14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson [<!ENTITY mdash "&#8212;">]>

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt<refentry id="man.named">

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <refentryinfo>

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <date>February 19, 2014</date>

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt </refentryinfo>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <refmeta>

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <refentrytitle><application>named</application></refentrytitle>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </refmeta>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <refnamediv>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <refname><application>named</application></refname>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <refpurpose>Internet domain name server</refpurpose>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson </refnamediv>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <docinfo>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <copyright>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <year>2004</year>

c1a883f2e04d94e99c433b1f6cfd0c0338f4ed85Mark Andrews <year>2005</year>

938440694b33cd752e9e4b71a526368b4811c177Tinderbox User <year>2006</year>

19c7b1a0293498a3e36692c59646ed6e15ffc8d0Tinderbox User <year>2007</year>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <year>2008</year>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <year>2009</year>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <year>2011</year>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <year>2013</year>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <year>2014</year>

f5d30e2864e048a42c4dc1134993ae7efdb5d6c3Mark Andrews <holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </copyright>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <copyright>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <year>2000</year>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <year>2001</year>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <year>2003</year>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <holder>Internet Software Consortium.</holder>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </copyright>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </docinfo>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <refsynopsisdiv>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <cmdsynopsis>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <command>named</command>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-4</option></arg>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <arg><option>-6</option></arg>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></option></arg>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <arg><option>-d <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable></option></arg>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-D <replaceable class="parameter">string</replaceable></option></arg>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-E <replaceable class="parameter">engine-name</replaceable></option></arg>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-f</option></arg>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-g</option></arg>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-L <replaceable class="parameter">logfile</replaceable></option></arg>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <arg><option>-m <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></option></arg>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-n <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable></option></arg>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></option></arg>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-s</option></arg>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <arg><option>-S <replaceable class="parameter">#max-socks</replaceable></option></arg>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <arg><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></option></arg>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <arg><option>-U <replaceable class="parameter">#listeners</replaceable></option></arg>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <arg><option>-u <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable></option></arg>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <arg><option>-v</option></arg>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-V</option></arg>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <arg><option>-x <replaceable class="parameter">cache-file</replaceable></option></arg>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </cmdsynopsis>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson </refsynopsisdiv>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <refsect1>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <title>DESCRIPTION</title>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para><command>named</command>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein is a Domain Name System (DNS) server,

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein part of the BIND 9 distribution from ISC. For more

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein information on the DNS, see RFCs 1033, 1034, and 1035.

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson </para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson When invoked without arguments, <command>named</command>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson will

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein read the default configuration file

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <filename>/etc/named.conf</filename>, read any initial

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein data, and listen for queries.

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </refsect1>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <refsect1>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <title>OPTIONS</title>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <variablelist>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <term>-4</term>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson Use IPv4 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv6.

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <option>-4</option> and <option>-6</option> are mutually

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein exclusive.

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson </para>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson </listitem>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <term>-6</term>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson Use IPv6 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv4.

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <option>-4</option> and <option>-6</option> are mutually

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein exclusive.

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </listitem>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson </varlistentry>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <varlistentry>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <term>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></term>

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <listitem>

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Use <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable> as the

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein configuration file instead of the default,

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <filename>/etc/named.conf</filename>. To

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein ensure that reloading the configuration file continues

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein to work after the server has changed its working

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein directory due to to a possible

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <option>directory</option> option in the configuration

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein file, <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable> should be

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein an absolute pathname.

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <term>-d <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable></term>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Set the daemon's debug level to <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable>.

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Debugging traces from <command>named</command> become

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein more verbose as the debug level increases.

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <varlistentry>

8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson <term>-D <replaceable class="parameter">string</replaceable></term>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Specifies a string that is used to identify a instance of

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <command>named</command> in a process listing. The contents

8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson of <replaceable class="parameter">string</replaceable> are

8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson not examined.

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson </para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson <varlistentry>

8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson <term>-E <replaceable class="parameter">engine-name</replaceable></term>

8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson <listitem>

8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson <para>

8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson When applicable, specifies the hardware to use for

8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson cryptographic operations, such as a secure key store used

8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson for signing.

8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson </para>

8eea877894ea5bcf5cdd9ca124a8601ad421d753Andreas Gustafsson <para>

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson When BIND is built with OpenSSL PKCS#11 support, this defaults

9ffbbce6a624b6051b3d001edcbad1e02c69bd45Andreas Gustafsson to the string "pkcs11", which identifies an OpenSSL engine

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein that can drive a cryptographic accelerator or hardware service

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein module. When BIND is built with native PKCS#11 cryptography

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein (--enable-native-pkcs11), it defaults to the path of the PKCS#11

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein provider library specified via "--with-pkcs11".

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <term>-f</term>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize).

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <term>-g</term>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Run the server in the foreground and force all logging

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein to <filename>stderr</filename>.

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <term>-L <replaceable class="parameter">logfile</replaceable></term>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Log to the file <option>logfile</option> by default

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein instead of the system log.

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <term>-m <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></term>

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <listitem>

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Turn on memory usage debugging flags. Possible flags are

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <replaceable class="parameter">usage</replaceable>,

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <replaceable class="parameter">trace</replaceable>,

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <replaceable class="parameter">record</replaceable>,

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <replaceable class="parameter">size</replaceable>, and

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <replaceable class="parameter">mctx</replaceable>.

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein These correspond to the ISC_MEM_DEBUGXXXX flags described in

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <filename>&lt;isc/mem.h&gt;</filename>.

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <term>-n <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable></term>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Create <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable> worker threads

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If not specified,

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <command>named</command> will try to determine the

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU.

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein single worker thread will be created.

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <varlistentry>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <term>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></term>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para>

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt Listen for queries on port <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable>. If not

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein specified, the default is port 53.

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </varlistentry>

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <varlistentry>

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <term>-s</term>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <listitem>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para>

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Write memory usage statistics to <filename>stdout</filename> on exit.

268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </para>

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <note>

14a656f94b1fd0ababd84a772228dfa52276ba15Evan Hunt <para>

This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers

and may be removed or changed in a future release.

</para>

</note>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-S <replaceable class="parameter">#max-socks</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Allow <command>named</command> to use up to

<replaceable class="parameter">#max-socks</replaceable> sockets.

The default value is 4096 on systems built with default

configuration options, and 21000 on systems built with

"configure --with-tuning=large".

</para>

<warning>

<para>

This option should be unnecessary for the vast majority

of users.

The use of this option could even be harmful because the

specified value may exceed the limitation of the

underlying system API.

It is therefore set only when the default configuration

causes exhaustion of file descriptors and the

operational environment is known to support the

specified number of sockets.

Note also that the actual maximum number is normally a little

fewer than the specified value because

<command>named</command> reserves some file descriptors

for its internal use.

</para>

</warning>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-t <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>Chroot

to <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable> after

processing the command line arguments, but before

reading the configuration file.

</para>

<warning>

<para>

This option should be used in conjunction with the

<option>-u</option> option, as chrooting a process

running as root doesn't enhance security on most

systems; the way <function>chroot(2)</function> is

defined allows a process with root privileges to

escape a chroot jail.

</para>

</warning>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-U <replaceable class="parameter">#listeners</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Use <replaceable class="parameter">#listeners</replaceable>

worker threads to listen for incoming UDP packets on each

address. If not specified, <command>named</command> will

calculate a default value based on the number of detected

CPUs: 1 for 1 CPU, 2 for 2-4 CPUs, and the number of

detected CPUs divided by 2 for values higher than 4.

If <option>-n</option> has been set to a higher value than

the number of detected CPUs, then <option>-U</option> may

be increased as high as that value, but no higher.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-u <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>Setuid

to <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable> after completing

privileged operations, such as creating sockets that

listen on privileged ports.

</para>

<note>

<para>

On Linux, <command>named</command> uses the kernel's

capability mechanism to drop all root privileges

except the ability to <function>bind(2)</function> to

a

privileged port and set process resource limits.

Unfortunately, this means that the <option>-u</option>

option only works when <command>named</command> is

run

on kernel 2.2.18 or later, or kernel 2.3.99-pre3 or

later, since previous kernels did not allow privileges

to be retained after <function>setuid(2)</function>.

</para>

</note>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-v</term>

<listitem>

<para>

Report the version number and exit.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-V</term>

<listitem>

<para>

Report the version number and build options, and exit.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-x <replaceable class="parameter">cache-file</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Load data from <replaceable class="parameter">cache-file</replaceable> into the

cache of the default view.

</para>

<warning>

<para>

This option must not be used. It is only of interest

to BIND 9 developers and may be removed or changed in a

future release.

</para>

</warning>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>SIGNALS</title>

<para>

In routine operation, signals should not be used to control

the nameserver; <command>rndc</command> should be used

instead.

</para>

<variablelist>

<varlistentry>

<term>SIGHUP</term>

<listitem>

<para>

Force a reload of the server.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>SIGINT, SIGTERM</term>

<listitem>

<para>

Shut down the server.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

<para>

The result of sending any other signals to the server is undefined.

</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>CONFIGURATION</title>

<para>

The <command>named</command> configuration file is too complex

to describe in detail here. A complete description is provided

in the

<citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>.

</para>

<para>

<command>named</command> inherits the <function>umask</function>

(file creation mode mask) from the parent process. If files

created by <command>named</command>, such as journal files,

need to have custom permissions, the <function>umask</function>

should be set explicitly in the script used to start the

<command>named</command> process.

</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>FILES</title>

<variablelist>

<varlistentry>

<term><filename>/etc/named.conf</filename></term>

<listitem>

<para>

The default configuration file.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><filename>/var/run/named/named.pid</filename></term>

<listitem>

<para>

The default process-id file.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>SEE ALSO</title>

<para><citetitle>RFC 1033</citetitle>,

<citetitle>RFC 1034</citetitle>,

<citetitle>RFC 1035</citetitle>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>named-checkconf</refentrytitle>

<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>named-checkzone</refentrytitle>

<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>rndc</refentrytitle>

<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>lwresd</refentrytitle>

<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>named.conf</refentrytitle>

<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>.

</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>AUTHOR</title>

<para><corpauthor>Internet Systems Consortium</corpauthor>

</para>

</refsect1>

</refentry><!--