named.docbook revision f159b7b5c761d9107808fef524a8491f41b4cd4f
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson [<!ENTITY mdash "—">]>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - Copyright (C) 2004-2009, 2011, 2013-2015 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2003 Internet Software Consortium.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <refentryinfo>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </refentryinfo>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <refentrytitle><application>named</application></refentrytitle>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <refname><application>named</application></refname>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <refpurpose>Internet domain name server</refpurpose>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <holder>Internet Software Consortium.</holder>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <refsynopsisdiv>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-d <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-D <replaceable class="parameter">string</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-E <replaceable class="parameter">engine-name</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-L <replaceable class="parameter">logfile</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-M <replaceable class="parameter">option</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-m <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-n <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-S <replaceable class="parameter">#max-socks</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-U <replaceable class="parameter">#listeners</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-u <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-X <replaceable class="parameter">lock-file</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-x <replaceable class="parameter">cache-file</replaceable></option></arg>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </cmdsynopsis>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </refsynopsisdiv>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson is a Domain Name System (DNS) server,
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson part of the BIND 9 distribution from ISC. For more
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson information on the DNS, see RFCs 1033, 1034, and 1035.
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson When invoked without arguments, <command>named</command>
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson read the default configuration file
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson <filename>/etc/named.conf</filename>, read any initial
8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson data, and listen for queries.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <variablelist>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Use IPv4 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv6.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <option>-4</option> and <option>-6</option> are mutually
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Use IPv6 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv4.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <option>-4</option> and <option>-6</option> are mutually
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Use <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable> as the
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson configuration file instead of the default,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson ensure that reloading the configuration file continues
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson to work after the server has changed its working
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson directory due to to a possible
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <option>directory</option> option in the configuration
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson file, <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable> should be
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson an absolute pathname.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-d <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Set the daemon's debug level to <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable>.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Debugging traces from <command>named</command> become
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson more verbose as the debug level increases.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-D <replaceable class="parameter">string</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Specifies a string that is used to identify a instance of
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <command>named</command> in a process listing. The contents
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson of <replaceable class="parameter">string</replaceable> are
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-E <replaceable class="parameter">engine-name</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson When applicable, specifies the hardware to use for
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson cryptographic operations, such as a secure key store used
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson When BIND is built with OpenSSL PKCS#11 support, this defaults
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson to the string "pkcs11", which identifies an OpenSSL engine
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson that can drive a cryptographic accelerator or hardware service
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson module. When BIND is built with native PKCS#11 cryptography
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson (--enable-native-pkcs11), it defaults to the path of the PKCS#11
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson provider library specified via "--with-pkcs11".
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize).
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Run the server in the foreground and force all logging
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-L <replaceable class="parameter">logfile</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Log to the file <option>logfile</option> by default
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson instead of the system log.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-M <replaceable class="parameter">option</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Sets the default memory context options. Currently
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson the only supported option is
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <replaceable class="parameter">external</replaceable>,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson which causes the internal memory manager to be bypassed
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson in favor of system-provided memory allocation functions.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-m <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Turn on memory usage debugging flags. Possible flags are
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <replaceable class="parameter">usage</replaceable>,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <replaceable class="parameter">trace</replaceable>,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <replaceable class="parameter">record</replaceable>,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <replaceable class="parameter">size</replaceable>, and
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <replaceable class="parameter">mctx</replaceable>.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson These correspond to the ISC_MEM_DEBUGXXXX flags described in
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-n <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Create <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable> worker threads
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If not specified,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <command>named</command> will try to determine the
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson single worker thread will be created.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Listen for queries on port <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable>. If not
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson specified, the default is port 53.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Write memory usage statistics to <filename>stdout</filename> on exit.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson and may be removed or changed in a future release.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-S <replaceable class="parameter">#max-socks</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Allow <command>named</command> to use up to
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <replaceable class="parameter">#max-socks</replaceable> sockets.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson The default value is 4096 on systems built with default
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson configuration options, and 21000 on systems built with
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson "configure --with-tuning=large".
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson This option should be unnecessary for the vast majority
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson The use of this option could even be harmful because the
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson specified value may exceed the limitation of the
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson underlying system API.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson It is therefore set only when the default configuration
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson causes exhaustion of file descriptors and the
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson operational environment is known to support the
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson specified number of sockets.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Note also that the actual maximum number is normally a little
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson fewer than the specified value because
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <command>named</command> reserves some file descriptors
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson for its internal use.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-t <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson to <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable> after
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson processing the command line arguments, but before
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson reading the configuration file.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson This option should be used in conjunction with the
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <option>-u</option> option, as chrooting a process
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson running as root doesn't enhance security on most
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson systems; the way <function>chroot(2)</function> is
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson defined allows a process with root privileges to
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson escape a chroot jail.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-U <replaceable class="parameter">#listeners</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Use <replaceable class="parameter">#listeners</replaceable>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson worker threads to listen for incoming UDP packets on each
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson address. If not specified, <command>named</command> will
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson calculate a default value based on the number of detected
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson CPUs: 1 for 1 CPU, 2 for 2-4 CPUs, and the number of
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson detected CPUs divided by 2 for values higher than 4.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson If <option>-n</option> has been set to a higher value than
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson the number of detected CPUs, then <option>-U</option> may
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson be increased as high as that value, but no higher.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-u <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson to <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable> after completing
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson privileged operations, such as creating sockets that
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson listen on privileged ports.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson On Linux, <command>named</command> uses the kernel's
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson capability mechanism to drop all root privileges
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson except the ability to <function>bind(2)</function> to
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson privileged port and set process resource limits.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Unfortunately, this means that the <option>-u</option>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson option only works when <command>named</command> is
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson on kernel 2.2.18 or later, or kernel 2.3.99-pre3 or
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson later, since previous kernels did not allow privileges
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson to be retained after <function>setuid(2)</function>.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Report the version number and exit.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Report the version number and build options, and exit.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-X <replaceable class="parameter">lock-file</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Acquire a lock on the specified file at runtime; this
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson helps to prevent duplicate <command>named</command> instances
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson from running simultaneously. If not specified via this option,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson the default lockfile is <filename>/var/run/named/named.lock</filename>.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term>-x <replaceable class="parameter">cache-file</replaceable></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Load data from <replaceable class="parameter">cache-file</replaceable> into the
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson cache of the default view.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson This option must not be used. It is only of interest
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson to BIND 9 developers and may be removed or changed in a
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson future release.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </variablelist>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson In routine operation, signals should not be used to control
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson the nameserver; <command>rndc</command> should be used
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <variablelist>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Force a reload of the server.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson Shut down the server.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </variablelist>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson The result of sending any other signals to the server is undefined.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson The <command>named</command> configuration file is too complex
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson to describe in detail here. A complete description is provided
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <command>named</command> inherits the <function>umask</function>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson (file creation mode mask) from the parent process. If files
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson created by <command>named</command>, such as journal files,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson need to have custom permissions, the <function>umask</function>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson should be set explicitly in the script used to start the
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <variablelist>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term><filename>/etc/named.conf</filename></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson The default configuration file.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <term><filename>/var/run/named/named.pid</filename></term>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson The default process-id file.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </variablelist>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <citerefentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <refentrytitle>named-checkconf</refentrytitle>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </citerefentry>,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <citerefentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <refentrytitle>named-checkzone</refentrytitle>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </citerefentry>,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <citerefentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </citerefentry>,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <citerefentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </citerefentry>,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <citerefentry>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <refentrytitle>named.conf</refentrytitle>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson </citerefentry>,
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>.
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson <para><corpauthor>Internet Systems Consortium</corpauthor>
ddccd5811feff696ba460dabfb666ce61040f545Andreas Gustafsson - Local variables: