named.html revision 6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ec
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley - Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Internet Software Consortium.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley - Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley - DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley - IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley - INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley - FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley - NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley - WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>named</TITLE
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyNAME="GENERATOR"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.63
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REFENTRY"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyTEXT="#000000"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyLINK="#0000FF"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyVLINK="#840084"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyALINK="#0000FF"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="APPLICATION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REFNAMEDIV"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="APPLICATION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> -- Internet domain name server</DIV
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>Synopsis</H2
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="COMMAND"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>config-file</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>debug-level</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>directory</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>cache-file</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REFSECT1"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>DESCRIPTION</H2
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="COMMAND"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> is a Domain Name System (DNS) server,
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley part of the BIND 9 distribution from ISC. For more
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley information on the DNS, see RFCs 1033, 1034, and 1035.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> When invoked without arguments, <B
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="COMMAND"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley read the default configuration file
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="FILENAME"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>, read any initial
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley data, and listen for queries.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REFSECT1"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="VARIABLELIST"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>config-file</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>config-file</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley configuration file instead of the default,
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="FILENAME"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley ensure that reloading the configuration file continues
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley to work after the server has changed its working
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley directory due to to a possible
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>directory</TT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> option in the configuration
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>config-file</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley an absolute pathname.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>debug-level</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> Set the daemon's debug level to <TT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>debug-level</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley Debugging traces from <B
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="COMMAND"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley more verbose as the debug level increases.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize).
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> Run the server in the foreground and force all logging
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="FILENAME"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> worker threads
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If not specified,
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="COMMAND"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> will try to determine the
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley single worker thread will be created.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> Listen for queries on port <TT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley specified, the default is port 53.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> Write memory usage statistics to <TT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="FILENAME"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley and may be removed or changed in a future release.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley></BLOCKQUOTE
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>directory</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="FUNCTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>chroot()</TT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>directory</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley processing the command line arguments, but before
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley reading the configuration file.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="WARNING"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="WARNING"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyALIGN="CENTER"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> This option should be used in conjunction with the
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> option, as chrooting a process
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley running as root doesn't enhance security on most
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley systems; the way <TT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="FUNCTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>chroot()</TT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley defined allows a process with root privileges to
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley escape a chroot jail.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="FUNCTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>setuid()</TT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> after completing
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley privileged operations, such as creating sockets that
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley listen on privileged ports.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> On Linux, <B
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="COMMAND"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> uses the kernel's
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley capability mechanism to drop all root privileges
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley except the ability to <TT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="FUNCTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley privileged port and set process resource limits.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley Unfortunately, this means that the <TT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="OPTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley option only works when <B
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="COMMAND"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley on kernel 2.2.18 or later, or kernel 2.3.99-pre3 or
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley later, since previous kernels did not allow privileges
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley to be retained after <TT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="FUNCTION"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>setuid()</TT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley></BLOCKQUOTE
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> Report the version number and exit.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>cache-file</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> Load data from <TT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>cache-file</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley cache of the default view.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="WARNING"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="WARNING"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyALIGN="CENTER"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> This option must not be used. It is only of interest
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley to BIND 9 developers and may be removed or changed in a
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley future release.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REFSECT1"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyNAME="AEN137"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> In routine operation, signals should not be used to control
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley the nameserver; <B
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="COMMAND"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> should be used
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="VARIABLELIST"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> Force a reload of the server.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>SIGINT, SIGTERM</DT
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> Shut down the server.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> The result of sending any other signals to the server is undefined.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REFSECT1"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyNAME="AEN151"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>CONFIGURATION</H2
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="COMMAND"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> configuration file is too complex
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley to describe in detail here. A complete description is
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley provided in the <I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="CITETITLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>BIND 9 Administrator Reference
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REFSECT1"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyNAME="AEN156"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="VARIABLELIST"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="FILENAME"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> The default configuration file.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="FILENAME"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> The default process-id file.
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REFSECT1"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyNAME="AEN169"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>SEE ALSO</H2
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="CITETITLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="CITETITLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="CITETITLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>lwresd</SPAN
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="CITETITLE"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</I
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyCLASS="REFSECT1"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob HalleyNAME="AEN182"
6ea1b817e31b89a627e146fe69e23ea0a64c89ecBob Halley> Internet Software Consortium