f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews [<!ENTITY mdash "&#8212;">]>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews<refentry id="man.named">

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <refentryinfo>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <date>February 19, 2014</date>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </refentryinfo>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <refmeta>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <refentrytitle><application>named</application></refentrytitle>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </refmeta>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <refnamediv>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <refname><application>named</application></refname>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <refpurpose>Internet domain name server</refpurpose>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </refnamediv>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <docinfo>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <copyright>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <year>2004</year>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <year>2005</year>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <year>2006</year>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <year>2007</year>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <year>2008</year>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <year>2009</year>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <year>2011</year>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <year>2013</year>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <year>2014</year>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </copyright>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <copyright>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <year>2000</year>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <year>2001</year>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <year>2003</year>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <holder>Internet Software Consortium.</holder>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </copyright>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </docinfo>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <refsynopsisdiv>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <cmdsynopsis>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <command>named</command>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <arg><option>-4</option></arg>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <arg><option>-6</option></arg>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <arg><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></option></arg>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <arg><option>-d <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable></option></arg>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <arg><option>-D <replaceable class="parameter">string</replaceable></option></arg>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <arg><option>-E <replaceable class="parameter">engine-name</replaceable></option></arg>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <arg><option>-f</option></arg>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <arg><option>-g</option></arg>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <arg><option>-L <replaceable class="parameter">logfile</replaceable></option></arg>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <arg><option>-M <replaceable class="parameter">option</replaceable></option></arg>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <arg><option>-m <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></option></arg>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <arg><option>-n <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable></option></arg>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <arg><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></option></arg>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <arg><option>-s</option></arg>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <arg><option>-S <replaceable class="parameter">#max-socks</replaceable></option></arg>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <arg><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></option></arg>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <arg><option>-U <replaceable class="parameter">#listeners</replaceable></option></arg>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <arg><option>-u <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable></option></arg>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <arg><option>-v</option></arg>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <arg><option>-V</option></arg>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <arg><option>-X <replaceable class="parameter">lock-file</replaceable></option></arg>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <arg><option>-x <replaceable class="parameter">cache-file</replaceable></option></arg>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </cmdsynopsis>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </refsynopsisdiv>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <refsect1>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <title>DESCRIPTION</title>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para><command>named</command>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews is a Domain Name System (DNS) server,

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews part of the BIND 9 distribution from ISC. For more

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews information on the DNS, see RFCs 1033, 1034, and 1035.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews When invoked without arguments, <command>named</command>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews will

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews read the default configuration file

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <filename>/etc/named.conf</filename>, read any initial

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews data, and listen for queries.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </refsect1>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <refsect1>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <title>OPTIONS</title>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <variablelist>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-4</term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <para>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews Use IPv4 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv6.

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <option>-4</option> and <option>-6</option> are mutually

5901928ef856543882f38b2318e8991ce2644d2bMark Andrews exclusive.

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </para>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </listitem>

2cd8a160b9e2c0c7a016b534652b5c909f36ed4aMark Andrews </varlistentry>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-6</term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews Use IPv6 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv4.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <option>-4</option> and <option>-6</option> are mutually

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews exclusive.

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews Use <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable> as the

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews configuration file instead of the default,

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <filename>/etc/named.conf</filename>. To

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews ensure that reloading the configuration file continues

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews to work after the server has changed its working

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews directory due to to a possible

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <option>directory</option> option in the configuration

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews file, <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable> should be

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews an absolute pathname.

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </para>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </listitem>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </varlistentry>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-d <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable></term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews Set the daemon's debug level to <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable>.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews Debugging traces from <command>named</command> become

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews more verbose as the debug level increases.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-D <replaceable class="parameter">string</replaceable></term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews Specifies a string that is used to identify a instance of

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <command>named</command> in a process listing. The contents

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews of <replaceable class="parameter">string</replaceable> are

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews not examined.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-E <replaceable class="parameter">engine-name</replaceable></term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews When applicable, specifies the hardware to use for

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews cryptographic operations, such as a secure key store used

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews for signing.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews When BIND is built with OpenSSL PKCS#11 support, this defaults

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews to the string "pkcs11", which identifies an OpenSSL engine

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews that can drive a cryptographic accelerator or hardware service

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews module. When BIND is built with native PKCS#11 cryptography

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews (--enable-native-pkcs11), it defaults to the path of the PKCS#11

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews provider library specified via "--with-pkcs11".

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </para>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </listitem>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </varlistentry>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-f</term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize).

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </para>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-g</term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews Run the server in the foreground and force all logging

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews to <filename>stderr</filename>.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-L <replaceable class="parameter">logfile</replaceable></term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews Log to the file <option>logfile</option> by default

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews instead of the system log.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-M <replaceable class="parameter">option</replaceable></term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews Sets the default memory context options. Currently

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews the only supported option is

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <replaceable class="parameter">external</replaceable>,

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews which causes the internal memory manager to be bypassed

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews in favor of system-provided memory allocation functions.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </listitem>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <term>-m <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></term>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <listitem>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <para>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews Turn on memory usage debugging flags. Possible flags are

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <replaceable class="parameter">usage</replaceable>,

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <replaceable class="parameter">trace</replaceable>,

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <replaceable class="parameter">record</replaceable>,

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <replaceable class="parameter">size</replaceable>, and

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <replaceable class="parameter">mctx</replaceable>.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews These correspond to the ISC_MEM_DEBUGXXXX flags described in

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <filename>&lt;isc/mem.h&gt;</filename>.

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </para>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </listitem>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-n <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable></term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews Create <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable> worker threads

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If not specified,

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <command>named</command> will try to determine the

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU.

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews single worker thread will be created.

5901928ef856543882f38b2318e8991ce2644d2bMark Andrews </para>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </listitem>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews </varlistentry>

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews

8d3e74b1683f714a484bbcf73249e8ee470e36d7Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews Listen for queries on port <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable>. If not

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews specified, the default is port 53.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-s</term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews Write memory usage statistics to <filename>stdout</filename> on exit.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <note>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews and may be removed or changed in a future release.

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </para>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </note>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </listitem>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews </varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <varlistentry>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <term>-S <replaceable class="parameter">#max-socks</replaceable></term>

f427e7850928d15ffc37b1f68c60588995c9b318Mark Andrews <listitem>

<para>

Allow <command>named</command> to use up to

<replaceable class="parameter">#max-socks</replaceable> sockets.

The default value is 4096 on systems built with default

configuration options, and 21000 on systems built with

"configure --with-tuning=large".

</para>

<warning>

<para>

This option should be unnecessary for the vast majority

of users.

The use of this option could even be harmful because the

specified value may exceed the limitation of the

underlying system API.

It is therefore set only when the default configuration

causes exhaustion of file descriptors and the

operational environment is known to support the

specified number of sockets.

Note also that the actual maximum number is normally a little

fewer than the specified value because

<command>named</command> reserves some file descriptors

for its internal use.

</para>

</warning>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-t <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>Chroot

to <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable> after

processing the command line arguments, but before

reading the configuration file.

</para>

<warning>

<para>

This option should be used in conjunction with the

<option>-u</option> option, as chrooting a process

running as root doesn't enhance security on most

systems; the way <function>chroot(2)</function> is

defined allows a process with root privileges to

escape a chroot jail.

</para>

</warning>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-U <replaceable class="parameter">#listeners</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Use <replaceable class="parameter">#listeners</replaceable>

worker threads to listen for incoming UDP packets on each

address. If not specified, <command>named</command> will

calculate a default value based on the number of detected

CPUs: 1 for 1 CPU, 2 for 2-4 CPUs, and the number of

detected CPUs divided by 2 for values higher than 4.

If <option>-n</option> has been set to a higher value than

the number of detected CPUs, then <option>-U</option> may

be increased as high as that value, but no higher.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-u <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>Setuid

to <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable> after completing

privileged operations, such as creating sockets that

listen on privileged ports.

</para>

<note>

<para>

On Linux, <command>named</command> uses the kernel's

capability mechanism to drop all root privileges

except the ability to <function>bind(2)</function> to

a

privileged port and set process resource limits.

Unfortunately, this means that the <option>-u</option>

option only works when <command>named</command> is

run

on kernel 2.2.18 or later, or kernel 2.3.99-pre3 or

later, since previous kernels did not allow privileges

to be retained after <function>setuid(2)</function>.

</para>

</note>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-v</term>

<listitem>

<para>

Report the version number and exit.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-V</term>

<listitem>

<para>

Report the version number and build options, and exit.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-X <replaceable class="parameter">lock-file</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Acquire a lock on the specified file at runtime; this

helps to prevent duplicate <command>named</command> instances

from running simultaneously. If not specified via this option,

the default lockfile is <filename>/var/run/named/named.lock</filename>.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-x <replaceable class="parameter">cache-file</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Load data from <replaceable class="parameter">cache-file</replaceable> into the

cache of the default view.

</para>

<warning>

<para>

This option must not be used. It is only of interest

to BIND 9 developers and may be removed or changed in a

future release.

</para>

</warning>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>SIGNALS</title>

<para>

In routine operation, signals should not be used to control

the nameserver; <command>rndc</command> should be used

instead.

</para>

<variablelist>

<varlistentry>

<term>SIGHUP</term>

<listitem>

<para>

Force a reload of the server.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>SIGINT, SIGTERM</term>

<listitem>

<para>

Shut down the server.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

<para>

The result of sending any other signals to the server is undefined.

</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>CONFIGURATION</title>

<para>

The <command>named</command> configuration file is too complex

to describe in detail here. A complete description is provided

in the

<citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>.

</para>

<para>

<command>named</command> inherits the <function>umask</function>

(file creation mode mask) from the parent process. If files

created by <command>named</command>, such as journal files,

need to have custom permissions, the <function>umask</function>

should be set explicitly in the script used to start the

<command>named</command> process.

</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>FILES</title>

<variablelist>

<varlistentry>

<term><filename>/etc/named.conf</filename></term>

<listitem>

<para>

The default configuration file.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><filename>/var/run/named/named.pid</filename></term>

<listitem>

<para>

The default process-id file.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>SEE ALSO</title>

<para><citetitle>RFC 1033</citetitle>,

<citetitle>RFC 1034</citetitle>,

<citetitle>RFC 1035</citetitle>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>named-checkconf</refentrytitle>

<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>named-checkzone</refentrytitle>

<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>rndc</refentrytitle>

<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>lwresd</refentrytitle>

<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>named.conf</refentrytitle>

<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>.

</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>AUTHOR</title>

<para><corpauthor>Internet Systems Consortium</corpauthor>

</para>

</refsect1>

</refentry><!--