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6fe48fb46e53ffc37542853a1edb74cb481b7d94Automatic Updater - Copyright (C) 2000 Internet Software Consortium.
19558a04decde0e7261d489d92d04ad88104217bTinderbox User - Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
827f8cccb5280f4da66c46186e792d1cb9d73503Mark Andrews - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
827f8cccb5280f4da66c46186e792d1cb9d73503Mark Andrews - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
03ebc228ee3725738b067b6bd7082a9a731822a1Tinderbox User - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM DISCLAIMS
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dedefc0bdbb4e6e39eeb98aa2fc6883efec2ddb0Mark Andrews - OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL INTERNET SOFTWARE
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0eb371ca0dab50ae3462e98794a6126198c52f4bMark AndrewsAppendices</H6>
9ecb5d33470ebfb3719a1b8d56bcefdf4b27f7b2Tinderbox UserAppendix A. Acknowledgements</H6>
9ecb5d33470ebfb3719a1b8d56bcefdf4b27f7b2Tinderbox UserA.1 A Brief History of the DNS and BIND</H2>
280a8a0544b4aeb52414d20e8c6e6c5b1108562eTinderbox UserAlthough the "official" beginning of the Domain Name System occurred in 1984 with the publication of RFC 920, the core of the new system was described in 1983 in RFCs 882 and 883. From 1984 to 1987, the ARPAnet (the precursor to today's Internet) became a testbed of experimentation for developing the new naming/addressing scheme in an rapidly expanding, operational network environment. New RFCs were written and published in 1987 that modified the original documents to incorporate improvements based on the working model. RFC 1034, "Domain Names-Concepts and Facilities," and RFC 1035, "Domain Names-Implementation and Specification" were published and became the standards upon which all DNS implementations are built.</P>
aa9c561961e9d877946ebaa8795fa2be054ab7bfEvan HuntThe first working domain name server, called "Jeeves," was written in 1983-84 by Paul Mockapetris for operation on DEC Tops-20 machines located at the University of Southern California's Information Sciences Institute (USC-ISI) and SRI International's Network Information Center (SRI-NIC). A DNS server for Unix machines, the Berkeley Internet Name Domain (BIND) package, was written soon after by a group of graduate students at the University of California at Berkeley under a grant from the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Administration (DARPA). Versions of BIND through 4.8.3 were maintained by the Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG) at UC Berkeley. Douglas Terry, Mark Painter, David Riggle and Songnian Zhou made up the initial BIND project team. After that, additional work on the software package was done by Ralph Campbell. Kevin Dunlap, a Digital Equipment Corporation employee on loan to the CSRG, worked on BIND for 2 years, from 1985 to 1987. Many other people also contributed to BIND development during that time: Doug Kingston, Craig Partridge, Smoot Carl-Mitchell, Mike Muuss, Jim Bloom and Mike Schwartz. BIND maintenance was subsequently handled by Mike Karels and O. Kure.</P>
9513a2a6670951f5cf5477fcfec9f933fcaff628Automatic UpdaterBIND versions 4.9 and 4.9.1 were released by Digital Equipment Corporation (now Compaq Computer Corporation). Paul Vixie, then a DEC employee, became BIND's primary caretaker. Paul was assisted by Phil Almquist, Robert Elz, Alan Barrett, Paul Albitz, Bryan Beecher, Andrew Partan, Andy Cherenson, Tom Limoncelli, Berthold Paffrath, Fuat Baran, Anant Kumar, Art Harkin, Win Treese, Don Lewis, Christophe Wolfhugel, and others.</P>
dc238a06bffa79de141ee7655765e2df91498a8aTinderbox UserBIND Version 4.9.2 was sponsored by Vixie Enterprises. Paul Vixie became BIND's principal architect/programmer.</P>
9513a2a6670951f5cf5477fcfec9f933fcaff628Automatic UpdaterBIND versions from 4.9.3 onward have been developed and maintained by the Internet Software Consortium with support being provided by ISC's sponsors. As co-architects/programmers, Bob Halley and Paul Vixie released the first production-ready version of BIND version 8 in May 1997.</P>
cdfc81e048bd34c1d628380247bda6b80a89e20eAutomatic UpdaterBIND development work is made possible today by the sponsorship of several corporations, and by the tireless work efforts of numerous individuals.</P>
e813f036c8251b6d9d2a72fa84f80c2c9d2795afMark AndrewsHistorical DNS Information</H1>
e813f036c8251b6d9d2a72fa84f80c2c9d2795afMark AndrewsClasses of Resource Records</H2>
294e9d4c34462d29a3e766c88f452b46aeb3702fTinderbox UserB.1.1 HS = hesiod</H3>
2ae159b376dac23870d8005563c585acf85a4b5aEvan Huntclass is an information service developed by MIT's Project Athena. It is used to share information about various systems databases, such as users, groups, printers and so on. The keyword <CODE CLASS="Program-Process">
280a8a0544b4aeb52414d20e8c6e6c5b1108562eTinderbox User is a synonym for hesiod.</P>
ee11dfc481f2ef6a032a715454f6290961a722d2Tinderbox UserB.1.2 CH = chaos</H3>
c651f15b30f1dae5cc2f00878fb5da5b3a35a468Mark Andrews class is used to specify zone data for the MIT-developed CHAOSnet, a LAN protocol created in the mid-1970s.</P>
e813f036c8251b6d9d2a72fa84f80c2c9d2795afMark AndrewsBibliography (and Suggested Reading)</H1>
0eb371ca0dab50ae3462e98794a6126198c52f4bMark AndrewsRequest for Comments (RFCs)</H2>
e813f036c8251b6d9d2a72fa84f80c2c9d2795afMark AndrewsSpecification documents for the Internet protocol suite, including the DNS, are published as part of the Request for Comments (RFCs) series of technical notes. The standards themselves are defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). RFCs can be obtained online via FTP at <BR>
9ecb5d33470ebfb3719a1b8d56bcefdf4b27f7b2Tinderbox User is the number of the RFC). RFCs are also available via the Web at
280a8a0544b4aeb52414d20e8c6e6c5b1108562eTinderbox User<A HREF="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/</A></EM>
a450977e98155f6e828fe6f8d52cf24674231831Mark AndrewsC.1.1 Standards</H3>
827f8cccb5280f4da66c46186e792d1cb9d73503Mark AndrewsMail Routing and the Domain System</EM>
2a31bd531072824ef252c18303859d6af7451b00Francis Dupont. January 1986.</P>
c651f15b30f1dae5cc2f00878fb5da5b3a35a468Mark AndrewsRFC1034. Mockapetris, P.V. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
e40c4e4c17d4df338e2a7db0f84d8dbb3858964cTinderbox UserDomain Names - Concepts and Facilities</EM>
827f8cccb5280f4da66c46186e792d1cb9d73503Mark AndrewsRFC1035. Mockapetris, P. V. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
78f3ed4bc2fcd3d270bfd599804f3b27a1db4d91Mark AndrewsDomain Names - Implementation and Specification</EM>
78f3ed4bc2fcd3d270bfd599804f3b27a1db4d91Mark Andrews. November 1987.</P>
827f8cccb5280f4da66c46186e792d1cb9d73503Mark AndrewsProposed Standards</H3>
e40c4e4c17d4df338e2a7db0f84d8dbb3858964cTinderbox UserRFC2181. Elz, R., R. Bush. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
e40c4e4c17d4df338e2a7db0f84d8dbb3858964cTinderbox UserClarifications to the DNS Specification</EM>
9ecb5d33470ebfb3719a1b8d56bcefdf4b27f7b2Tinderbox User. July 1997.</P>
9ecb5d33470ebfb3719a1b8d56bcefdf4b27f7b2Tinderbox UserNegative Caching of DNS Queries</EM>
fe80a4909bf62b602feaf246866e9d29f7654194Automatic Updater. March 1998.</P>
9ecb5d33470ebfb3719a1b8d56bcefdf4b27f7b2Tinderbox UserIncremental Zone Transfer in DNS</EM>
fa0326cc2cf428f67575b6ba3b97b528a31b0010Tinderbox User. August 1996.</P>
9ecb5d33470ebfb3719a1b8d56bcefdf4b27f7b2Tinderbox UserA Mechanism for Prompt Notification of Zone Changes</EM>
fe80a4909bf62b602feaf246866e9d29f7654194Automatic Updater. August 1996.</P>
0eb371ca0dab50ae3462e98794a6126198c52f4bMark AndrewsRFC2136. Vixie, P., S. Thomson, Y. Rekhter, J. Bound. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
9ecb5d33470ebfb3719a1b8d56bcefdf4b27f7b2Tinderbox UserDynamic Updates in the Domain Name System</EM>
91216cff91b34c9ff6e846dc23f248219cafe660Andreas Gustafsson. April 1997.</P>
0eb371ca0dab50ae3462e98794a6126198c52f4bMark AndrewsRFC2845. Vixie, P., O. Gudmundsson, D. Eastlake 3rd, B. Wellington. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
9ecb5d33470ebfb3719a1b8d56bcefdf4b27f7b2Tinderbox UserSecret Key Transaction Authentication for DNS (TSIG)</EM>
dd65eb1efb40b1c47d57963192bfc54873b219beAutomatic Updater. May 2000.</P>
133e6d43fa82e80d3798be4de00f4540f485ec6cAutomatic UpdaterC.1.3 Proposed Standards Still Under Development</H3>
91216cff91b34c9ff6e846dc23f248219cafe660Andreas Gustafsson the following list of RFCs are undergoing major revision by the IETF.</P>
0eb371ca0dab50ae3462e98794a6126198c52f4bMark AndrewsRFC1886. Thomson, S., C. Huitema. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
9ecb5d33470ebfb3719a1b8d56bcefdf4b27f7b2Tinderbox UserDNS Extensions to support IP version 6</EM>
5f7586ddbd3edd11272cdd30ed613d936129328bTinderbox User. S. December 1995.</P>
0eb371ca0dab50ae3462e98794a6126198c52f4bMark AndrewsRFC2065. Eastlake, 3rd, D., C. Kaufman. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
015055b6e23f5c08f6a5b34726f90b62597e9e45Tinderbox UserDomain Name System Security Extensions</EM>
ac2e2800b4ac9cbe4cb756d967f4583c611eb75eMark Andrews. January 1997.</P>
e40c4e4c17d4df338e2a7db0f84d8dbb3858964cTinderbox UserRFC2137. Eastlake, 3rd, D. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
bac4435d473c9a0281507524f084480c34aa942aTinderbox UserSecure Domain Name System Dynamic Update</EM>
933799f3641f4f78445d015008bad0038900a82aTinderbox User. April 1997.</P>
ce9cad6bb04869c5e94d9dc721032b25117f9210Automatic UpdaterC.1.4 Other Important RFCs About DNS Implementation</H3>
933799f3641f4f78445d015008bad0038900a82aTinderbox UserA Security Problem and Proposed Correction With Widely Deployed DNS Software.</EM>
4151211e6649332f7b5a55870cbe37128bcc7b29Tinderbox User October 1993.</P>
ce9cad6bb04869c5e94d9dc721032b25117f9210Automatic UpdaterRFC1536. Kumar, A., J. Postel, C. Neuman, P. Danzig, S. Miller. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
f525041ae26958385b697cf82a30f108577024b6Tinderbox UserCommon DNS Implementation Errors and Suggested Fixes</EM>
b02be031b9ff37b042adc8e68e36b8bbc1f672b7Tinderbox User. October 1993.</P>
3ec8f7777ea2b04fc1ebb63077f0916f63b1011aTinderbox UserRFC1982. Elz, R., R. Bush. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
c218e22e3e6cbd409b61a14f1480b5ce5c70bfc1Tinderbox UserSerial Number Arithmetic</EM>
b02be031b9ff37b042adc8e68e36b8bbc1f672b7Tinderbox User. August 1996.</P>
ecbc7ebb243a1f8a5dc6f28185ffe9e61d3b2102Mark AndrewsC.1.5 Resource Record Types</H3>
39ae0eafed076ef769fef5c18b22a8051df5c93aTinderbox UserRFC1183. Everhart, C.F., L. A. Mamakos, R. Ullmann, P. Mockapetris. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
91d187ce035f39073f0732ff2a401a45c3c955fbMark AndrewsNew DNS RR Definitions</EM>
c2abd6efeb9affa70aabb63da2acb23e135cf7f2Mark Andrews. October 1990.</P>
ce9cad6bb04869c5e94d9dc721032b25117f9210Automatic UpdaterRFC1706. Manning, B., R. Colella. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
9cd5eb6fe0f26d65724b99216cb31dcdd12e4afdAutomatic UpdaterDNS NSAP Resource Records</EM>
dc238a06bffa79de141ee7655765e2df91498a8aTinderbox User. October 1994.</P>
f2f7a53ba0ba69cfe8c505eea16f71bad9d8d449Tinderbox UserRFC2168. Daniel, R., M. Mealling. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
c26604a73c4ce907ef6392f38b3fac838b1873a9Tinderbox UserResolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using the Domain Name System. June 1997.</EM>
c651f15b30f1dae5cc2f00878fb5da5b3a35a468Mark AndrewsRFC1876. Davis, C., P. Vixie, T. Goodwin, I. Dickinson. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
bac4435d473c9a0281507524f084480c34aa942aTinderbox UserA Means for Expressing Location Information in the Domain Name System</EM>
c651f15b30f1dae5cc2f00878fb5da5b3a35a468Mark Andrews. January 1996.</P>
e40c4e4c17d4df338e2a7db0f84d8dbb3858964cTinderbox UserRFC2052. Gulbrandsen, A., P. Vixie. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
933799f3641f4f78445d015008bad0038900a82aTinderbox UserA DNS RR for Specifying the Location of Services.</EM>
ce9cad6bb04869c5e94d9dc721032b25117f9210Automatic Updater October 1996.</P>
710bce1a85c96e85ca1a90471382055acd29d51fTinderbox UserRFC2163. Allocchio, A. U<EM CLASS="doc-title">
757ff043760e4743dda1a10e7d58349275934902Tinderbox Usersing the Internet DNS to Distribute MIXER Conformant Global Address Mapping</EM>
ae454ec746d1d4db8d04e107d4d25ff13158c37fMark Andrews. January 1998.</P>
ce9cad6bb04869c5e94d9dc721032b25117f9210Automatic UpdaterRFC2230. Atkinson, R. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
ae454ec746d1d4db8d04e107d4d25ff13158c37fMark AndrewsKey Exchange Delegation Record for the DNS</EM>
1bcc3273a80c256f11d9098a00ba2c041939e233Mark Andrews. October 1997.</P>
ba8b771c371967dd1254c7fa82ebe4158ee04b24Tinderbox UserC.1.6 DNS and the Internet</H3>
b886b04d8d2b085cbf3e1bf4442dee87f43ba5e4Tinderbox UserRFC1101. Mockapetris, P. V. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
03ebc228ee3725738b067b6bd7082a9a731822a1Tinderbox UserDNS Encoding of Network Names and Other Types</EM>
3857cb6fcabeb79d85de4b3e3e4ab99912b701f8Mark Andrews. April 1989.</P>
91216cff91b34c9ff6e846dc23f248219cafe660Andreas GustafssonRequirements for Internet Hosts - Application and Support</EM>
9ecb5d33470ebfb3719a1b8d56bcefdf4b27f7b2Tinderbox User. October 1989.</P>
ebdf202f2198158ab4d30f22c370a9c63760d071Tinderbox Useromain Name System Structure and Delegation</EM>
8292deab031e7599cd7622aa7675fbe139ca6095Mark Andrews. March 1994.</P>
78f3ed4bc2fcd3d270bfd599804f3b27a1db4d91Mark AndrewsRFC2317. Eidnes, H., G. de Groot, P. Vixie. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
827f8cccb5280f4da66c46186e792d1cb9d73503Mark Andrews. March 1998.</P>
78f3ed4bc2fcd3d270bfd599804f3b27a1db4d91Mark AndrewsC.1.7 DNS Operations</H3>
3759f10fc543747668b1ca4b4671f35b0dea8445Francis DupontCommon DNS Data File Configuration Errors</EM>
827f8cccb5280f4da66c46186e792d1cb9d73503Mark Andrews. October 1993.</P>
e813f036c8251b6d9d2a72fa84f80c2c9d2795afMark AndrewsCommon DNS Operational and Configuration Errors</EM>
280a8a0544b4aeb52414d20e8c6e6c5b1108562eTinderbox User. February 1996.</P>
dedefc0bdbb4e6e39eeb98aa2fc6883efec2ddb0Mark AndrewsRFC2182. Elz, R. R. Bush, S. Bradner, M. Patton. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
e813f036c8251b6d9d2a72fa84f80c2c9d2795afMark AndrewsSelection and Operation of Secondary DNS Servers</EM>
280a8a0544b4aeb52414d20e8c6e6c5b1108562eTinderbox User. July 1997.</P>
dedefc0bdbb4e6e39eeb98aa2fc6883efec2ddb0Mark AndrewsRFC2219. Hamilton, M., R. Wright. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
e813f036c8251b6d9d2a72fa84f80c2c9d2795afMark AndrewsUse of DNS Aliases for Network Services.</EM>
280a8a0544b4aeb52414d20e8c6e6c5b1108562eTinderbox User October 1997.</P>
280a8a0544b4aeb52414d20e8c6e6c5b1108562eTinderbox UserC.1.8 Other DNS-related RFCs</H3>
01a5c5503482fb3ba52088bf0178a7213273bf96Mark Andrews the following list of RFCs, although DNS-related, are not concerned with implementing software.</P>
e64202536ea72d8f371dd0df9fc763f8d70bf886Tinderbox UserUsing the Domain Name System To Store Arbitrary String Attributes</EM>
015055b6e23f5c08f6a5b34726f90b62597e9e45Tinderbox User. May 1993.</P>
757ff043760e4743dda1a10e7d58349275934902Tinderbox UserTools for DNS Debugging</EM>
c651f15b30f1dae5cc2f00878fb5da5b3a35a468Mark Andrews. November 1994.</P>
3759f10fc543747668b1ca4b4671f35b0dea8445Francis DupontDNS Support for Load Balancing</EM>
7f79131f9a8e804b93c57f3c679065cce878b726Automatic Updater. April 1995.</P>
280a8a0544b4aeb52414d20e8c6e6c5b1108562eTinderbox UserA Legal Basis for Domain Name Allocation</EM>
0eb371ca0dab50ae3462e98794a6126198c52f4bMark Andrews. November1997.</P>
280a8a0544b4aeb52414d20e8c6e6c5b1108562eTinderbox UserRFC2345. Klensin, J., T. Wolf, G. Oglesby. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
0eb371ca0dab50ae3462e98794a6126198c52f4bMark AndrewsDomain Names and Company Name Retrieval</EM>
3a988722ad9e209ba4064604d482dc4efe0e19ebTinderbox User. May 1998.</P>
dedefc0bdbb4e6e39eeb98aa2fc6883efec2ddb0Mark AndrewsA Convention For Using Legal Names as Domain Names</EM>
1bf507ca635310b340aea42d6c3e567819974a99Tinderbox User. May 1998.</P>
0eb371ca0dab50ae3462e98794a6126198c52f4bMark AndrewsC.1.9 Obsolete and Unimplemented Experimental RRs</H3>
a5636b773fa05a272b6876afd99309c0b3090e2fMark AndrewsRFC1712. Farrell, C., M. Schulze, S. Pleitner, D. Baldoni. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
a5636b773fa05a272b6876afd99309c0b3090e2fMark AndrewsDNS Encoding of Geographical Location</EM>
a5636b773fa05a272b6876afd99309c0b3090e2fMark Andrews. November 1994.</P>
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian WellingtonInternet Drafts</H2>
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian WellingtonInternet Drafts (IDs) are rough-draft working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force. They are, in essence, RFCs in the preliminary stages of development. Implementors are cautioned not to regard IDs as archival, and they should not be quoted or cited in any formal documents unless accompanied by the disclaimer that they are "works in progress." IDs have a lifespan of six months after which they are deleted unless updated by their authors.</P>
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian WellingtonC.3 Electronic Mail Communication</H2>
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian WellingtonWellington, Brian (bwellington@tislabs.com). <EM CLASS="doc-title">
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian WellingtonDNSSEC usage document</EM>
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian Wellington. E-mail to David Conrad (David_Conrad@isc.org). 15 March 1999.</P>
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian WellingtonWellington, Brian (bwellington@tislabs.com). <EM CLASS="doc-title">
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian WellingtonTSIG guide for BIND 8.2+</EM>
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian Wellington. E-mail to private mailing list (private communication). 22 April 1999.</P>
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian WellingtonC.4 Other BIND Documents</H2>
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian WellingtonAlbitz, Paul and Cricket Liu. 1998. <EM CLASS="doc-title">
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian WellingtonDNS and BIND</EM>
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian Wellington. Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly and Associates.</P>
9e3a7b0faf417a10f5f689edf288807b2d5eedc5Brian Wellington<p>Return to <A href="Bv9ARM.html">BINDv9 Administrator Reference Manual</A>