm</strong></span>,
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">owner</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">group</strong></span> clauses.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Note on some platforms (SunOS and Solaris) the permissions
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews (<span><strong class="command">perm</strong></span>) are applied to the parent directory
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein as the permissions on the socket itself are ignored.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews The primary authorization mechanism of the command
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein channel is the <span><strong class="command">key_list</strong></span>, which
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein contains a list of <span><strong class="command">key_id</strong></span>s.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Each <span><strong class="command">key_id</strong></span> in the <span><strong class="command">key_list</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is authorized to execute commands over the control channel.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews See <a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#rndc">Remote Name Daemon Control application</a> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#admin_tools" title="Administrative Tools">the section called &#8220;Administrative Tools&#8221;</a>)
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews for information about configuring keys in <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span>.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If no <span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> statement is present,
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> will set up a default
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews control channel listening on the loopback address 127.0.0.1
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews and its IPv6 counterpart ::1.
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews In this case, and also when the <span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> statement
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews is present but does not have a <span><strong class="command">keys</strong></span> clause,
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> will attempt to load the command channel key
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews from the file <code class="filename">rndc.key</code> in
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <code class="filename">/etc</code> (or whatever <code class="varname">sysconfdir</code>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews was specified as when <span class="acronym">BIND</span> was built).
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews To create a <code class="filename">rndc.key</code> file, run
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <strong class="userinput"><code>rndc-confgen -a</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <code class="filename">rndc.key</code> feature was created to
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews ease the transition of systems from <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8,
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews which did not have digital signatures on its command channel
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews messages and thus did not have a <span><strong class="command">keys</strong></span> clause.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews It makes it possible to use an existing <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein configuration file in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 unchanged,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and still have <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> work the same way
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">ndc</strong></span> worked in BIND 8, simply by executing the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein command <strong class="userinput"><code>rndc-confgen -a</code></strong> after BIND 9 is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein installed.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Since the <code class="filename">rndc.key</code> feature
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews is only intended to allow the backward-compatible usage of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8 configuration files, this
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein feature does not
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews have a high degree of configurability. You cannot easily change
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the key name or the size of the secret, so you should make a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename">rndc.conf</code> with your own key if you
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein wish to change
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein those things. The <code class="filename">rndc.key</code> file
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein also has its
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews permissions set such that only the owner of the file (the user that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> is running as) can access it.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews If you
33682c92e96b39c395cdb2c3feb8eb5914e7d5a8Andreas Gustafsson desire greater flexibility in allowing other users to access
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> commands, then you need to create
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename">rndc.conf</code> file and make it group
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews readable by a group
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that contains the users who should have access.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein To disable the command channel, use an empty
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> statement:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">controls { };</strong></span>.
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2555432"></a><span><strong class="command">include</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">include <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em>;</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2555447"></a><span><strong class="command">include</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews The <span><strong class="command">include</strong></span> statement inserts the
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews specified file at the point where the <span><strong class="command">include</strong></span>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews statement is encountered. The <span><strong class="command">include</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement facilitates the administration of configuration
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein files
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein by permitting the reading or writing of some things but not
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein others. For example, the statement could include private keys
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews that are readable only by the name server.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2555470"></a><span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">key <em class="replaceable"><code>key_id</code></em> {
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater algorithm <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em>;
a53c45b2b8e778663ea51834272169dc946b6672Mark Andrews secret <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em>;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2555492"></a><span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> statement defines a shared
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein secret key for use with TSIG (see <a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#tsig" title="TSIG">the section called &#8220;TSIG&#8221;</a>)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein or the command channel
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (see <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#controls_statement_definition_and_usage" title="controls Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage">the section called &#8220;<span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage&#8221;</a>).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> statement can occur at the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein top level
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of the configuration file or inside a <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater statement. Keys defined in top-level <span><strong class="command">key</strong></span>
a53c45b2b8e778663ea51834272169dc946b6672Mark Andrews statements can be used in all views. Keys intended for use in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a <span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> statement
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (see <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#controls_statement_definition_and_usage" title="controls Statement Definition and
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce Usage">the section called &#8220;<span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage&#8221;</a>)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein must be defined at the top level.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater The <em class="replaceable"><code>key_id</code></em>, also known as the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein key name, is a domain name uniquely identifying the key. It can
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein be used in a <span><strong class="command">server</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement to cause requests sent to that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server to be signed with this key, or in address match lists to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein verify that incoming requests have been signed with a key
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein matching this name, algorithm, and secret.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm_id</code></em> is a string
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that specifies a security/authentication algorithm. Named
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein supports <code class="literal">hmac-md5</code>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">hmac-sha1</code>, <code class="literal">hmac-sha224</code>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">hmac-sha256</code>, <code class="literal">hmac-sha384</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and <code class="literal">hmac-sha512</code> TSIG authentication.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Truncated hashes are supported by appending the minimum
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein number of required bits preceeded by a dash, e.g.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">hmac-sha1-80</code>. The
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>secret_string</code></em> is the secret
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to be used by the algorithm, and is treated as a base-64
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein encoded string.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2555651"></a><span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting"><span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span> {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [ <span><strong class="command">channel</strong></span> <em class="replaceable"><code>channel_name</code></em> {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein ( <span><strong class="command">file</strong></span> <em class="replaceable"><code>path name</code></em>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [ <span><strong class="command">versions</strong></span> ( <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> | <span><strong class="command">unlimited</strong></span> ) ]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [ <span><strong class="command">size</strong></span> <em class="replaceable"><code>size spec</code></em> ]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein | <span><strong class="command">syslog</strong></span> <em class="replaceable"><code>syslog_facility</code></em>
7329012471d165cd3dc4180ad2a0a43de91e7f01Mark Andrews | <span><strong class="command">stderr</strong></span>
7329012471d165cd3dc4180ad2a0a43de91e7f01Mark Andrews | <span><strong class="command">null</strong></span> );
7329012471d165cd3dc4180ad2a0a43de91e7f01Mark Andrews [ <span><strong class="command">severity</strong></span> (<code class="option">critical</code> | <code class="option">error</code> | <code class="option">warning</code> | <code class="option">notice</code> |
7329012471d165cd3dc4180ad2a0a43de91e7f01Mark Andrews <code class="option">info</code> | <code class="option">debug</code> [ <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em> ] | <code class="option">dynamic</code> ); ]
7329012471d165cd3dc4180ad2a0a43de91e7f01Mark Andrews [ <span><strong class="command">print-category</strong></span> <code class="option">yes</code> or <code class="option">no</code>; ]
7329012471d165cd3dc4180ad2a0a43de91e7f01Mark Andrews [ <span><strong class="command">print-severity</strong></span> <code class="option">yes</code> or <code class="option">no</code>; ]
a1b05dea35aa30b152a47115e18bbe679d3fcf19Mark Andrews [ <span><strong class="command">print-time</strong></span> <code class="option">yes</code> or <code class="option">no</code>; ]
7329012471d165cd3dc4180ad2a0a43de91e7f01Mark Andrews }; ]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [ <span><strong class="command">category</strong></span> <em class="replaceable"><code>category_name</code></em> {
7329012471d165cd3dc4180ad2a0a43de91e7f01Mark Andrews <em class="replaceable"><code>channel_name</code></em> ; [ <em class="replaceable"><code>channel_name</code></em> ; ... ]
7329012471d165cd3dc4180ad2a0a43de91e7f01Mark Andrews }; ]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein ...
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2555845"></a><span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span> statement configures a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein wide
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein variety of logging options for the name server. Its <span><strong class="command">channel</strong></span> phrase
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein associates output methods, format options and severity levels with
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a name that can then be used with the <span><strong class="command">category</strong></span> phrase
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to select how various classes of messages are logged.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Only one <span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span> statement is used to
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce define
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein as many channels and categories as are wanted. If there is no <span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span> statement,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the logging configuration will be:
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce </p>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<pre class="programlisting">logging {
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce category default { default_syslog; default_debug; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein category unmatched { null; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater In <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9, the logging configuration
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is only established when
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the entire configuration file has been parsed. In <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8, it was
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein established as soon as the <span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein was parsed. When the server is starting up, all logging messages
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein regarding syntax errors in the configuration file go to the default
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein channels, or to standard error if the "<code class="option">-g</code>" option
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein was specified.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2555897"></a>The <span><strong class="command">channel</strong></span> Phrase</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein All log output goes to one or more <span class="emphasis"><em>channels</em></span>;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein you can make as many of them as you want.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson<p>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson Every channel definition must include a destination clause that
aeb8fffc841865c3336383eadfd9987332a03286Andreas Gustafsson says whether messages selected for the channel go to a file, to a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein particular syslog facility, to the standard error stream, or are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein discarded. It can optionally also limit the message severity level
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews that will be accepted by the channel (the default is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">info</strong></span>), and whether to include a
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>-generated time stamp, the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein category name
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and/or severity level (the default is not to include any).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">null</strong></span> destination clause
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein causes all messages sent to the channel to be discarded;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in that case, other options for the channel are meaningless.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater The <span><strong class="command">file</strong></span> destination clause directs
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the channel
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to a disk file. It can include limitations
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein both on how large the file is allowed to become, and how many
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein versions
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of the file will be saved each time the file is opened.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If you use the <span><strong class="command">versions</strong></span> log file
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein option, then
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> will retain that many backup
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein versions of the file by
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein renaming them when opening. For example, if you choose to keep
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein three old versions
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of the file <code class="filename">lamers.log</code>, then just
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein before it is opened
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename">lamers.log.1</code> is renamed to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename">lamers.log.2</code>, <code class="filename">lamers.log.0</code> is renamed
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to <code class="filename">lamers.log.1</code>, and <code class="filename">lamers.log</code> is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein renamed to <code class="filename">lamers.log.0</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein You can say <span><strong class="command">versions unlimited</strong></span> to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein not limit
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the number of versions.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If a <span><strong class="command">size</strong></span> option is associated with
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the log file,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein then renaming is only done when the file being opened exceeds the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein indicated size. No backup versions are kept by default; any
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein existing
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein log file is simply appended.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">size</strong></span> option for files is used
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to limit log
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein growth. If the file ever exceeds the size, then <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> will
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews stop writing to the file unless it has a <span><strong class="command">versions</strong></span> option
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews associated with it. If backup versions are kept, the files are
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews rolled as
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein described above and a new one begun. If there is no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">versions</strong></span> option, no more data will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein be written to the log
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein until some out-of-band mechanism removes or truncates the log to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein less than the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein maximum size. The default behavior is not to limit the size of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Example usage of the <span><strong class="command">size</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">versions</strong></span> options:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">channel an_example_channel {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file "example.log" versions 3 size 20m;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein print-time yes;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein print-category yes;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">syslog</strong></span> destination clause
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein directs the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein channel to the system log. Its argument is a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein syslog facility as described in the <span><strong class="command">syslog</strong></span> man
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein page. Known facilities are <span><strong class="command">kern</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">user</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">mail</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">daemon</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">auth</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">syslog</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">lpr</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">news</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">uucp</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">cron</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">authpriv</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">ftp</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">local0</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">local1</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">local2</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">local3</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">local4</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">local5</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">local6</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">local7</strong></span>, however not all facilities
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are supported on
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein all operating systems.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein How <span><strong class="command">syslog</strong></span> will handle messages
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein sent to
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce this facility is described in the <span><strong class="command">syslog.conf</strong></span> man
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce page. If you have a system which uses a very old version of <span><strong class="command">syslog</strong></span> that
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce only uses two arguments to the <span><strong class="command">openlog()</strong></span> function,
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce then this clause is silently ignored.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">severity</strong></span> clause works like <span><strong class="command">syslog</strong></span>'s
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein "priorities", except that they can also be used if you are writing
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein straight to a file rather than using <span><strong class="command">syslog</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Messages which are not at least of the severity level given will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein not be selected for the channel; messages of higher severity
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein levels
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will be accepted.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If you are using <span><strong class="command">syslog</strong></span>, then the <span><strong class="command">syslog.conf</strong></span> priorities
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will also determine what eventually passes through. For example,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein defining a channel facility and severity as <span><strong class="command">daemon</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">debug</strong></span> but
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein only logging <span><strong class="command">daemon.warning</strong></span> via <span><strong class="command">syslog.conf</strong></span> will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein cause messages of severity <span><strong class="command">info</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">notice</strong></span> to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein be dropped. If the situation were reversed, with <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> writing
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein messages of only <span><strong class="command">warning</strong></span> or higher,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein then <span><strong class="command">syslogd</strong></span> would
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein print all messages it received from the channel.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">stderr</strong></span> destination clause
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein directs the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein channel to the server's standard error stream. This is intended
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein use when the server is running as a foreground process, for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein example
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein when debugging a configuration.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The server can supply extensive debugging information when
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein it is in debugging mode. If the server's global debug level is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein greater
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein than zero, then debugging mode will be active. The global debug
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein level is set either by starting the <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> server
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with the <code class="option">-d</code> flag followed by a positive integer,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein or by running <span><strong class="command">rndc trace</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The global debug level
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein can be set to zero, and debugging mode turned off, by running <span><strong class="command">rndc
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinnotrace</strong></span>. All debugging messages in the server have a debug
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein level, and higher debug levels give more detailed output. Channels
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that specify a specific debug severity, for example:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">channel specific_debug_level {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file "foo";
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein severity debug 3;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will get debugging output of level 3 or less any time the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server is in debugging mode, regardless of the global debugging
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein level. Channels with <span><strong class="command">dynamic</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein severity use the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server's global debug level to determine what messages to print.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <span><strong class="command">print-time</strong></span> has been turned on,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein then
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the date and time will be logged. <span><strong class="command">print-time</strong></span> may
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein be specified for a <span><strong class="command">syslog</strong></span> channel,
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews but is usually
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein pointless since <span><strong class="command">syslog</strong></span> also prints
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the date and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein time. If <span><strong class="command">print-category</strong></span> is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein requested, then the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein category of the message will be logged as well. Finally, if <span><strong class="command">print-severity</strong></span> is
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce on, then the severity level of the message will be logged. The <span><strong class="command">print-</strong></span> options may
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce be used in any combination, and will always be printed in the
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce following
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein order: time, category, severity. Here is an example where all
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein three <span><strong class="command">print-</strong></span> options
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are on:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="computeroutput">28-Feb-2000 15:05:32.863 general: notice: running</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein There are four predefined channels that are used for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>'s default logging as follows.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein How they are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein used is described in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#the_category_phrase" title="The category Phrase">the section called &#8220;The <span><strong class="command">category</strong></span> Phrase&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">channel default_syslog {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein syslog daemon; // send to syslog's daemon
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein // facility
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein severity info; // only send priority info
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein // and higher
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinchannel default_debug {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file "named.run"; // write to named.run in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein // the working directory
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein // Note: stderr is used instead
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein // of "named.run"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein // if the server is started
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein // with the '-f' option.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein severity dynamic; // log at the server's
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein // current debug level
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinchannel default_stderr {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein stderr; // writes to stderr
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein severity info; // only send priority info
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein // and higher
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafssonchannel null {
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson null; // toss anything sent to
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson // this channel
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce};
7c0ebe385b36d64c2424dd5a3e62d441c08e7037Andreas Gustafsson</pre>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson<p>
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson The <span><strong class="command">default_debug</strong></span> channel has the
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson special
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson property that it only produces output when the server's debug
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson level is
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson nonzero. It normally writes to a file called <code class="filename">named.run</code>
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson in the server's working directory.
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson </p>
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson<p>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce For security reasons, when the "<code class="option">-u</code>"
7c0ebe385b36d64c2424dd5a3e62d441c08e7037Andreas Gustafsson command line option is used, the <code class="filename">named.run</code> file
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson is created only after <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> has
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson changed to the
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson new UID, and any debug output generated while <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> is
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson starting up and still running as root is discarded. If you need
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce to capture this output, you must run the server with the "<code class="option">-g</code>"
7c0ebe385b36d64c2424dd5a3e62d441c08e7037Andreas Gustafsson option and redirect standard error to a file.
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson </p>
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson<p>
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson Once a channel is defined, it cannot be redefined. Thus you
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce cannot alter the built-in channels directly, but you can modify
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the default logging by pointing categories at channels you have
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein defined.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<a name="the_category_phrase"></a>The <span><strong class="command">category</strong></span> Phrase</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein There are many categories, so you can send the logs you want
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to see wherever you want, without seeing logs you don't want. If
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein you don't specify a list of channels for a category, then log
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein messages
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in that category will be sent to the <span><strong class="command">default</strong></span> category
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein instead. If you don't specify a default category, the following
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein "default default" is used:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">category default { default_syslog; default_debug; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein As an example, let's say you want to log security events to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a file, but you also want keep the default logging behavior. You'd
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specify the following:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">channel my_security_channel {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file "my_security_file";
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein severity info;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeincategory security {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein my_security_channel;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein default_syslog;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein default_debug;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein To discard all messages in a category, specify the <span><strong class="command">null</strong></span> channel:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">category xfer-out { null; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeincategory notify { null; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Following are the available categories and brief descriptions
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of the types of log information they contain. More
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein categories may be added in future <span class="acronym">BIND</span> releases.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<col>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce</colgroup>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<tbody>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson<tr>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson<td>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson <p><span><strong class="command">default</strong></span></p>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default category defines the logging
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein options for those categories where no specific
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein configuration has been
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson defined.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">general</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The catch-all. Many things still aren't
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein classified into categories, and they all end up here.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">database</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Messages relating to the databases used
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein internally by the name server to store zone and cache
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein data.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">security</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Approval and denial of requests.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">config</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Configuration file parsing and processing.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">resolver</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein DNS resolution, such as the recursive
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein lookups performed on behalf of clients by a caching name
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">xfer-in</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Zone transfers the server is receiving.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">xfer-out</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Zone transfers the server is sending.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">notify</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The NOTIFY protocol.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">client</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Processing of client requests.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">unmatched</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Messages that named was unable to determine the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein class of or for which there was no matching <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A one line summary is also logged to the <span><strong class="command">client</strong></span> category.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This category is best sent to a file or stderr, by
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein default it is sent to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the <span><strong class="command">null</strong></span> channel.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">network</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Network operations.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">update</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Dynamic updates.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">update-security</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Approval and denial of update requests.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">queries</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specify where queries should be logged to.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein At startup, specifying the category <span><strong class="command">queries</strong></span> will also
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein enable query logging unless <span><strong class="command">querylog</strong></span> option has been
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The query log entry reports the client's IP address and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein port number, and the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein query name, class and type. It also reports whether the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Recursion Desired
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein flag was set (+ if set, - if not set), EDNS was in use
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (E) or if the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein query was signed (S).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="computeroutput">client 127.0.0.1#62536: query: www.example.com IN AAAA +SE</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="computeroutput">client ::1#62537: query: www.example.net IN AAAA -SE</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">dispatch</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
47b6d855e3a569e46ec2481dd1abb62e99752817Mark Andrews <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Dispatching of incoming packets to the
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews server modules where they are to be processed.
47b6d855e3a569e46ec2481dd1abb62e99752817Mark Andrews </p>
47b6d855e3a569e46ec2481dd1abb62e99752817Mark Andrews </td>
47b6d855e3a569e46ec2481dd1abb62e99752817Mark Andrews</tr>
47b6d855e3a569e46ec2481dd1abb62e99752817Mark Andrews<tr>
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews<td>
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews <p><span><strong class="command">dnssec</strong></span></p>
47b6d855e3a569e46ec2481dd1abb62e99752817Mark Andrews </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
47b6d855e3a569e46ec2481dd1abb62e99752817Mark Andrews <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein DNSSEC and TSIG protocol processing.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">lame-servers</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Lame servers. These are misconfigurations
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in remote servers, discovered by BIND 9 when trying to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein query
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein those servers during resolution.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">delegation-only</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Delegation only. Logs queries that have have
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein been forced to NXDOMAIN as the result of a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein delegation-only zone or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a <span><strong class="command">delegation-only</strong></span> in a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein hint or stub zone declaration.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2557195"></a><span><strong class="command">lwres</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This is the grammar of the <span><strong class="command">lwres</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement in the <code class="filename">named.conf</code> file:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting"><span><strong class="command">lwres</strong></span> {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> listen-on { <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; ... </span>] }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> view <em class="replaceable"><code>view_name</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> search { <em class="replaceable"><code>domain_name</code></em> ; [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>domain_name</code></em> ; ... </span>] }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> ndots <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2557269"></a><span><strong class="command">lwres</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">lwres</strong></span> statement configures the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews server to also act as a lightweight resolver server. (See
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews <a href="Bv9ARM.ch05.html#lwresd" title="Running a Resolver Daemon">the section called &#8220;Running a Resolver Daemon&#8221;</a>.) There may be be multiple
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews <span><strong class="command">lwres</strong></span> statements configuring
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews lightweight resolver servers with different properties.
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews </p>
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews<p>
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews The <span><strong class="command">listen-on</strong></span> statement specifies a
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews list of
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews addresses (and ports) that this instance of a lightweight resolver
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews daemon
12351e0500dff39f56844401fd191a36bcc4a7adMark Andrews should accept requests on. If no port is specified, port 921 is
12351e0500dff39f56844401fd191a36bcc4a7adMark Andrews used.
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews If this statement is omitted, requests will be accepted on
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews 127.0.0.1,
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews port 921.
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews </p>
12351e0500dff39f56844401fd191a36bcc4a7adMark Andrews<p>
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews The <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> statement binds this
12351e0500dff39f56844401fd191a36bcc4a7adMark Andrews instance of a
12351e0500dff39f56844401fd191a36bcc4a7adMark Andrews lightweight resolver daemon to a view in the DNS namespace, so that
12351e0500dff39f56844401fd191a36bcc4a7adMark Andrews the
12351e0500dff39f56844401fd191a36bcc4a7adMark Andrews response will be constructed in the same manner as a normal DNS
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews query
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews matching this view. If this statement is omitted, the default view
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews is
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews used, and if there is no default view, an error is triggered.
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews </p>
12351e0500dff39f56844401fd191a36bcc4a7adMark Andrews<p>
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews The <span><strong class="command">search</strong></span> statement is equivalent to
12351e0500dff39f56844401fd191a36bcc4a7adMark Andrews the
12351e0500dff39f56844401fd191a36bcc4a7adMark Andrews <span><strong class="command">search</strong></span> statement in
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>. It provides a
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews list of domains
f7b41fd9291b8f4dba27e2b57e1d93f0913a4f1dMark Andrews which are appended to relative names in queries.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">ndots</strong></span> statement is equivalent to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">ndots</strong></span> statement in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>. It indicates the
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater minimum
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein number of dots in a relative domain name that should result in an
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein exact match lookup before search path elements are appended.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2557333"></a><span><strong class="command">masters</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<span><strong class="command">masters</strong></span> <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] { ( <em class="replaceable"><code>masters_list</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] [<span class="optional">key <em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em></span>] ) ; [<span class="optional">...</span>] };
4e243fdc6b33a6371208b48d64912d8e327b4f5cAndreas Gustafsson</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2557445"></a><span><strong class="command">masters</strong></span> Statement Definition and
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater Usage</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span><strong class="command">masters</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein lists allow for a common set of masters to be easily used by
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein multiple stub and slave zones.
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews </p>
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2557460"></a><span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This is the grammar of the <span><strong class="command">options</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement in the <code class="filename">named.conf</code> file:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">options {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> version <em class="replaceable"><code>version_string</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> hostname <em class="replaceable"><code>hostname_string</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> server-id <em class="replaceable"><code>server_id_string</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> directory <em class="replaceable"><code>path_name</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> key-directory <em class="replaceable"><code>path_name</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> named-xfer <em class="replaceable"><code>path_name</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> tkey-domain <em class="replaceable"><code>domainname</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> tkey-dhkey <em class="replaceable"><code>key_name</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>key_tag</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> dump-file <em class="replaceable"><code>path_name</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> memstatistics-file <em class="replaceable"><code>path_name</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> pid-file <em class="replaceable"><code>path_name</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> statistics-file <em class="replaceable"><code>path_name</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> zone-statistics <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> auth-nxdomain <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> deallocate-on-exit <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> dialup <em class="replaceable"><code>dialup_option</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> fake-iquery <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> fetch-glue <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> flush-zones-on-shutdown <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> has-old-clients <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> host-statistics <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> host-statistics-max <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> minimal-responses <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> multiple-cnames <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> notify <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>explicit</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>master-only</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> recursion <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> rfc2308-type1 <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> use-id-pool <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> maintain-ixfr-base <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> dnssec-enable <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> dnssec-validation <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> dnssec-lookaside <em class="replaceable"><code>domain</code></em> trust-anchor <em class="replaceable"><code>domain</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> dnssec-must-be-secure <em class="replaceable"><code>domain yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> dnssec-accept-expired <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> forward ( <em class="replaceable"><code>only</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>first</code></em> ); </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> forwarders { [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; ... </span>] }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> dual-stack-servers [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] {
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater ( <em class="replaceable"><code>domain_name</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] |
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ) ;
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews ... }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> check-names ( <em class="replaceable"><code>master</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>slave</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>response</code></em> )
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein ( <em class="replaceable"><code>warn</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>fail</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>ignore</code></em> ); </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> check-mx ( <em class="replaceable"><code>warn</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>fail</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>ignore</code></em> ); </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> check-wildcard <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater [<span class="optional"> check-integrity <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> check-mx-cname ( <em class="replaceable"><code>warn</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>fail</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>ignore</code></em> ); </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> check-srv-cname ( <em class="replaceable"><code>warn</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>fail</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>ignore</code></em> ); </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> check-sibling <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> allow-notify { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> allow-query { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> allow-query-cache { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> allow-transfer { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> allow-recursion { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater [<span class="optional"> allow-update { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> allow-update-forwarding { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> update-check-ksk <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> try-tcp-refresh <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> allow-v6-synthesis { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
a53c45b2b8e778663ea51834272169dc946b6672Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> blackhole { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> avoid-v4-udp-ports { <em class="replaceable"><code>port_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> avoid-v6-udp-ports { <em class="replaceable"><code>port_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> listen-on [<span class="optional"> port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em> </span>] { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> listen-on-v6 [<span class="optional"> port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em> </span>] { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> query-source ( ( <em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em> )
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> port ( <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em> ) </span>] |
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews [<span class="optional"> address ( <em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em> ) </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> port ( <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em> ) </span>] ) ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> query-source-v6 ( ( <em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em> )
22c71c7b86fa57a19f7df0da4222eb8593e6ad12Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> port ( <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em> ) </span>] |
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> address ( <em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em> ) </span>]
71eeac3530eabb7f70f4b6bdba5addb40a5bca27Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> port ( <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em> ) </span>] ) ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-transfer-time-in <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-transfer-time-out <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
1224c3b69b3d18f7127aa042644936af25a2d679Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> max-transfer-idle-in <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-transfer-idle-out <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> tcp-clients <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> recursive-clients <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> serial-query-rate <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> serial-queries <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> tcp-listen-queue <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> transfer-format <em class="replaceable"><code>( one-answer | many-answers )</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> transfers-in <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> transfers-out <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> transfers-per-ns <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> transfer-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> transfer-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> alt-transfer-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> alt-transfer-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> use-alt-transfer-source <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> notify-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> notify-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> also-notify { <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; ... </span>] }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-ixfr-log-size <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
f051d76c87e055c6ea3879e0c97a76609df915ccMark Andrews [<span class="optional"> max-journal-size <em class="replaceable"><code>size_spec</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> coresize <em class="replaceable"><code>size_spec</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> datasize <em class="replaceable"><code>size_spec</code></em> ; </span>]
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> files <em class="replaceable"><code>size_spec</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> stacksize <em class="replaceable"><code>size_spec</code></em> ; </span>]
7326ba2f542b89196323867a1457f596f99e315dMark Andrews [<span class="optional"> cleaning-interval <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> heartbeat-interval <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> interface-interval <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> statistics-interval <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> topology { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }</span>];
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> sortlist { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }</span>];
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> rrset-order { <em class="replaceable"><code>order_spec</code></em> ; [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>order_spec</code></em> ; ... </span>] </span>] };
3a3705ef7747327df182bf8d009333d2472253d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> lame-ttl <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-ncache-ttl <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> max-cache-ttl <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> sig-validity-interval <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> min-roots <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> use-ixfr <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> provide-ixfr <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> request-ixfr <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> treat-cr-as-space <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> min-refresh-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> max-refresh-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> min-retry-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-retry-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> additional-from-auth <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> additional-from-cache <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews [<span class="optional"> random-device <em class="replaceable"><code>path_name</code></em> ; </span>]
6bf6622b7b9053dc52527478473b572f042c4b5bMark Andrews [<span class="optional"> max-cache-size <em class="replaceable"><code>size_spec</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> match-mapped-addresses <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> preferred-glue ( <em class="replaceable"><code>A</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>AAAA</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>NONE</code></em> ); </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> edns-udp-size <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-udp-size <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> root-delegation-only [<span class="optional"> exclude { <em class="replaceable"><code>namelist</code></em> } </span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> querylog <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> disable-algorithms <em class="replaceable"><code>domain</code></em> { <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em>; [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>algorithm</code></em>; </span>] }; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> acache-enable <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> acache-cleaning-interval <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em>; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> max-acache-size <em class="replaceable"><code>size_spec</code></em> ; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> clients-per-query <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> max-clients-per-query <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> masterfile-format (<code class="constant">text</code>|<code class="constant">raw</code>) ; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> empty-server <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> ; </span>]
a404eb87dc8f91fe81bedce8bb3957fc3c7684a5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> empty-contact <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> ; </span>]
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> empty-zones-enable <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> disable-empty-zone <em class="replaceable"><code>zone_name</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> zero-no-soa-ttl <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> zero-no-soa-ttl-cache <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="options"></a><span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> statement sets up global
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein options
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to be used by <span class="acronym">BIND</span>. This statement
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein may appear only
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein once in a configuration file. If there is no <span><strong class="command">options</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement, an options block with each option set to its default will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein be used.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
d71e2e0c61df16ff37c9934c371a4a60c08974f7Mark Andrews<div class="variablelist"><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">directory</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews The working directory of the server.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Any non-absolute pathnames in the configuration file will be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein taken
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein as relative to this directory. The default location for most
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein output files (e.g. <code class="filename">named.run</code>)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is this directory.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If a directory is not specified, the working directory
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein defaults to `<code class="filename">.</code>', the directory from
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein which the server
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein was started. The directory specified should be an absolute
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein path.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">key-directory</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein When performing dynamic update of secure zones, the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein directory where the public and private key files should be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein found,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein if different than the current working directory. The
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater directory specified
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater must be an absolute path.
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater </p></dd>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">named-xfer</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="emphasis"><em>This option is obsolete.</em></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein It was used in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8 to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specify the pathname to the <span><strong class="command">named-xfer</strong></span> program.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9, no separate <span><strong class="command">named-xfer</strong></span> program is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein needed; its functionality is built into the name server.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">tkey-domain</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The domain appended to the names of all
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein shared keys generated with
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">TKEY</strong></span>. When a client
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein requests a <span><strong class="command">TKEY</strong></span> exchange, it
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein may or may not specify
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the desired name for the key. If present, the name of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein shared
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein key will be "<code class="varname">client specified part</code>" +
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews "<code class="varname">tkey-domain</code>".
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Otherwise, the name of the shared key will be "<code class="varname">random hex
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeindigits</code>" + "<code class="varname">tkey-domain</code>". In most cases,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the <span><strong class="command">domainname</strong></span> should be the
df6faef67126d1277b0f21defd41c54994bf6fcfMark Andrews server's domain
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
538a83db7509d598da95a93bd7b74ef3112123a4Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">tkey-dhkey</strong></span></span></dt>
538a83db7509d598da95a93bd7b74ef3112123a4Mark Andrews<dd><p>
7208386cd37a2092c70eddf80cf29519b16c4c80Mark Andrews The Diffie-Hellman key used by the server
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews to generate shared keys with clients using the Diffie-Hellman
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews mode
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews of <span><strong class="command">TKEY</strong></span>. The server must be
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews able to load the
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews public and private keys from files in the working directory.
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews In
0c487f4b6eade1440ea40f5a5ffc9b5fd4c41ed1Mark Andrews most cases, the keyname should be the server's host name.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">dump-file</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The pathname of the file the server dumps
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the database to when instructed to do so with
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">rndc dumpdb</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If not specified, the default is <code class="filename">named_dump.db</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">memstatistics-file</strong></span></span></dt>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The pathname of the file the server writes memory
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein usage statistics to on exit. If not specified,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the default is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename">named.memstats</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">pid-file</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The pathname of the file the server writes its process ID
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in. If not specified, the default is <code class="filename">/var/run/named.pid</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The pid-file is used by programs that want to send signals to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the running
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name server. Specifying <span><strong class="command">pid-file none</strong></span> disables the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein use of a PID file &#8212; no file will be written and any
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein existing one will be removed. Note that <span><strong class="command">none</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is a keyword, not a file name, and therefore is not enclosed
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews double quotes.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">statistics-file</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The pathname of the file the server appends statistics
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to when instructed to do so using <span><strong class="command">rndc stats</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If not specified, the default is <code class="filename">named.stats</code> in the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server's current directory. The format of the file is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein described
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#statsfile" title="The Statistics File">the section called &#8220;The Statistics File&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">port</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The UDP/TCP port number the server uses for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein receiving and sending DNS protocol traffic.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is 53. This option is mainly intended for server
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews testing;
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews a server using a port other than 53 will not be able to
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews communicate with
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews the global DNS.
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews </p></dd>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">random-device</strong></span></span></dt>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<dd><p>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews The source of entropy to be used by the server. Entropy is
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews primarily needed
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews for DNSSEC operations, such as TKEY transactions and dynamic
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews update of signed
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews zones. This options specifies the device (or file) from which
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews to read
a1b05dea35aa30b152a47115e18bbe679d3fcf19Mark Andrews entropy. If this is a file, operations requiring entropy will
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews fail when the
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews file has been exhausted. If not specified, the default value
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews is
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews <code class="filename">/dev/random</code>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews (or equivalent) when present, and none otherwise. The
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">random-device</strong></span> option takes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein effect during
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the initial configuration load at server startup time and
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews is ignored on subsequent reloads.
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews </p></dd>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">preferred-glue</strong></span></span></dt>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<dd><p>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews If specified, the listed type (A or AAAA) will be emitted
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews before other glue
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews in the additional section of a query response.
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews The default is not to preference any type (NONE).
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews </p></dd>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">root-delegation-only</strong></span></span></dt>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<dd>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<p>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews Turn on enforcement of delegation-only in TLDs (top level domains) and root zones
a404eb87dc8f91fe81bedce8bb3957fc3c7684a5Mark Andrews with an optional
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein exclude list.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Note some TLDs are not delegation only (e.g. "DE", "LV", "US"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and "MUSEUM").
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinoptions {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein root-delegation-only exclude { "de"; "lv"; "us"; "museum"; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
22c71c7b86fa57a19f7df0da4222eb8593e6ad12Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">disable-algorithms</strong></span></span></dt>
22c71c7b86fa57a19f7df0da4222eb8593e6ad12Mark Andrews<dd><p>
22c71c7b86fa57a19f7df0da4222eb8593e6ad12Mark Andrews Disable the specified DNSSEC algorithms at and below the
22c71c7b86fa57a19f7df0da4222eb8593e6ad12Mark Andrews specified name.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Multiple <span><strong class="command">disable-algorithms</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statements are allowed.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Only the most specific will be applied.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">dnssec-lookaside</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein When set, <span><strong class="command">dnssec-lookaside</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein provides the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein validator with an alternate method to validate DNSKEY records
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein at the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein top of a zone. When a DNSKEY is at or below a domain
71eeac3530eabb7f70f4b6bdba5addb40a5bca27Mark Andrews specified by the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein deepest <span><strong class="command">dnssec-lookaside</strong></span>, and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the normal dnssec validation
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein has left the key untrusted, the trust-anchor will be append to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the key
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name and a DLV record will be looked up to see if it can
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein validate the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein key. If the DLV record validates a DNSKEY (similarly to the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein way a DS
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein record does) the DNSKEY RRset is deemed to be trusted.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">dnssec-must-be-secure</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specify hierarchies which must be or may not be secure (signed and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein validated).
1224c3b69b3d18f7127aa042644936af25a2d679Mark Andrews If <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>, then named will only accept
1224c3b69b3d18f7127aa042644936af25a2d679Mark Andrews answers if they
1224c3b69b3d18f7127aa042644936af25a2d679Mark Andrews are secure.
1224c3b69b3d18f7127aa042644936af25a2d679Mark Andrews If <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong>, then normal dnssec validation
1224c3b69b3d18f7127aa042644936af25a2d679Mark Andrews applies
1224c3b69b3d18f7127aa042644936af25a2d679Mark Andrews allowing for insecure answers to be accepted.
1224c3b69b3d18f7127aa042644936af25a2d679Mark Andrews The specified domain must be under a <span><strong class="command">trusted-key</strong></span> or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">dnssec-lookaside</strong></span> must be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein active.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dl></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="boolean_options"></a>Boolean Options</h4></div></div></div>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<div class="variablelist"><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">auth-nxdomain</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>, then the <span><strong class="command">AA</strong></span> bit
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is always set on NXDOMAIN responses, even if the server is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein not actually
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein authoritative. The default is <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong>;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein this is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a change from <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8. If you
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are using very old DNS software, you
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein may need to set it to <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">deallocate-on-exit</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This option was used in <span class="acronym">BIND</span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 8 to enable checking
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for memory leaks on exit. <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 ignores the option and always performs
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the checks.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">dialup</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>, then the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server treats all zones as if they are doing zone transfers
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein across
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a dial-on-demand dialup link, which can be brought up by
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein traffic
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein originating from this server. This has different effects
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein according
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to zone type and concentrates the zone maintenance so that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein it all
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein happens in a short interval, once every <span><strong class="command">heartbeat-interval</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein hopefully during the one call. It also suppresses some of
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews the normal
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone maintenance traffic. The default is <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
285254345ce5ab270848f8c11f7be146793f1e00Mark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">dialup</strong></span> option
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein may also be specified in the <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> statements,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in which case it overrides the global <span><strong class="command">dialup</strong></span>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews option.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If the zone is a master zone, then the server will send out a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein NOTIFY
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews request to all the slaves (default). This should trigger the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone serial
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein number check in the slave (providing it supports NOTIFY)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein allowing the slave
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to verify the zone while the connection is active.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews The set of servers to which NOTIFY is sent can be controlled
3970098dcd2a7122541667b4b56cea8abce8ccf2Mark Andrews by
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">notify</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">also-notify</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone is a slave or stub zone, then the server will suppress
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the regular
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein "zone up to date" (refresh) queries and only perform them
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein when the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">heartbeat-interval</strong></span> expires in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein addition to sending
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein NOTIFY requests.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Finer control can be achieved by using
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <strong class="userinput"><code>notify</code></strong> which only sends NOTIFY
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein messages,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <strong class="userinput"><code>notify-passive</code></strong> which sends NOTIFY
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein messages and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein suppresses the normal refresh queries, <strong class="userinput"><code>refresh</code></strong>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein which suppresses normal refresh processing and sends refresh
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein queries
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein when the <span><strong class="command">heartbeat-interval</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein expires, and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <strong class="userinput"><code>passive</code></strong> which just disables normal
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein refresh
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein processing.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein dialup mode
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein normal refresh
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein heart-beat refresh
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein heart-beat notify
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">no</strong></span> (default)</p>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein yes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
71eeac3530eabb7f70f4b6bdba5addb40a5bca27Mark Andrews </td>
71eeac3530eabb7f70f4b6bdba5addb40a5bca27Mark Andrews<td>
71eeac3530eabb7f70f4b6bdba5addb40a5bca27Mark Andrews <p>
71eeac3530eabb7f70f4b6bdba5addb40a5bca27Mark Andrews no
71eeac3530eabb7f70f4b6bdba5addb40a5bca27Mark Andrews </p>
71eeac3530eabb7f70f4b6bdba5addb40a5bca27Mark Andrews </td>
71eeac3530eabb7f70f4b6bdba5addb40a5bca27Mark Andrews<td>
71eeac3530eabb7f70f4b6bdba5addb40a5bca27Mark Andrews <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews <p><span><strong class="command">yes</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein yes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein yes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">notify</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein yes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein yes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">refresh</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein yes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">passive</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">notify-passive</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein yes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Note that normal NOTIFY processing is not affected by
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">dialup</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">fake-iquery</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8, this option
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein enabled simulating the obsolete DNS query type
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein IQUERY. <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 never does
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein IQUERY simulation.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">fetch-glue</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This option is obsolete.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In BIND 8, <strong class="userinput"><code>fetch-glue yes</code></strong>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein caused the server to attempt to fetch glue resource records
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein it
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein didn't have when constructing the additional
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein data section of a response. This is now considered a bad
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein idea
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and BIND 9 never does it.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">flush-zones-on-shutdown</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein When the nameserver exits due receiving SIGTERM,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein flush or do not flush any pending zone writes. The default
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">flush-zones-on-shutdown</strong></span> <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">has-old-clients</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This option was incorrectly implemented
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8, and is ignored by <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein To achieve the intended effect
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">has-old-clients</strong></span> <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>, specify
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the two separate options <span><strong class="command">auth-nxdomain</strong></span> <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and <span><strong class="command">rfc2308-type1</strong></span> <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong> instead.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">host-statistics</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In BIND 8, this enables keeping of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statistics for every host that the name server interacts
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Not implemented in BIND 9.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">maintain-ixfr-base</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="emphasis"><em>This option is obsolete</em></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein It was used in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8 to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein determine whether a transaction log was
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein kept for Incremental Zone Transfer. <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 maintains a transaction
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein log whenever possible. If you need to disable outgoing
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein incremental zone
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein transfers, use <span><strong class="command">provide-ixfr</strong></span> <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">minimal-responses</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>, then when generating
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein responses the server will only add records to the authority
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and additional data sections when they are required (e.g.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein delegations, negative responses). This may improve the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein performance of the server.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">multiple-cnames</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This option was used in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8 to allow
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a domain name to have multiple CNAME records in violation of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the DNS standards. <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9.2 onwards
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein always strictly enforces the CNAME rules both in master
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein files and dynamic updates.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">notify</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong> (the default),
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein DNS NOTIFY messages are sent when a zone the server is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein authoritative for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein changes, see <a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#notify" title="Notify">the section called &#8220;Notify&#8221;</a>. The messages are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein sent to the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein servers listed in the zone's NS records (except the master
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server identified
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in the SOA MNAME field), and to any servers listed in the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">also-notify</strong></span> option.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <strong class="userinput"><code>master-only</code></strong>, notifies are only
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein sent
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for master zones.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <strong class="userinput"><code>explicit</code></strong>, notifies are sent only
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein servers explicitly listed using <span><strong class="command">also-notify</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong>, no notifies are sent.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">notify</strong></span> option may also be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified in the <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in which case it overrides the <span><strong class="command">options notify</strong></span> statement.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein It would only be necessary to turn off this option if it
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein caused slaves
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to crash.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">recursion</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>, and a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein DNS query requests recursion, then the server will attempt
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to do
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein all the work required to answer the query. If recursion is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein off
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and the server does not already know the answer, it will
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews return a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein referral response. The default is
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Note that setting <span><strong class="command">recursion no</strong></span> does not prevent
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein clients from getting data from the server's cache; it only
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein prevents new data from being cached as an effect of client
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein queries.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Caching may still occur as an effect the server's internal
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein operation, such as NOTIFY address lookups.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See also <span><strong class="command">fetch-glue</strong></span> above.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">rfc2308-type1</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Setting this to <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong> will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein cause the server to send NS records along with the SOA
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein record for negative
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein answers. The default is <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Not yet implemented in <span class="acronym">BIND</span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 9.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">use-id-pool</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="emphasis"><em>This option is obsolete</em></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 always allocates query
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein IDs from a pool.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">zone-statistics</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>, the server will collect
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statistical data on all zones (unless specifically turned
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein off
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein on a per-zone basis by specifying <span><strong class="command">zone-statistics no</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in the <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> statement).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein These statistics may be accessed
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein using <span><strong class="command">rndc stats</strong></span>, which will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein dump them to the file listed
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews in the <span><strong class="command">statistics-file</strong></span>. See
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein also <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#statsfile" title="The Statistics File">the section called &#8220;The Statistics File&#8221;</a>.
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">use-ixfr</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="emphasis"><em>This option is obsolete</em></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If you need to disable IXFR to a particular server or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein servers see
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the information on the <span><strong class="command">provide-ixfr</strong></span> option
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_definition_and_usage" title="server Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage">the section called &#8220;<span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Definition and
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Usage&#8221;</a>.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews See also
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#incremental_zone_transfers" title="Incremental Zone Transfers (IXFR)">the section called &#8220;Incremental Zone Transfers (IXFR)&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">provide-ixfr</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">provide-ixfr</strong></span> in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_definition_and_usage" title="server Statement Definition and
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews Usage">the section called &#8220;<span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Definition and
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Usage&#8221;</a>.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">request-ixfr</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">request-ixfr</strong></span> in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_definition_and_usage" title="server Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage">the section called &#8220;<span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Definition and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usage&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">treat-cr-as-space</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This option was used in <span class="acronym">BIND</span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 8 to make
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the server treat carriage return ("<span><strong class="command">\r</strong></span>") characters the same way
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein as a space or tab character,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to facilitate loading of zone files on a UNIX system that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein were generated
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein on an NT or DOS machine. In <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9, both UNIX "<span><strong class="command">\n</strong></span>"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and NT/DOS "<span><strong class="command">\r\n</strong></span>" newlines
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are always accepted,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and the option is ignored.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<span class="term"><span><strong class="command">additional-from-auth</strong></span>, </span><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">additional-from-cache</strong></span></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein These options control the behavior of an authoritative
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server when
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein answering queries which have additional data, or when
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein following CNAME
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and DNAME chains.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews When both of these options are set to <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews (the default) and a
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews query is being answered from authoritative data (a zone
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews configured into the server), the additional data section of
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews the
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews reply will be filled in using data from other authoritative
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews zones
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews and from the cache. In some situations this is undesirable,
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews such
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews as when there is concern over the correctness of the cache,
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in servers where slave zones may be added and modified by
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein untrusted third parties. Also, avoiding
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the search for this additional data will speed up server
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein operations
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein at the possible expense of additional queries to resolve
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein what would
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein otherwise be provided in the additional section.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For example, if a query asks for an MX record for host <code class="literal">foo.example.com</code>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and the record found is "<code class="literal">MX 10 mail.example.net</code>", normally the address
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein records (A and AAAA) for <code class="literal">mail.example.net</code> will be provided as well,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein if known, even though they are not in the example.com zone.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Setting these options to <span><strong class="command">no</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein disables this behavior and makes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the server only search for additional data in the zone it
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein answers from.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein These options are intended for use in authoritative-only
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein servers, or in authoritative-only views. Attempts to set
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein them to <span><strong class="command">no</strong></span> without also
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specifying
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">recursion no</strong></span> will cause the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein ignore the options and log a warning message.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifying <span><strong class="command">additional-from-cache no</strong></span> actually
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein disables the use of the cache not only for additional data
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews lookups
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein but also when looking up the answer. This is usually the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein desired
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein behavior in an authoritative-only server where the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein correctness of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the cached data is an issue.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews When a name server is non-recursively queried for a name
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that is not
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein below the apex of any served zone, it normally answers with
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein an
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein "upwards referral" to the root servers or the servers of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein some other
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein known parent of the query name. Since the data in an
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein upwards referral
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein comes from the cache, the server will not be able to provide
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein upwards
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein referrals when <span><strong class="command">additional-from-cache no</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein has been specified. Instead, it will respond to such
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein queries
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with REFUSED. This should not cause any problems since
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein upwards referrals are not required for the resolution
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein process.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">match-mapped-addresses</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews If <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>, then an
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein IPv4-mapped IPv6 address will match any address match
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein list entries that match the corresponding IPv4 address.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Enabling this option is sometimes useful on IPv6-enabled
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Linux
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein systems, to work around a kernel quirk that causes IPv4
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein TCP connections such as zone transfers to be accepted
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein on an IPv6 socket using mapped addresses, causing
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein address match lists designed for IPv4 to fail to match.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The use of this option for any other purpose is discouraged.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">ixfr-from-differences</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews When <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong> and the server loads a new version of a master
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone from its zone file or receives a new version of a slave
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file by a non-incremental zone transfer, it will compare
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the new version to the previous one and calculate a set
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of differences. The differences are then logged in the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone's journal file such that the changes can be transmitted
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to downstream slaves as an incremental zone transfer.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein By allowing incremental zone transfers to be used for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein non-dynamic zones, this option saves bandwidth at the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein expense of increased CPU and memory consumption at the
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews master.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In particular, if the new version of a zone is completely
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein different from the previous one, the set of differences
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will be of a size comparable to the combined size of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein old and new zone version, and the server will need to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein temporarily allocate memory to hold this complete
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews difference set.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span><strong class="command">ixfr-from-differences</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein also accepts <span><strong class="command">master</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">slave</strong></span> at the view and options
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein levels which causes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">ixfr-from-differences</strong></span> to apply to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein all <span><strong class="command">master</strong></span> or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">slave</strong></span> zones respectively.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">multi-master</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This should be set when you have multiple masters for a zone
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein addresses refer to different machines. If <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>, named will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein not log
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein when the serial number on the master is less than what named
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein currently
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein has. The default is <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">dnssec-enable</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Enable DNSSEC support in named. Unless set to <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein named behaves as if it does not support DNSSEC.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">dnssec-validation</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Enable DNSSEC validation in named.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Note <span><strong class="command">dnssec-enable</strong></span> also needs to be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein set to <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong> to be effective.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">dnssec-accept-expired</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Accept expired signatures when verifying DNSSEC signatures.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is <strong class="userinput"><code>no</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">querylog</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specify whether query logging should be started when named
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein starts.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <span><strong class="command">querylog</strong></span> is not specified,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein then the query logging
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is determined by the presence of the logging category <span><strong class="command">queries</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">check-names</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This option is used to restrict the character set and syntax
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein certain domain names in master files and/or DNS responses
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein received
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein from the network. The default varies according to usage
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein area. For
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">master</strong></span> zones the default is <span><strong class="command">fail</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For <span><strong class="command">slave</strong></span> zones the default
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is <span><strong class="command">warn</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For answers received from the network (<span><strong class="command">response</strong></span>)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the default is <span><strong class="command">ignore</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The rules for legal hostnames and mail domains are derived
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein from RFC 952 and RFC 821 as modified by RFC 1123.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span><strong class="command">check-names</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein applies to the owner names of A, AAA and MX records.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein It also applies to the domain names in the RDATA of NS, SOA
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and MX records.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein It also applies to the RDATA of PTR records where the owner
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name indicated that it is a reverse lookup of a hostname
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (the owner name ends in IN-ADDR.ARPA, IP6.ARPA or IP6.INT).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">check-mx</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Check whether the MX record appears to refer to a IP address.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is to <span><strong class="command">warn</strong></span>. Other possible
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein values are <span><strong class="command">fail</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">ignore</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">check-wildcard</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This option is used to check for non-terminal wildcards.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The use of non-terminal wildcards is almost always as a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein result of a failure
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to understand the wildcard matching algorithm (RFC 1034).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This option
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein affects master zones. The default (<span><strong class="command">yes</strong></span>) is to check
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for non-terminal wildcards and issue a warning.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">check-integrity</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Perform post load zone integrity checks on master
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zones. This checks that MX and SRV records refer
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to address (A or AAAA) records and that glue
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein address records exist for delegated zones. For
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein MX and SRV records only in-zone hostnames are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein checked (for out-of-zone hostnames use named-checkzone).
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews For NS records only names below top of zone are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein checked (for out-of-zone names and glue consistancy
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein checks use named-checkzone). The default is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">yes</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">check-mx-cname</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <span><strong class="command">check-integrity</strong></span> is set then
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein fail, warn or ignore MX records that refer
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to CNAMES. The default is to <span><strong class="command">warn</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">check-srv-cname</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <span><strong class="command">check-integrity</strong></span> is set then
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein fail, warn or ignore SRV records that refer
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to CNAMES. The default is to <span><strong class="command">warn</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">check-sibling</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein When performing integrity checks, also check that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein sibling glue exists. The default is <span><strong class="command">yes</strong></span>.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">zero-no-soa-ttl</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein When returning authoritative negative responses to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein SOA queries set the TTL of the SOA recored returned in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the authority section to zero.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is <span><strong class="command">yes</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">zero-no-soa-ttl-cache</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein When caching a negative response to a SOA query
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein set the TTL to zero.
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews The default is <span><strong class="command">no</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">update-check-ksk</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein When regenerating the RRSIGs following a UPDATE
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein request to a secure zone, check the KSK flag on
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the DNSKEY RR to determine if this key should be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein used to generate the RRSIG. This flag is ignored
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews if there are not DNSKEY RRs both with and without
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a KSK.
f051d76c87e055c6ea3879e0c97a76609df915ccMark Andrews The default is <span><strong class="command">yes</strong></span>.
f051d76c87e055c6ea3879e0c97a76609df915ccMark Andrews </p></dd>
f051d76c87e055c6ea3879e0c97a76609df915ccMark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">try-tcp-refresh</strong></span></span></dt>
f051d76c87e055c6ea3879e0c97a76609df915ccMark Andrews<dd><p>
f051d76c87e055c6ea3879e0c97a76609df915ccMark Andrews Try to refresh the zone using TCP if UDP queries fail.
f051d76c87e055c6ea3879e0c97a76609df915ccMark Andrews The default is <span><strong class="command">yes</strong></span>.
f051d76c87e055c6ea3879e0c97a76609df915ccMark Andrews </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dl></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<div class="sect3" lang="en">
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<a name="id2561278"></a>Forwarding</h4></div></div></div>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<p>
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews The forwarding facility can be used to create a large site-wide
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews cache on a few servers, reducing traffic over links to external
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name servers. It can also be used to allow queries by servers that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein do not have direct access to the Internet, but wish to look up
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein exterior
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews names anyway. Forwarding occurs only on those queries for which
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews the server is not authoritative and does not have the answer in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein its cache.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="variablelist"><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">forward</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This option is only meaningful if the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein forwarders list is not empty. A value of <code class="varname">first</code>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the default, causes the server to query the forwarders
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein first &#8212; and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein if that doesn't answer the question, the server will then
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein look for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the answer itself. If <code class="varname">only</code> is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified, the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server will only query the forwarders.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">forwarders</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifies the IP addresses to be used
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for forwarding. The default is the empty list (no
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews forwarding).
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dl></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
f02216f5b390ff0a589fa080f29350fd7794bf5cMark Andrews Forwarding can also be configured on a per-domain basis, allowing
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews for the global forwarding options to be overridden in a variety
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews of ways. You can set particular domains to use different
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews forwarders,
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews or have a different <span><strong class="command">forward only/first</strong></span> behavior,
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews or not forward at all, see <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_statement_grammar" title="zone
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Statement Grammar">the section called &#8220;<span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Statement Grammar&#8221;</a>.
3a3705ef7747327df182bf8d009333d2472253d5Mark Andrews </p>
3a3705ef7747327df182bf8d009333d2472253d5Mark Andrews</div>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<div class="sect3" lang="en">
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<a name="id2561337"></a>Dual-stack Servers</h4></div></div></div>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Dual-stack servers are used as servers of last resort to work
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein around
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein problems in reachability due the lack of support for either IPv4
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein or IPv6
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein on the host machine.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="variablelist"><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">dual-stack-servers</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifies host names or addresses of machines with access to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein both IPv4 and IPv6 transports. If a hostname is used, the
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews server must be able
3a3705ef7747327df182bf8d009333d2472253d5Mark Andrews to resolve the name using only the transport it has. If the
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews machine is dual
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews stacked, then the <span><strong class="command">dual-stack-servers</strong></span> have no effect unless
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews access to a transport has been disabled on the command line
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews (e.g. <span><strong class="command">named -4</strong></span>).
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p></dd>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</dl></div>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</div>
a1b05dea35aa30b152a47115e18bbe679d3fcf19Mark Andrews<div class="sect3" lang="en">
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<a name="access_control"></a>Access Control</h4></div></div></div>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews Access to the server can be restricted based on the IP address
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews of the requesting system. See <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#address_match_lists" title="Address Match Lists">the section called &#8220;Address Match Lists&#8221;</a> for
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews details on how to specify IP address lists.
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews </p>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<div class="variablelist"><dl>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-notify</strong></span></span></dt>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dd><p>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews Specifies which hosts are allowed to
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews notify this server, a slave, of zone changes in addition
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews to the zone masters.
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">allow-notify</strong></span> may also be
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews specified in the
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> statement, in which case
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews it overrides the
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews <span><strong class="command">options allow-notify</strong></span>
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews statement. It is only meaningful
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews for a slave zone. If not specified, the default is to
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews process notify messages
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews only from a zone's master.
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews </p></dd>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-query</strong></span></span></dt>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<dd>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<p>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews Specifies which hosts are allowed to ask ordinary
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews DNS questions. <span><strong class="command">allow-query</strong></span> may
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews also be specified in the <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews statement, in which case it overrides the
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">options allow-query</strong></span> statement.
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews If not specified, the default is to allow queries
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews from all hosts.
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews </p>
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews<p>
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews <span><strong class="command">allow-query-cache</strong></span> is now
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews used to specify access to the cache.
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews </p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews</div>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews</dd>
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-query-cache</strong></span></span></dt>
6bf6622b7b9053dc52527478473b572f042c4b5bMark Andrews<dd>
6bf6622b7b9053dc52527478473b572f042c4b5bMark Andrews<p>
6bf6622b7b9053dc52527478473b572f042c4b5bMark Andrews Specifies which hosts are allowed to get answers
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews from the cache. The default is the builtin acls
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews <span><strong class="command">localnets</strong></span> and
6bf6622b7b9053dc52527478473b572f042c4b5bMark Andrews <span><strong class="command">localhost</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The way to set query access to the cache is now
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein via <span><strong class="command">allow-query-cache</strong></span>.
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater This differs from earlier versions which used
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">allow-query</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-recursion</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifies which hosts are allowed to make recursive
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein queries through this server. If not specified,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the default is to allow recursive queries from
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the builtin acls <span><strong class="command">localnets</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">localhost</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Note that disallowing recursive queries for a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein host does not prevent the host from retrieving
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein data that is already in the server's cache.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-update</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews Specifies which hosts are allowed to
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews submit Dynamic DNS updates for master zones. The default is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to deny
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein updates from all hosts. Note that allowing updates based
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein on the requestor's IP address is insecure; see
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#dynamic_update_security" title="Dynamic Update Security">the section called &#8220;Dynamic Update Security&#8221;</a> for details.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-update-forwarding</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifies which hosts are allowed to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein submit Dynamic DNS updates to slave zones to be forwarded to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein master. The default is <strong class="userinput"><code>{ none; }</code></strong>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein which
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein means that no update forwarding will be performed. To
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein enable
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein update forwarding, specify
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <strong class="userinput"><code>allow-update-forwarding { any; };</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifying values other than <strong class="userinput"><code>{ none; }</code></strong> or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <strong class="userinput"><code>{ any; }</code></strong> is usually
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein counterproductive, since
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the responsibility for update access control should rest
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein master server, not the slaves.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater Note that enabling the update forwarding feature on a slave
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein may expose master servers relying on insecure IP address
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein based
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein access control to attacks; see <a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#dynamic_update_security" title="Dynamic Update Security">the section called &#8220;Dynamic Update Security&#8221;</a>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for more details.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-v6-synthesis</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This option was introduced for the smooth transition from
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews AAAA
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews to A6 and from "nibble labels" to binary labels.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein However, since both A6 and binary labels were then
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein deprecated,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein this option was also deprecated.
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews It is now ignored with some warning messages.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-transfer</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifies which hosts are allowed to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein receive zone transfers from the server. <span><strong class="command">allow-transfer</strong></span> may
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein also be specified in the <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement, in which
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein case it overrides the <span><strong class="command">options allow-transfer</strong></span> statement.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If not specified, the default is to allow transfers to all
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein hosts.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">blackhole</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifies a list of addresses that the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server will not accept queries from or use to resolve a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein query. Queries
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein from these addresses will not be responded to. The default
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is <strong class="userinput"><code>none</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dl></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2561676"></a>Interfaces</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The interfaces and ports that the server will answer queries
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein from may be specified using the <span><strong class="command">listen-on</strong></span> option. <span><strong class="command">listen-on</strong></span> takes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein an optional port, and an <code class="varname">address_match_list</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The server will listen on all interfaces allowed by the address
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein match list. If a port is not specified, port 53 will be used.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews Multiple <span><strong class="command">listen-on</strong></span> statements are
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews allowed.
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews For example,
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews </p>
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews<pre class="programlisting">listen-on { 5.6.7.8; };
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrewslisten-on port 1234 { !1.2.3.4; 1.2/16; };
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will enable the name server on port 53 for the IP address
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 5.6.7.8, and on port 1234 of an address on the machine in net
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 1.2 that is not 1.2.3.4.
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews </p>
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If no <span><strong class="command">listen-on</strong></span> is specified, the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server will listen on port 53 on all interfaces.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews<p>
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews The <span><strong class="command">listen-on-v6</strong></span> option is used to
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews specify the interfaces and the ports on which the server will
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews listen
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews for incoming queries sent using IPv6.
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews </p>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews<p>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews When </p>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews<pre class="programlisting">{ any; }</pre>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews<p> is
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews specified
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews as the <code class="varname">address_match_list</code> for the
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">listen-on-v6</strong></span> option,
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews the server does not bind a separate socket to each IPv6 interface
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews address as it does for IPv4 if the operating system has enough API
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews support for IPv6 (specifically if it conforms to RFC 3493 and RFC
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews 3542).
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews Instead, it listens on the IPv6 wildcard address.
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews If the system only has incomplete API support for IPv6, however,
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews the behavior is the same as that for IPv4.
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews </p>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews<p>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews A list of particular IPv6 addresses can also be specified, in
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews which case
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews the server listens on a separate socket for each specified
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews address,
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews regardless of whether the desired API is supported by the system.
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews </p>
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews<p>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews Multiple <span><strong class="command">listen-on-v6</strong></span> options can
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews be used.
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews For example,
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews </p>
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews<pre class="programlisting">listen-on-v6 { any; };
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrewslisten-on-v6 port 1234 { !2001:db8::/32; any; };
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews</pre>
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews<p>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews will enable the name server on port 53 for any IPv6 addresses
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews (with a single wildcard socket),
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews and on port 1234 of IPv6 addresses that is not in the prefix
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews 2001:db8::/32 (with separate sockets for each matched address.)
a404eb87dc8f91fe81bedce8bb3957fc3c7684a5Mark Andrews </p>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews<p>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews To make the server not listen on any IPv6 address, use
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">listen-on-v6 { none; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
035992291cb70ec3be4046fcea921b4a6acb1c77Mark Andrews<p>
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews If no <span><strong class="command">listen-on-v6</strong></span> option is
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews specified,
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews the server will not listen on any IPv6 address.
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews </p>
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews</div>
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews<div class="sect3" lang="en">
bddb70a27123e31020438cff811d898d44b42c71Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2561765"></a>Query Address</h4></div></div></div>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews<p>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews If the server doesn't know the answer to a question, it will
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews query other name servers. <span><strong class="command">query-source</strong></span> specifies
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews the address and port used for such queries. For queries sent over
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews IPv6, there is a separate <span><strong class="command">query-source-v6</strong></span> option.
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews If <span><strong class="command">address</strong></span> is <span><strong class="command">*</strong></span> (asterisk) or is omitted,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a wildcard IP address (<span><strong class="command">INADDR_ANY</strong></span>)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will be used.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <span><strong class="command">port</strong></span> is <span><strong class="command">*</strong></span> or is omitted,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a random unprivileged port will be used. The <span><strong class="command">avoid-v4-udp-ports</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and <span><strong class="command">avoid-v6-udp-ports</strong></span> options can be used
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to prevent named
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein from selecting certain ports. The defaults are:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">query-source address * port *;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinquery-source-v6 address * port *;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The address specified in the <span><strong class="command">query-source</strong></span> option
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is used for both UDP and TCP queries, but the port applies only
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein UDP queries. TCP queries always use a random
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein unprivileged port.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Solaris 2.5.1 and earlier does not support setting the source
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein address for TCP sockets.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See also <span><strong class="command">transfer-source</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">notify-source</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="zone_transfers"></a>Zone Transfers</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="acronym">BIND</span> has mechanisms in place to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein facilitate zone transfers
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and set limits on the amount of load that transfers place on the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein system. The following options apply to zone transfers.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="variablelist"><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">also-notify</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Defines a global list of IP addresses of name servers
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that are also sent NOTIFY messages whenever a fresh copy of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone is loaded, in addition to the servers listed in the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone's NS records.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This helps to ensure that copies of the zones will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein quickly converge on stealth servers. If an <span><strong class="command">also-notify</strong></span> list
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is given in a <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> statement,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein it will override
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the <span><strong class="command">options also-notify</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement. When a <span><strong class="command">zone notify</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is set to <span><strong class="command">no</strong></span>, the IP
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein addresses in the global <span><strong class="command">also-notify</strong></span> list will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein not be sent NOTIFY messages for that zone. The default is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the empty
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein list (no global notification list).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-transfer-time-in</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Inbound zone transfers running longer than
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater this many minutes will be terminated. The default is 120
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein minutes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (2 hours). The maximum value is 28 days (40320 minutes).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-transfer-idle-in</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Inbound zone transfers making no progress
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in this many minutes will be terminated. The default is 60
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein minutes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (1 hour). The maximum value is 28 days (40320 minutes).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-transfer-time-out</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Outbound zone transfers running longer than
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce this many minutes will be terminated. The default is 120
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein minutes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (2 hours). The maximum value is 28 days (40320 minutes).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-transfer-idle-out</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Outbound zone transfers making no progress
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in this many minutes will be terminated. The default is 60
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein minutes (1
24e79a68e1b16324e17364fcd8959379ff6e20e9Mark Andrews hour). The maximum value is 28 days (40320 minutes).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">serial-query-rate</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Slave servers will periodically query master servers
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to find out if zone serial numbers have changed. Each such
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein query uses
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a minute amount of the slave server's network bandwidth. To
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein limit the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein amount of bandwidth used, BIND 9 limits the rate at which
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein queries are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein sent. The value of the <span><strong class="command">serial-query-rate</strong></span> option,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein an integer, is the maximum number of queries sent per
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein second.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is 20.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">serial-queries</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In BIND 8, the <span><strong class="command">serial-queries</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein option
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein set the maximum number of concurrent serial number queries
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein allowed to be outstanding at any given time.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein BIND 9 does not limit the number of outstanding
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein serial queries and ignores the <span><strong class="command">serial-queries</strong></span> option.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Instead, it limits the rate at which the queries are sent
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein as defined using the <span><strong class="command">serial-query-rate</strong></span> option.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">transfer-format</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Zone transfers can be sent using two different formats,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">one-answer</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">many-answers</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">transfer-format</strong></span> option is used
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein on the master server to determine which format it sends.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">one-answer</strong></span> uses one DNS message per
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein resource record transferred.
3eb9ec750c9088869170dda63e8899b2ba462823Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">many-answers</strong></span> packs as many resource
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein records as possible into a message.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">many-answers</strong></span> is more efficient, but is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein only supported by relatively new slave servers,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein such as <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9, <span class="acronym">BIND</span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 8.x and <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 4.9.5 onwards.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">many-answers</strong></span> format is also supported by
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein recent Microsoft Windows nameservers.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is <span><strong class="command">many-answers</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">transfer-format</strong></span> may be overridden on a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein per-server basis by using the <span><strong class="command">server</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">transfers-in</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
24e79a68e1b16324e17364fcd8959379ff6e20e9Mark Andrews The maximum number of inbound zone transfers
24e79a68e1b16324e17364fcd8959379ff6e20e9Mark Andrews that can be running concurrently. The default value is <code class="literal">10</code>.
24e79a68e1b16324e17364fcd8959379ff6e20e9Mark Andrews Increasing <span><strong class="command">transfers-in</strong></span> may
24e79a68e1b16324e17364fcd8959379ff6e20e9Mark Andrews speed up the convergence
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of slave zones, but it also may increase the load on the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein local system.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">transfers-out</strong></span></span></dt>
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The maximum number of outbound zone transfers
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that can be running concurrently. Zone transfer requests in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein excess
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of the limit will be refused. The default value is <code class="literal">10</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">transfers-per-ns</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The maximum number of inbound zone transfers
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that can be concurrently transferring from a given remote
a404eb87dc8f91fe81bedce8bb3957fc3c7684a5Mark Andrews name server.
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews The default value is <code class="literal">2</code>.
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews Increasing <span><strong class="command">transfers-per-ns</strong></span>
a404eb87dc8f91fe81bedce8bb3957fc3c7684a5Mark Andrews may
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews speed up the convergence of slave zones, but it also may
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews increase
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews the load on the remote name server. <span><strong class="command">transfers-per-ns</strong></span> may
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein be overridden on a per-server basis by using the <span><strong class="command">transfers</strong></span> phrase
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews of the <span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> statement.
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">transfer-source</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
3970098dcd2a7122541667b4b56cea8abce8ccf2Mark Andrews<p><span><strong class="command">transfer-source</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein determines which local address will be bound to IPv4
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews TCP connections used to fetch zones transferred
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews inbound by the server. It also determines the
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews source IPv4 address, and optionally the UDP port,
323514849331c83ff498a9303be223eb9f48b1a5Mark Andrews used for the refresh queries and forwarded dynamic
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews updates. If not set, it defaults to a system
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews controlled value which will usually be the address
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews of the interface "closest to" the remote end. This
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews address must appear in the remote end's
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">allow-transfer</strong></span> option for the
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews zone being transferred, if one is specified. This
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews statement sets the
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">transfer-source</strong></span> for all zones,
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews but can be overridden on a per-view or per-zone
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews basis by including a
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">transfer-source</strong></span> statement within
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews the <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> or
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> block in the configuration
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews file.
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Solaris 2.5.1 and earlier does not support setting the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein source address for TCP sockets.
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">transfer-source-v6</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The same as <span><strong class="command">transfer-source</strong></span>,
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews except zone transfers are performed using IPv6.
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews </p></dd>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">alt-transfer-source</strong></span></span></dt>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dd>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<p>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews An alternate transfer source if the one listed in
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">transfer-source</strong></span> fails and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">use-alt-transfer-source</strong></span> is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein set.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If you do not wish the alternate transfer source
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to be used, you should set
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">use-alt-transfer-source</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein appropriately and you should not depend upon
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein getting a answer back to the first refresh
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews query.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">alt-transfer-source-v6</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein An alternate transfer source if the one listed in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">transfer-source-v6</strong></span> fails and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">use-alt-transfer-source</strong></span> is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein set.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">use-alt-transfer-source</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Use the alternate transfer sources or not. If views are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified this defaults to <span><strong class="command">no</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein otherwise it defaults to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">yes</strong></span> (for BIND 8
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein compatibility).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">notify-source</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span><strong class="command">notify-source</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein determines which local source address, and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein optionally UDP port, will be used to send NOTIFY
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein messages. This address must appear in the slave
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server's <span><strong class="command">masters</strong></span> zone clause or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in an <span><strong class="command">allow-notify</strong></span> clause. This
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement sets the <span><strong class="command">notify-source</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for all zones, but can be overridden on a per-zone or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein per-view basis by including a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">notify-source</strong></span> statement within
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> block in the configuration
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Solaris 2.5.1 and earlier does not support setting the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein source address for TCP sockets.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">notify-source-v6</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Like <span><strong class="command">notify-source</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein but applies to notify messages sent to IPv6 addresses.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dl></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2562716"></a>Bad UDP Port Lists</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span><strong class="command">avoid-v4-udp-ports</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and <span><strong class="command">avoid-v6-udp-ports</strong></span> specify a list
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of IPv4 and IPv6 UDP ports that will not be used as system
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein assigned source ports for UDP sockets. These lists
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein prevent named from choosing as its random source port a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein port that is blocked by your firewall. If a query went
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein out with such a source port, the answer would not get by
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the firewall and the name server would have to query
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein again.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2562800"></a>Operating System Resource Limits</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The server's usage of many system resources can be limited.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Scaled values are allowed when specifying resource limits. For
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein example, <span><strong class="command">1G</strong></span> can be used instead of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">1073741824</strong></span> to specify a limit of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein one
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein gigabyte. <span><strong class="command">unlimited</strong></span> requests
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein unlimited use, or the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein maximum available amount. <span><strong class="command">default</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein uses the limit
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that was in force when the server was started. See the description
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of <span><strong class="command">size_spec</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#configuration_file_elements" title="Configuration File Elements">the section called &#8220;Configuration File Elements&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The following options set operating system resource limits for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the name server process. Some operating systems don't support
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews some or
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews any of the limits. On such systems, a warning will be issued if
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein unsupported limit is used.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="variablelist"><dl>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">coresize</strong></span></span></dt>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<dd><p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews The maximum size of a core dump. The default
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews is <code class="literal">default</code>.
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews </p></dd>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">datasize</strong></span></span></dt>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<dd><p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews The maximum amount of data memory the server
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews may use. The default is <code class="literal">default</code>.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews This is a hard limit on server memory usage.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews If the server attempts to allocate memory in excess of this
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews limit, the allocation will fail, which may in turn leave
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the server unable to perform DNS service. Therefore,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein this option is rarely useful as a way of limiting the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein amount of memory used by the server, but it can be used
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to raise an operating system data size limit that is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein too small by default. If you wish to limit the amount
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of memory used by the server, use the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">max-cache-size</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">recursive-clients</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein options instead.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">files</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The maximum number of files the server
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein may have open concurrently. The default is <code class="literal">unlimited</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">stacksize</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The maximum amount of stack memory the server
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein may use. The default is <code class="literal">default</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dl></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2562915"></a>Server Resource Limits</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The following options set limits on the server's
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein resource consumption that are enforced internally by the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server rather than the operating system.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="variablelist"><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-ixfr-log-size</strong></span></span></dt>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dd><p>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews This option is obsolete; it is accepted
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews and ignored for BIND 8 compatibility. The option
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">max-journal-size</strong></span> performs a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein similar function in BIND 9.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-journal-size</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Sets a maximum size for each journal file
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (see <a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#journal" title="The journal file">the section called &#8220;The journal file&#8221;</a>). When the journal file
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein approaches
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the specified size, some of the oldest transactions in the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein journal
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will be automatically removed. The default is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">unlimited</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">host-statistics-max</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In BIND 8, specifies the maximum number of host statistics
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein entries to be kept.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Not implemented in BIND 9.
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews </p></dd>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">recursive-clients</strong></span></span></dt>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dd><p>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews The maximum number of simultaneous recursive lookups
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews the server will perform on behalf of clients. The default
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews is
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews <code class="literal">1000</code>. Because each recursing
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews client uses a fair
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews bit of memory, on the order of 20 kilobytes, the value of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">recursive-clients</strong></span> option may
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein have to be decreased
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein on hosts with limited memory.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">tcp-clients</strong></span></span></dt>
00124ad0406365d39f4b2d1011ef6a76706e9df0Mark Andrews<dd><p>
00124ad0406365d39f4b2d1011ef6a76706e9df0Mark Andrews The maximum number of simultaneous client TCP
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein connections that the server will accept.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is <code class="literal">100</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-cache-size</strong></span></span></dt>
00124ad0406365d39f4b2d1011ef6a76706e9df0Mark Andrews<dd><p>
00124ad0406365d39f4b2d1011ef6a76706e9df0Mark Andrews The maximum amount of memory to use for the
00124ad0406365d39f4b2d1011ef6a76706e9df0Mark Andrews server's cache, in bytes. When the amount of data in the
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews cache
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews reaches this limit, the server will cause records to expire
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews prematurely so that the limit is not exceeded. In a server
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews with
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews multiple views, the limit applies separately to the cache of
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews each
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews view. The default is <code class="literal">unlimited</code>, meaning that
00124ad0406365d39f4b2d1011ef6a76706e9df0Mark Andrews records are purged from the cache only when their TTLs
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein expire.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">tcp-listen-queue</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The listen queue depth. The default and minimum is 3.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If the kernel supports the accept filter "dataready" this
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein also controls how
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein many TCP connections that will be queued in kernel space
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein waiting for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein some data before being passed to accept. Values less than 3
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein silently raised.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dl></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<a name="id2563116"></a>Periodic Task Intervals</h4></div></div></div>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<div class="variablelist"><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">cleaning-interval</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The server will remove expired resource records
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein from the cache every <span><strong class="command">cleaning-interval</strong></span> minutes.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is 60 minutes. The maximum value is 28 days
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews (40320 minutes).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If set to 0, no periodic cleaning will occur.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">heartbeat-interval</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The server will perform zone maintenance tasks
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews for all zones marked as <span><strong class="command">dialup</strong></span> whenever this
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews interval expires. The default is 60 minutes. Reasonable
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews values are up
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews to 1 day (1440 minutes). The maximum value is 28 days
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews (40320 minutes).
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews If set to 0, no zone maintenance for these zones will occur.
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews </p></dd>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">interface-interval</strong></span></span></dt>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The server will scan the network interface list
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein every <span><strong class="command">interface-interval</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein minutes. The default
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is 60 minutes. The maximum value is 28 days (40320 minutes).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If set to 0, interface scanning will only occur when
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the configuration file is loaded. After the scan, the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein begin listening for queries on any newly discovered
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein interfaces (provided they are allowed by the
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater <span><strong class="command">listen-on</strong></span> configuration), and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews stop listening on interfaces that have gone away.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">statistics-interval</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Name server statistics will be logged
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein every <span><strong class="command">statistics-interval</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein minutes. The default is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 60. The maximum value is 28 days (40320 minutes).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If set to 0, no statistics will be logged.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Not yet implemented in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="acronym">BIND</span>9.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dl></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="topology"></a>Topology</h4></div></div></div>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein All other things being equal, when the server chooses a name
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to query from a list of name servers, it prefers the one that is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein topologically closest to itself. The <span><strong class="command">topology</strong></span> statement
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein takes an <span><strong class="command">address_match_list</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein interprets it
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in a special way. Each top-level list element is assigned a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein distance.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Non-negated elements get a distance based on their position in the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein list, where the closer the match is to the start of the list, the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein shorter the distance is between it and the server. A negated match
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will be assigned the maximum distance from the server. If there
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is no match, the address will get a distance which is further than
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein any non-negated list element, and closer than any negated element.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For example,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">topology {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 10/8;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein !1.2.3/24;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { 1.2/16; 3/8; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will prefer servers on network 10 the most, followed by hosts
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein on network 1.2.0.0 (netmask 255.255.0.0) and network 3, with the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein exception of hosts on network 1.2.3 (netmask 255.255.255.0), which
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is preferred least of all.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default topology is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting"> topology { localhost; localnets; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">topology</strong></span> option
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is not implemented in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="the_sortlist_statement"></a>The <span><strong class="command">sortlist</strong></span> Statement</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The response to a DNS query may consist of multiple resource
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein records (RRs) forming a resource records set (RRset).
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater The name server will normally return the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RRs within the RRset in an indeterminate order
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (but see the <span><strong class="command">rrset-order</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#rrset_ordering" title="RRset Ordering">the section called &#8220;RRset Ordering&#8221;</a>).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The client resolver code should rearrange the RRs as appropriate,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that is, using any addresses on the local net in preference to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein other addresses.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein However, not all resolvers can do this or are correctly
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein configured.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein When a client is using a local server, the sorting can be performed
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in the server, based on the client's address. This only requires
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein configuring the name servers, not all the clients.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">sortlist</strong></span> statement (see below)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein takes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein an <span><strong class="command">address_match_list</strong></span> and
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews interprets it even
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein more specifically than the <span><strong class="command">topology</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein does (<a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#topology" title="Topology">the section called &#8220;Topology&#8221;</a>).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Each top level statement in the <span><strong class="command">sortlist</strong></span> must
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein itself be an explicit <span><strong class="command">address_match_list</strong></span> with
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein one or two elements. The first element (which may be an IP
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein address,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein an IP prefix, an ACL name or a nested <span><strong class="command">address_match_list</strong></span>)
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews of each top level list is checked against the source address of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the query until a match is found.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Once the source address of the query has been matched, if
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the top level statement contains only one element, the actual
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein primitive
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein element that matched the source address is used to select the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein address
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in the response to move to the beginning of the response. If the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement is a list of two elements, then the second element is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein treated the same as the <span><strong class="command">address_match_list</strong></span> in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a <span><strong class="command">topology</strong></span> statement. Each top
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein level element
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is assigned a distance and the address in the response with the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein minimum
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein distance is moved to the beginning of the response.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In the following example, any queries received from any of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the addresses of the host itself will get responses preferring
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein addresses
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein on any of the locally connected networks. Next most preferred are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein addresses
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein on the 192.168.1/24 network, and after that either the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 192.168.2/24
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 192.168.3/24 network with no preference shown between these two
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein networks. Queries received from a host on the 192.168.1/24 network
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will prefer other addresses on that network to the 192.168.2/24
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 192.168.3/24 networks. Queries received from a host on the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 192.168.4/24
276e28f813ffef042d5a6e9f3373ef4e2ad37996Mark Andrews or the 192.168.5/24 network will only prefer other addresses on
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein their directly connected networks.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">sortlist {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { localhost; // IF the local host
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { localnets; // THEN first fit on the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 192.168.1/24; // following nets
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { 192.168.2/24; 192.168.3/24; }; }; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { 192.168.1/24; // IF on class C 192.168.1
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { 192.168.1/24; // THEN use .1, or .2 or .3
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { 192.168.2/24; 192.168.3/24; }; }; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { 192.168.2/24; // IF on class C 192.168.2
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { 192.168.2/24; // THEN use .2, or .1 or .3
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { 192.168.1/24; 192.168.3/24; }; }; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { 192.168.3/24; // IF on class C 192.168.3
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { 192.168.3/24; // THEN use .3, or .1 or .2
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { 192.168.1/24; 192.168.2/24; }; }; };
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater { { 192.168.4/24; 192.168.5/24; }; // if .4 or .5, prefer that net
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater The following example will give reasonable behavior for the
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater local host and hosts on directly connected networks. It is similar
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to the behavior of the address sort in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 4.9.x. Responses sent
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater to queries from the local host will favor any of the directly
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater connected
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater networks. Responses sent to queries from any other hosts on a
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater directly
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater connected network will prefer addresses on that same network.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Responses
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to other queries will not be sorted.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">sortlist {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { localhost; localnets; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein { localnets; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="rrset_ordering"></a>RRset Ordering</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein When multiple records are returned in an answer it may be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein useful to configure the order of the records placed into the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein response.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">rrset-order</strong></span> statement permits
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein configuration
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of the ordering of the records in a multiple record response.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See also the <span><strong class="command">sortlist</strong></span> statement,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#the_sortlist_statement" title="The sortlist Statement">the section called &#8220;The <span><strong class="command">sortlist</strong></span> Statement&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein An <span><strong class="command">order_spec</strong></span> is defined as
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein follows:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional">class <em class="replaceable"><code>class_name</code></em></span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional">type <em class="replaceable"><code>type_name</code></em></span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional">name <em class="replaceable"><code>"domain_name"</code></em></span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein order <em class="replaceable"><code>ordering</code></em>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If no class is specified, the default is <span><strong class="command">ANY</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If no type is specified, the default is <span><strong class="command">ANY</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If no name is specified, the default is "<span><strong class="command">*</strong></span>" (asterisk).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The legal values for <span><strong class="command">ordering</strong></span> are:
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">fixed</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Records are returned in the order they
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are defined in the zone file.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">random</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Records are returned in some random order.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce</tr>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<tr>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">cyclic</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Records are returned in a round-robin
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein order.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For example:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">rrset-order {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein class IN type A name "host.example.com" order random;
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews order cyclic;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will cause any responses for type A records in class IN that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein have "<code class="literal">host.example.com</code>" as a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein suffix, to always be returned
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in random order. All other records are returned in cyclic order.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If multiple <span><strong class="command">rrset-order</strong></span> statements
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein appear,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein they are not combined &#8212; the last one applies.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">rrset-order</strong></span> statement
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is not yet fully implemented in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9.
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews BIND 9 currently does not fully support "fixed" ordering.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="tuning"></a>Tuning</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="variablelist"><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">lame-ttl</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Sets the number of seconds to cache a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein lame server indication. 0 disables caching. (This is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="bold"><strong>NOT</strong></span> recommended.)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is <code class="literal">600</code> (10 minutes) and the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein maximum value is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">1800</code> (30 minutes).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-ncache-ttl</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein To reduce network traffic and increase performance,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the server stores negative answers. <span><strong class="command">max-ncache-ttl</strong></span> is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein used to set a maximum retention time for these answers in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the server
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in seconds. The default
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">max-ncache-ttl</strong></span> is <code class="literal">10800</code> seconds (3 hours).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">max-ncache-ttl</strong></span> cannot exceed
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 7 days and will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein be silently truncated to 7 days if set to a greater value.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-cache-ttl</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Sets the maximum time for which the server will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein cache ordinary (positive) answers. The default is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein one week (7 days).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">min-roots</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The minimum number of root servers that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is required for a request for the root servers to be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein accepted. The default
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is <strong class="userinput"><code>2</code></strong>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Not implemented in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">sig-validity-interval</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifies the number of days into the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein future when DNSSEC signatures automatically generated as a
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson result
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson of dynamic updates (<a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#dynamic_update" title="Dynamic Update">the section called &#8220;Dynamic Update&#8221;</a>)
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson will expire. The default is <code class="literal">30</code> days.
4e243fdc6b33a6371208b48d64912d8e327b4f5cAndreas Gustafsson The maximum value is 10 years (3660 days). The signature
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson inception time is unconditionally set to one hour before the
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson current time
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce to allow for a limited amount of clock skew.
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson </p></dd>
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson<dt>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<span class="term"><span><strong class="command">min-refresh-time</strong></span>, </span><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-refresh-time</strong></span>, </span><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">min-retry-time</strong></span>, </span><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-retry-time</strong></span></span>
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson</dt>
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson<dd>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<p>
8e245ec21beee31a780de9b89ba1e8bb2b9f4c9aAndreas Gustafsson These options control the server's behavior on refreshing a
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce zone
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (querying for SOA changes) or retrying failed transfers.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Usually the SOA values for the zone are used, but these
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein values
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are set by the master, giving slave server administrators
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews little
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein control over their contents.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein These options allow the administrator to set a minimum and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein maximum
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein refresh and retry time either per-zone, per-view, or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein globally.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein These options are valid for slave and stub zones,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and clamp the SOA refresh and retry times to the specified
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce values.
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce </p>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">edns-udp-size</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Sets the advertised EDNS UDP buffer size in bytes. Valid
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein values are 512 to 4096 (values outside this range
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will be silently adjusted). The default value is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 4096. The usual reason for setting edns-udp-size to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a non-default value it to get UDP answers to pass
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein through broken firewalls that block fragmented
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein packets and/or block UDP packets that are greater
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein than 512 bytes.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-udp-size</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Sets the maximum EDNS UDP message size named will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein send in bytes. Valid values are 512 to 4096 (values outside
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein this range will be silently adjusted). The default
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein value is 4096. The usual reason for setting
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein max-udp-size to a non-default value is to get UDP
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein answers to pass through broken firewalls that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein block fragmented packets and/or block UDP packets
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews that are greater than 512 bytes.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">masterfile-format</strong></span></span></dt>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<dd><p>Specifies
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews the file format of zone files (see
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zonefile_format" title="Additional File Formats">the section called &#8220;Additional File Formats&#8221;</a>).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default value is <code class="constant">text</code>, which is the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein standard textual representation. Files in other formats
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews than <code class="constant">text</code> are typically expected
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to be generated by the <span><strong class="command">named-compilezone</strong></span> tool.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Note that when a zone file in a different format than
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="constant">text</code> is loaded, <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein may omit some of the checks which would be performed for a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file in the <code class="constant">text</code> format. In particular,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">check-names</strong></span> checks do not apply
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for the <code class="constant">raw</code> format. This means
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a zone file in the <code class="constant">raw</code> format
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein must be generated with the same check level as that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified in the <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> configuration
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file. This statement sets the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">masterfile-format</strong></span> for all zones,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein but can be overridden on a per-zone or per-view basis
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein by including a <span><strong class="command">masterfile-format</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement within the <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> block in the configuration
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<span class="term"><span><strong class="command">clients-per-query</strong></span>, </span><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-clients-per-query</strong></span></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>These set the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein initial value (minimum) and maximum number of recursive
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein simultanious clients for any given query
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (&lt;qname,qtype,qclass&gt;) that the server will accept
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein before dropping additional clients. named will attempt to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein self tune this value and changes will be logged. The
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein default values are 10 and 100.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This value should reflect how many queries come in for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a given name in the time it takes to resolve that name.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If the number of queries exceed this value, named will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein assume that it is dealing with a non-responsive zone
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and will drop additional queries. If it gets a response
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein after dropping queries, it will raise the estimate. The
767c53c304b86460d72eeec7d3304172cdd904bdEvan Hunt estimate will then be lowered in 20 minutes if it has
767c53c304b86460d72eeec7d3304172cdd904bdEvan Hunt remained unchanged.
767c53c304b86460d72eeec7d3304172cdd904bdEvan Hunt </p>
767c53c304b86460d72eeec7d3304172cdd904bdEvan Hunt<p>
767c53c304b86460d72eeec7d3304172cdd904bdEvan Hunt If <span><strong class="command">clients-per-query</strong></span> is set to zero,
767c53c304b86460d72eeec7d3304172cdd904bdEvan Hunt then there is no limit on the number of clients per query
767c53c304b86460d72eeec7d3304172cdd904bdEvan Hunt and no queries will be dropped.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <span><strong class="command">max-clients-per-query</strong></span> is set to zero,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein then there is no upper bound other than imposed by
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">recursive-clients</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dl></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<div class="sect3" lang="en">
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<a name="builtin"></a>Built-in server information zones</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The server provides some helpful diagnostic information
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein through a number of built-in zones under the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein pseudo-top-level-domain <code class="literal">bind</code> in the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">CHAOS</strong></span> class. These zones are part
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein built-in view (see <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#view_statement_grammar" title="view Statement Grammar">the section called &#8220;<span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Grammar&#8221;</a>) of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein class
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">CHAOS</strong></span> which is separate from the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein default view of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein class <span><strong class="command">IN</strong></span>; therefore, any global
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein server options
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein such as <span><strong class="command">allow-query</strong></span> do not apply
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the these zones.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If you feel the need to disable these zones, use the options
767c53c304b86460d72eeec7d3304172cdd904bdEvan Hunt below, or hide the built-in <span><strong class="command">CHAOS</strong></span>
767c53c304b86460d72eeec7d3304172cdd904bdEvan Hunt view by
767c53c304b86460d72eeec7d3304172cdd904bdEvan Hunt defining an explicit view of class <span><strong class="command">CHAOS</strong></span>
767c53c304b86460d72eeec7d3304172cdd904bdEvan Hunt that matches all clients.
767c53c304b86460d72eeec7d3304172cdd904bdEvan Hunt </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="variablelist"><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">version</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The version the server should report
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein via a query of the name <code class="literal">version.bind</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with type <span><strong class="command">TXT</strong></span>, class <span><strong class="command">CHAOS</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is the real version number of this server.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifying <span><strong class="command">version none</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein disables processing of the queries.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">hostname</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews The hostname the server should report via a query of
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews the name <code class="filename">hostname.bind</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with type <span><strong class="command">TXT</strong></span>, class <span><strong class="command">CHAOS</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This defaults to the hostname of the machine hosting the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name server as
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein found by the gethostname() function. The primary purpose of such queries
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews is to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein identify which of a group of anycast servers is actually
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein answering your queries. Specifying <span><strong class="command">hostname none;</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein disables processing of the queries.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">server-id</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The ID of the server should report via a query of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the name <code class="filename">ID.SERVER</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with type <span><strong class="command">TXT</strong></span>, class <span><strong class="command">CHAOS</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The primary purpose of such queries is to
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews identify which of a group of anycast servers is actually
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews answering your queries. Specifying <span><strong class="command">server-id none;</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein disables processing of the queries.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifying <span><strong class="command">server-id hostname;</strong></span> will cause named to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein use the hostname as found by the gethostname() function.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default <span><strong class="command">server-id</strong></span> is <span><strong class="command">none</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dl></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="empty"></a>Built-in Empty Zones</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Named has some built-in empty zones (SOA and NS records only).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein These are for zones that should normally be answered locally
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and which queries should not be sent to the Internet's root
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews servers. The offical servers which cover these namespaces
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein return NXDOMAIN responses to these queries. In particular,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein these cover the reverse namespace for addresses from RFC 1918 and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RFC 3330. They also include the reverse namespace for IPv6 local
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein address (locally assigned), IPv6 link local addresses, the IPv6
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater loopback address and the IPv6 unknown addresss.
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater </p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater Named will attempt to determine if a built in zone already exists
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater or is active (covered by a forward-only forwarding declaration)
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater and will not not create a empty zone in that case.
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater </p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater The current list of empty zones is:
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater </p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc">
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>10.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>127.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>254.169.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>16.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>17.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>18.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>19.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>20.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>21.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>22.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>23.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>24.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>25.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>26.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>27.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>28.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>29.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>30.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>31.172.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>168.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>2.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.IP6.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.IP6.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>D.F.IP6.ARPA</li>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<li>8.E.F.IP6.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>9.E.F.IP6.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>A.E.F.IP6.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<li>B.E.F.IP6.ARPA</li>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater</ul></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater </p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater Empty zones are settable at the view level and only apply to
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater views of class IN. Disabled empty zones are only inherited
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater from options if there are no disabled empty zones specified
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater at the view level. To override the options list of disabled
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater zones, you can disable the root zone at the view level, for example:
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater</p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<pre class="programlisting">
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater disable-empty-zone ".";
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater</pre>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If you are using the address ranges covered here, you should
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein already have reverse zones covering the addresses you use.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In practice this appears to not be the case with many queries
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein being made to the infrustructure servers for names in these
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein spaces. So many in fact that sacrificial servers were needed
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to be deployed to channel the query load away from the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein infrustructure servers.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The real parent servers for these zones should disable all
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein empty zone under the parent zone they serve. For the real
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein root servers, this is all built in empty zones. This will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein enable them to return referrals to deeper in the tree.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="variablelist"><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">empty-server</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specify what server name will appear in the returned
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein SOA record for empty zones. If none is specified, then
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the zone's name will be used.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">empty-contact</strong></span></span></dt>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<dd><p>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews Specify what contact name will appear in the returned
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein SOA record for empty zones. If none is specified, then
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein "." will be used.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">empty-zones-enable</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Enable or disable all empty zones. By default they
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are enabled.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">disable-empty-zone</strong></span></span></dt>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dd><p>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews Disable individual empty zones. By default none are
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews disabled. This option can be specified multiple times.
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews </p></dd>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews</dl></div>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews</div>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<div class="sect3" lang="en">
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<a name="statsfile"></a>The Statistics File</h4></div></div></div>
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews<p>
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews The statistics file generated by <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews is similar, but not identical, to that
7208386cd37a2092c70eddf80cf29519b16c4c80Mark Andrews generated by <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8.
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews The statistics dump begins with a line, like:
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">+++ Statistics Dump +++ (973798949)</strong></span>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews The number in parentheses is a standard
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Unix-style timestamp, measured as seconds since January 1, 1970.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Following
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews that line are a series of lines containing a counter type, the
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews value of the
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews counter, optionally a zone name, and optionally a view name.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews The lines without view and zone listed are global statistics for
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews the entire server.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Lines with a zone and view name for the given view and zone (the
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews view name is
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews omitted for the default view).
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews The statistics dump ends with the line where the
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews number is identical to the number in the beginning line; for example:
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews<p>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">--- Statistics Dump --- (973798949)</strong></span>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews </p>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews<p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews The following statistics counters are maintained:
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews </p>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews<colgroup>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews<col>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews<col>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews</colgroup>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews<tbody>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews<tr>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews<td>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews <p><span><strong class="command">success</strong></span></p>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews </td>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews<td>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews <p>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews The number of
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews successful queries made to the server or zone. A
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews successful query
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews is defined as query which returns a NOERROR response
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews with at least
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews one answer RR.
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews </p>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews </td>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews</tr>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews<tr>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<td>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews <p><span><strong class="command">referral</strong></span></p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews </td>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews<td>
68abac6cb23aa2c6489ccc16663e051d7aad3ad9Mark Andrews <p>
d71e2e0c61df16ff37c9934c371a4a60c08974f7Mark Andrews The number of queries which resulted
d71e2e0c61df16ff37c9934c371a4a60c08974f7Mark Andrews in referral responses.
d71e2e0c61df16ff37c9934c371a4a60c08974f7Mark Andrews </p>
d71e2e0c61df16ff37c9934c371a4a60c08974f7Mark Andrews </td>
d71e2e0c61df16ff37c9934c371a4a60c08974f7Mark Andrews</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">nxrrset</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The number of queries which resulted in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein NOERROR responses with no data.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">nxdomain</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The number
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of queries which resulted in NXDOMAIN responses.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">failure</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The number of queries which resulted in a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein failure response other than those above.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">recursion</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The number of queries which caused the server
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to perform recursion in order to find the final answer.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Each query received by the server will cause exactly one of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">success</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">referral</strong></span>,
9011c72c568aedd03709f56f21d639fd55944a74Automatic Updater <span><strong class="command">nxrrset</strong></span>,
9011c72c568aedd03709f56f21d639fd55944a74Automatic Updater <span><strong class="command">nxdomain</strong></span>, or
9011c72c568aedd03709f56f21d639fd55944a74Automatic Updater <span><strong class="command">failure</strong></span>
9011c72c568aedd03709f56f21d639fd55944a74Automatic Updater to be incremented, and may additionally cause the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">recursion</strong></span> counter to be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein incremented.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="acache"></a>Additional Section Caching</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The additional section cache, also called <span><strong class="command">acache</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is an internal cache to improve the response performance of BIND 9.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein When additional section caching is enabled, BIND 9 will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein cache an internal short-cut to the additional section content for
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews each answer RR.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews Note that <span><strong class="command">acache</strong></span> is an internal caching
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews mechanism of BIND 9, and is not related to the DNS caching
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews server function.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews </p>
a1b05dea35aa30b152a47115e18bbe679d3fcf19Mark Andrews<p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews Additional section caching does not change the
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews response content (except the RRsets ordering of the additional
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews section, see below), but can improve the response performance
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews significantly.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews It is particularly effective when BIND 9 acts as an authoritative
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews server for a zone that has many delegations with many glue RRs.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews </p>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews<p>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews In order to obtain the maximum performance improvement
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews from additional section caching, setting
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">additional-from-cache</strong></span>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews to <span><strong class="command">no</strong></span> is recommended, since the current
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews implementation of <span><strong class="command">acache</strong></span>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews does not short-cut of additional section information from the
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews DNS cache data.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews </p>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews<p>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews One obvious disadvantage of <span><strong class="command">acache</strong></span> is
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews that it requires much more
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews memory for the internal cached data.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews Thus, if the response performance does not matter and memory
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews consumption is much more critical, the
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">acache</strong></span> mechanism can be
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews disabled by setting <span><strong class="command">acache-enable</strong></span> to
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">no</strong></span>.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews It is also possible to specify the upper limit of memory
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews consumption
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews for acache by using <span><strong class="command">max-acache-size</strong></span>.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews </p>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews<p>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews Additional section caching also has a minor effect on the
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews RRset ordering in the additional section.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews Without <span><strong class="command">acache</strong></span>,
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">cyclic</strong></span> order is effective for the additional
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews section as well as the answer and authority sections.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews However, additional section caching fixes the ordering when it
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews first caches an RRset for the additional section, and the same
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews ordering will be kept in succeeding responses, regardless of the
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews setting of <span><strong class="command">rrset-order</strong></span>.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews The effect of this should be minor, however, since an
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews RRset in the additional section
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews typically only contains a small number of RRs (and in many cases
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews it only contains a single RR), in which case the
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews ordering does not matter much.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews </p>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews<p>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews The following is a summary of options related to
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">acache</strong></span>.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews </p>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews<div class="variablelist"><dl>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">acache-enable</strong></span></span></dt>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<dd><p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews If <span><strong class="command">yes</strong></span>, additional section caching is
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews enabled. The default value is <span><strong class="command">no</strong></span>.
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews </p></dd>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">acache-cleaning-interval</strong></span></span></dt>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<dd><p>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews The server will remove stale cache entries, based on an LRU
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews based
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews algorithm, every <span><strong class="command">acache-cleaning-interval</strong></span> minutes.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews The default is 60 minutes.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews If set to 0, no periodic cleaning will occur.
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews </p></dd>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-acache-size</strong></span></span></dt>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews<dd><p>
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews The maximum amount of memory in bytes to use for the server's acache.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews When the amount of data in the acache reaches this limit,
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews the server
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews will clean more aggressively so that the limit is not
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews exceeded.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews In a server with multiple views, the limit applies
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews separately to the
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews acache of each view.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews The default is <code class="literal">unlimited</code>,
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews meaning that
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews entries are purged from the acache only at the
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews periodic cleaning time.
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews </p></dd>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews</dl></div>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews</div>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews</div>
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews<div class="sect2" lang="en">
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews<a name="server_statement_grammar"></a><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<pre class="programlisting">server <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr[/prefixlen]</code></em> {
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> bogus <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> provide-ixfr <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> request-ixfr <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> edns <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews [<span class="optional"> edns-udp-size <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> max-udp-size <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> transfers <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> transfer-format <em class="replaceable"><code>( one-answer | many-answers )</code></em> ; ]</span>]
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> keys <em class="replaceable"><code>{ string ; [<span class="optional"> string ; [<span class="optional">...</span>]</span>] }</code></em> ; </span>]
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews [<span class="optional"> transfer-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> transfer-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> notify-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> notify-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> query-source [<span class="optional"> address ( <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em> ) </span>] [<span class="optional"> port ( <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em> ) </span>]; </span>]
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> query-source-v6 [<span class="optional"> address ( <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em> ) </span>] [<span class="optional"> port ( <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>*</code></em> ) </span>]; </span>]
1586d8cbac5d73031716561386f60758c6c332d5Mark Andrews};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<div class="sect2" lang="en">
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<a name="server_statement_definition_and_usage"></a><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Definition and
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Usage</h3></div></div></div>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews The <span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> statement defines
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews characteristics
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews to be associated with a remote name server. If a prefix length is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified, then a range of servers is covered. Only the most
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specific
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews server clause applies regardless of the order in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> statement can occur at
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews the top level of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein configuration file or inside a <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews If a <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> statement contains
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews one or more <span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> statements, only
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews those
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews apply to the view and any top-level ones are ignored.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews If a view contains no <span><strong class="command">server</strong></span>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews statements,
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews any top-level <span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> statements are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein used as
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein defaults.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If you discover that a remote server is giving out bad data,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein marking it as bogus will prevent further queries to it. The
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews default
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews value of <span><strong class="command">bogus</strong></span> is <span><strong class="command">no</strong></span>.
df6faef67126d1277b0f21defd41c54994bf6fcfMark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">provide-ixfr</strong></span> clause determines
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein whether
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews the local server, acting as master, will respond with an
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein incremental
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone transfer when the given remote server, a slave, requests it.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews If set to <span><strong class="command">yes</strong></span>, incremental transfer
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews will be provided
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews whenever possible. If set to <span><strong class="command">no</strong></span>,
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews all transfers
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to the remote server will be non-incremental. If not set, the
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews value
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of the <span><strong class="command">provide-ixfr</strong></span> option in the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein view or
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews global options block is used as a default.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">request-ixfr</strong></span> clause determines
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews whether
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the local server, acting as a slave, will request incremental zone
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein transfers from the given remote server, a master. If not set, the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein value of the <span><strong class="command">request-ixfr</strong></span> option in
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews the view or
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews global options block is used as a default.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
df6faef67126d1277b0f21defd41c54994bf6fcfMark Andrews IXFR requests to servers that do not support IXFR will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein automatically
df6faef67126d1277b0f21defd41c54994bf6fcfMark Andrews fall back to AXFR. Therefore, there is no need to manually list
df6faef67126d1277b0f21defd41c54994bf6fcfMark Andrews which servers support IXFR and which ones do not; the global
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein default
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of <span><strong class="command">yes</strong></span> should always work.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The purpose of the <span><strong class="command">provide-ixfr</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">request-ixfr</strong></span> clauses is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to make it possible to disable the use of IXFR even when both
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein master
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and slave claim to support it, for example if one of the servers
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews is buggy and crashes or corrupts data when IXFR is used.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">edns</strong></span> clause determines whether
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews the local server will attempt to use EDNS when communicating
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with the remote server. The default is <span><strong class="command">yes</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">edns-udp-size</strong></span> option sets the EDNS UDP size
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that is advertised by named when querying the remote server.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Valid values are 512 to 4096 bytes (values outside this range will be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein silently adjusted). This option is useful when you wish to
276e28f813ffef042d5a6e9f3373ef4e2ad37996Mark Andrews advertises a different value to this server than the value you
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein advertise globally, for example, when there is a firewall at the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein remote site that is blocking large replies.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">max-udp-size</strong></span> option sets the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein maximum EDNS UDP message size named will send. Valid
98b5a9d1099f72169c90de39712fc4f63e9d990eAutomatic Updater values are 512 to 4096 bytes (values outside this range will
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews be silently adjusted). This option is useful when you
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews know that there is a firewall that is blocking large
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews replies from named.
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews </p>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews<p>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews The server supports two zone transfer methods. The first, <span><strong class="command">one-answer</strong></span>,
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews uses one DNS message per resource record transferred. <span><strong class="command">many-answers</strong></span> packs
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews as many resource records as possible into a message. <span><strong class="command">many-answers</strong></span> is
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater more efficient, but is only known to be understood by <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9, <span class="acronym">BIND</span>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews 8.x, and patched versions of <span class="acronym">BIND</span>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews 4.9.5. You can specify which method
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews to use for a server with the <span><strong class="command">transfer-format</strong></span> option.
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews If <span><strong class="command">transfer-format</strong></span> is not
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews specified, the <span><strong class="command">transfer-format</strong></span>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews specified
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews by the <span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> statement will be
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews used.
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews </p>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews<p><span><strong class="command">transfers</strong></span>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews is used to limit the number of concurrent inbound zone
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews transfers from the specified server. If no
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">transfers</strong></span> clause is specified, the
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews limit is set according to the
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">transfers-per-ns</strong></span> option.
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews </p>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews<p>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews The <span><strong class="command">keys</strong></span> clause identifies a
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">key_id</strong></span> defined by the <span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> statement,
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews to be used for transaction security (TSIG, <a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#tsig" title="TSIG">the section called &#8220;TSIG&#8221;</a>)
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews when talking to the remote server.
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews When a request is sent to the remote server, a request signature
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews will be generated using the key specified here and appended to the
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews message. A request originating from the remote server is not
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews required
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews to be signed by this key.
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews </p>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews<p>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews Although the grammar of the <span><strong class="command">keys</strong></span>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews clause
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews allows for multiple keys, only a single key per server is
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews currently
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews supported.
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews </p>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews<p>
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews The <span><strong class="command">transfer-source</strong></span> and
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">transfer-source-v6</strong></span> clauses specify
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews the IPv4 and IPv6 source
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews address to be used for zone transfer with the remote server,
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews respectively.
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews For an IPv4 remote server, only <span><strong class="command">transfer-source</strong></span> can
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews be specified.
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews Similarly, for an IPv6 remote server, only
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">transfer-source-v6</strong></span> can be
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews specified.
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews For more details, see the description of
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">transfer-source</strong></span> and
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">transfer-source-v6</strong></span> in
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_transfers" title="Zone Transfers">the section called &#8220;Zone Transfers&#8221;</a>.
c6d486af36165da7eb970354981d145249e342e4Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
a53c45b2b8e778663ea51834272169dc946b6672Mark Andrews The <span><strong class="command">notify-source</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">notify-source-v6</strong></span> clauses specify the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein IPv4 and IPv6 source address to be used for notify
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein messages sent to remote servers, respectively. For an
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein IPv4 remote server, only <span><strong class="command">notify-source</strong></span>
00124ad0406365d39f4b2d1011ef6a76706e9df0Mark Andrews can be specified. Similarly, for an IPv6 remote server,
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews only <span><strong class="command">notify-source-v6</strong></span> can be specified.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">query-source</strong></span> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">query-source-v6</strong></span> clauses specify the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein IPv4 and IPv6 source address to be used for queries
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews sent to remote servers, respectively. For an IPv4
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews remote server, only <span><strong class="command">query-source</strong></span> can
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews be specified. Similarly, for an IPv6 remote server,
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews only <span><strong class="command">query-source-v6</strong></span> can be specified.
a404eb87dc8f91fe81bedce8bb3957fc3c7684a5Mark Andrews </p>
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews</div>
89bc48260b64a8859ae717e9e5bae380e275fef4Mark Andrews<div class="sect2" lang="en">
a404eb87dc8f91fe81bedce8bb3957fc3c7684a5Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2565889"></a><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">trusted-keys {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; [<span class="optional">...</span>]</span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2565938"></a><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> statement defines
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein DNSSEC security roots. DNSSEC is described in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#DNSSEC" title="DNSSEC">the section called &#8220;DNSSEC&#8221;</a>. A security root is defined when the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein public key for a non-authoritative zone is known, but
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein cannot be securely obtained through DNS, either because
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein it is the DNS root zone or because its parent zone is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein unsigned. Once a key has been configured as a trusted
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein key, it is treated as if it had been validated and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein proven secure. The resolver attempts DNSSEC validation
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein on all DNS data in subdomains of a security root.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein All keys (and corresponding zones) listed in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> are deemed to exist regardless
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of what parent zones say. Similarly for all keys listed in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> only those keys are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein used to validate the DNSKEY RRset. The parent's DS RRset
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein will not be used.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> statement can contain
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein multiple key entries, each consisting of the key's
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein domain name, flags, protocol, algorithm, and the Base-64
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein representation of the key data.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="view_statement_grammar"></a><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">view <em class="replaceable"><code>view_name</code></em>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"><em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span>] {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein match-clients { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein match-destinations { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein match-recursive-only <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>view_option</code></em>; ...</span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>zone_statement</code></em>; ...</span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2566018"></a><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> statement is a powerful
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein feature
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 that lets a name server
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein answer a DNS query differently
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein depending on who is asking. It is particularly useful for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein implementing
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein split DNS setups without having to run multiple servers.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Each <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> statement defines a view
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein DNS namespace that will be seen by a subset of clients. A client
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein matches
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a view if its source IP address matches the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">address_match_list</code> of the view's
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">match-clients</strong></span> clause and its
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein destination IP address matches
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the <code class="varname">address_match_list</code> of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein view's
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">match-destinations</strong></span> clause. If not
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified, both
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">match-clients</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">match-destinations</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein default to matching all addresses. In addition to checking IP
00124ad0406365d39f4b2d1011ef6a76706e9df0Mark Andrews addresses
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">match-clients</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">match-destinations</strong></span>
00124ad0406365d39f4b2d1011ef6a76706e9df0Mark Andrews can also take <span><strong class="command">keys</strong></span> which provide an
00124ad0406365d39f4b2d1011ef6a76706e9df0Mark Andrews mechanism for the
00124ad0406365d39f4b2d1011ef6a76706e9df0Mark Andrews client to select the view. A view can also be specified
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews as <span><strong class="command">match-recursive-only</strong></span>, which
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews means that only recursive
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews requests from matching clients will match that view.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews The order of the <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> statements is
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews significant &#8212;
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews a client request will be resolved in the context of the first
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> that it matches.
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews </p>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<p>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews Zones defined within a <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews statement will
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews be only be accessible to clients that match the <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span>.
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews By defining a zone of the same name in multiple views, different
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews zone data can be given to different clients, for example,
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews "internal"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and "external" clients in a split DNS setup.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Many of the options given in the <span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> statement
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews can also be used within a <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews statement, and then
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein apply only when resolving queries with that view. When no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein view-specific
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein value is given, the value in the <span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> statement
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is used as a default. Also, zone options can have default values
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in the <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> statement; these
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein view-specific defaults
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein take precedence over those in the <span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> statement.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Views are class specific. If no class is given, class IN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is assumed. Note that all non-IN views must contain a hint zone,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein since only the IN class has compiled-in default hints.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If there are no <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> statements in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the config
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file, a default view that matches any client is automatically
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein created
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in class IN. Any <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> statements
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified on
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the top level of the configuration file are considered to be part
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein this default view, and the <span><strong class="command">options</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein apply to the default view. If any explicit <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statements are present, all <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statements must
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein occur inside <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> statements.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Here is an example of a typical split DNS setup implemented
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein using <span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> statements:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">view "internal" {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein // This should match our internal networks.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein match-clients { 10.0.0.0/8; };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein // Provide recursive service to internal clients only.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein recursion yes;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein // Provide a complete view of the example.com zone
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein // including addresses of internal hosts.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone "example.com" {
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews type master;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file "example-internal.db";
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein };
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrewsview "external" {
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews // Match all clients not matched by the previous view.
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews match-clients { any; };
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews // Refuse recursive service to external clients.
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews recursion no;
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews // Provide a restricted view of the example.com zone
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews // containing only publicly accessible hosts.
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews zone "example.com" {
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews type master;
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews file "example-external.db";
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews };
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews};
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews</pre>
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews</div>
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews<div class="sect2" lang="en">
dca44b90c96352111e0f1cdfdeccde1a13732161Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="zone_statement_grammar"></a><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Statement Grammar</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">zone <em class="replaceable"><code>zone_name</code></em> [<span class="optional"><em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span>] {
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater type master;
a53c45b2b8e778663ea51834272169dc946b6672Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> allow-query { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> allow-transfer { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> allow-update { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce [<span class="optional"> update-policy { <em class="replaceable"><code>update_policy_rule</code></em> [<span class="optional">...</span>] }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> also-notify { <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; ... </span>] }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> check-names (<code class="constant">warn</code>|<code class="constant">fail</code>|<code class="constant">ignore</code>) ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> check-mx (<code class="constant">warn</code>|<code class="constant">fail</code>|<code class="constant">ignore</code>) ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> check-wildcard <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater [<span class="optional"> check-integrity <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> dialup <em class="replaceable"><code>dialup_option</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> file <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> masterfile-format (<code class="constant">text</code>|<code class="constant">raw</code>) ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> journal <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> forward (<code class="constant">only</code>|<code class="constant">first</code>) ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> forwarders { [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; ... </span>] }; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> ixfr-base <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> ixfr-tmp-file <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> maintain-ixfr-base <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> max-ixfr-log-size <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> max-transfer-idle-out <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-transfer-time-out <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
dcb551033f0b33eb5c113169750a61084d8250a1Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> notify <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>explicit</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>master-only</code></em> ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> pubkey <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> notify-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> notify-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> zone-statistics <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews [<span class="optional"> sig-validity-interval <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> database <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
dcb551033f0b33eb5c113169750a61084d8250a1Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> min-refresh-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-refresh-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> min-retry-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> max-retry-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> key-directory <em class="replaceable"><code>path_name</code></em>; </span>]
6101b9f0d904a708e900a74abc16d1e0eda67264Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> zero-no-soa-ttl <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinzone <em class="replaceable"><code>zone_name</code></em> [<span class="optional"><em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span>] {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein type slave;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> allow-notify { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
a53c45b2b8e778663ea51834272169dc946b6672Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> allow-query { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> allow-transfer { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> allow-update-forwarding { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> update-check-ksk <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> try-tcp-refresh <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> also-notify { <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; ... </span>] }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> check-names (<code class="constant">warn</code>|<code class="constant">fail</code>|<code class="constant">ignore</code>) ; </span>]
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce [<span class="optional"> dialup <em class="replaceable"><code>dialup_option</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> file <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> masterfile-format (<code class="constant">text</code>|<code class="constant">raw</code>) ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> journal <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> forward (<code class="constant">only</code>|<code class="constant">first</code>) ; </span>]
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater [<span class="optional"> forwarders { [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; ... </span>] }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> ixfr-base <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> ixfr-tmp-file <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> maintain-ixfr-base <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews [<span class="optional"> masters [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] { ( <em class="replaceable"><code>masters_list</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] [<span class="optional">key <em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em></span>] ) ; [<span class="optional">...</span>] }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-ixfr-log-size <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-transfer-idle-in <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-transfer-idle-out <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-transfer-time-in <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-transfer-time-out <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> notify <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>explicit</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>master-only</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> pubkey <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> transfer-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> transfer-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> alt-transfer-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> alt-transfer-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> use-alt-transfer-source <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> notify-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> notify-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> zone-statistics <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> database <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> min-refresh-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-refresh-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> min-retry-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-retry-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> multi-master <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> zero-no-soa-ttl <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinzone <em class="replaceable"><code>zone_name</code></em> [<span class="optional"><em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span>] {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein type hint;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> delegation-only <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> check-names (<code class="constant">warn</code>|<code class="constant">fail</code>|<code class="constant">ignore</code>) ; // Not Implemented. </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinzone <em class="replaceable"><code>zone_name</code></em> [<span class="optional"><em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span>] {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein type stub;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> allow-query { <em class="replaceable"><code>address_match_list</code></em> }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> check-names (<code class="constant">warn</code>|<code class="constant">fail</code>|<code class="constant">ignore</code>) ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> dialup <em class="replaceable"><code>dialup_option</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> delegation-only <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> file <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> masterfile-format (<code class="constant">text</code>|<code class="constant">raw</code>) ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> forward (<code class="constant">only</code>|<code class="constant">first</code>) ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> forwarders { [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; ... </span>] }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> masters [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] { ( <em class="replaceable"><code>masters_list</code></em> | <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] [<span class="optional">key <em class="replaceable"><code>key</code></em></span>] ) ; [<span class="optional">...</span>] }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-transfer-idle-in <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-transfer-time-in <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> pubkey <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> transfer-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> transfer-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> alt-transfer-source (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip4_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> alt-transfer-source-v6 (<em class="replaceable"><code>ip6_addr</code></em> | <code class="constant">*</code>) [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> use-alt-transfer-source <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em>; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> zone-statistics <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> database <em class="replaceable"><code>string</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> min-refresh-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-refresh-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> min-retry-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> max-retry-time <em class="replaceable"><code>number</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> multi-master <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinzone <em class="replaceable"><code>zone_name</code></em> [<span class="optional"><em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span>] {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein type forward;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> forward (<code class="constant">only</code>|<code class="constant">first</code>) ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> forwarders { [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_addr</code></em> [<span class="optional">port <em class="replaceable"><code>ip_port</code></em></span>] ; ... </span>] }; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> delegation-only <em class="replaceable"><code>yes_or_no</code></em> ; </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinzone <em class="replaceable"><code>zone_name</code></em> [<span class="optional"><em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span>] {
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein type delegation-only;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein};
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2567395"></a><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2567402"></a>Zone Types</h4></div></div></div>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson<col>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce</colgroup>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson<tbody>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson<tr>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<td>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson <p>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson <code class="varname">master</code>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson </p>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce </td>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<td>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce <p>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce The server has a master copy of the data
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce for the zone and will be able to provide authoritative
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson answers for
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce it.
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson </p>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce </td>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson</tr>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson<tr>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<td>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson <p>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson <code class="varname">slave</code>
727f5b8846457a33d06f515a10a7e1aa849ddf18Andreas Gustafsson </p>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce </td>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce<td>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce <p>
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce A slave zone is a replica of a master
f293a69bcd1c1dd7bdac8f4102fc2398b9e475c8Eric Luce zone. The <span><strong class="command">masters</strong></span> list
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specifies one or more IP addresses
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of master servers that the slave contacts to update
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein its copy of the zone.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Masters list elements can also be names of other
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein masters lists.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein By default, transfers are made from port 53 on the
a53c45b2b8e778663ea51834272169dc946b6672Mark Andrews servers; this can
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews be changed for all servers by specifying a port number
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews before the
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews list of IP addresses, or on a per-server basis after
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews the IP address.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Authentication to the master can also be done with
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews per-server TSIG keys.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If a file is specified, then the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein replica will be written to this file whenever the zone
3a3705ef7747327df182bf8d009333d2472253d5Mark Andrews is changed,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and reloaded from this file on a server restart. Use
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews of a file is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein recommended, since it often speeds server startup and
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews eliminates
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews a needless waste of bandwidth. Note that for large
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews numbers (in the
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews tens or hundreds of thousands) of zones per server, it
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews is best to
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews use a two-level naming scheme for zone file names. For
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews example,
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews a slave server for the zone <code class="literal">example.com</code> might place
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews the zone contents into a file called
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews <code class="filename">ex/example.com</code> where <code class="filename">ex/</code> is
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews just the first two letters of the zone name. (Most
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews operating systems
d71e2e0c61df16ff37c9934c371a4a60c08974f7Mark Andrews behave very slowly if you put 100 000 files into
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews a single directory.)
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews </p>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews </td>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews</tr>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews<tr>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews<td>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater <p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater <code class="varname">stub</code>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater </p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater </td>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews<td>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews <p>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews A stub zone is similar to a slave zone,
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews except that it replicates only the NS records of a
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews master zone instead
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews of the entire zone. Stub zones are not a standard part
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews of the DNS;
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews they are a feature specific to the <span class="acronym">BIND</span> implementation.
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews </p>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews <p>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews Stub zones can be used to eliminate the need for glue
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews NS record
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews in a parent zone at the expense of maintaining a stub
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews zone entry and
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews a set of name server addresses in <code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews This usage is not recommended for new configurations,
6bf6622b7b9053dc52527478473b572f042c4b5bMark Andrews and BIND 9
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews supports it only in a limited way.
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews In <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 4/8, zone
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews transfers of a parent zone
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein included the NS records from stub children of that
7208386cd37a2092c70eddf80cf29519b16c4c80Mark Andrews zone. This meant
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that, in some cases, users could get away with
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein configuring child stubs
7326ba2f542b89196323867a1457f596f99e315dMark Andrews only in the master server for the parent zone. <span class="acronym">BIND</span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 9 never mixes together zone data from different zones
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in this
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein way. Therefore, if a <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 master serving a parent
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews zone has child stub zones configured, all the slave
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein servers for the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein parent zone also need to have the same child stub
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zones
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein configured.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews <p>
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews Stub zones can also be used as a way of forcing the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein resolution
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of a given domain to use a particular set of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein authoritative servers.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For example, the caching name servers on a private
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein network using
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RFC1918 addressing may be configured with stub zones
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">10.in-addr.arpa</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to use a set of internal name servers as the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein authoritative
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein servers for that domain.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<td>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews <p>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews <code class="varname">forward</code>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews </p>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews </td>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews<td>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews <p>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews A "forward zone" is a way to configure
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews forwarding on a per-domain basis. A <span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> statement
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews of type <span><strong class="command">forward</strong></span> can
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews contain a <span><strong class="command">forward</strong></span>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews and/or <span><strong class="command">forwarders</strong></span>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews statement,
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews which will apply to queries within the domain given by
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews the zone
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews name. If no <span><strong class="command">forwarders</strong></span>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews statement is present or
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews an empty list for <span><strong class="command">forwarders</strong></span> is given, then no
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews forwarding will be done for the domain, canceling the
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews effects of
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews any forwarders in the <span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> statement. Thus
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews if you want to use this type of zone to change the
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews behavior of the
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews global <span><strong class="command">forward</strong></span> option
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews (that is, "forward first"
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews to, then "forward only", or vice versa, but want to
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews use the same
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews servers as set globally) you need to re-specify the
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews global forwarders.
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews </p>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews </td>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews</tr>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews<tr>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews<td>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews <p>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews <code class="varname">hint</code>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews </p>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews </td>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews<td>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews <p>
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews The initial set of root name servers is
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews specified using a "hint zone". When the server starts
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews up, it uses
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews the root hints to find a root name server and get the
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews most recent
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews list of root name servers. If no hint zone is
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews specified for class
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews IN, the server uses a compiled-in default set of root
885c1096e0c296b0188f01ca7511df1f70a6cddaMark Andrews servers hints.
9090a36b61a90746738f66bce09ceaf8d8491d7eAndreas Gustafsson Classes other than IN have no built-in defaults hints.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">delegation-only</code>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This is used to enforce the delegation-only
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein status of infrastructure zones (e.g. COM, NET, ORG).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Any answer that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is received without an explicit or implicit delegation
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in the authority
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein section will be treated as NXDOMAIN. This does not
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein apply to the zone
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein apex. This should not be applied to leaf zones.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">delegation-only</code> has no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein effect on answers received
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein from forwarders.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2567958"></a>Class</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The zone's name may optionally be followed by a class. If
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a class is not specified, class <code class="literal">IN</code> (for <code class="varname">Internet</code>),
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is assumed. This is correct for the vast majority of cases.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <code class="literal">hesiod</code> class is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein named for an information service from MIT's Project Athena. It
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein used to share information about various systems databases, such
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein as users, groups, printers and so on. The keyword
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">HS</code> is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a synonym for hesiod.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Another MIT development is CHAOSnet, a LAN protocol created
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in the mid-1970s. Zone data for it can be specified with the <code class="literal">CHAOS</code> class.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2567991"></a>Zone Options</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="variablelist"><dl>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-notify</strong></span></span></dt>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">allow-notify</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#access_control" title="Access Control">the section called &#8220;Access Control&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-query</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">allow-query</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#access_control" title="Access Control">the section called &#8220;Access Control&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-transfer</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of <span><strong class="command">allow-transfer</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#access_control" title="Access Control">the section called &#8220;Access Control&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-update</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of <span><strong class="command">allow-update</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#access_control" title="Access Control">the section called &#8220;Access Control&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">update-policy</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifies a "Simple Secure Update" policy. See
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#dynamic_update_policies" title="Dynamic Update Policies">the section called &#8220;Dynamic Update Policies&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">allow-update-forwarding</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of <span><strong class="command">allow-update-forwarding</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#access_control" title="Access Control">the section called &#8220;Access Control&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">also-notify</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews Only meaningful if <span><strong class="command">notify</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is
c60793c77f6b6b8b66ad57c73cd7eb67e8d7ff6fAndreas Gustafsson active for this zone. The set of machines that will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein receive a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">DNS NOTIFY</code> message
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for this zone is made up of all the listed name servers
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (other than
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the primary master) for the zone plus any IP addresses
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with <span><strong class="command">also-notify</strong></span>. A port
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein may be specified
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with each <span><strong class="command">also-notify</strong></span>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews address to send the notify
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein messages to a port other than the default of 53.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">also-notify</strong></span> is not
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein meaningful for stub zones.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is the empty list.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">check-names</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This option is used to restrict the character set and
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews syntax of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein certain domain names in master files and/or DNS responses
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein received from the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein network. The default varies according to zone type. For <span><strong class="command">master</strong></span> zones the default is <span><strong class="command">fail</strong></span>. For <span><strong class="command">slave</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zones the default is <span><strong class="command">warn</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">check-mx</strong></span></span></dt>
c60793c77f6b6b8b66ad57c73cd7eb67e8d7ff6fAndreas Gustafsson<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">check-mx</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#boolean_options" title="Boolean Options">the section called &#8220;Boolean Options&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">check-wildcard</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">check-wildcard</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#boolean_options" title="Boolean Options">the section called &#8220;Boolean Options&#8221;</a>.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">check-integrity</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">check-integrity</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#boolean_options" title="Boolean Options">the section called &#8220;Boolean Options&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">check-sibling</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">check-sibling</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#boolean_options" title="Boolean Options">the section called &#8220;Boolean Options&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">zero-no-soa-ttl</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">zero-no-soa-ttl</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#boolean_options" title="Boolean Options">the section called &#8220;Boolean Options&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">update-check-ksk</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">update-check-ksk</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#boolean_options" title="Boolean Options">the section called &#8220;Boolean Options&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">try-tcp-refresh</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">try-tcp-refresh</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#boolean_options" title="Boolean Options">the section called &#8220;Boolean Options&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">database</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specify the type of database to be used for storing the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone data. The string following the <span><strong class="command">database</strong></span> keyword
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is interpreted as a list of whitespace-delimited words.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The first word
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein identifies the database type, and any subsequent words are
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews passed
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews as arguments to the database to be interpreted in a way
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specific
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to the database type.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is <strong class="userinput"><code>"rbt"</code></strong>, BIND 9's
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein native in-memory
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein red-black-tree database. This database does not take
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein arguments.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Other values are possible if additional database drivers
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein have been linked into the server. Some sample drivers are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein included
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with the distribution but none are linked in by default.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">dialup</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">dialup</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#boolean_options" title="Boolean Options">the section called &#8220;Boolean Options&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">delegation-only</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The flag only applies to hint and stub zones. If set
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>, then the zone will also be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein treated as if it
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is also a delegation-only type zone.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">forward</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Only meaningful if the zone has a forwarders
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein list. The <span><strong class="command">only</strong></span> value causes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the lookup to fail
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein after trying the forwarders and getting no answer, while <span><strong class="command">first</strong></span> would
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein allow a normal lookup to be tried.
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">forwarders</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews Used to override the list of global forwarders.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If it is not specified in a zone of type <span><strong class="command">forward</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein no forwarding is done for the zone and the global options are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein not used.
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">ixfr-base</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Was used in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8 to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specify the name
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of the transaction log (journal) file for dynamic update
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and IXFR.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 ignores the option
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and constructs the name of the journal
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file by appending "<code class="filename">.jnl</code>"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to the name of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone file.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">ixfr-tmp-file</strong></span></span></dt>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Was an undocumented option in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Ignored in <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">journal</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Allow the default journal's file name to be overridden.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The default is the zone's file with "<code class="filename">.jnl</code>" appended.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This is applicable to <span><strong class="command">master</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">slave</strong></span> zones.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-transfer-time-in</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">max-transfer-time-in</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_transfers" title="Zone Transfers">the section called &#8220;Zone Transfers&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-transfer-idle-in</strong></span></span></dt>
a1b05dea35aa30b152a47115e18bbe679d3fcf19Mark Andrews<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">max-transfer-idle-in</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_transfers" title="Zone Transfers">the section called &#8220;Zone Transfers&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-transfer-time-out</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">max-transfer-time-out</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_transfers" title="Zone Transfers">the section called &#8220;Zone Transfers&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-transfer-idle-out</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">max-transfer-idle-out</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_transfers" title="Zone Transfers">the section called &#8220;Zone Transfers&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">notify</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">notify</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#boolean_options" title="Boolean Options">the section called &#8220;Boolean Options&#8221;</a>.
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews </p></dd>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">pubkey</strong></span></span></dt>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews<dd><p>
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews In <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 8, this option was
68b30890ebd441a6a1ae3fdf71744d07d02cd030Mark Andrews intended for specifying
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a public zone key for verification of signatures in DNSSEC
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein signed
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zones when they are loaded from disk. <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 does not verify signatures
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein on load and ignores the option.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">zone-statistics</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If <strong class="userinput"><code>yes</code></strong>, the server will keep
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statistical
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein information for this zone, which can be dumped to the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">statistics-file</strong></span> defined in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the server options.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">sig-validity-interval</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">sig-validity-interval</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#tuning" title="Tuning">the section called &#8220;Tuning&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">transfer-source</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">transfer-source</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_transfers" title="Zone Transfers">the section called &#8220;Zone Transfers&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">transfer-source-v6</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">transfer-source-v6</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_transfers" title="Zone Transfers">the section called &#8220;Zone Transfers&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">alt-transfer-source</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">alt-transfer-source</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_transfers" title="Zone Transfers">the section called &#8220;Zone Transfers&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">alt-transfer-source-v6</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">alt-transfer-source-v6</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_transfers" title="Zone Transfers">the section called &#8220;Zone Transfers&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">use-alt-transfer-source</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">use-alt-transfer-source</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_transfers" title="Zone Transfers">the section called &#8220;Zone Transfers&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">notify-source</strong></span></span></dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">notify-source</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_transfers" title="Zone Transfers">the section called &#8220;Zone Transfers&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">notify-source-v6</strong></span></span></dt>
3a3705ef7747327df182bf8d009333d2472253d5Mark Andrews<dd><p>
3a3705ef7747327df182bf8d009333d2472253d5Mark Andrews See the description of
3a3705ef7747327df182bf8d009333d2472253d5Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">notify-source-v6</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_transfers" title="Zone Transfers">the section called &#8220;Zone Transfers&#8221;</a>.
3a3705ef7747327df182bf8d009333d2472253d5Mark Andrews </p></dd>
3a3705ef7747327df182bf8d009333d2472253d5Mark Andrews<dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<span class="term"><span><strong class="command">min-refresh-time</strong></span>, </span><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-refresh-time</strong></span>, </span><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">min-retry-time</strong></span>, </span><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">max-retry-time</strong></span></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</dt>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<dd><p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein See the description in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#tuning" title="Tuning">the section called &#8220;Tuning&#8221;</a>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p></dd>
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">ixfr-from-differences</strong></span></span></dt>
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews<dd><p>
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews See the description of
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">ixfr-from-differences</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#boolean_options" title="Boolean Options">the section called &#8220;Boolean Options&#8221;</a>.
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews </p></dd>
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">key-directory</strong></span></span></dt>
3a3705ef7747327df182bf8d009333d2472253d5Mark Andrews<dd><p>
3a3705ef7747327df182bf8d009333d2472253d5Mark Andrews See the description of
a057e8e33baa5fa369be28a9680585200ce3ff73Mark Andrews <span><strong class="command">key-directory</strong></span> in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#options" title="options Statement Definition and
3a3705ef7747327df182bf8d009333d2472253d5Mark Andrews Usage">the section called &#8220;<span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> Statement Definition and
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews Usage&#8221;</a>.
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews </p></dd>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">multi-master</strong></span></span></dt>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews<dd><p>
3b4098640dd85040270f39b9a5ee5e22de99d3d6Mark Andrews See the description of <span><strong class="command">multi-master</strong></span> in
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#boolean_options" title="Boolean Options">the section called &#8220;Boolean Options&#8221;</a>.
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews </p></dd>
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews<dt><span class="term"><span><strong class="command">masterfile-format</strong></span></span></dt>
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews<dd><p>
083a5588a3488b6335ee7bafa505d00644c7c58dMark Andrews See the description of <span><strong class="command">masterfile-format</strong></span>
6bf6622b7b9053dc52527478473b572f042c4b5bMark Andrews in <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#tuning" title="Tuning">the section called &#8220;Tuning&#8221;</a>.
6bf6622b7b9053dc52527478473b572f042c4b5bMark Andrews </p></dd>
6bf6622b7b9053dc52527478473b572f042c4b5bMark Andrews</dl></div>
6bf6622b7b9053dc52527478473b572f042c4b5bMark Andrews</div>
6bf6622b7b9053dc52527478473b572f042c4b5bMark Andrews<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="dynamic_update_policies"></a>Dynamic Update Policies</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span class="acronym">BIND</span> 9 supports two alternative
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein methods of granting clients
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the right to perform dynamic updates to a zone,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein configured by the <span><strong class="command">allow-update</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">update-policy</strong></span> option,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein respectively.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">allow-update</strong></span> clause works the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein same
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein way as in previous versions of <span class="acronym">BIND</span>. It grants given clients the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein permission to update any record of any name in the zone.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">update-policy</strong></span> clause is new
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in <span class="acronym">BIND</span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 9 and allows more fine-grained control over what updates are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein allowed.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A set of rules is specified, where each rule either grants or
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein denies
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein permissions for one or more names to be updated by one or more
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein identities.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If the dynamic update request message is signed (that is, it
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein includes
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein either a TSIG or SIG(0) record), the identity of the signer can
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein be determined.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Rules are specified in the <span><strong class="command">update-policy</strong></span> zone
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein option, and are only meaningful for master zones. When the <span><strong class="command">update-policy</strong></span> statement
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews is present, it is a configuration error for the <span><strong class="command">allow-update</strong></span> statement
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to be present. The <span><strong class="command">update-policy</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein statement only
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein examines the signer of a message; the source address is not
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein relevant.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This is how a rule definition looks:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein( <span><strong class="command">grant</strong></span> | <span><strong class="command">deny</strong></span> ) <em class="replaceable"><code>identity</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>nametype</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>types</code></em> </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Each rule grants or denies privileges. Once a message has
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein successfully matched a rule, the operation is immediately
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein granted
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews or denied and no further rules are examined. A rule is matched
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein when the signer matches the identity field, the name matches the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name field in accordance with the nametype field, and the type
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein matches
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the types specified in the type field.
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The identity field specifies a name or a wildcard name.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Normally, this
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews is the name of the TSIG or SIG(0) key used to sign the update
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein request. When a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein TKEY exchange has been used to create a shared secret, the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein identity of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein shared secret is the same as the identity of the key used to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein authenticate the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein TKEY exchange. When the <em class="replaceable"><code>identity</code></em> field specifies a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein wildcard name, it is subject to DNS wildcard expansion, so the
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews rule will apply
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews to multiple identities. The <em class="replaceable"><code>identity</code></em> field must
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein contain a fully qualified domain name.
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews </p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<p>
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews The <em class="replaceable"><code>nametype</code></em> field has 6
bea931e17b7567f09107f93ab7e25c7f00abeb9cMark Andrews values:
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews <code class="varname">name</code>, <code class="varname">subdomain</code>,
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews <code class="varname">wildcard</code>, <code class="varname">self</code>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">selfsub</code>, and <code class="varname">selfwild</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">name</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Exact-match semantics. This rule matches
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein when the name being updated is identical
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to the contents of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> field.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
a1b05dea35aa30b152a47115e18bbe679d3fcf19Mark Andrews <p>
a1b05dea35aa30b152a47115e18bbe679d3fcf19Mark Andrews <code class="varname">subdomain</code>
a1b05dea35aa30b152a47115e18bbe679d3fcf19Mark Andrews </p>
a1b05dea35aa30b152a47115e18bbe679d3fcf19Mark Andrews </td>
a1b05dea35aa30b152a47115e18bbe679d3fcf19Mark Andrews<td>
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews <p>
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews This rule matches when the name being updated
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews is a subdomain of, or identical to, the
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews contents of the <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em>
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews field.
7526edc7677371c366232de5f39a678b7dcda747Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">wildcard</code>
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> field
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is subject to DNS wildcard expansion, and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein this rule matches when the name being updated
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name is a valid expansion of the wildcard.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">self</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater </td>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<td>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater <p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater This rule matches when the name being updated
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater matches the contents of the
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater <em class="replaceable"><code>identity</code></em> field.
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater The <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em> field
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater is ignored, but should be the same as the
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater <em class="replaceable"><code>identity</code></em> field.
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater The <code class="varname">self</code> nametype is
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater most useful when allowing using one key per
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater name to update, where the key has the same
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater name as the name to be updated. The
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater <em class="replaceable"><code>identity</code></em> would
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater be specified as <code class="constant">*</code> (an asterisk) in
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater this case.
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater </p>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater </td>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater</tr>
aeb7938001b22e811a910e1b36cdf452f9193865Automatic Updater<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">selfsub</code>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This rule is similar to <code class="varname">self</code>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews except that subdomains of <code class="varname">self</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein can also be updated.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="varname">selfwild</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This rule is similar to <code class="varname">self</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein except that only subdomains of
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews <code class="varname">self</code> can be updated.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In all cases, the <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein field must
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specify a fully qualified domain name.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If no types are explicitly specified, this rule matches all
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein types except
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RRSIG, NS, SOA, and NSEC. Types may be specified by name, including
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein "ANY" (ANY matches all types except NSEC, which can never be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein updated).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Note that when an attempt is made to delete all records
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein associated with a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name, the rules are checked for each existing record type.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect1" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2569676"></a>Zone File</h2></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="types_of_resource_records_and_when_to_use_them"></a>Types of Resource Records and When to Use Them</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This section, largely borrowed from RFC 1034, describes the
7208386cd37a2092c70eddf80cf29519b16c4c80Mark Andrews concept of a Resource Record (RR) and explains when each is used.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Since the publication of RFC 1034, several new RRs have been
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein identified
7208386cd37a2092c70eddf80cf29519b16c4c80Mark Andrews and implemented in the DNS. These are also included.
7208386cd37a2092c70eddf80cf29519b16c4c80Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<div class="sect3" lang="en">
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<a name="id2569763"></a>Resource Records</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A domain name identifies a node. Each node has a set of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein resource information, which may be empty. The set of resource
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein information associated with a particular name is composed of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein separate RRs. The order of RRs in a set is not significant and
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews need not be preserved by name servers, resolvers, or other
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews parts of the DNS. However, sorting of multiple RRs is
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews permitted for optimization purposes, for example, to specify
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews that a particular nearby server be tried first. See <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#the_sortlist_statement" title="The sortlist Statement">the section called &#8220;The <span><strong class="command">sortlist</strong></span> Statement&#8221;</a> and <a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#rrset_ordering" title="RRset Ordering">the section called &#8220;RRset Ordering&#8221;</a>.
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The components of a Resource Record are:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<colgroup>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<tr>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<td>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews <p>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews owner name
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews </p>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews </td>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<td>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The domain name where the RR is found.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews </td>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews</tr>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<tr>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<td>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews <p>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews type
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews </p>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein An encoded 16-bit value that specifies
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the type of the resource record.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein TTL
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The time-to-live of the RR. This field
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is a 32-bit integer in units of seconds, and is
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews primarily used by
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews resolvers when they cache RRs. The TTL describes how
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews long a RR can
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews be cached before it should be discarded.
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<tr>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<td>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews <p>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews class
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews </p>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews </td>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<td>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews <p>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews An encoded 16-bit value that identifies
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews a protocol family or instance of a protocol.
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews </p>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews </td>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews</tr>
acb72d5e2c83b597332e3eb0c7d59e1142f1adfdMark Andrews<tr>
a404eb87dc8f91fe81bedce8bb3957fc3c7684a5Mark Andrews<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RDATA
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews <p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews The resource data. The format of the
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews data is type (and sometimes class) specific.
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </td>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The following are <span class="emphasis"><em>types</em></span> of valid RRs:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </p>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A host address. In the IN class, this is a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 32-bit IP address. Described in RFC 1035.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein AAAA
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews <p>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews IPv6 address. Described in RFC 1886.
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A6
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein IPv6 address. This can be a partial
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein address (a suffix) and an indirection to the name
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews where the rest of the
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews address (the prefix) can be found. Experimental.
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews Described in RFC 2874.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein AFSDB
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Location of AFS database servers.
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews Experimental. Described in RFC 1183.
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews</tr>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews<tr>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews<td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews <p>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews APL
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </p>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </td>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Address prefix list. Experimental.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Described in RFC 3123.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews</tr>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews<tr>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews<td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews <p>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews CERT
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </p>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews<td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews <p>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews Holds a digital certificate.
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews Described in RFC 2538.
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </p>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews</tr>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews<tr>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews<td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews <p>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews CNAME
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </p>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews<td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews <p>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews Identifies the canonical name of an alias.
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews Described in RFC 1035.
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </p>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews </td>
7f723eabc5768f576470cd9cc82fd4af200013a1Mark Andrews</tr>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews<tr>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews<td>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews <p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews DNAME
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </td>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews<td>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews <p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews Replaces the domain name specified with
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews another name to be looked up, effectively aliasing an
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews entire
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews subtree of the domain name space rather than a single
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews record
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews as in the case of the CNAME RR.
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews Described in RFC 2672.
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </td>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews</tr>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews<tr>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews<td>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews <p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews DNSKEY
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </td>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews<td>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews <p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews Stores a public key associated with a signed
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews DNS zone. Described in RFC 4034.
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </td>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews</tr>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews<tr>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews<td>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews <p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews DS
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews </td>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews<td>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews <p>
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews Stores the hash of a public key associated with a
f4429c1c31ec32f05125baab1adcc4f09863f7afMark Andrews signed DNS zone. Described in RFC 4034.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
a404eb87dc8f91fe81bedce8bb3957fc3c7684a5Mark Andrews <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein GPOS
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Specifies the global position. Superseded by LOC.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein HINFO
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Identifies the CPU and OS used by a host.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Described in RFC 1035.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein ISDN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Representation of ISDN addresses.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Experimental. Described in RFC 1183.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein KEY
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Stores a public key associated with a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein DNS name. Used in original DNSSEC; replaced
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein by DNSKEY in DNSSECbis, but still used with
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein SIG(0). Described in RFCs 2535 and 2931.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein KX
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Identifies a key exchanger for this
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein DNS name. Described in RFC 2230.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein LOC
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For storing GPS info. Described in RFC 1876.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Experimental.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein MX
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<td>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Identifies a mail exchange for the domain with
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a 16-bit preference value (lower is better)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein followed by the host name of the mail exchange.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Described in RFC 974, RFC 1035.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein NAPTR
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews Name authority pointer. Described in RFC 2915.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein NSAP
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A network service access point.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Described in RFC 1706.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein NS
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The authoritative name server for the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein domain. Described in RFC 1035.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein NSEC
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Used in DNSSECbis to securely indicate that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RRs with an owner name in a certain name interval do
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein not exist in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a zone and indicate what RR types are present for an
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein existing name.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Described in RFC 4034.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein NXT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Used in DNSSEC to securely indicate that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RRs with an owner name in a certain name interval do
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein not exist in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a zone and indicate what RR types are present for an
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein existing name.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Used in original DNSSEC; replaced by NSEC in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein DNSSECbis.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Described in RFC 2535.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein PTR
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A pointer to another part of the domain
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name space. Described in RFC 1035.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein PX
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Provides mappings between RFC 822 and X.400
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein addresses. Described in RFC 2163.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RP
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Information on persons responsible
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for the domain. Experimental. Described in RFC 1183.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RRSIG
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Contains DNSSECbis signature data. Described
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in RFC 4034.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Route-through binding for hosts that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein do not have their own direct wide area network
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein addresses.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Experimental. Described in RFC 1183.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein SIG
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Contains DNSSEC signature data. Used in
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews original DNSSEC; replaced by RRSIG in
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews DNSSECbis, but still used for SIG(0).
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Described in RFCs 2535 and 2931.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews SOA
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Identifies the start of a zone of authority.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Described in RFC 1035.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews SRV
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Information about well known network
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein services (replaces WKS). Described in RFC 2782.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein TXT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Text records. Described in RFC 1035.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein WKS
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Information about which well known
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein network services, such as SMTP, that a domain
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein supports. Historical.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein X25
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Representation of X.25 network addresses.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Experimental. Described in RFC 1183.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tbody>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</table></div>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The following <span class="emphasis"><em>classes</em></span> of resource records
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are currently valid in the DNS:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein IN
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The Internet.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews CH
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein CHAOSnet, a LAN protocol created at MIT in the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein mid-1970s.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Rarely used for its historical purpose, but reused for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein BIND's
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein built-in server information zones, e.g.,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">version.bind</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
47012ae6dbf18a2503d7b33c1c9583dc38625cb7Mark Andrews</tr>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein HS
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Hesiod, an information service
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein developed by MIT's Project Athena. It is used to share
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein information
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein about various systems databases, such as users,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein groups, printers
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and so on.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The owner name is often implicit, rather than forming an
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein integral
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein part of the RR. For example, many name servers internally form
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein tree
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein or hash structures for the name space, and chain RRs off nodes.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The remaining RR parts are the fixed header (type, class, TTL)
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews which is consistent for all RRs, and a variable part (RDATA)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein fits the needs of the resource being described.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The meaning of the TTL field is a time limit on how long an
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RR can be kept in a cache. This limit does not apply to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein authoritative
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein data in zones; it is also timed out, but by the refreshing
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein policies
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for the zone. The TTL is assigned by the administrator for the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone where the data originates. While short TTLs can be used to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein minimize caching, and a zero TTL prohibits caching, the
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews realities
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein of Internet performance suggest that these times should be on
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein order of days for the typical host. If a change can be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein anticipated,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the TTL can be reduced prior to the change to minimize
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews inconsistency
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews during the change, and then increased back to its former value
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews following
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews the change.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews The data in the RDATA section of RRs is carried as a combination
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews of binary strings and domain names. The domain names are
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews frequently
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews used as "pointers" to other data in the DNS.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</div>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<div class="sect3" lang="en">
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<a name="id2571109"></a>Textual expression of RRs</h4></div></div></div>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews RRs are represented in binary form in the packets of the DNS
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein protocol, and are usually represented in highly encoded form
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein when
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein stored in a name server or resolver. In the examples provided
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RFC 1034, a style similar to that used in master files was
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein employed
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in order to show the contents of RRs. In this format, most RRs
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews are shown on a single line, although continuation lines are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein possible
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein using parentheses.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews The start of the line gives the owner of the RR. If a line
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews begins with a blank, then the owner is assumed to be the same as
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that of the previous RR. Blank lines are often included for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein readability.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Following the owner, we list the TTL, type, and class of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RR. Class and type use the mnemonics defined above, and TTL is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein an integer before the type field. In order to avoid ambiguity
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein parsing, type and class mnemonics are disjoint, TTLs are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein integers,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and the type mnemonic is always last. The IN class and TTL
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein values
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews are often omitted from examples in the interests of clarity.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The resource data or RDATA section of the RR are given using
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein knowledge of the typical representation for the data.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For example, we might show the RRs carried in a message as:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">ISI.EDU.</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">MX</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">10 VENERA.ISI.EDU.</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p></p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <code class="literal">MX</code>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <code class="literal">10 VAXA.ISI.EDU</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">VENERA.ISI.EDU</code>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">A</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">128.9.0.32</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p></p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">A</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">10.1.0.52</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">VAXA.ISI.EDU</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">A</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">10.2.0.27</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">A</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <code class="literal">128.9.0.33</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The MX RRs have an RDATA section which consists of a 16-bit
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein number followed by a domain name. The address RRs use a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein standard
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein IP address format to contain a 32-bit internet address.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The above example shows six RRs, with two RRs at each of three
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein domain names.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Similarly we might see:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">XX.LCS.MIT.EDU.</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">IN A</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">10.0.0.44</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>�</td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">CH A</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">MIT.EDU. 2420</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This example shows two addresses for
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">XX.LCS.MIT.EDU</code>, each of a different class.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
a1b05dea35aa30b152a47115e18bbe679d3fcf19Mark Andrews</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2571629"></a>Discussion of MX Records</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein As described above, domain servers store information as a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein series of resource records, each of which contains a particular
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein piece of information about a given domain name (which is usually,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein but not always, a host). The simplest way to think of a RR is as
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a typed pair of data, a domain name matched with a relevant datum,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and stored with some additional type information to help systems
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein determine when the RR is relevant.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein MX records are used to control delivery of email. The data
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified in the record is a priority and a domain name. The
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein priority
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein controls the order in which email delivery is attempted, with the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein lowest number first. If two priorities are the same, a server is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein chosen randomly. If no servers at a given priority are responding,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the mail transport agent will fall back to the next largest
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein priority.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Priority numbers do not have any absolute meaning &#8212; they are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein relevant
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein only respective to other MX records for that domain name. The
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein domain
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein name given is the machine to which the mail will be delivered.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein It <span class="emphasis"><em>must</em></span> have an associated address record
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (A or AAAA) &#8212; CNAME is not sufficient.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For a given domain, if there is both a CNAME record and an
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein MX record, the MX record is in error, and will be ignored.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Instead,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the mail will be delivered to the server specified in the MX
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein record
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein pointed to by the CNAME.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For example:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">example.com.</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">IN</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">MX</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater <code class="literal">10</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">mail.example.com.</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">IN</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">MX</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">10</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">mail2.example.com.</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">IN</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">MX</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">20</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">mail.backup.org.</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">mail.example.com.</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">IN</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">A</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">10.0.0.1</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">mail2.example.com.</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">IN</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">A</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">10.0.0.2</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Mail delivery will be attempted to <code class="literal">mail.example.com</code> and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">mail2.example.com</code> (in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein any order), and if neither of those succeed, delivery to <code class="literal">mail.backup.org</code> will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein be attempted.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="Setting_TTLs"></a>Setting TTLs</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The time-to-live of the RR field is a 32-bit integer represented
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in units of seconds, and is primarily used by resolvers when they
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein cache RRs. The TTL describes how long a RR can be cached before it
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein should be discarded. The following three types of TTL are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein currently
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein used in a zone file.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein SOA
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The last field in the SOA is the negative
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews caching TTL. This controls how long other servers will
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein cache no-such-domain
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (NXDOMAIN) responses from you.
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The maximum time for
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews negative caching is 3 hours (3h).
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein $TTL
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The $TTL directive at the top of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone file (before the SOA) gives a default TTL for every
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RR without
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a specific TTL set.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RR TTLs
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Each RR can have a TTL as the second
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein field in the RR, which will control how long other
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein servers can cache
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the it.
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein All of these TTLs default to units of seconds, though units
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein can be explicitly specified, for example, <code class="literal">1h30m</code>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2572317"></a>Inverse Mapping in IPv4</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Reverse name resolution (that is, translation from IP address
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews to name) is achieved by means of the <span class="emphasis"><em>in-addr.arpa</em></span> domain
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews and PTR records. Entries in the in-addr.arpa domain are made in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein least-to-most significant order, read left to right. This is the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein opposite order to the way IP addresses are usually written. Thus,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein a machine with an IP address of 10.1.2.3 would have a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein corresponding
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in-addr.arpa name of
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater 3.2.1.10.in-addr.arpa. This name should have a PTR resource record
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein whose data field is the name of the machine or, optionally,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein multiple
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein PTR records if the machine has more than one name. For example,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein in the [<span class="optional">example.com</span>] domain:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">$ORIGIN</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">2.1.10.in-addr.arpa</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">3</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="literal">IN PTR foo.example.com.</code>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tr>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</tbody>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span> lines in the examples
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are for providing context to the examples only-they do not
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein necessarily
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein appear in the actual usage. They are only used here to indicate
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein that the example is relative to the listed origin.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2572444"></a>Other Zone File Directives</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The Master File Format was initially defined in RFC 1035 and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein has subsequently been extended. While the Master File Format
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein itself
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is class independent all records in a Master File must be of the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein same
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein class.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Master File Directives include <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span>, <span><strong class="command">$INCLUDE</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and <span><strong class="command">$TTL.</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2572467"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Syntax: <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>domain-name</code></em>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"><em class="replaceable"><code>comment</code></em></span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein sets the domain name that will be appended to any
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein unqualified records. When a zone is first read in there
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is an implicit <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein &lt;<code class="varname">zone-name</code>&gt;<span><strong class="command">.</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The current <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span> is appended to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the domain specified in the <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein argument if it is not absolute.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein$ORIGIN example.com.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWWW CNAME MAIN-SERVER
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is equivalent to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinWWW.EXAMPLE.COM. CNAME MAIN-SERVER.EXAMPLE.COM.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2572596"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$INCLUDE</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Syntax: <span><strong class="command">$INCLUDE</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<em class="replaceable"><code>origin</code></em> </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"> <em class="replaceable"><code>comment</code></em> </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Read and process the file <code class="filename">filename</code> as
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein if it were included into the file at this point. If <span><strong class="command">origin</strong></span> is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified the file is processed with <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span> set
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to that value, otherwise the current <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span> is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein used.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The origin and the current domain name
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein revert to the values they had prior to the <span><strong class="command">$INCLUDE</strong></span> once
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the file has been read.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein RFC 1035 specifies that the current origin should be restored
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein after
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein an <span><strong class="command">$INCLUDE</strong></span>, but it is silent
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein on whether the current
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein domain name should also be restored. BIND 9 restores both of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein them.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This could be construed as a deviation from RFC 1035, a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein feature, or both.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect3" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2572665"></a>The <span><strong class="command">$TTL</strong></span> Directive</h4></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Syntax: <span><strong class="command">$TTL</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>default-ttl</code></em>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<em class="replaceable"><code>comment</code></em> </span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Set the default Time To Live (TTL) for subsequent records
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein with undefined TTLs. Valid TTLs are of the range 0-2147483647
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein seconds.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span><strong class="command">$TTL</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is defined in RFC 2308.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="id2572701"></a><span class="acronym">BIND</span> Master File Extension: the <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Syntax: <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>range</code></em>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>lhs</code></em>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"><em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"><em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <em class="replaceable"><code>rhs</code></em>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein [<span class="optional"><em class="replaceable"><code>comment</code></em></span>]
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p><span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is used to create a series of resource records that only
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein differ from each other by an
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein iterator. <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> can be used to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein easily generate the sets of records required to support
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein sub /24 reverse delegations described in RFC 2317:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA delegation.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">$ORIGIN 0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein$GENERATE 1-2 0 NS SERVER$.EXAMPLE.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein$GENERATE 1-127 $ CNAME $.0</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is equivalent to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<pre class="programlisting">0.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA NS SERVER1.EXAMPLE.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein0.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA. NS SERVER2.EXAMPLE.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein1.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA. CNAME 1.0.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein2.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA. CNAME 2.0.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein...
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein127.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA. CNAME 127.0.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</pre>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<col>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</colgroup>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tbody>
b05bdb520d83f7ecaad708fe305268c3420be01dMark Andrews<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">range</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This can be one of two forms: start-stop
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein or start-stop/step. If the first form is used, then step
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein is set to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein 1. All of start, stop and step must be positive.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">lhs</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">lhs</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein describes the owner name of the resource records
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to be created. Any single <span><strong class="command">$</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (dollar sign)
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein symbols within the <span><strong class="command">lhs</strong></span> side
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein are replaced by the iterator value.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein To get a $ in the output you need to escape the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">$</strong></span> using a backslash
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">\</strong></span>,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein e.g. <span><strong class="command">\$</strong></span>. The
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">$</strong></span> may optionally be followed
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein by modifiers which change the offset from the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein iterator, field width and base.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Modifiers are introduced by a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">{</strong></span> immediately following the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">$</strong></span> as
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">${offset[,width[,base]]}</strong></span>.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For example, <span><strong class="command">${-20,3,d}</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein subtracts 20 from the current value, prints the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein result as a decimal in a zero-padded field of
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein width 3.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Available output forms are decimal
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (<span><strong class="command">d</strong></span>), octal
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (<span><strong class="command">o</strong></span>) and hexadecimal
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein (<span><strong class="command">x</strong></span> or <span><strong class="command">X</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein for uppercase). The default modifier is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">${0,0,d}</strong></span>. If the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">lhs</strong></span> is not absolute, the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein current <span><strong class="command">$ORIGIN</strong></span> is appended
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein to the name.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For compatibility with earlier versions, <span><strong class="command">$$</strong></span> is still
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein recognized as indicating a literal $ in the output.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">ttl</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifies the time-to-live of the generated records. If
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein not specified this will be inherited using the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein normal ttl inheritance rules.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">class</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and <span><strong class="command">ttl</strong></span> can be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein entered in either order.
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">class</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein Specifies the class of the generated records.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein This must match the zone class if it is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein specified.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">class</strong></span>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and <span><strong class="command">ttl</strong></span> can be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein entered in either order.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">type</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein At present the only supported types are
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein PTR, CNAME, DNAME, A, AAAA and NS.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p><span><strong class="command">rhs</strong></span></p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein A domain name. It is processed
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein similarly to lhs.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </td>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tr>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</tbody>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</table></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein The <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> directive is a <span class="acronym">BIND</span> extension
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein and not part of the standard zone file format.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein BIND 8 does not support the optional TTL and CLASS fields.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<div class="sect2" lang="en">
a1b05dea35aa30b152a47115e18bbe679d3fcf19Mark Andrews<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<a name="zonefile_format"></a>Additional File Formats</h3></div></div></div>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein In addition to the standard textual format, BIND 9
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein supports the ability to read or dump to zone files in
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein other formats. The <code class="constant">raw</code> format is
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein currently available as an additional format. It is a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein binary format representing BIND 9's internal data
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein structure directly, thereby remarkably improving the
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater loading time.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein For a primary server, a zone file in the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <code class="constant">raw</code> format is expected to be
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein generated from a textual zone file by the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">named-compilezone</strong></span> command. For a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein secondary server or for a dynamic zone, it is automatically
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein generated (if this format is specified by the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">masterfile-format</strong></span> option) when
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> dumps the zone contents after
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein zone transfer or when applying prior updates.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein If a zone file in a binary format needs manual modification,
2a9a5e1871710510cdbba67c13ce21e75296b451Automatic Updater it first must be converted to a textual form by the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">named-compilezone</strong></span> command. All
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein necessary modification should go to the text file, which
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews should then be converted to the binary form by the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein <span><strong class="command">named-compilezone</strong></span> command again.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<p>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews Although the <code class="constant">raw</code> format uses the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein network byte order and avoids architecture-dependent
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein data alignment so that it is as much portable as
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein possible, it is primarily expected to be used inside
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein the same single system. In order to export a zone
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein file in the <code class="constant">raw</code> format or make a
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein portable backup of the file, it is recommended to
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein convert the file to the standard textual representation.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein </p>
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein</div>
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