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76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<link rel="next" href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html" title="Chapter�2.�BIND Resource Requirements">
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76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter�1.�Introduction</th></tr>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html">Next</a>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title">
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<a name="Bv9ARM.ch01"></a>Chapter�1.�Introduction</h1></div></div></div>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#doc_scope">Scope of Document</a></span></dt>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#organization">Organization of This Document</a></span></dt>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#conventions">Conventions Used in This Document</a></span></dt>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#dns_overview">The Domain Name System (<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>)</a></span></dt>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#dns_fundamentals">DNS Fundamentals</a></span></dt>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#domain_names">Domains and Domain Names</a></span></dt>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#zones">Zones</a></span></dt>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#auth_servers">Authoritative Name Servers</a></span></dt>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#cache_servers">Caching Name Servers</a></span></dt>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<dt><span class="section"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#multi_role">Name Servers in Multiple Roles</a></span></dt>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass The Internet Domain Name System (<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>)
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass consists of the syntax
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass to specify the names of entities in the Internet in a hierarchical
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass manner, the rules used for delegating authority over names, and the
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass system implementation that actually maps names to Internet
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass addresses. <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> data is maintained in a
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass group of distributed
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass hierarchical databases.
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<a name="doc_scope"></a>Scope of Document</h2></div></div></div>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass The Berkeley Internet Name Domain
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass (<acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>) implements a
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass domain name server for a number of operating systems. This
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass document provides basic information about the installation and
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass care of the Internet Systems Consortium (<acronym class="acronym">ISC</acronym>)
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> version 9 software package for
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass system administrators.
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<p>This version of the manual corresponds to BIND version 9.11.</p>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<a name="organization"></a>Organization of This Document</h2></div></div></div>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass In this document, <span class="emphasis"><em>Chapter 1</em></span> introduces
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass the basic <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> concepts. <span class="emphasis"><em>Chapter 2</em></span>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass describes resource requirements for running <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> in various
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass environments. Information in <span class="emphasis"><em>Chapter 3</em></span> is
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <span class="emphasis"><em>task-oriented</em></span> in its presentation and is
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass organized functionally, to aid in the process of installing the
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9 software. The task-oriented
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass section is followed by
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <span class="emphasis"><em>Chapter 4</em></span>, which contains more advanced
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass concepts that the system administrator may need for implementing
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass certain options. <span class="emphasis"><em>Chapter 5</em></span>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass describes the <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9 lightweight
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass resolver. The contents of <span class="emphasis"><em>Chapter 6</em></span> are
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass organized as in a reference manual to aid in the ongoing
8313ec4bff27d9e125eae95c8e80d63cd17f7c3eRyan Grove maintenance of the software. <span class="emphasis"><em>Chapter 7</em></span> addresses
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass security considerations, and
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <span class="emphasis"><em>Chapter 8</em></span> contains troubleshooting help. The
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass main body of the document is followed by several
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <span class="emphasis"><em>appendices</em></span> which contain useful reference
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass information, such as a <span class="emphasis"><em>bibliography</em></span> and
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass historic information related to <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass and the Domain Name
8313ec4bff27d9e125eae95c8e80d63cd17f7c3eRyan Grove<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
8313ec4bff27d9e125eae95c8e80d63cd17f7c3eRyan Grove<a name="conventions"></a>Conventions Used in This Document</h2></div></div></div>
8313ec4bff27d9e125eae95c8e80d63cd17f7c3eRyan Grove In this document, we use the following general typographic
8313ec4bff27d9e125eae95c8e80d63cd17f7c3eRyan Grove conventions:
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <span class="emphasis"><em>To describe:</em></span>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <span class="emphasis"><em>We use the style:</em></span>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass a pathname, filename, URL, hostname,
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass mailing list name, or new term or concept
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass literal user
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <strong class="userinput"><code>Fixed Width Bold</code></strong>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass program output
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass The following conventions are used in descriptions of the
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> configuration file:</p>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <span class="emphasis"><em>To describe:</em></span>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <span class="emphasis"><em>We use the style:</em></span>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass Optional input
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass [<span class="optional">Text is enclosed in square brackets</span>]
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<a name="dns_overview"></a>The Domain Name System (<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>)</h2></div></div></div>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass The purpose of this document is to explain the installation
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass and upkeep of the <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> (Berkeley Internet
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass Name Domain) software package, and we
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass begin by reviewing the fundamentals of the Domain Name System
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass (<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>) as they relate to <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>.
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass<a name="dns_fundamentals"></a>DNS Fundamentals</h3></div></div></div>
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical, distributed
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass database. It stores information for mapping Internet host names to
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass addresses and vice versa, mail routing information, and other data
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass used by Internet applications.
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass Clients look up information in the DNS by calling a
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <span class="emphasis"><em>resolver</em></span> library, which sends queries to one or
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass more <span class="emphasis"><em>name servers</em></span> and interprets the responses.
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass The <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9 software distribution
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass name server, <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span>, and a resolver
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass library, <span class="command"><strong>liblwres</strong></span>. The older
76ca635d61eb3f9fb7c9d788a44fa8b1690aa138Dav Glass <span class="command"><strong>libbind</strong></span> resolver library is also available
The data stored in the DNS is identified by <span class="emphasis"><em>domain names</em></span> that are organized as a tree according to
The data for each zone is stored in a <span class="emphasis"><em>name server</em></span>, which answers queries about the zone using the
form of <span class="emphasis"><em>resource records</em></span> (<acronym class="acronym">RR</acronym>s).
<a class="xref" href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#types_of_resource_records_and_when_to_use_them" title="Types of Resource Records and When to Use Them">the section called “Types of Resource Records and When to Use Them”</a>.
<a class="xref" href="Bv9ARM.ch11.html#rfcs" title="Request for Comments (RFCs)">the section called “Request for Comments (RFCs)”</a>.
<span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> (<a class="xref" href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#diagnostic_tools" title="Diagnostic Tools">the section called “Diagnostic Tools”</a>).
at the <span class="emphasis"><em>top level</em></span> or <span class="emphasis"><em>apex</em></span>
that can do it, and that server would query the Internet <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> servers